Conference Session

Innovations in Design within BME Curricula

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Goldberg, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Kevin Caves, Duke University; Julie A. Reynolds, Duke University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

appreciated the opportunity to work ontheir technical writing, although some felt that the peer review feedback was not helpful and thatthe writing process distracted from their work on the projects. In the future, we plan tostreamline the peer review process and to refine the evaluation rubric so that students providemore effective feedback to their peers. Our goal is to further improve the quality of writing,without compromising the students’ focus on the design and development of their projects.IntroductionIt is essential for engineering students to develop a solid foundation in technical skills as well as Page 22.843.2“soft skills”, such as

Conference Session

International Experience, Effective Instruction, and Student Exchange Programs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gary Braun Riggins, Virginia Tech; Vinod K. Lohani, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

International

assigned decimals such as 9.6 togrades. The professors put course materials and grades on course websites for some classes. Testgrades were posted on bulletin boards.Social and Cultural Interactions: Outside of school, it was easy to spend time with Brazilianstudents since they spoke English and the foreign students knew conversational Portuguese. A Page 22.949.9group of Brazilian students was dedicated to orienting exchange students, and several Brazilianstudents planned social events throughout the semester such as a BBQ and a hike. Since therewas very little on-campus housing and most of the students‟ families lived in Rio de Janeiro,student

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Dean Palmer, Northern Arizona University; Joseph Flieger, Northern Arizona University; Eddie Hillenbrand

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

are the new faces of academic computing. Bonnie A. Nardi University of California, IrvineIt’s seems clear that at least since the dot-com bust, Computer Science has had difficultyattracting new students. The percentage of college freshmen planning to major in computerscience dropped from 3.4% in 1998 to 1.4% in 2004. Further, data from the National Center forEducation Statistics shows that computer and information sciences conferred fewer degrees thaneither the visual and performing arts or the social sciences and history. Downward trends forwomen entering the field date back to the 90s. After a brief

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Laboratories II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John M Mativo, University of Georgia; Natasha Smith, University of Southern Indiana

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

suggestions for improvement.A summary of responses to the open ended question is provided in Table 1, while the Likertresults are given in Table 2. From Table 1, it is evident students felt the experience enhancedtheir mastery of the subject matter (see summary of answers to questions 1, 2a, and 3). Theyalso indicated a significant level of preparation and planning (question 5). As predicted byAristotle and proponents of active learning, students easily made the connection between anincrease in ownership of the process (or more doing) and an increase in understanding. Inaddition, students appeared to have made the connections between concepts required for transferand practical application. For example, responses to question 4 (regarding

Conference Session

Panel on Innovative Graduate Education Concepts: Organized by the National Institute of Aerospace

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy E. Landis, University of Pittsburgh; Melissa M. Bilec, University of Pittsburgh; Leidy Klotz, Clemson University; Annie R. Pearce, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

translates her work in these areasas well as that of other Pitt sustainable engineersinto student projects as the assistant director of education outreach in the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation, Pitt’s center for green design.Leidy Klotz, Clemson UniversityAnnie R Pearce, Virginia Tech Dr. Annie Pearce is an Assistant Professor in the Myers-Lawson School of Construction at Virginia Tech specializing in sustainable facilities and infrastructure systems. Throughout her career, Annie has worked with practitioners in both public and private sectors to implement sustainability as part of building plan- ning, design, construction, and operations. As a LEED Accredited Professional, Annie brings the latest in green

Conference Session

Making Students Aware of Their World: Five Perspectives

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nadia N. Kellam, University of Georgia; Tracie Costantino, University of Georgia; Joachim Walther, University of Georgia; Nicki Wendy Sochacka, University of Georgia

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

narrative analysis[22, 23] of student reflections written by eachstudent after participating in multiple reflective activities over the course of one semester. In theinitial research design we planned to conduct an interpretive, phenomenological study in whichwe planned to code the students’ process reflections as emotions and triggers. However, after thefirst iteration of coding the data as emotions and triggers in NVivo (a qualitative researchsoftware that allows for highlighting and coding text electronically) the researchers noticedsomething unexpected. In the students’ process reflections the students described their emotionsthrough telling a story. Their emotions were often described as changing through the course of aproject or a specific

Conference Session

Innovative Methods to Teach Engineering to URMs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ram V. Mohan, North Carolina A&T State University; Ajit D. Kelkar, North Carolina A&T State University; Keith A. Schimmel, North Carolina A&T State University; Vinaya Kelkar

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

cooperative-collaborative teaching strategies to enhance thelearning environment.Evaluation and AssessmentThe first year of the project focused on the development of the modules and pilot implemented insome cases. A formal evaluation on full implementation has been planned. The details of theassessment plan through internal and external evaluations are discussed next.INSTRUCT project will involve both a formative and summative evaluation to be conducted aspart of the overall evaluation of the project activities and their impact. These evaluations will beconducted by an independent evaluation agency. The purpose of the formative evaluation is toensure that the goals of the project are being achieved and to identify any areas whereimprovements are

Conference Session

Laboratories and Projects in BME

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vladimir Genis, Drexel University; Donald L. McEachron, Drexel University; Fran Cornelius, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

forwriting a final report that summarizes the current state in the area, describes the experimentaltechniques utilized, discusses the expected outcomes, provides data of the actual outcomes, andexplains the reasons for the departures between the expected and the actual results. The teamwill analyze the data, draw conclusions and suggest possible ways for improving the accuracy oftheir experiments. The team will also suggest ways in which the medical technology thusinvestigated could be improved for more effective use and maintenance. Afterwards, the teampresents their findings to the class as a whole.The BET 301 course will be offered to undergraduate students of SoTAPS, SoBESHS, andCoNHP in alternate academic quarters with planned course review in

Conference Session

Project-Based Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Phillip A. Farrington, University of Alabama, Huntsville; Michael P.J. Benfield, University of Alabama, Huntsville; Matthew W. Turner, University of Alabama, Huntsville

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

into the IPT program. That semester, 27 students from Austin and Decaturhigh schools in Decatur, Alabama were tasked to designing science payloads to be integratedinto the spacecraft being developed by the IPT students that semester. The pilot program wasvery successful – the students, teachers, and administrators who participated were very excited.Anecdotally, the program impacted the future studies of several of the participants. In one Page 22.1474.5instance prior to initiation of the pilot program several of the students were not planning to takeAP science or math courses in their senior year. As a result of their involvement with

Conference Session

Design Spine

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Teresa Genevieve Wojcik, Villanova University; M. Clayton, Villanova University; Aleksandra Radlinska, Villanova University; Noelle K. Comolli, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

the mostaccurate form of assessment to determine if team-building had occurred.Current trends in curriculum theory employed at the elementary and secondary school levels can Page 22.1492.3inform the efforts of engineering educators. One of the most widespread models for curriculumplanning in K-12 schools is the “Understanding by Design” or “backwards design” approachdeveloped by Wiggins and McTighe (2005).7 Figure 1 illustrates the three stages of this model. 2. Determine 3. Plan learning 1. Identify acceptable experiences

Conference Session

Assessment Instruments

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura L. Pauley, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Jonna M. Kulikowich, Pennsylvania State University; Nell Sedransk, National Institute of Statistical Sciences; Renata S. Engel, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Statistical Sciences (NISS) and Professor of Statistics at North Carolina State University. She is an Elected Fellow of the International Statistical Institute, also Elected Fellow of the American Statistical Association. She has served as Asso- ciate Editor for the Journal of the American Statistical Association, the Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, and has been Vice-Chair of the Publication Board of the American Statistical Association. The areas of her technical expertise and current research include design of complex experiments, Bayesian inference, spatial statistics and topological foundations for statistical theory. She received her Ph.D. in Statistics in 1969 from Iowa State University. She can

Conference Session

Ethics in different disciplines

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert M. Brooks, Temple University; Jyothsna K. S., St.Joseph's College, Bangalore, Department of English; Amithraj Amavasai

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

influence of all thesevariables is random and insignificant as proved by the level of significance of 5%. Since 5%significant level is an acceptable industry standard, the same was adopted in this study. Theauthors plan to extend the strategy of this study to two other courses over the next three years.Performance of the control group was compared with that of the experimental (ethics) group.The average course grades for the control group and the experimental groups were 63 and 74respectively. The experimental group showed a 17.5% improvement over the control group.With a calculated t value of 2.8, the groups are significantly different at an alpha value of 0.05.At the end of semester a survey was conducted to determine how well prepared the

Conference Session

Embedded System Design

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jim Fischer, Oregon Institute of Technology; Claude Kansaku, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

appropriate spline. The students then used these computed differencesto create plots. The error analysis and plots were created using the MATLAB software severaldays after the launch. These error plots are shown in Figure 3 in the Appendix.Test Cases Page 22.1355.7Toward the end of the Spring term 2010, the team was able to test their system on threeoccasions: May 15, May 23 and June 5. The system worked as planned on the first and thirdlaunches but a radio malfunction rendered the system inoperable on the second launch.Although the system performed well, post-flight analysis suggested that there was room for someimprovements.The test cases

Conference Session

Engineering Technology Design I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Edwards, Pennsylvania State University, Erie; Michael Lobaugh, Pennsylvania State University, Erie

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

project: Learn that engineering is not a “Junkyard Wars” endeavor. Engineering involves a design and planning stage which many first year students want to skip. Learn teamwork. Learn that design specifications can change at any time, and engineers need to be able to deal with those changes. Learn about cost trade-offs that engineers have to deal with. Page 22.1066.4The students are given a functional specification. They must design and build an arm that iscapable of picking up and setting down an empty Styrofoam cup that could be placed either rightside up or upside down. They may manually manipulate the arm

Conference Session

Introducing Sustainability into Engineering Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan Wiggins, University of Colorado, Boulder; Mary E. McCormick, Tufts University; Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Christopher W. Swan, Tufts University; Kurt Paterson, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

health, international project-based service learning, and engineering education reform. Prof. Paterson teaches courses on cre- ativity, engineering with developing communities, and community-inspired innovation. He has served the American Society for Engineering Education in numerous capacities, as a member of the Interna- tional Strategic Planning Task Force, the International Advisory Committee, and Global Task Force, and as Chair of the International Division. He actively serves Engineers Without Borders-USA, as a chapter co-advisor, education committee chair, and lead on EWB’s efforts to examine its educational impacts. He is currently leading several NSF-funded projects involving the design and assessment of

Conference Session

FPD XI: Assessing First-Year Programs, Experiences, and Communities

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bart M. Johnson, Itasca Community College; Ronald R. Ulseth, Itasca Community College; Gordy Savela, Itasca Community College; Mason A. Hansen, Itasca Community College; Julie Kennedy, P.E., Itasca Community College

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

to student academic success and adjustment during the 1st year of college12. Engineering Development – Students complete three engineering/design projects in their Introduction to Engineering and then one semester-long project in each of the following EPD courses. These projects increase in complexity and significance each semester as students learn the project management and teamwork skills needed to successfully Page 22.1475.6 integrate their engineering knowledge with practical application. Example projects include city bicycle path planning, carbon footprint studies for city traffic routes, energy

Conference Session

A Global Engineer: International and Domestic Engineer

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudio da Rocha Brito, Science and Education Research Council; Melany M. Ciampi, Safety, Health and Environment Research Organization

Tagged Divisions

International

International Mon- itoring Committee in IGIP, Council Member of ”International Council for Engineering and Technology Education” (INTERTECH), Member of Administrative Committee of Education Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc (IEEE-EdSoc) in (2001-2004) and (2008-2011), Member of Strategic Planning Committee of Education Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics En- gineers, Inc (IEEE-EdSoc), Board Member of ”Global Council on Manufacturing and Management” (GCMM) and Director of Brazilian Network of Engineering (RBE/SP). He was President of Brazilian Chapter of Education Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc (IEEE-EdSoc), Secretary of Santos

Conference Session

Collaborations, Accreditation and Articulation Issues for International Engineering Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Salahuddin Qazi, State University of New York, Institute of Technology; Yasin Akhtar Raja, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Center for Optoelectronics & Optical Communications; Syed Muhammad Hassan Zaidi, NUST School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science

Tagged Divisions

International

engineering professionalism by Mohawk Valley Engineering Executive Committee, and forging closer relations with the IEEE Mohawk Valley section. Dr. Qazi is a senior member of IEEE and a member of American Society of Engineering Education. M. Yasin Akhtar Raja is a Professor of Physics & Optical Science and ECE at the University of North Carolina (UNC) at Charlotte. He joined UNC Charlotte in 1990 and has served in various faculty po- sitions and on several planning and program committees for establishing new Ph.D. programs, centers, and units. His research expertise spans from Nanophotonics and Optoelectronic devices and components for Optical Communication Networks. His Labs are currently is engaged in Nanophotonics

Conference Session

Expanding the Borders of Engineering Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paige Davis, Louisiana State University; Summer Dann Johnson, Louisiana State University; Emma M. Allain, Louisiana State University; Harald Thomas Leder, Louisiana State University; Warren N. Waggenspack Jr., Louisiana State University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

LSU in Germany was important. Since the German program faculty member is a native ofGermany and very well acquainted with the region, he identified potential partners for excursionsin the locations of his existing program itinerary that may not have been obvious to his colleaguein engineering, yet could be useful for the teaching of the engineering courses. He was also ableto assist the engineering faculty member in establishing contacts and arranging the visits. Toprepare for the program, the two faculty members spent a week in Germany and visited most ofthe sites. This enabled the engineering faculty member to evaluate the suggested excursiontargets on site and to integrate specific topics and issues into her course plan. She also got

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jianyu Dong, California State University, Los Angeles; Huiping Guo, California State University, Los Angeles

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

someopen-ended problems. The developed projects cover all five layers in TCP/IP model to reinforcethe students’ understanding of various protocols.The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 provides a brief overview of the project. Section 3describes the established infrastructure and explains how remote PBL can be supported. Thedetails of the developed project sequence are presented in Section 4. Section 5 describes how thecomputer networking curriculum is revised to incorporate collaborative project-based andinquiry-based learning. Our assessment plan and preliminary results are included in Section 6.Project Overview Page 22.611.3As a federally

Conference Session

Developing International Engineering Research, Course Enhancement, Leadership of, and Online Engineering Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zsuzsa Balogh, Metropolitan State College of Denver; Richard Pozzi, Metropolitan State College of Denver; Jeno Balogh, Metropolitan State College of Denver; Peter Ivanyi, University of Pecs; Richard Matthew Gutkowski, Colorado State University

Tagged Divisions

International

into U.S. West, and Western Electric Corporation. While at Nortel he developed a Managed IP Voice and Data Product solution for California School Systems. Some of Professor Pozzi’s various job titles have been: Director of Systems Engineering and Sales Support, Senior Systems Engineer, Acting Director Network Architecture, Senior Network Architect, Project Manager for Electronic Library, Direc- tor Mechanized Information Systems, Director Planning and Administrative Services, Director Inventory Management, Manager Business Services, and Field Engineer. Mr. Pozzi enjoys golf, grandkids and running in his time off.Dr. Jeno Balogh, Metropolitan State College of Denver Associate ProfessorDr. Peter Ivanyi, Pollack Mihaly

Conference Session

ABET and Curriculum-Level Assessments

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph J. McCarthy, University of Pittsburgh; Robert S. Parker, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

processes to allow the comprehensive study of systems ranging from poly-merization reactors to enzyme-catalyzed metabolism to (bio-)artificial organs. The Dynamics and Modeling class is the first of a two-part Systems Engineering pillarsequence. This course covers dynamical analysis of process systems, process control fun-damentals, feedback, basic process modeling, and optimization. The second course in thissequence is the Design course which formally combines topics from all other pillars to allowboth product and process design.Assessment Plan for the Pillars CurriculumIn order to illustrate the educational impact of the new curricular structure, this section in

Conference Session

Issues Affecting Engineering Program Development

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jimmy Bill Linn, East Carolina University; Merwan B. Mehta, East Carolina University; Janet Hooper Sanders, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

of Instructional Programs (CIP) Code for thekind of program that we are attempting to create would be: 15.9999 Engineering Technologies and Engineering-Related Fields, Other. Process and Systems Engineering Technology: A program that prepares individuals to apply basic engineering principles and technical skills in the: 1) improvement of processes in production and service environments. Includes instruction in process improvement, production line operations, inventory control, operations management, work planning and quality control, and 2) establishment of systems. Includes instruction in systems analysis, electronics and instrumentation, computer-aided design and

Conference Session

Evolving Engineering Libraries: Services, Spaces, and Collections

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jody T. Hoesly, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Anne C. Glorioso, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

, the shelving facilities were full, funding was not offered, and the timetable was 1 year.By creating Dim and Dark temporary storage, enlisting a student workforce, and benefiting froman ISyE student study of our workflows, we daringly set out to accomplish our goals. Thepurpose of this paper is to share our process so that other libraries facing similar circumstancesmay benefit.FEASIBILITYAs soon as the project was announced, we did a feasibility study to establish a broad brush project plan. Our student organizations had made it very clear that they did not want collection materials to take up

Conference Session

EM Program Design

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary A. Viola, School of Engineering, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

two-year journey. Thecurrent program architecture is illustrated in Figure 2. Figure 2: MSEM program architectureAs an example of the module integration, in Semester 1 students focus on a product developmentproject emphasizing the cross-functional nature of this fundamental activity. They acquireknowledge and concepts of marketing and project management, and develop a plan and schedulefor a new product in a semester-long team project. In order to assess the financial viability oftheir proposed product, they need financial accounting tools; they are learning those skills inanother module being concurrently taught. In the Learning to Lead module, students learn thebasics of leadership and teamwork and are given

Conference Session

Study Abroad, International Exchange Programs, and Student Engagements

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tiago R Forin, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

International

interact with classmates that have different disciplinarytraining? How will the students be brought up to speed on the problem while having anopportunity to design a proper solution? Once overseas, will the trip go according to plan or willwe have to overcome further hurdles? The intent of this paper is to describe the various learningexperiences of one particular student while involved in a global engineering project. By keepinga photo journal, I was able to capture significant learning moments in the experience that myproject leader might not have anticipated. For example, while our goal was to build a filter toprovide potable water, I discovered that while the filter provided clean water, more importantly itcreated extra time for the locals to

Conference Session

Design Across Disciplines

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Besser, University of Saint Thomas; AnnMarie Thomas, University of Saint Thomas

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

20, 21.Educators who seek information about encouraging creativity in mechanical engineering courseswould do well to consider other design-oriented disciplines, such as industrial design. LoisFichner-Rathus states, “Industrial design refers to the planning and artistic enhancement ofindustrial products ranging from space shuttles and automobiles to microcomputers and MP3players. To a large degree, the functional and mechanical aspects of these products are the workof engineers. Designers wrap the inner workings in attractive skins or housings” 22. Conversely,the Industrial Design Society of America (IDSA) defines industrial design as, “the professionalservice of creating and developing concepts and specifications that optimize the function

Conference Session

Integrating Technical Research into Professional Development and K-12 Classrooms

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Muhittin Yilmaz, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Carlos A. Garcia, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Tamara D. Guillen, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; David Ramirez, Texas A&M University, Kingsville

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

faculty from several STEM disciplines for possible futurecollaboration opportunities such as laboratory assistantship during the school year or enrollmentin summer courses. Also, the professional engineers were asked to present their company STEMdiscipline-specific employment and career perspectives. In addition, 25 participants rated theESF camp ‘the most effective’ with respect to the other two university outreach camps,suggested by 9 participants each, and 24 students indicated ‘one-week’ as the best ESF campduration.The camp has illustrated several institutional benefits. When students were asked about theircollege choices before participating in the ESF camp, only 10 students indicated their plans toattend TAMUK. On the other hand, 23

Conference Session

Interdisciplinary Education in Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University; Michael G Mauk P.E., Drexel University; Radian G. Belu, Drexel University; Eric Carr, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Page 22.76.5setting and data analysis process.Upon completion of this course, students should be able to identify and quantify various sourcesof measurement errors and how they propagate, and be capable of using this knowledge incalculations, to understand the advantages and limitations of the various sensors used in thiscourse. Students will also be able to plan experiments to meet specific engineeringaccuracy/resolution goals, and they will be able to prepare a high quality engineering reportsincluding presentation of goals, background, results, analysis, and conclusions25, 26, 27.The topics covered during this course are presented below: Topics 1. Course intro, Intro to Measurement Systems; Basic Measurements: tools and

Conference Session

New Research & Trends for Minorities in Engineering

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

K.L. Jordan, Michigan Technological University; Susan Amato-Henderson, Michigan Technological University; Sheryl A. Sorby, Michigan Technological University; Tammy L Haut Donahue, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

research and has been used as a wayof predicting students’ academic interests and goals in engineering7. SCCT has threeoverlapping models aimed at understanding how people: a) Develop basic academic and career interests b) Make and revise their educational and vocational plans, and c) Achieve performances of varying quality in their chosen academic and career pursuits.Within these models, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, goals, and other factors such asgender, race, barriers, etc. help shape a students’ career path. An example of a barrierwould be negative contextual influences, or adverse learning conditions5. These theoriesare somewhat foundational when understanding the constructs of self-regulation and self-efficacy.Self