Conference Session

Computers in Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

xue zhang; Debbie Vogel, Sprint; Mahesh K. Banavar, Arizona State University; Shuang Hu; Andreas S. Spanias, Arizona State University; Photini Spanias; Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

university “ASU ID”) is customizable andincludes apps that we developed at our university from the ground up for STEM education. Wenote that previous attempts to create customized portals for universities have also been attemptedby mobile communications service providers to expand their student customer base on collegecampuses (example shown in Figure 1).The difference in our effort is that we include and customize not only the usualsports/entertainment and university service/access apps but we focus specifically on includingSTEM oriented apps (see Figure 2), some of which were created as part of an NSF project. Forexample we created an Android app for performing mathematical and signal analysis simulationson Android smart phones and tablets. We

Conference Session

Future Directions of Continuing Professional Development

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kim A. Scalzo, State University of New York; Edward G. Borbely, University of Michigan; Nelson C. Baker, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

the New York State Education Department Office of Higher Education for several Institutional Capability Reviews for distance learning programs. Over the past five years, she has participated in an E.U.-U.S. project to develop international quality standards for continuing education centers. She is also a co-creator of the Bray-Scalzo Partnership Model for creating and sustaining successful partnerships. Scalzo is currently serving as a member of the Faculty Advisory Council for Teaching and Technology at SUNY and as Chair-elect for the Continuing Professional Devel- opment Division of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE). She is also a member of the International Association of Continuing

Conference Session

Thermodynamics, Fluids, and Heat Transfer

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lynn Albers, North Carolina State University; Laura Bottomley, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Page 25.1159.2The type of active learning in this research project differs from that of Dr. Felder in that itinvolves the use of hands-on activities. The hands-on activities are models that give a three-dimensional shape to the experiences and concepts that we know. The models allow the studentto touch, feel and play so that they can first solidify their knowledge of the concept and thenconnect it to a potentially new experience and concept. The hands-on activities were designedfor use in the fluid mechanics classroom to have the student move; first by getting up to get thematerials and second by having them build the model.The inspiration for creating hands-on activities for an undergraduate Fluid Mechanics coursecame from working with North

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yi Guo, Stevens Institute of Technology; Shubo Zhang, Stevens Institute of Technology; Arthur B. Ritter FAIMBE, Stevens Institute of Technology; Hong Man, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

inSpring 2011. The course is a graduate ECE course, and can also be chosen by undergraduatestudents as a technical elective. In Spring 2011, we have 15 enrolment, of which there are 3undergraduate students. The course discusses advanced topics in autonomous and intelligentmobile robots, and we introduced the micro-robots as a special topic during the second half ofthe semester. We used a modified challenge-based pedagogy.In a typical challenge-based implementation, a complex problem (the challenge) is presentedto the students. Students then generate ideas based on what they already know and what theywill need to know to solve the problem. This step can be materialized using the case studiesdeveloped under the project. In the second step, students

Conference Session

Ethical Issues I: Sustainability and Environmental Ethics

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Roger Painter P.E., Tennessee State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

Education sets a high bar for engineering educators. It states 4:“…To educate students to cope with ethical problems, the first task of the teacher is to makestudents aware of ethical problems and help them learn to recognize them. A second task is tohelp students understand that their projects affect people for good or ill, and that, as “moralagents” they need to understand and anticipate these effects. A third task is to help students seethat, as moral agents, they are responsible for helping to develop solutions to the ethicalproblems they encounter…”These directives on inclusion of ethics in engineering education have garnered a great deal ofinterest in formulating exactly what elements of ethics belong in the engineer’s ethics

Conference Session

Considerations for the Collection Conscious Librarian

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia E. Kirkwood, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

database description, the item would be “expected” to appear inthat database. For example: publications at regional ASEE conference would not be expected inINSPEC or Compendex. The general description of the subject content of database wasconsulted to determine if a published item could be “expected.” The list of journals andconferences indexed in a specific database was not consulted.It was impossible to code items as expected or not expected with CiteSeerX. There was not, atthe time, a description about the types of materials collected by the Web crawler only a generalstatement about what subject content might be expected in the CiteSeerX database. Dr. Giles, thedirector of the CiteSeerX project, was contacted and his email responses were used

Conference Session

Progress in Manufacturing Education III

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julia L. Morse, Kansas State University, Salina; Heidi Blackburn, Kansas State University, Salina

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

with the class.Classroom Introduction of the Knovel DatabaseFor both courses, students were first given a peer-led demonstration of the library homepage, thelibrary subject guides, and then basic entry and use of the Knovel database. The "peer-led"demonstration involved a student being asked to demonstrate on the computer projected to therest of the class, following step-by-step directions from the librarian. Other class membersfollowed along on their own screens. (The peer-led method is applied because of studiesshowing students are more engaged if a peer leads the demonstration, even if he or she has neverdone the activity.18,19,20,21)Next, the class participated in an activity relevant to their particular class subject. The

Conference Session

IT-based Instructional Technologies

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander A. Kist, University of Southern Queensland

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

completed at the Centre for Advanced Technology in Telecommunications (CATT), RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. From 2004 to 2006, he was a Postdoctoral Research Fellow with the Australian Telecommu- nications Cooperative Research Centre (ATcrc) and RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. From 2005, he was the ATcrc networking program Project Leader. Since May 2006, he is a lecturer and since Jan. 2011, a Senior Lecturer in telecommunications at the University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia. His research interests include green IT, teletraffic engineering, performance modelling, QoS provisioning, and engineering education. He is a member of the Telecommunication Society of Australia, Engineers

Conference Session

Information and Network Security

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mudasser Fraz Wyne, National University; Gregory Stuart Rogers; Preston Jay Mendoza, National University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

AC 2012-3306: ISPR: AN INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR PHYSICIANSRESOURCESDr. Mudasser Fraz Wyne, National University Mudasser Fraz Wyne is currently serving as a professor of computer science and Chair of Department of Computer Science, Information, and Media Systems at the School of Engineering, Technology, and Me- dia, National University, San Diego, Calif., USA. He is a lead faculty member for the B.S. in information systems and previously for M.Sc. in database administration and M.Sc. in computer science programs. Wyne has a Ph.D. in computer science, a M.Sc. in engineering, and a B.Sc., in electrical engineering. He has been in academics for 20+ years and supervised more than 50 graduate and undergraduate projects

Conference Session

Active Learning and Demonstrations in Materials Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Spencer Seung-Hyun Kim, Rochester Institute of Technology; Elizabeth Dell, Rochester Institute of Technology; Mario H. Castro-Cedeno, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Materials

Page 25.916.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Materials Education for Green Plastics Manufacturing Technology (GPMT)IntroductionA recent campaign, "Green Solutions for the Future,” identified the creation of green jobs,infrastructure projects, renewable energy research and development, and education as majorissues and challenges facing the nation.1,2,3 From using eco-friendly products to driving electriccars, there are many opportunities for consumers to lower their carbon footprints and energyconsumption. According to the Society of Plastics Engineers (SPE), over 200 million tons ofplastics are manufactured annually around the world. Of that, 26 million tons are manufacturedin the United States

Conference Session

New Ideas for the ChemE Core

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fabiana Manzo, University of Houston (CoE); Vassilios Tzouanas, University of Houston, Downtown; Enrique Barbieri, University of North Texas

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

benzene, toluene, and m-xylene is consideredas a case study. The impact of heat integration was analyzed from an energy savings viewpoint.Heat integrated distillation columns are generally more complicated from a control viewpointbecause of the greater degree of interaction among the columns. Thus, different controlstructures, ranging from feedback only to more sophisticated ones such as feed forward andcascade, and tuning methods are devised and compared from a performance viewpoint whenproduct composition setpoint changes or feed rate and feed composition disturbances areintroduced.Furthermore, extensive use of Aspen Engineering tools was made to facilitate project execution.AspenPlus was used for steady state simulation while Aspen Dynamics

Conference Session

Social Media and In-class Technology: Creating Active Learning Environments

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gonca Altuger-Genc, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Yegin Genc, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

mandatory senior level Process Control course in PlasticsEngineering Department at University of Massachusetts Lowell. In the Fall 2011semester 33 undergraduate students were enrolled, 31 of them choose to participate in theself-directed lifelong learning experience. The course teaches principles of controlsystems, process block diagrams, feedback control, process monitoring, DOE, SPC/SQC,and Taguchi methods. The class meets on Tuesdays and Thursdays for 1 hour 15 minutelong sessions. Following each class meeting, students were assigned homework. DuringFall 2011 semester a total of 22 homework assignments were given. The total weight ofthe homework assignments was 25% of the course grade. The course also included twoseparate projects, both of which

Conference Session

Research Informing Teaching Practice I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Jane Grigg, Clemson University; Lisa Benson, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

goals of this project include: (1) elucidate how firstyear engineering students utilize problem solving strategies, and (2) evaluate successful andunsuccessful problem solving strategies, as well as errors and misconceptions, in terms ofcognitive and metacognitive processes. Data collected from 36 students in Spring 2011 has beenanalyzed using a validated coding structure. The analysis identifies relevant events within well-structured word problems which had multiple possible ways of solving the problem but only onecorrect answer. To assess mental workload students experience as they solve problems, a taskload index (NASA-TLX) was administered after students completed each problem. The NASA-TLX is a survey with six subscales: three measuring

Conference Session

Progress in Manufacturing Education III

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Peter Vogt, University of Utah; Stacy Bamberg, University of Utah; Debra J. Mascaro, University of Utah

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

- quisition boards;E-learning platforms;e-teaching;Experimentation;LabViEW;Learning pro- cess;Remote laboratories;Student-centered learning;.[15] B. Kapralos, A. Hogue, and H. Sabri, “Recognition of hand raising gestures for a remote learning application,” (Santorini, Greece), pp. COST 292; aceMedia; K–Space; Muscle; Eu- ropean Association for Signal Image Processing –, 2007. complex problems;Distance learn- ing (DL);hand gestures;hand motions;International (CO);markov modelling;motion cue- ing;Multimedia interactive services;Omni directional;Remote learning;.[16] J. Dong and H. Guo, “Enhance computer network curriculum using collaborative project based learning,” (Vancouver, BC, Canada), 2011. California State University

Conference Session

Computer and Informtion Technology-related Issues

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Suranjan Panigrahi, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Ken Burbank, Purdue University, Statewide Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

general structure of graduate programs in Engineering Technology Many graduate programs in Engineering Technology (or discipline specific Engineering Technology) offer two year M.S. programs and each program requires a total of 30 -33 credits. Some programs have options to complete the Masters program by completing courses only or combining the course work with research credits. Research can be conducted using either a thesis option or paper (directed project) option. In the thesis option, the student undertakes a research problem that requires extensive research, often for a total of 6-8 credits. In the paper or directed project option, the student‟s research problem is of lesser magnitude, typically with a total of 3-5 credit hours. Students

Conference Session

New Concepts for Alternative Energy Courses and Concepts

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lawrence Holloway, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

 the elements of at least one non‐US culture or  society with respect to energy.  This is done through the class project.    6.  Students will demonstrate a grasp of the global inequalities and diversities that exist with  respect to energy across the world.   These were the objectives specifically for the Global Dynamics General Education requirement.In addition to these were broader objectives regarding understanding: the basics of energy; themix of sources including pros and cons of each; the basics of electric power transmission anduse; and the environmental, economic, political, and social aspects of energy,  The course is divided into five major blocks.Energy Basics: This section of the course covers definitions of power and

Conference Session

Energy, the Environment, and Nano Technology

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Clifford R. Mirman, Northern Illinois University; Lesley Rigg, Northern Illinois University; Melissa Lenczewski, Northern Illinois University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

journalpapers were initiated. Overall this has been and continues to be a very impressive and profitableundertaking for all of the parties involved and all of the constituent groups served.Developmental Issues EncounteredThe most important issue encountered in this project to date is the mode in which team taughtcourses are treated in the loading of a faculty member. To the faculty member, this is not a majorissue, however, to the departments, it is a major concern. At the start of the project, it wasdiscussed at a high level, and the governing board was told that it will be no problem. At thispoint in time, several courses have been offered using interdisciplinary faculty teams, typicallytwo-three faculty members. Again, at this point, the departments

Conference Session

Innovations in Teaching and Research in Physics or Engineering Physics I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marie Lopez del Puerto, University of Saint Thomas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics & Physics

assessments will help the instructor tailor the followinglecture(s) to address any remaining difficulties, and will also guide the revision of thelaboratories. Students’ responses to exam questions will then be used to assess students’understanding once again.(2) Modeling + Experiment: Computation is now a ubiquitous tool in science and engineering,complementing theory and experiment. There have been several successful efforts to introducecomputation in the introductory physics sequence and upper-level curriculum (for example,Matter and Interactions,8 the course developed by J. Tobochnik and H. Gould,9 and projects atLawrence University10 and Brigham Young University,11 among others12), using VPython,Maple, and other computational languages. However

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ricardo G. Sanfelice, University of Arizona; Giampiero Campa, MathWorks; Manuel Abraham Robles, University of Arizona

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

target for educational integration of the developed hands-on kit.The introduction of this real-life renewable energy challenge in such courses will provide a practi-cal application to solve using classroom control theory. Currently, the kit has been incorporated ina graduate course on hybrid control systems as a final project assignment. The current assignmentfocuses on extraction of solar energy using solar tracking algorithms, but a follow-up assignmenton wind energy analysis will be developed. In this assignment, the students are asked to performthe following tasks: • Task 1: Modeling of the mechanical components of the setup including the effect of the servomotors. In this task, the students derive a simple mathematical model

Conference Session

Design Tools and Methodology II

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Geoffrey Samuel Frost, University of Toronto; Jason A. Foster, University of Toronto; Robert Irish, University of Toronto; Patricia Kristine Sheridan, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

soon as possible or risk becoming uncompetitive.Identifying an emerging DfX and its stage of development may also be helpful to the academicrealm. Identifying the stage of development that a nascent DfX is currently in can suggest to adesign researcher that they explore how to “push” the guideline into the next sensible stage,ideally based on historical precedent or on a general understanding of DfX development.Furthermore, recent research in the field of Engineering Design theory has advocated for a TopDown approach to the development of a DfX system that incorporates multiple DfXs into asingle omnipotent process[5]. Yet, the literature currently lacks a convincing overview of how asingular DfX develops. Prior to embarking on a project to

Conference Session

Accreditation and Outcomes-based Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy E. Slaton, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

prescriptive texts, may Page 25.1348.7encourage consensus, but partly by so doing that emphasis deflects students from interrogatingdifference or fairness. For example, some educators equate "functioning on multidisciplinaryteams" with working well with business and management representatives, hardly a recipe fordiverse political or social outlooks in an engineering project.2 Nor is "sending kids to the Web,"as one educator suggested as a partial fulfillment of outcome J ("a knowledge of contemporaryissues") likely to introduce a critical sensibility into the engineering classroom. 12Also worrying are increasingly frequent invocations of "global

Conference Session

Educating Students for Professional Success

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diane L. Peters P.E., LMS International; Shanna R. Daly, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

community overall, and to improve the planet earth.In contrast, while Danielle took a leave of absence and planned to return to her current employer,the impact of the credential was the primary way in which her career would be enhanced by adoctorate. She was working on research projects that interested her prior to beginning herdoctorate, but without the degree, she was unable to be the Principal Investigator (PI) on herprojects. Now what I find is that unless I have a PhD you cannot own your own funding, no matter how many papers you’ve written… So you have to have a PhDBy getting a doctorate, she would be able be a PI on her projects, define their direction, and exerta greater degree of control.Harald, unlike Catherine and

Conference Session

FPD I: Research on First-year Programs Part I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kerry Meyers, University of Notre Dame; Victoria E. Goodrich, University of Notre Dame; Natalie Gedde, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

profilethe successful program developed for the Introduction to Engineering course, and to assess theattitudes of student assistants who are serving (or have served) in this role.Program Background and MethodsDuring the 2000-2001 school year, a new approach to the Introduction to Engineering coursesequence at the University of Notre Dame was developed involving cross disciplinary hands ondesign projects. Since inception, the course sequence has enrollments that have ranged from~350-450 first-year engineering students and involves large group lectures that introduce thebackground / theory of the projects and small group learning center sections. The learningcenters are groups of ~25-35 first-year students led by an instructor and an undergraduate

Conference Session

Research in Assessment

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter M. Ostafichuk, University of British Columbia; Jim Sibley, University of British Columbia, Vancouver; H.F. Machiel Van der Loos, University of British Columbia

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

students, all registered in a common lecture section (i.e. there areapproximately 125 students in the classroom at one time). It includes two major design projects Page 25.1031.3and numerous assignments, labs, and other activities related to design. The second course,MECH 325, is a third-year course on machine design.13 It includes five large design assignmentsfocusing on different types of mechanical components. There are approximately 150 students inMECH 325, divided into two roughly-equal sections. All students who complete MECH 223normally continue on to take MECH 325. Following recommended practice, in both coursesteams are instructor

Conference Session

Innovations in Teaching and Research in Physics or Engineering Physics III

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bert Pariser, Technical Career Institutes

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics & Physics

five venture companies, and as a management consultant successfully catalyzed more than $100 million of new shareholder value in client businesses. He has led cross-functional client teams in projects to find and capture value-creating profit and growth opportunities. Pariser is a Trustee of Mutual Fund Series Trust and serves as a member or the audit committee. Pariser received a Ph.D. and M.S. from Columbia University and a B.S. from MIT in electrical engineering. Email: bert.pariser@gmail.com. Page 25.1040.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Page

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ikseon Choi, University of Georgia; Yi-Chun Hong, National Central University; David K. Gattie, University of Georgia; Nadia N. Kellam, University of Georgia; Melissa G. Gay, University of Georgia; Lucas John Jensen, University of Georgia; Hyojin Park, University of Georgia; YounSeok Lee, University of Georgia

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

AC 2012-5074: PROMOTING SECOND-YEAR ENGINEERING STUDENTS’EPISTEMIC BELIEFS AND REAL-WORLD PROBLEM-SOLVING ABIL-ITIES THROUGH CASE-BASED E-LEARNING RESOURCESDr. Ikseon Choi, University of Georgia Ikseon (Ike) Choi is an Associate Professor of learning, design, and technology in the Department of Edu- cational Psychology and Instructional Technology at the University of Georgia, where he teaches learning theories, learning environments design, and program evaluation courses. Since receiving his Ph.D. at Penn State University, he has been leading a series of research and development projects for case-based e-learning environments and real-world problem solving in both higher education and corporate settings. Through

Conference Session

Future Directions of Continuing Professional Development

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gonca Altuger-Genc, University of Massachusetts, Lowell

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

students wereenrolled in the course. The course covered topics such as, instrumentation, signal conditioning,data acquisition, feedback control, process monitoring, DOE, SPC/SQC, and Taguchi methods.The course meets twice a week for two 75-minute sessions. Students have two homeworkassignments per week and two project assignments per semester. While the homeworkassignments are individual effort, both of the projects are group effort. Even though there is nolab component attached to the course, the projects require students to perform hands-onmeasurements with thermocouples and DAQ data loggers. The homework assignments, projects,mid term and final exam are each worth 25% weight of the final grade. During the Fall 2011semester a new component

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert O'Connell, University of Missouri, Columbia; Pil-Won On, University of Missouri, Columbia

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

include motivating students to study and learn new materialoutside of class and before encountering it in the classroom; motivating them to engageappropriately in the specified group work process; and motivating them to engage in theformative/summative assessment examination processes used. The paper describes progressmade over three semesters in overcoming these challenges.IntroductionEducational research has shown that student-centered active learning can produce much deeperconceptual learning than can traditional lecturing1, and that when active learning is conducted inan extensively group-based learning environment, such as problem-based learning, project-basedlearning2, or team-based learning3, students also develop various professional

Conference Session

The Transition from Secondary to College Mathematics

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bert Pariser, Technical Career Institutes

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

addition, Pariser co-founded five venture companies and as a management consultant successfully catalyzed more than $100 million of new shareholder value in client businesses. He has led cross-functional client teams in projects to find and capture value-creating profit and growth opportunities. Pariser is a Trustee of Mutual Fund Series Trust and serves as a member or the audit committee. Pariser received a Ph.D. and M.S. from Columbia University and a B.S. from MIT in electrical engineering. Email: bert.pariser@gmail.com. Page 25.1256.1 c American Society for Engineering Education

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Potpourri

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lawrence E. Whitman, Wichita State University; Don E. Malzahn, Wichita State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

development of an individual's own self-perception is the developmentof a vocabulary15 that allows them to tie their experienced self to the image of an effectiveleader. Students come to the course with a very limited vocabulary for describing themselves.They identify with a gender, race, religion, academic major, hometown, etc. These are theconcepts that they have available for describing themselves and for describing the similarity anddifferences between themselves and others. This leaves very little flexibility for meaningfuldifferentiation involving the responsibilities and coordinated efforts required in manyengineering projects. In an attempt to resolve the deficit of vocabulary with respect to leadership,an objective of this course is to