Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Miguel X. Rodriguez-Paz, Tecnológico de Monterrey; Jorge A. Gonzalez-Mendivil, Tecnológico de Monterrey; Israel Zamora-Hernandez, Tecnológico de Monterrey; Gibrán Sayeg-Sánchez, Tecnológico de Monterrey; Martha Elena Nunez, Tecnológico de Monterrey

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

50% of the course, collaborative work and homework,20% and final exam 30%, respectively. The final exam is at the end of the course when theclasses period has ended and students are only sitting for exams or delivering final projects inother courses, therefore, the final exam period is extremely stressful for students and if they didnot perform well in the partial exams, the need for a good mark at the final exam could makematters worse.In the last few years our university has worked in a new education model, namely (nameremoved for blind review) that is student centered and encouraging the use of the latesttechnologies inside and outside the classroom [1-2]. These technologies include remote distancecourses [3-4] and even courses with

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Darrell D. Nickolson, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Katie Pruitt

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

: Ex.1d: START/STOP/CONTINUE AssessmentQuestion #1:What is something you would like to start happening in this course that is not currentlyhappening? Responses: “I feel like I need a day to ask questions/check my work with you before turning in an assignment” “Clear instructions on what is important to know and what is required of us. Direct instruction for assignments. Feedback on previous assignments so we know if we are on the right track for current or future assignments” “Currently I enjoy what we are doing, so I do not have any suggestions at this time”Question #2:What is something you would

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

John J. Phillips, Oklahoma State University; Jenna A. Harbert

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

the topic of BIM for the use of structural engineering design, and littlewas found in the way of research being performed on this topic. There were a number of publicationsthat discussed BIM for use in educational purposes, however very few were discovered that pertainedto the use of BIM in structural engineering design education. One notable exception to this was apublication that looked at when BIM should be introduced to students in higher education. Resultsfrom that study indicated the inclusion of BIM into civil and architectural structural engineeringcourses gave students an advantage at better understanding the systems and the process of design anddocumentation [1]. Students in engineering often have expectations that they will be

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Adriana Rios Santiago, Texas Southmost College; Anabel Pineda-Briseño, Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico/Instituto Tecnologico de Matamoros; Jesus A. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Uriel Saul Huerta P.E., Tecnologico de Leon

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

society is facing require the abilityto comprehend complex problems and analyze them bearing in mind diverse perspectives. Forthis reason, the faculty defined a series of projects to study how the built environment can beenvisioned. Diverse examples of project collaborations between engineering and architectureprograms are to contribute to the education of future professionals to be able to operate in acollaborative environment, though leadership and innovation coordinated activities [1][2].MethodologyTerms such as ubiquitous computing and cloud computing have been embedded in a diversity ofdisciplines, due to its broad applications. Novel schemes in ubiquitous computing enable theopportunity to embed technology into the activities of everyday

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sanjeev Adhikari, Kennesaw State University; Pavan Meadati, Kennesaw State University; Minsoo Baek, Kennesaw State University

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

has always been praised by students and department for his outstanding teaching and research excellence. To supplement his teaching and research, he has been involved in numerous professional societies, including ASCE, ACI, ASEE, ASC, ATMAE and TRB. His research output has been well disseminated as he has published thirty journal papers and thirty-nine conference papers. His research interests are 1) Creating Innovative Sustainable Materials, 2) Structural BIM Integration, 3) 4D/5D BIM, 4) Virtual Testing Lab, 5) Innovative Construction Demolition, and 6) Carbon Footprint Analysis on Roadways.Dr. Pavan Meadati, Kennesaw State University Pavan Meadati, Ph.D., LEED AP, is a professor in Construction Management

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sudarshan Krishnan, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

can bring architectural values and creative problem-solving skills to solve engineering problems in complex building structures.Learning objectivesExercises or projects on designing for unique extreme environments would enhance designthinking considering new and unforeseen factors. In fact, such exercises bring a sense of reality toprojects that is not possible when you design with fewer and milder constraints. Through designsfor outer space, students would learn about design for similar extreme environments and conditionson earth. The knowledge they take away may shape their life and careers in humanitarianarchitecture such as disaster-relief structures, pop-up clinics, among others. Students will learnabout:(1) Space architects, space

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Andrew Richard Kline, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Fernanda L. Leite, University of Texas, Austin; Eduardo Luis Isatto, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

three universities. This information may assist Construction Management and Engineering programs that are interested in integrating BIM into an existing curriculum. Key Words: BIM, Engineering, Construction, CurriculumIntroductionBuilding information modeling (BIM) has increased at an exponential rate over the past decadein the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. BIM adoption has steadilyincreased since 2007; according to McGraw-Hill Construction’s Smart Market Report [1], 17%of AEC industry utilized BIM software systems in 2007, 49% in 2009, and 71% in 2012. A morerecent McGraw-Hill Construction survey conducted in 2019 states that mechanical and plumbingsubcontractors are responsible for producing

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kimberly Grau Talley P.E., Texas State University; Bobbi J. Spencer, Texas State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

represent 38% of astudent’s time in the degree, the expected proportion of pre-construction students to allconstruction students is approximately 40% of the population. Figure 1 presents the program’senrollment trends over the last nine years, which shows the unexpectedly high proportion of pre-majors to matriculated majors.The pre-construction program was introduced when the degree was modified from an IndustrialTechnology major to an Engineering Technology/Construction Management major, it wasinitially implemented as a series of pre-requisites to take upper level courses. When the pre-construction program was modified to be a pre-major program in the Fall 2014 Catalog (so thatstudents enrolling in the Construction - Matriculated

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Didier M. Valdes, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez; Carla Lopez Del Puerto, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez; Alberto M. Figueroa-Medina, University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez; Benjamin Colucci, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez; Rocío Juliana Sotomayor-Irizarry, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

) arerequired to provide positive guidance for motorists to safely traverse the work zone as well as toprotect workers from serious injuries or fatalities [1]. Temporary Traffic Control (TTC) plans aredesigned for highway work zones to provide optimal functionality of the roadway as well as asafe and effective movement to road users when the normal function of the road is temporarilysuspended. TTC plans also must protect workers, incident responders, and equipment.Highway work zones fatalities in the United States amounted to 809 in 2017, of which 132 wereworkers [2]. Poorly planned work zones can result in excessive delays to motorists and othersocial impacts associated with the lives lost and serious injuries. Engineering students mustunderstand the

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

James B. Pocock, U.S. Air Force Academy; Patrick Charles Suermann P.E., Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

across the United States and much of the world areaccredited by ABET, formerly the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology. ABETgeneral criteria for these programs include Student Outcomes. The seven Student Outcomes forcivil engineering programs, are: 1. an ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex engineering problems by applying principles of engineering, science, and mathematics 2. an ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions that meet specified needs with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors 3. an ability to communicate effectively with a range of audiences 4. an ability to recognize

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Scott Walbridge P.E., University of Waterloo; Rania Al-Hammoud P.Eng., University of Waterloo

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

desired program outcomes will also be outlined.2.0 Curriculum OverviewFigure 1 presents an overview of the new architectural engineering program. Highlights of thisprogram include the following: 1) the students alternate between academic and coop work terms,with the exception of having two back-to-back academic terms in their fourth year; 2) each termfeatures a studio course – as mentioned earlier, each of these courses will involve the planningand execution of a series of design projects that integrate and put into practice concepts coveredin the other courses the students will be taking; 3) the core courses in the first two years are builton the established civil, environmental, and geological engineering programs at the sameinstitution, and

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mostafa Namian, East Carolina University; Sharareh Kermanshachi, University of Texas, Arlington ; Mohammad Khalid, East Carolina University; Ahmed J. Al-Bayati, Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

Paper ID #31779Construction Safety Training: Exploring Different Perspectives ofConstruction Managers and WorkersDr. Mostafa Namian, East Carolina University Dr. Mostafa Namian is an Assistant Professor of Construction Management at East Carolina University. Mostafa completed his Ph.D. in 2017 from North Carolina State University (NC State). He worked in the construction industry for several years before joining academia. His research interests include 1) Construction Safety Management, 2) Hazard Recognition and Safety Risk Perception, 3) Human Behavior in Construction, and 4) AI in Construction. He is also an OSHA

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mohamed ElZomor, Florida International University; Omar Youssef, University of Arizona; Sara Ghaemi, University of Arizona; Tasbeeh Alaqtum, University of Arizona

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

Modeling Olympiad”, in conjunction with IBPSA-USA,and was awarded first place in the following category “the model that best communicates thevalue of the energy simulation to the building owner”. Proposing guidelines to achieve a Net-Zero status for energy demanding office buildings, in Manhattan, New York. The energyanalysis first started with compliance to the ASHRAE 90.1 (2018) Standard, after which a seriesof specific energy efficiency measures proposed to optimize the performance. Alleviating thereliance on our infrastructure systems, this research conducted several steps: (1) illustrate thereduction in energy consumption and utility costs, reducing the Energy Use Intensity (EUI) by51% from 89.5 Kbtu/ft2/year to 45.12 Kbtu/ft2/year; (2

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Michael James Deigert P.E., California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Anahid Behrouzi, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Pamalee A. Brady, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

Similar Tools in Industry PracticeIn recent years, the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry has been shiftingtowards an electronic document workflow that facilitates clear, real-time communicationbetween designers, plan checkers, and contractors. A number of software packages are leadingthis coordination of interdisciplinary collaboration for large-scale structural engineering projectsincluding Bluebeam Revu [1], Procore [2], BIM 360 [3], and PlanGrid [4]. Each of thesedocument management tools allow user groups to produce and share design drawings,submittals, reviews, requests for information (RFIs), and field reports [5] as detailed in Table 1.This technology increases efficiency in communication response time and accuracy

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Yewande S. Abraham, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

learning is beneficial to the educational process, and it has the potential to engagestudents in the learning process deeply. Studies have demonstrated its success in improvingcritical thinking skills, collaboration, and retention of material. In active learning, studentsshould not only be involved in activities, but they should be thinking about what they are doing[1]. Student-centered pedagogical strategies can promote student learning and retention of thematerial [2]. Incorporating a variety of pedagogical approaches in the classroom allows fordifferent student learning styles to be accommodated while improving student engagement.In engineering, common instructional techniques used include active learning, problem-basedlearning, cooperative

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Piyush Pradhananga, Florida International University; Mohamed ElZomor, Florida International University; Gabriella Santi; Arif Mohaimin Sadri, Florida International University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

in improving minority students’ overall performance and professional skills.Introduction and BackgroundConstruction management (CM) is one of the growing careers in the booming US constructionindustry since there is an increasing demand for professionals to manage construction activities[1].The growth in demand is projected to increase by 10 percent from 2018 to 2028, with theanticipated increase in construction activities over the coming decade [2]. However, due to thegrowing complexity of construction processes and the dynamic nature of the constructionindustry, there is a necessity for an innovative pedagogy that could help CM students familiarizethemselves with real-construction site issues and engage in problem-solving skills

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Long Duy Nguyen P.E., Florida Gulf Coast University; Robert O'Neill P.E., Florida Gulf Coast University; Simeon J. Komisar, Florida Gulf Coast University

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

learning.Recent Studies of the Cloud-Based SRSs in Engineering EducationStudies on the use and impacts of traditional SRSs on learning are not new and in fact have beenreported for a few decades. Similar studies about cloud-based SRSs have been conducted in thelast ten years, if not earlier. Table 1 summarizes recent studies regarding the implementation ofthe cloud-based SRSs in engineering education. Most of these studies reported on students’perceptions and some faculty reflection and did not have a baseline or a control to compare with.Table 1. Recent studies of SRSs in engineering education Course(s) SRS Brief Description Introductory Electric Top Hat Several multiple-choice questions were asked with Circuits7

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Christina McCoy P.E., Oklahoma State University; John J. Phillips, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

FabricationAbstractThis paper seeks to evaluate the challenges and successes in incorporating a beam fabricationmodule into a Concrete 1 engineering design class for Architecture and ArchitecturalEngineering students. While this class is usually taught in a lecture format, the inclusion of ahands-on activity aimed to accomplish the following goals: • Student learning about principles of flexure and shear through hands-on exercises • Engage students in course material by giving the first-hand experiences with concrete construction • Structure task to encourage competition between small groups • Prompt students to consider multiple solutions to a given problem • Involve other learning settings to give students a more well-rounded

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

David Wesley Martin, Central Washington University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

showed that the students as a group became more collaborative in their conflict management styles between their junior and senior years.IntroductionMarket forces within the construction industry are demanding more collaborative environments.Construction Management at Risk, Design/Build, Lean Construction, and Integrated ProjectDelivery (IPD), now account for most of all construction contracts.1 In particular, IPD requires asignificant level of collaboration to succeed. However, these increasingly collaborative projectdelivery systems do not ensure collaboration. For example, Lean Construction proponentsfrequently employ the principles of IPD and have positively impacted the construction industry,but success does not occur on every

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sanjeev Adhikari, Kennesaw State University; Rachel D. Mosier, Oklahoma State University; Sandeep Langar, University of Texas, San Antonio

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

praised by students and department for his outstanding teaching and research excellence. To supplement his teaching and research, he has been involved in numerous professional societies, including ASCE, ACI, ASEE, ASC, ATMAE and TRB. His research output has been well disseminated as he has published thirty journal papers and thirty-nine conference papers. His research interests are 1) Creating Innovative Sustainable Materials, 2) Structural BIM Integration, 3) 4D/5D BIM, 4) Virtual Testing Lab, 5) Innovative Construction Demolition, and 6) Carbon Footprint Analysis on Roadways.Dr. Rachel D. Mosier, Oklahoma State University Dr. Rachel Mosier is an Assistant Professor at Oklahoma State University and is licensed as a

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Saeed Rokooei, Mississippi State University; Mohammadsoroush Tafazzoli, Washington State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

, Mohammadsoroush Tafazzoli2 1 Mississippi State University, 2 Washington State UniversityAbstract This paper concisely reports on the design and organization of a summer camp in the construction area and explores the impacts of such activities on getting high school students’ awareness of the benefits of a construction career. Summer camps provide a pathway for examining youth development in specific areas. Camps represent environments where participants can develop their technical knowledge, social skills, and emotional intelligence through a series of theoretical and practical activities that are fun, engaging, interesting

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Luciana Debs, Purdue University Programs; Bryan John Hubbard P.E., Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

. Her research in- terests include team work and collaboration in construction, effective communication in spatial problem solving, and design - field team interaction.Dr. Bryan John Hubbard P.E., Purdue University-Main Campus, West Lafayette (College of Engineering) Associate Professor School of Construction Management Technology Polytechnic Institute Purdue Uni- versity c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Faculty Experience in Team-Teaching in Construction Management Higher EducationIntroduction Effective collaboration is one of the expected student learning objectives in constructionhigher education [1]. One of the reasons for this is because

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Piyush Pradhananga; Mohamed ElZomor, Florida International University; Gabriella Santi; Lu Zhang, Florida International University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

Simulation Trainings. Toanalyze students’ presentation skills improvement through the VR-activity, the authorsconducted peer evaluations for pre and post-activity presentations. Additionally, after the VRactivity, the authors conducted an exit survey, obtaining the students’ perception of theactivity. The data obtained from the different surveys and evaluations allowed the authors to(1) develop an ordered probit regression model to understand the influence of several factorssuch as academic level, gender, first-generation and international status; (2) identify themajor deficiencies in CM students' communication and presentation skills; and (3) assess theeffects of VR-based presentation simulations on CM students’ presentation skills. The

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rachel Mosier P.E., Oklahoma State University; Carisa H. Ramming, Oklahoma State University; Sanjeev Adhikari, Kennesaw State University

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

at five different universities. He has always been praised by students and department for his outstanding teaching and research excellence. To supplement his teaching and research, he has been involved in numerous professional societies, including ASCE, ACI, ASEE, ASC, ATMAE and TRB. His research output has been well disseminated as he has published thirty journal papers and thirty-nine conference papers. His research interests are 1) Creating Innovative Sustainable Materials, 2) Structural BIM Integration, 3) 4D/5D BIM, 4) Virtual Testing Lab, 5) Innovative Construction Demolition, and 6) Carbon Footprint Analysis on Roadways. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jeyoung Woo P.E., California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Hyun Woo Kim, Incheon National University; Elaine Rawley Goetz, Ohio University Office of Sustainability

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

. The primary objectives of this study are: 1) introduce the LEED Lab, 2) describe acourse that adapted the LEED Lab to an actual case, and 3) share lessons learned, including studentfeedback. At the beginning of the semester, a university building was selected and fundamentalinformation, such as drawings and energy consumption data, were collected. Then, studentsanalyzed the building’s sustainability performances, following the eight categories of LEED v4for Building Operations and Maintenance (LEED O+M): (1) Location and Transportation (LT),(2) Sustainable Sites (SS), (3) Water Efficiency (WE), (4) Energy and Atmosphere (EA), (5)Materials and Resources (MR), (6) Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ), (7) Innovation (IN), and(8) Regional Priority

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Eugene Kwak, Farmingdale State College, State University of New York

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

describes a summer scholarship project,led by the author and students from the Architectural Engineering Technology program whodesigned and built a micro-farm structure that doubles as outdoor furniture. The primarypurpose of this project is to evaluate the feasibility of micro-farm structures as a newpedagogical strategy in architectural courses, and to simulate a multi-disciplinary course thatemploys experiential learning. This will set a precedent as a scalable model for other institutionsto replicate and to share the lessons learned from the process.IntroductionBased on the previous study [1], the goal of this research is to develop a pedagogical strategy inthe Department of Architecture and Construction Management at Farmingdale State College

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

M. Scott Stanford P.E., United States Air Force Academy; Joel Sloan P.E., United States Air Force Academy; James B. Pocock, United States Air Force Academy; M. Mark Russell P.E., DFCE

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

graduatingengineers.Introduction Culminating design events serve as a hallmark of most undergraduate engineeringprograms [1], [2], and many undergraduate programs leverage a quarter, semester, or evenyearlong capstone course to meet this objective. This paper presents a case study of a novelapproach to conduct a compressed-timeframe culminating event just prior to graduation, in thecontext of a two-semester capstone sequence. The culminating event is designed to leverage best practices in literature related to team-building, competitions, student leadership, real-project case studies, and high-impact practices.Literature related to these practices is embedded throughout the paper as it describes the overallstructure and design. The event also helps achieve

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kelli R. Kopocis-Herstein, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Terry L. Stentz, University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering

modern construction relies heavily on technology, materials, and methods, the executionof design and the profession of Construction Engineering and Management is largely human-centric.Construction Engineering and Construction Management graduates need to be equipped with theknowledge, analytical methods, technical skills, and human perspectives that will allow them tolead and manage themselves so that they can successfully lead and manage others as well as thevarious resources necessary to complete complex construction projects and schedules that meetor exceed contract, budget, and safety objectives on a consistent basis [1] [2] [3]. The key toconstruction productivity is human factors [4] . In a 2016 survey of 36 contractors,“communication” and