Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cyrus Habibi P.E., Minnesota State University, Mankato; Ronald R Ulseth, Iron Range Engineering ; Michael Richard Carlson

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #6007Developing design courses in a project-based curriculumDr. Mohammad Habibi, Minnesota State University, Mankato Dr. Habibi is an assistant professor in the Department of Integrated Engineering at Minnesota State University-Mankato. He received his undergraduate and graduate degrees in Electrical Engineering. Fol- lowing his postdoctoral appointments at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, he joined the Iron Range Engineering (IRE) program in August 2011. The IRE is an innovative, 100% project-based, upper division engineering program located in Virginia-Minnesota which promotes learning in the context of

Conference Session

Design Teamwork

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen W. Laguette, University of California, Santa Barbara

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #5904Team Leadership on Capstone Design Project TeamsMr. Stephen W. Laguette, University of California, Santa Barbara Stephen Laguette is currently a Lecturer at the University of California, Santa Barbara in the College of Engineering in the Department of Mechanical Engineering (ME) and the Technology Management Pro- gram and is responsible for the undergraduate ME Capstone Design program. He received his BS, MS in ME from the University of California, Los Angeles. His professional career has included executive Research and Development management positions with a number of medical device companies. He has

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Martin Grimheden, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #7108Increasing student responsibility in design projects with agile methodsDr. Martin Grimheden, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Page 23.738.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Increasing student responsibility in design projects with agile methodsAbstractThis paper attempts to investigate the potential of merging agile methods with student projectsin higher engineering education. The context of this study consists of a number of capstoneprojects within two

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert A. Meyer, Clarkson University; John McLellan, Freescale Semiconductor; Jeffrey S Sumey, California University of Pennsylvania

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #6681Computer Engineering Design Projects in Collaboration With Industry Spon-sored CompetitionsDr. Robert A. Meyer, Clarkson University Robert Meyer is an associate professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Clarkson University. He teaches courses in digital systems design, software engineering, and the senior design course for Comuter Engineers. His research interests are in embedded systems and digital signal processing.Mr. John McLellan, Freescale Semiconductor Mr. John McLellan is the North American coordinator of University Programs at Freescale Semiconductor Inc., a global embedded solutions

Conference Session

Design Methodology and Evaluation 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donal Padraic Holland, Trinity College Dublin; Conor Walsh P.E., Harvard University; Gareth J. Bennett, Trinity College Dublin

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #7038An assessment of student needs in project-based mechanical design coursesMr. Donal Holland, Trinity College Dublin D´onal Holland is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering at Trinity College Dublin. His research focuses on engineering education, open source hardware and medical device design.Prof. Conor Walsh, Harvard University Conor is Assistant Professor of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering at the Harvard School of Engi- neering and Applied Sciences and a Core Faculty Member at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard. He is

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy and Curriculum 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Anthony Grenquist, Wentworth Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #6249Integrating Interdisciplinary Project-Based Design Streams into Upper-LevelElectrical Engineering Courses: A Methodology toward Implementing Applications-Oriented, Associative Project Streams into Electrical Engineering CoursesDr. Scott Anthony Grenquist, Wentworth Institute of Technology Scott Grenquist is currently performing Sabbatical Research in interdisciplinary, project-based-learning techniques at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology and The University of Melbourne in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. He is also concurrently an Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering at Wentworth Institute of

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lauren A Cooper, University of Colorado Boulder; Daria A Kotys-Schwartz, University of Colorado Boulder

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #8175Designing the Design Experience - Identifying Factors of Student Motivationin Project-Based Learning and Project-Based Service-LearningMs. Lauren A Cooper, University of Colorado Boulder Lauren is a PhD candidate in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Colorado at Boulder and an Assistant Teaching Professor at the Colorado School of Mines. Her research in engineering education is focused on understanding the impacts of project-based learning and project-based service-learning on student motivation.Dr. Daria A Kotys-Schwartz, University of Colorado Boulder Daria Kotys-Schwartz is the Design Center

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kevin Schmaltz, Western Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #7334Delivering the Senior Capstone Project: Comparing Year-Long, Single Semesterand Hybrid ApproachesDr. Kevin Schmaltz, Western Kentucky University Kevin Schmaltz has been at Western Kentucky University for ten years, after serving as the Chair of Mechanical Engineering at Lake Superior State University. Before entering the academic world, he was a project engineer for Shell Oil responsible for the design and installation of oil and gas production facilities for offshore platforms in the Gulf of Mexico. He has a combined 23 years of experience as an engineer in industry and in teaching. He teaches a

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert L. Nagel, James Madison University; Olga Pierrakos, James Madison University; Jacquelyn Kay Nagel, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Dr. Jacquelyn K. Nagel is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University. Prior to JMU she worked as engineering contractor at Mission Critical Technologies working on the DARPA funded Meta-II Project. Dr. Nagel has seven years of diversified engineering design ex- perience, both in academia and industry, and has experienced engineering design in a range of contexts, including: product design, biomimetic design, electrical and control system design, manufacturing system design and design for the factory floor. She earned her Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Oregon State University, and her M.S. and B.S. in Manufacturing Engineering and Electrical Engineering, respec- tively

Conference Session

Design Teamwork

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Greg Kremer, Ohio University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #6224Talkin’ Teams – Strategies for Elevating Student and Team Skill Developmentover Project CompletionDr. Greg Kremer, Ohio University Robe Professor and Chair of Mechanical Engineering, and the director of the ”Designing to Make A Difference” ME senior capstone design experience. Page 23.1131.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Talkin' Teams – Strategies for Elevating Student and Team Skill Development over Project CompletionAbstractThe purpose of this

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mario W. Gomes, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Elizabeth A. DeBartolo, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE)

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #7451Team-Based Design-and-Build Projects in a Large Freshman Mechanical En-gineering ClassDr. Mario W. Gomes, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE)Dr. Elizabeth A. DeBartolo, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE) Dr. Elizabeth A. DeBartolo is an associate professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department at the Rochester Institute of Technology. She works with students on the design of assistive devices and rehabili- tation aids, and characterizing the mechanical behavior of materials. Dr. DeBartolo serves on her college’s leadership teams for both multi-disciplinary capstone design and outreach program

Conference Session

Design Methodology and Evaluation 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

April M. Bryan, University of the West Indies

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

design courses into every year of their program,while others provide students with a single capstone design experience in the final year.While some institutions use problem based learning approaches, others use guidedexperiential learning to teach engineering design. Design courses also vary by the source ofthe projects. In some institutions, instructors design the courses while in other institutions;students propose their design projects. A recent trend has been the use of industry-led andservice-based projects for capstone design courses. Projects often vary by team size and mayconsist of teams of one to as many as five members.A review of the literature reveals that there has been considerable investigation into thetechniques used to teach

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy and Curriculum 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Timothy F. Wheeler, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Mary Lynn Brannon, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #7073Enhancing the quality of senior design projects: The introduction of a co-ordinated sequence of design courses to prepare students for the capstoneexperience in electrical engineeringMr. Timothy F. Wheeler, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Timothy F. Wheeler is an assistant professor of Electrical Engineering at the Pennsylvania State Uni- versity. He earned an Artium Baccalaureus degree in Slavic Languages and Literatures from Princeton University in 1975. After a decade as a crab fisherman in Alaska, he earned a Bachelor of Science de- gree in Electrical Engineering from Cornell University (1989

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

E James Nelson, Brigham Young University; Tatevik Christensen; Fernando S Fonseca, Brigham Young University; A. Woodruff Miller, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

capstone design projects are playing anincreasingly important role in meeting the educational objectives of Civil & EnvironmentalEngineering degrees. In recent years both the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) andthe Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) have placed a focus on thedevelopment of management, leadership and general business skills. Capstone programs offer anideal environment that provides a synthesis of the fundamental technical engineering skills indeveloping a culminating design while creating an opportunity to focus on all of the professionalpractice skills necessary for students to become future leaders in their field.Recognizing the opportunity to enhance development of these complimentary

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Olga Pierrakos, James Madison University; Elise M. Barrella, James Madison University; Robert L. Nagel, James Madison University; Jacquelyn Kay Nagel, James Madison University; Justin J Henriques, James Madison University; Daniel Devon Imholte

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

at Georgia Tech completing her Ph.D. research as part of the Infrastructure Research Group (IRG). She also completed a teaching certificate and was actively involved with the Center for the En- hancement of Teaching and Learning (CETL) at Georgia Tech. Her academic interests focus on two primary areas of sustainable transportation: (1) community-based design and planning and (2) strategic planning and policy development. Dr. Barrella is also interested in investigating how to best integrate these research interests into classroom and project experiences for her students.Dr. Robert L. Nagel, James Madison University Dr. Robert Nagel is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University

Conference Session

Design Teamwork

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Junichi Kanai, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Mark Anderson, Rensselaer

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

product divisions in Japan. He was also responsible for managing his groups’ patent portfolio. From 2002 to 2004, he was a man- ager at the system group of Panasonic’s sales company in Secaucus, NJ providing system integration and software development for clients. He was also an Export Control officer. Dr. Kanai joined the Design Lab at RPI in 2004. He is currently the Associate Director of the lab and and Professor of Practice of in the Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering department. The Design Lab provides industry spon- sored and service oriented multidisciplinary design projects to 200 students/semester. His responsibilities include managing the operation of the Design Lab and enhancing the experience for

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gerald Sullivan, Virginia Military Institute; Jon-michael Hardin P.E., Virginia Military Institute

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Integrating ‘Design Challenges’ Into a Freshmen Introduction to Mechanical Engineering CourseIntroductionIt is currently widely recognized that retention of engineering students can be enhanced byincluding introductory engineering courses into the first-year engineering curriculum in additionto the usual math and science classes1-3 Moreover, the inclusion of engineering design projectswithin the first-year curriculum, or “cornerstone design projects”, provides students with insightinto the differences between engineering and science, and increase students‟ motivation andinterest in engineering4-11. One team of researchers has shown that the incorporation of hands-ondesign projects in the first year provides “experiences of

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. Page 23.941.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 On Teaching Capstone Design: The Role of Practitioners in the ClassroomAbstract: Teaching civil engineering design through senior projects or capstone design courses,with industry involvement and support, has increased in recent years. The general trend towardincreasing the design component in engineering curricula is part of an effort to better preparegraduates for engineering practice. While some design projects are still of the “made up” typecarried out by individual students, the vast majority of projects today deal with “real-worldproblems” and are usually conducted by student teams. The paper begins first

Conference Session

Design Methodology and Evaluation 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Buelin-Biesecker, North Carolina State University; Eric N. Wiebe, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

pedagogies has beenidentified in the research literature and national standards documents. Two design and problem-solving instructional approaches were explored in this study: the DEAL method(Define/Explore/Anticipate/Look back) and the choice-based approach, a nonlinear, student-driven method. Creative outcomes resulting from student projects developed under DEAL andchoice-based conditions were measured and compared in this study involving 132 middle schoolstudents. Seventy-two student projects were developed using video game design software, thirty-six for each instructional method. They were completed with students opting to work alone or inpairs. The Consensual Assessment Technique was then employed using seven adult raters tocompare outcomes of

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David A Saftner, University of Minnesota Duluth; Sara D. Ojard, University of Minnesota Duluth; Eshan V. Dave, University of Minnesota, Duluth; Nathan William Johnson, University of Minnesota Duluth; Eil Kwon; Rebecca Teasley, Civil Engineering University of Minnesota Duluth

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

a New ProgramABSTRACTThe University of Minnesota Duluth’s Department of Civil Engineering accepted its firststudents in 2008, graduated its first class in 2012, and first offered a capstone design course inthe spring semester, 2012. Groups of five to six students designed a building on a local site.Students organized their teams based on interest in a particular branch of civil engineering,allowing individual students to focus their efforts on a particular subject. Based on feedbackfrom faculty, practicing engineers, and students, several changes were implemented prior to thefall 2012 semester. These changes included making the group size smaller, modifying the gradedsubmissions, and changing the project location. Most significantly, the

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Denny C. Davis, Washington State University; Ronald R Ulseth P. E., Iron Range Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

plan is presented forintegrating teamwork development into an engineering program to prepare graduates forsubsequent development of high performing teams in the professional workplace. A case isdiscussed to illustrate how team development is achieved in a project-based curriculum setting.IntroductionThe great engineering challenges of the twenty-first century are complex and multidisciplinary innature [1]. Engineers engaged in addressing problems of societal concern that have economicimpact will necessarily be members of multidisciplinary teams that bring diverse expertise andperspectives to the problem solving process. In general, a team is “a small number of people withcomplementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, set of

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Anders Wahlquist, US Air Force Academy; Daniel D. Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; Kristin L. Wood P.E., Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD); Kyle Fitle, U.S. Air Force Academy; David Carte, U.S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

of research grants.Dr. Kristin L. Wood, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD)Lt. Kyle Fitle, United States Air ForceDavid Carte, United States Air Force Page 23.1327.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Using Mini Design Competitions in Capstone Courses to Teach the Design ProcessAbstractFor many senior undergraduate engineering students, the capstone design project is their firstexperience implementing the design process. As a result many capstone teams do not grasp theimportance of the early stages of the design process. To help

Conference Session

Design Teamwork

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marie C Paretti, Virginia Tech; James J. Pembridge, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach; Cory Brozina, Virginia Tech; Benjamin David Lutz, Virginia Tech; Jintana Nina Phanthanousy, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

curriculum on design cognition, the effects of differing design pedagogies on retention and motivation, the dynamics of cross-disciplinary collaboration in both academic and industry design environments, and gender and identity in engineering.Dr. James J. Pembridge, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Univ., Daytona Beach James J. Pembridge is an Assistant Professor in the Freshman Engineering Department at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. He earned a B.S. in Aerospace Engineering, M.A. Education in Curriculum and Instruction, and Ph.D. in Engineering Education from Virginia Tech. His research has focused on mentoring as pedagogy for project-based courses and understanding the adult learning characteristics of undergraduate

Conference Session

Design Teamwork

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia Kristine Sheridan, University of Toronto; Lobna El Gammal, Institute For Leadership Education in Engineering at the University of Toronto; Jennie Phillips MA, University of Toronto; Greg Evans, University of Toronto; Doug Reeve P.Eng., University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

engineering studies at the University of Toronto. She is pursuing a certificate of global engineering and working towards an optional fourth-year thesis with the Institute for Leadership Education in Engineering (ILead) at the University of Toronto. Previously, she worked as a pilot analyst summer research student, with both ILead and Patricia Sheridan, to develop a team effectiveness inventory for guided reflection and feedback. Lobna was responsible for performing quantitative and qualitative analysis of the pilot project findings and for modifying the proposed inventory based on analysis. Lobna is passionate about engineering education and plans to pursue a career path in the field.Jennie Phillips MA, University of

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education (DEED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patrick Rowsome, University of Limerick; Niall Seery, University of Limerick; Diarmaid Lane, University of Limerick; Seamus Gordon, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

assessment tasks it is important they have a good personal construct of what it means to be capable in design education. The importance of allowing design students the facility to develop creative and innovative capacities is a priority. With standardised testing it is harder to allow for open ended and divergent projects to be facilitated and assessed. Adaptive Comparative Judgment is a dynamic assessment tool to facilitate and capture the complex iterative design process. The validity and reliability of adaptive comparative judgments as an assessment tool has been established by many in Design Education. This paper looks at the impact of A.C.J. on perspective design educators construct of design capability

Conference Session

Design Methodology and Evaluation 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tamecia R. Jones, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica E Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Senay Purzer, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 (A Foreign Language not so Foreign) The Design of Language for Engineering Education: Recycling IM and Text Messaging to Capture Engineering ProcessesAbstractIn an ideal world, teachers would be able to track the rationale of individual students or studentgroups and communicate with students continuously rather than at the end of a project or atmilestones. Current design rationale tools tested in industry show that engineers (and students)have to break their momentum to stop and record ideas or document, so those tools are not aseffective as they could be. A

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy and Curriculum 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay R. Goldberg P.E., Marquette University; David B. Rank, Root Cause Consortium, LLC

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #6230A Hands-On, Active Learning Approach to Increasing Manufacturing Knowl-edge in Engineering StudentsDr. Jay R. Goldberg P.E., Marquette University Jay R. Goldberg, Ph.D, P. E. is a Clinical Associate Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Marquette University, and Director of the Healthcare Technologies Management program at Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin (Milwaukee). He teaches courses involving project management, new product development, and medical device design. His experience includes development of new prod- ucts in urology, orthopedics, GI, and dentistry. Dr. Goldberg

Conference Session

Design Methodology and Evaluation 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vimal Kumar Viswanathan, Georgia Institute of Technology; Julie S Linsey, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

) providingsuitable warnings to novice designers can help them in avoiding design fixation. Thesehypotheses are tested using a quasi-experiment conducted during a freshmen class project.Students complete their projects in three different experimental groups. One group receives afixating example with an undesirable feature. The feature negatively influences the functionalityof the design. The second group receives the same fixating example with warnings about theundesirable feature. The third group completes the project without the help of an example(control). Students are instructed to build and test their designs. The designs are photographedbefore and after testing. The occurrence of the flawed example feature in each design is studied.The results show

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy and Curriculum 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William A Kline, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Cory A. Hixson, Virginia Tech; Thomas W. Mason, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Patricia Brackin, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Robert M. Bunch, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Kay C Dee, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Glen A. Livesay, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

customers. An“innovation stage” project starts with a concept, an invention, or intellectual property but theproject often lacks a detailed specification for development. The challenge is to evaluate avariety of design concepts and implement the best result in practical and innovative ways thatmoves the concept toward commercialization. Kline et al.40 captured eight best practices ofinnovation from managing innovation stage projects in a technology commercialization program.These best practices include focusing on speed, teamwork, allowing project scopes to creep, andcracking the tough problems first. They are applicable for the individual or the organizationwanting to be more innovative. Further, in The Innovators DNA, Dyer et al.21 identify

Conference Session

Design Methodology and Evaluation 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adam R Carberry, Arizona State University; Morgan M Hynes, Arizona State University; Ethan E Danahy, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

(STOMP).Dr. Morgan M Hynes, Arizona State University Morgan Hynes is a Research Faculty Associate at Arizona State University conducting research on the impact of product archaeology dissection activities on students’ knowledge and abilities to engineer in broader contexts. Before joining ASU, Hynes was a Research Assistant Professor in the Education De- partment and Education Research Program Directorat the Center of Engineering Education and Outreach at Tufts University. Hynesreceived his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering in 2001 and his Ph.D. inEngi- neering Education in 2009 (both degrees at Tufts University). Inhis current positions, Hynes serves as PI and Co-PI on a number offunded research projects investigating