Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 14

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hayaam Osman, Purdue University ; Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 6: Equity, Inclusion, and Access

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Hicks, Texas A&M University, Kingsville ; Michael Preuss, Exquiri Consulting, LLC; Matthew Lucian Alexander P.E., Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Rajashekar Reddy Mogiligidda, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Mahesh Hosur, Texas A&M University, Kingsville

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs Division (FYP)

Industrial Engineering at Texas A&M University-Kingsville since 2016. He graduated from Texas A&M University-Kingsville with a Master’s in Mechanical Engineering in 2016 and currently working on his PhD in Engineering at Texas A&M University-Kingsville.Dr. Mahesh Hosur, Texas A&M University, Kingsville Mahesh Hosur, PhD Associate Dean, Research and Graduate Affairs Mahesh Hosur received his education from India with a Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) degree in Civil Engineering from Karnataka University (1985), Master of Technology (M. Tech.) degree in Aeronautical Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay (1990) and Ph.D in Aerospace Engineering. from Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

Conference Session

Accountability and Stewardship

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Helen Newton; Lisa Romkey, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES)

about climate change intheir engineering courses could be useful.Many students also viewed sustainability as a separate discipline or subject, as opposed to a setof principles for application in engineering. For example, in the second qualitative question,students indicated that they had a stronger interest in something else (i.e., Aerospace), implyingthe independence of sustainability from their interest. In the first qualitative question, manystudents said that their discipline is not related to the environment/sustainability, and thereforeclimate change discussions are not relevant in their classes. This is despite most studentsagreeing (both in the SCCT quantitative section and in the qualitative section) that engineers arewell-suited to

Conference Session

Institutional inclusion: Advancing equity and belongingness in engineering education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Teirra K Holloman, Virginia Tech Department of Engineering Education; Julia Machele Brisbane, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Natali Huggins; Walter C. Lee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; David B Knight, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

administrators. We are asking for this demographic information up front to prime yourconsideration of your prior experiences for the remainder of the survey. 1. Please indicate your primary academic department: ○ Aerospace & Ocean Engineering ○ Biological Systems Engineering ○ Biomedical Engineering & Mechanics ○ Chemical Engineering ○ Civil & Environmental Engineering ○ Computer Science ○ Electrical & Computer Engineering ○ Engineering Education ○ Industrial & Systems Engineering ○ Materials Science & Engineering ○ Mechanical Engineering ○ Mining & Minerals Engineering ○ Myers-Lawson School of Construction

Conference Session

Flaming Moe's Influence: Bio-Inspired STEM Explorations, Hot Stuff!

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abeera P. Rehmat, Georgia Institute of Technology; Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology; Dyanne Baptiste Porter, Georgia Institute of Technology; Michael Helms; Jeffrey H Rosen, Georgia Institute of Technology; Marc Weissburg, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

‐Cohen Y, ed), pp. 331–60. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 7. J. K. Nagel, C. Rose, C. Beverly, and R. Pidaparti, “Bio-inspired design pedagogy in engineering,” Unknown Journal, 2019. 8. M Weissburg, C. T. C. Tovey, J. Yen, “Enhancing innovation through biologically inspired design,” Advances in Natural Science, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 01-16, 2010. 9. A.S. Gencer, H. Dogan, and K. Bilen. “Developing biomimicry STEM activity by querying the relationship between structure and function in organisms.” Turkish Journal of Education, vol. 9, no. 1, 64–105, 2020. 10. C. M Sabo, A. Cope, K. Gurney, E. Vasilaki, and J. Marshall, “Bio-inspired visual navigation for a quadcopter using optic flow,” In AIAA Infotech@ Aerospace

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Integration and Programmatic Reform

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Casey Gibson, National Academy of Engineering; David A. Butler, National Academy of Engineering

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES)

possible insuch essentially technical areas as aerospace and military weaponry” (p. vi), suggesting thatRANN ought to “lead the way in developing effective means of integrating applied socialscience, physical science, and engineering research” (p. iii).In 1981, NSF met congressional calls to elevate the significance of engineering within NSF byestablishing a Directorate for Engineering (ENG). This move came amidst growing concernsabout U.S. technical competitiveness in global markets, particularly given the rapid developmentof the Japanese economy [12]. The aim of this directorate was to enhance the technologyinitiatives of the NSF while fostering strong links between engineering research, education, andindustry. Notably, in 1984 the Engineering

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 22

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohammad Faraz Sajawal, University of Oklahoma; Javeed Kittur, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

8 3.43 4 11.11 Industrial and Systems Engineering 6 2.58 2 5.56 Chemical Engineering 6 2.58 - - Aerospace Engineering 9 3.86 - - Environmental Engineering 15 6.44 - - Architectural Engineering 6 2.58 - - Engineering Physics 1 0.43 - - Engineering Undecided 1 0.43 - - Class Standing First year 59

Conference Session

Flaming Moe's Influence: Bio-Inspired STEM Explorations, Hot Stuff!

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abeera P. Rehmat, Georgia Institute of Technology; Michael Helms; Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jeffrey H Rosen, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - Tools for Planning and Evaluation of Design Projects

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel D. Jensen, Westmont College; Elijah Cicileo; Jonah Kai Swanson; Gregory Reich

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

Paper ID #41580A Weighted Design Matrix Approach for Informing Digital vs. Physical PrototypingOptionsDr. Daniel D. Jensen, Westmont College Dr. Dan Jensen is the Westmont Endowed Professor of Engineering and the Director of the Engineering program at Westmont College. He was a Professor of Engineering Mechanics at the U.S. Air Force Academy for 21 years. He received his B.S. (Mechanical Engineering), M.S. (Applied Mechanics) and Ph.D. (Aerospace Engineering Science) from the University of Colorado at Boulder. He is a Fellow at the International Design Center (Co-located with Singapore University of Technology and Design and

Conference Session

Engineering, Ethics, and Community Engagement

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lazlo Stepback, Purdue University ; Joey Valle, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division (COMMENG), Engineering Ethics Division (ETHICS)

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 16

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Omar Jose Garcia, University of Oklahoma; Javeed Kittur, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Paper ID #41998Engineering Doctoral Students’ Expectations, Reflections, and Concerns RegardingFuture in AcademiaOmar Jose Garcia, University of Oklahoma Omar Garcia is an undergraduate Aerospace Engineering student at The University of OklahomaDr. Javeed Kittur, University of Oklahoma Dr. Kittur is an Assistant Professor in the Gallogly College of Engineering at The University of Oklahoma. He completed his Ph.D. in Engineering Education Systems and Design program from Arizona State University, 2022. He received a bachelor’s degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering and a Master’s in Power Systems from India in 2011

Conference Session

Mr. Burns' Brainchild: AI in the Springfield STEM Classroom, Release the Hounds!

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alvin Talmadge Hughes IV, University of Florida; Jacob Casey Yarick, University of Florida; Nancy Ruzycki, University of Florida; Hajymyrat Serdarovich Geldimuradov, University of Florida; Sarah Louise Langham, University of Florida; Katherine Miller, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

well as school and camp curriculums centered around Artificial Intelligence. Previously, he has worked as an instructor at Mathnasium, where he taught math to K-12, and as a lab assistant in an undergraduate laboratory at the University of Florida.Jacob Casey Yarick, University of Florida Jacob Yarick is an undergraduate student at the University of Florida pursuing a Bachelor of Science in Aerospace Engineering and Bachelor of Science in Astrophysics. He works under the EQuIPD program where he designs, creates, and teaches lessons related to Python programming and Artificial Intelligence. Previously, he has worked at the Kika Silva Pla Planetarium, and the Calusa Nature Center & Planetarium. He has also tutored

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 21

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kelsey Scalaro, University of Nevada, Reno; Indira Chatterjee, University of Nevada, Reno; Ann-Marie Vollstedt, University of Nevada, Reno; Adam Kirn, University of Nevada, Reno

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Paper ID #41440Undergraduate Engineering Students’ Experiences of Faculty RecognitionDr. Kelsey Scalaro, University of Nevada, Reno Kelsey is a recent PhD graduate from the Engineering Education program at the University of Nevada, Reno. She has a BS and MS in mechanical engineering and worked in the aerospace industry for four years before returning to academia to complete her doctoral degree. Her research focusses are in undergraduate engineering identity and is interested in exploring how it can be equitably supported through pedagogical practices.Dr. Indira Chatterjee, University of Nevada, Reno Dr. Chatterjee has

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 23

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leslie Bostwick, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Alex George, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Trinity Lee, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Zachary Del Rosario, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

author, New paperback. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2020.[2] E. Mayr, Animal Species and Evolution. 1963. Accessed: Jul. 24, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.4159/harvard.9780674865327[3] C. J. Wild and M. Pfannkuch, “Statistical Thinking in Empirical Enquiry,” Int. Stat. Rev., vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 223–248, Dec. 1999, doi: 10.1111/j.1751-5823.1999.tb00442.x.[4] Z. del Rosario, “Neglected, Acknowledged, or Targeted: A Conceptual Framing of Variability, Data Analysis, and Domain Consequences,” J. Stat. Data Sci. Educ., 2024, doi: 10.1080/26939169.2024.2308119.[5] G. Daniels, “The ‘Average Man’?,” Air Force Aerospace Medical Research Lab, Wright-Patterson AFB OH, AD010203

Conference Session

Fostering Student Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christel Heylen, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium; Herman Buelens, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium; Jos Vander Sloten, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

the students gradually acquire technical and social skillslike information and simulation tools, experimental work, systematic approach to problemsolving and engineering design, teamwork and communication skills, critical attitude andcreativity. Throughout the first three semesters of the bachelor, a gradual transition fromsolving closed engineering problems to working on open-end design projects isimplemented2. The assignments of the first year relate to one technological area, from 2003until 2006 this area was aerospace engineering, from 2006 until 2009 energy within thestudents’ environment and currently the first year students are working on problems related tohealth science and sports.A lot of attention goes to the guiding of the first

Conference Session

Innovative Teaching Methods and Learning Models

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Douglas Sugg, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Corona Division; John V Fishell, Science and Technology Education Partnership (STEP) ; Arman Hovakemian, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Corona Division

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

and technology was the underpinning of California‟s leadership inagriculture, aerospace, defense, electronics, computers, software, movie production, multimediaentertainment, biotechnology, medical devices, environmental technologies, andtelecommunications. This leadership provided jobs, sustained a high standard of living, andoffered numerous other benefits to California residents. 4The CREST report provided a wake-up call by announcing that California was at risk of losingthe lead it once enjoyed. Several contributing factors were cited with the highlight being theinability of the state‟s educational system to produce a technologically skilled workforce insufficient numbers and capable of sustaining the R&D activity. Essentially, the

Conference Session

Innovative Program and Curricular Development

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Frances Ibes, Saint Catherine University; Yvonne Ng, St. Catherine University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

and the University of Minnesota as a mechanical and aerospace engineer, she worked in industry as an automation design engineer and contract programmer. She made computer sci- ence a more appealing topic for her all-women undergraduate student body by presenting this technically valuable course in a project-oriented comprehensive manner. She is currently the director of the Center of Excellence for Women, Science and Technology where she administers the college’s National Science Foundation scholarships for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) majors and fa- cilitates various recruiting, advising and placement activities for STEM majors and minors

Conference Session

Trends in Mechanical Engineering I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy C. Bradshaw, University of Oklahoma; Zahed Siddique, University of Oklahoma; Patricia Lea Hardre, University of Oklahoma; Farrokh Mistree, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Educational Psychology, in the Instructional Psychology & Tech- nology program at the University of Oklahoma. Her broad range of research work and interests include: engineering education, teaching assistant professional development, instructional design, faculty work, performance standards, program evaluation, performance assessment, health professions, informal and community education.Farrokh Mistree, University of Oklahoma Farrokh Mistree holds the L. A. Comp Chair and is the Director of the School of Aerospace and Me- chanical Engineering at the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma. Farrokh’s current research focus is on learning how to attain a net zero energy / eco footprint in the built environment. His

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Potpourri I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa M. Abrams, Ohio State University; Robert J. Gustafson, Ohio State University; Sharnnia Artis, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

; Sciences) 1Integrated Systems Eng 2Materials Science & Eng 1 1Mechanical & Aerospace Eng 11 9 34 30 Table 1. Demographics of faculty interviewed and emailed Procedures Dissemination Through Student Interviews The first step of the project was accomplished by students contacting and interviewing the faculty. Students distributed the publication to the faculty member prior to the interview. Students prepared for the interview in-class by discussion and role play

Conference Session

Design Communications & Cognition I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dirk Schaefer, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jitesh Panchal, Washington State University; Sammy Haroon, The RBR Group; Farrokh Mistree, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

papers in journals, books and conference proceedings on Computer-Aided Engineering and Design as well as Engineering Education. Dr. Schaefer is a registered professional European Engineer (Eur Ing), a Chartered Engineer (CE ng), a Chartered IT-Professional (CI TP), a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (FHEA ) in the UK, and a registered International Engineering Educator (Ing-Paed IGIP).Jitesh Panchal, Washington State UniversitySammy Haroon, The RBR GroupFarrokh Mistree, University of Oklahoma Farrokh Mistree holds the L. A. Comp Chair and is the Director of the School of Aerospace and Me- chanical Engineering at the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma. Farrokh’s current research focus is on learning how

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

William Bambrick

Conference Session

Teaching Dynamics

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sherrill Biggers, Clemson University; Marisa Orr, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

AC 2010-845: INTEGRATED DYNAMICS AND STATICS FOR FIRST SEMESTERSOPHOMORES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGSherrill Biggers, Clemson University Sherrill B. Biggers is Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Clemson University. He has over 29 years of experience in teaching engineering mechanics, including statics, dynamics, and strength of materials at two universities. His technical research is in the computational mechanics and optimal design of advanced composite structures. He developed advanced structural mechanics design methods in the aerospace industry for over 10 years. Recently he has also contributed to research being conducted in engineering education. He received teaching awards at

Conference Session

Special Session: Impacts of Service in Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Trevor Harding, California Polytechnic State University; Lynne Slivovsky, California Polytechnic State University; Nina Truch, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

their studies, they made reference to their more abstract uncertainties about theremainder of the curriculum. This uncertainty and anxiety may overwhelm any sense of inherentinterest they developed in the first-year.We take solace, however, in the fact that both intention and satisfaction were positivelycorrelated to students’ perceived attachment to their discipline (SPA) if only weakly. Though itis only anecdotal, we have continued to struggle to help our students develop an identity as amaterials engineer. This is due primarily to the fact that the field is highly multi-disciplinary andthus has no clear definition in the same sense that aerospace or civil engineering does. Thus, wetake these correlations as a positive sign that our efforts

Conference Session

Service Learning and Societal Issues in the First Year

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John K. Estell, Ohio Northern University; Kenneth Reid, Ohio Northern University; Jed Marquart, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Marquart, Ohio Northern University Jed E. Marquart is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Interim Department Chair at Ohio Northern University. He received his BSME from Ohio Northern University and his MS and PhD in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Dayton. His areas of research include numerical simulation of steady and unsteady flows, aircraft and engine design, and finite element analysis. He teaches courses in the areas of the thermal sciences, FEA, CFD, and freshman engineering. Dr. Marquart is a licensed professional engineer, an Associate Fellow of AIAA, and a member of ASEE and Tau Beta Pi

Conference Session

ADVANCE Grants and Institutional Transformation

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anna M. Zajicek, University of Arkansas; Shauna A. Morimoto, University of Arkansas; Joseph Rencis, University of Arkansas; Valerie H. Hunt, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Conference Session

Effective Methods for Recruiting Women to Engineering

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eleanor M. Jaffee, Smith College; Donna Riley, Smith College

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

careers, and I saw an astronaut, and I asked my teacher „how do you get to be an astronaut?‟ So it was kind of this whole evolution into, well, you know, I want to be an astronaut, and then, you know, well, I want to go into aerospace engineering, and now I am just really interested in mechanical engineering. (95:4) I chose engineering because I‟ve always enjoyed math classes and they‟ve always come very easily to me… In high school I was in the pre-med program which was heavy in math and science classes so I‟ve always taken those, and now they are easier for me to do than the arts. I received a scholarship in my last summer where I got a mentor and he was an engineer, and living across the street

Conference Session

Standards For Future Engineering Practitioners

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charlotte Erdmann, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

members. This is very good place for locating national standards organizationstheir websites.This is not an all-inclusive list but gives people a starting pointPurchase of StandardsThe current trends are for libraries to subscribe to frequently used standards and purchase othersselectively. Subscriptions formats include print, CD-ROM, or online. Subscriptions give theusers the advantage of always knowing that standards from a specific organization are available.One-time purchases may be print or downloaded pdf to meet a specific need quickly.The types of standards ordered on one-time purchases vary. It is not uncommon to orderstandards from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Aerospace IndustriesAssociation (AIA), and European

Conference Session

Biological & Agricultural Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Josue Orellana, Washington State University; Fabiola Quiroa, Washington State University; Ala' Ibrahim Abu-Lail; Nehal I. Abu-lail, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Biological & Agricultural

Aerospace Club at WSU and has worked as an undergraduate research assistant at Dr. Abu-Lail’s laboratory for one year. fabiola.quiroa@email.wsu.eduAla’ Ibrahim Abu-Lail Ala ’ Abu-Lail is a Junior Biomedical Engineering Student at Jordan University of Science and Technol- ogy, Irbid , Jordan . She joined WSU past summer for an internship and worked on this project along with other students. 011-962-799-567596, alo2a13789@hotmail.comNehal I. Abu-lail, Washington State University Nehal Abu-Lail is an assistant professor of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering at Washington State University . She did her M.S. at Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid Jordan , her Ph.D. at Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Courses and Outcomes II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William D. Schindel, ICTT System Sciences; Samuel N. Peffers, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; James H. Hanson, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Jameel Ahmed, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; William A. Kline, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

AC 2011-1370: ALL INNOVATION IS INNOVATION OF SYSTEMS: ANINTEGRATED 3-D MODEL OF INNOVATION COMPETENCIESWilliam D. Schindel, ICTT System Sciences William D. Schindel is president of ICTT System Sciences, a systems engineering company, and devel- oper of the Systematica Methodology for model and pattern-based systems engineering. His 40-year engineering career began in mil/aero systems with IBM Federal Systems, Owego, NY, included ser- vice as a faculty member of Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, and founding of three commercial systems-based enterprises. He has consulted on improvement of engineering processes within automotive, medical/health care, manufacturing, telecommunications, aerospace, and consumer

Conference Session

Women in K-12 Engineeering & Outreach Programs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tirupalavanam Ganesh, Arizona State University; John Thieken, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

: Electrical andElectronics Engineering (female, Latino), Chemical Engineering (female, African American),Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (1 female, White; 1 male, African American), ComputerScience and Engineering (male, White), and Materials Science and Engineering (male, White).These undergraduate research interns served as peer-mentors working side by side with theparticipants and shared their educational pathways to their chosen field.ParticipantsThe engineering-education project spanned three years and included four junior high schoolsfrom a large district in the Southwest. In 2007, two seventh grade groups from two junior highschools were selected using a purposeful selection strategy to form cohort 1. In 2008, twoadditional seventh grade