Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 12

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth A. Connor, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Yacob Astatke, Morgan State University; Dianna Newman, University at Albany-SUNY; Kathy Ann Gullie Ph.D., University at Albany/SUNY; Mohamed F. Chouikha, Howard University; John Kelly, North Carolina A&T State University; Abdelnasser A. Eldek, Jackson State University; Otsebele E. Nare, Hampton University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

/InstrumentationAs part of project work, members of the leadership team selected two discipline related topics,Voltage Division and Thevenin’s Theorem, as circuit content found in at least one, if notmultiple courses, within each of the 13 collaborating institutions. The students consisted ofundergraduates enrolled in engineering courses; the unique audience represents students enrolledin HBCU colleges. The content or setting of use reflected “Introduction to ElectricalEngineering” (second semester freshmen level course), and other early electrical engineeringcourses. The selection of the two topics was made using the following process. A series ofquestions used in introductory level ECE courses was presented to representatives from all 13institutions at

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronald F. DeMara P.E., University of Central Florida; Damla Turgut, University of Central Florida; Edwin Nassiff, University of Central Florida; Salih Safa Bacanli, University of Central Florida; Neda Hajiakhoond Bidoki, University of Central Florida; Jun Xu, University of Central Florida

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

post-remediationwith instructional processes and events. Through the leveraging of student achievement data,cyber-enabled adaptive team composition, and real-time monitoring to sustain instantaneousmodeling of the learner, it is likely to realize outcomes that are highly-transportable across awide range of STEM disciplines and levels to transform the efficacy of hands-on learning. Forinstance, Beck [20-22], Heffernan [23, 24], Koedinger [25], Salame [26] and others identifytradeoffs in learning outcomes with online formative assessments through immediate feedback,which is useful for allowing for reflection whereby the student use of feedback becomes a toolfor continuous growth [27-29].Related works utilizing dynamically-formed peer cohorts are

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 8

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Yvonne Lanzerotti, Air Force Institute of Technology; Christopher I. Allen, Air Force Research Laboratory; Michael Doroski, U.S. Air Force; Curtis Medve, U.S. Air Force; Michael Seery, U.S. Air Force; P. Len Orlando III, Air Force Research Laboratory; Farid T. Khafizov, University of Texas, Dallas

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

of small size. Results show that astatistically significant improvement was observed in the first course of the two-coursesequence when the Diagnostic and Post-Diagnostic evaluation results were compared.Analysis of the final exam results for one course for Year 2 and Year 3 shows that there isstatistically significant improvement in performance. This change is attributed to the improvedteaching methodology presented in this paper. The views expressed in this document are those of the authorsand do not reflect the official policy or position of the UnitedStates Air Force, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. 2IntroductionFor the United

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander Ganago, University of Michigan; Hongwei Liao

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

entireclass, we award every participant of each survey with 0.1% extra credit on the 100%scale for the course. The maximal number of points that a student can earn viaparticipation in surveys was 1.6% in the Fall 2012; for comparison, the reward for earlysubmission of homework was ~3-fold higher. We believe that extra credit forparticipation is justified, because thoughtful feedback requires reflection on learning andteaching, which in turn stimulates meta-communication and comprehension of the coursematerial. The average amount of extra credit for participation in surveys earned bystudents in the Fall 2012 was 0.86%, while the width of each letter grade bin was 4%(straight scale, no “curve”); thus extra credit points only slightly influenced the

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Xiaorong Zhang, San Francisco State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

equity and accessibility for all. These methods are summarized below.1) Combine synchronous and asynchronous learning options to provide both flexibility for self- paced learning and humanized interactions in the class. [10]–[13]. All the course materials, schedules, and assignments were managed using iLearn. Weekly pre-recorded lectures, usually composed of two or three 30- to 50-minute videos, were posted to iLearn as shown in Figure 2(a). At the end of each video lecture, exercises were added to reflect the topics covered in the video. A shared Google doc was created to collect questions from the students on the video lectures. The weekly video lectures were designed tailored to the weekly lab activities. Students must watch

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 8

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Liang Hong, Tennessee State University; Lee Keel, Tennessee State University; Charles David McCurry, Tennessee State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

assessments are conducted at each course with CPS/IoT infusion. The outcomesand impacts of the course modules are monitored via student surveys as indirect measure andcourse assignment evaluations by instructor as direct measure. The student surveys reflect theiropinions on the course and their learning. Rubrics are developed for each course module onexercises and/or lab exercises, class projects, and independent projects to provide directmeasurements that quantify students’ achievements on the educational objectives presented inthe module outline. Each rubric includes the outcome indicators that align with some of the newABET students learning outcomes “1 through 7” and the levels of achievements for theexperience of CPS/IoT. For each instructional

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Alejandro H. Espera Jr, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Nicole P. Pitterson, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Taylor ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ *Pseudonym assigned by the researchersIt is our intention to include all five participants regardless of the number of open-ended questionsthey were willing to answer. We believe that their selection of questions also revealed the real- 3world scenarios they were able to comfortably discuss. In turn, this would also reflect specificelectric circuit concepts that they perceive to sufficiently know and use in explaining thephenomena.Analysis and FindingsThe transcriptions were organized, coded, and cross-analyzed on Dedoose through multipleiterations of coding. Descriptive and in vivo coding were used for the first cycle, while

Conference Session

Course Transformation in ECE

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Christopher D. Schmitz, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Geoffrey L. Herman, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Timothy Bretl, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

amanner that the grades themselves will reflect the students’ mastery of the learning objectivesand that higher levels of collaboration during study can be encouraged.The second-chance examThe second-chance exam varies in two aspects from the first-try exam. Of the nine questions,typically two of them will pivot upon one learning objective or shift to an entirely differentlearning objective within the material to be assessed. Also, in the second-chance exam, the helpsheet is removed as a crutch. Students are asked to depend upon memory through practice for therecollection of basic circuit formulae. The remaining seven questions continue the samerandomization procedures as in the first-try exam. In the fall of 2019, each midterm exam wasfollowed

Conference Session

Active & Cooperative Learning in ECE

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stewart Thomas, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

learner was greatlyincreased while also increasing the amount of time for in-class problem solving. However in thisstudy it is difficult to isolate the effect of the daily quizzes from the change in number of weeklymeetings or increase of time for in-class problem solving. Further the course evaluation dataremains difficult to interpret. In the 2016, only 51% of students enrolled in the course participatedin the final course evaluations and in 2017, only 35% of students completed the evaluations.Because of these low response rates, it is possible that the reported data in this study does notaccurately reflect general student perceptions of the course. More work is need to isolate theeffects of the daily quiz and to study the effect of the various

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arlen Planting, Boise State University; Sin Ming Loo, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

accommodate changes in the hardware and tools used. The creative portion can be changed every semester to insure that students are exposed to new projects. • Extend the use of the educational development tool Altera Debug Client) to continue challenging students, and delay introduction of more advanced tools (Nios II IDE) until later in the course after ISRs have been introduced.Table 2 reflects the proposed modifications to the Microprocessor lab.Table 2: Microprocessors Lab 2008 Outline Week Topics/Assignment 1 Familiarization with DE2, Nios II, and Debug Client (simplified tutorial) 2 Introduction to memory. (assignment: bubble sort routine) 3 Exploration of address

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education III

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Soonghwan Ro, Kongju University, Rep. of Korea

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

questions, a question reading “Was it helpful for understanding the lecturesto use the DigiCom in the class?” was evaluated in 2007. The mark was 4.35/5 which was higherthan the other questions. However, comparative evaluation was not possible since the questionwas given in 2007 for the first time.5.2. Comparative analysis of the examination papersOf the exam questions given in the 2007 term, the types of the questions which can beconsidered to reflect the effectiveness of the practice, by comparing with those in the previousterms, are as follows. The exam questions below are similar types, but the same questions werenot always given.Table 9. Questions for exam used for analysis Number Question type

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Khalid Al-Olimat, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

PrimaryAs shown in figure 1, any given transformer can be reflected to the primary side or to thesecondary side. Also, the student has the choice of analyzing a given transformer based on theexact model as well as the approximate model. If the approximate model is selected, the studentneeds to specify one model from the list of the approximate models. The list consists of thefollowing approximate models: 1. Shunt branch moved to primary side. 2. Shunt branch moved to secondary side. 3. Shunt branch neglected 4. Both Shunt branch and resistance neglected.The parameters of the given transformer in this module must be inserted as an input values. Inaddition, the load voltage, the turn ratio of the transformer, the rated load in KVA and

Conference Session

Project-Based Learning in ECE Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arif Uluagac; Douglas Williams, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

complicated hardware and software based modules could be built withLabVIEW. In this section, we explain which modules we have built using LabVIEW 8.2 and itstool DSP Module 2. Specifically, we have developed 13 NI-Speedy-33 modules, 2 NXT modules,and 4 software-based modules. We elaborate more on the hardware-based ones utilizing the NI-Speedy-33 to reflect the real-time examples as much as possible. However, most aspects ofsignal processing and DSP classes could be implemented with software-based modules, but theywould be based on non-real-time data.When building hardware-based modules, some of the signal processing concepts such as signalgeneration, FFT, convolution, and filtering can be implemented directly by the students with thefunctions and

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jan Machotka, University of South Australia; Zorica Nedic, University of South Australia; Andrew Nafalski, University of South Australia; Ozdemir Gol, University of South Australia

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

reports ≠ Assessment ≠ Evaluation and reflectionCollaboration among students can be encouraged during preparation, conduct and analysis ofexperiments, where students are asked to work in teams. This can be implemented for peer assessment, Page 14.98.4evaluation and reflection as well. Findings from our survey provide some information about studentcollaboration before, during and after the practical experiment.Remote laboratoryA remote laboratory (RL) allows a real physical system set in a laboratory to be remotely controlled from acomputer via the Internet using virtual instruments. The system also enables experimental data to becollected and

Conference Session

Pedagogy and Assessment III

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tokunbo Ogunfunmi, Santa Clara University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

accumulate the results over time so that the statisticalanalysis of the results will become better reflective of the sample space, the student population atSanta Clara University.Finally, we have used the results to recommend alternate pedagogical methods for presenting thematerial in the Linear Systems course.In future work, we will analyze the SSCI DT Test results and compare with those of the SSCICT Tests in prior course. We will also track the performance of the students from the CT courseto the DT course.In summary, we met the goals of our study:(1) To determine how much conceptual understanding the students have developed by the end ofthe class (compared to the beginning of the class).(2) To correlate the performance on the end-of-term exam

Conference Session

Laboratory Development in ECE Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dietmar Moeller, University of Hamburg; Hamid Vakilzadian, University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

student surveys show that this courseis more versatile than physical implementation type courses because it permits architecturalstudies for optimized implementations, performance and delay analyses, and hardware andsoftware partitioning easily.AcknowledgementThis work supported in part by the National Science Foundation, Directorate for Educationand Human Resources (EHR), Division of Undergraduate Education (DUE) under GrantNumber CCLI-0737530. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendationsexpressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of theational Science Foundation. Fig. 10: Virtual prototyping through VHDL code – part 2

Conference Session

ECE Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ravel Ammerman, Colorado School of Mines; Pankaj Sen, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

graduates by local, regional and national industry. This is reflected by an increased demand for our power engineering graduates (multiple job offers and higher salary) and positive feedback from both our students and their employers. • Student ratings of the CSM instructors in power area are significantly above our division and university average. • Greater enthusiasm and interest in our power program from our student body. This is evidenced by the increased number of higher quality students enrolling in senior (optional) power elective courses. (Average of almost 20 students/year) • Students’ frustrations with laboratory work have been relieved to a large degree by our lab procedures and lab coordination

Conference Session

New trends in ECE education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ravel Ammerman, Colorado School of Mines; Pankaj Sen, Colorado School of Mines; Michael Stewart, North Dakota State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

reflecting on theexperiences of others. Much of the curriculum we developed for use in the Field Sessionfeatures the use of electrical incident case studies. These real life stories generally have tragicoutcomes. The case studies are compelling, providing a graphic reminder about theconsequences of not following fundamental safety practices. Students can learn many valuablelessons about how to conduct themselves safely in an electrical environment by listening to thesevisceral stories. In addition, this is a practical way to have students observe a number of variedelectrical incidents during a one-week course module. While there are many resources availablefor obtaining electrical incident case studies, we have chosen to use examples that are posted

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 9

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bridget Benson, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Fred W. DePiero, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

loved the studio style setup. It helped me learn the material a lot easier than my friends in other classes. The labs we had were reflective of the material and had a point to them, while my friends in other style setups had pointless labs and didn't understand the material as well as I did. 11/10 would take this style of class again.” “The studio class was effective because immediately after we had lecture we would apply it in lab. Also, if lectures ever ended early, we would have more lab time and vice versa. I would want to take another studio EE class again.”Figure 3 reports average comments about retention. Students were posed the same statement intwo different ways to remove the potential bias from

Conference Session

Capstone, Undergraduate Research, and Projects in ECE

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ying Lin, Western Washington University; Steve Sandelin

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

2019 Class 6 5 4Mean 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Questions #1 to #10Figure 7: Student Responses Comparison between 2018 Class and 2019 ClassAssessment Results:Based on the survey results presented in Table 7 and Figure 7, we have made a few keyobservations:  Most students felt that the course project was a valuable experience.  Majority concurred that the course project helped their understanding of the RC circuit responses and the 555 timer. However, a few students from the 2019 class noted that they would hope to have more lecture time to cover the 555 timer functionalities, as reflected

Conference Session

New ECE Laboratories

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Pelin Kurtay, George Mason University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, the amount of solder used for each connection,neatness and shape and the visual inspection of potential cold solder joints, among otherconsiderations. Although many students had soldered before, the training was an opportunity torefresh and refine these skills. All students who had prior soldering experience indicated theybenefited from the training.Lessons Learned by StudentsAs part of the project experience, one requirement was to talk about and submit a summary oflessons learned after the demonstration session. This gave each person in the class an opportunityto reflect on their experience to critically evaluate what they would be doing differently the nexttime they designed a board. Much of the feedback received indicated that students

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nader Rafla, Boise State University; H. Shelton Jacinto, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

in teams sped up students’ learning pro- 87% 92% cess – Finding a common time is a major factor. (6) Students utilized recitation sessions – Time con- 50% 50% flict was a factor. (7) Students thought the presence of the teacher assis- 73% 86% tants were helpful – This was adequate resources.with an 85% agreeance rate for the first language taught, then a sharp decrease to a 45% agreeancerate for the second language taught. Another reason for the drop in agreeance for item 3 could bethe inclusion of some intensive in-class lectures given for the second language to help get studentsup-to-speed quicker than for the beginning of the class. Item 4 reflects

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Safeer M. Khan P.E., Arkansas Tech University; Nansong Wu, Arkansas Tech University; Mohamed Ibrahim, Arkansas Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

-efficacy measures were used to measure self-efficacy in engineering courses but only a few werein line with Bandura's definition and his guidelines [17]. Some of the studies also had conceptualand practical shortcomings as the developed measures reflected on general self-confidence and didnot address the concept of self-efficacy. As highlighted in [18], historically developed measuresalso do not adequately cover the engineering domain and therefore may not accurately predictacademic achievement. To date, to the best of our knowledge no study has examined themeasurement of self-efficacy in engineering modeling and design courses. Considering thatengineering modeling and design are key skills and are essential to the success of future engineersas

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stewart J. Thomas, Valparaiso University; Mark M. Budnik, Valparaiso University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

through a flipped classroom approach. This result is seeminglycounterintuitive, especially given that the first-year faculty member had no prior exposure toflipped classroom model. Below we suggest a few possible explanations that could explain ourresults.In the faculty member’s reflection of the flipped classroom experience, it was noted that thispedagogical model more resembled that of a lab similar to one where a first year faculty memberhas just emerged from a multi-year research project. In many research labs it is common forsenior students to mentor and train the junior lab members. In that sense, working with smallergroups during instruction time did not seem foreign to the faculty member and put both thefaculty and students more at

Conference Session

ECE Division Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachana Ashok Gupta, North Carolina State University; Greg A. Dunko

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

answers questions. 30% Project How well the schedule and the budget are managed with remaining time, tasks and Planning & resources. Are the tasks done in a reasonable time or last minute? Are the task’s management dependencies, priorities, critical path, issues, risks, delays, and issues managed well and reflected in the task planning? A recovery plan is in place in case of delays task 30% reshuffling and rescheduling? Technical Individual technical contribution towards the project on a regular basis. All team Contribution members have well-thought-out solutions for technical issues and they are resolved in timely manner. Technical achievements are tested and verified

Conference Session

Circuits & Systems Education I

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicole P. Pitterson, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon; Ruth A. Streveler, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

learningexperiences planned so as to achieve this desired knowledge? [32]. The key to course design is thedetermination of the enduring outcome for the course. In other words, what is the set of keyoutcomes one would like for their students to have possessed at the end of the learningexperience or even years after they have exited the learning process? For example, in theintroductory circuit course used for study three it was evident that students were expected tohave developed a certain level of engineering problem solving skills that could be translated toother complex learning experiences. The emphasis on working problems in the class or the use oflearning activities meant to provide more class time for working problems were also reflected instudies two

Conference Session

Innovations in Communications and Wireless Systems Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wayne A Scales, Virginia Tech; J Michael Ruohoniemi; Geoff Crowley

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, multipath reflections, antenna characteristics, and interference signals.They can also run scenarios for many different kinds of tests, with full control of all aspects ofthe GNSS operating environment. At Virginia Tech., hardware signal simulators produced bySpirent Communications are currently being used for developing raw data streams for the coursedescribed here. They allow for various scenarios of vehicles as well as atmospheric andpropagation effects on the GNSS constellations (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou). AGNSS simulator is combined with a spectrum analyzer to demonstrate the spread spectrumconcept in addition to the signal structures for different GNSS systems. Students can control thecontent and characteristics of the GNSS

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Curriculum Design and Evaluation

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cory J. Prust, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Richard W. Kelnhofer, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Joerg Mossbrucker, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Kerry R Widder, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Hue V. Tran P.E., Milwaukee School of Engineering; Stephen M. Williams P.E., Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

courses and their additional effort was reflected in anupward shift in grades as compared to the preceding course. We speculate that this increase isdue to the increased engagement and ownership that students take in designing and building theirown robot. The student’s clearly know ahead of time that meeting milestones will result inhigher grades. All of the milestones are published on the first day of class, and one couldspeculate that a student content with a “B” or “C” would produce only the required effort for thatgrade. However, this is not the case. Students, on the average, expend greater time and effort.Perhaps, EE2930 is the first class in the program that has an open-ended problem, with no single,pre-determined solution. Therefore, the

Conference Session

Innovations in Communications and Wireless Systems Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard J. Hartnett P.E., U.S. Coast Guard Academy; Kelly Charles Seals P.E., U.S. Coast Guard Academy; Paul Benjamin Crilly, U.S. Coast Guard Academy

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

reasonableestimate), 2DRMS error circles of between 6 and 12 meters are produced.Using m-files our students have produced for their GPS position solutions, we ask themto think about using a GPS receiver to try to find a restaurant in a large city such as NewYork, NY, where the only satellites visible would be perhaps only the ones directlyoverhead. At that point they begin calculating HDOP for satellites whose elevationangles are above 85 degrees. They quickly realize that even small errors (due to noise, orperhaps multipath reflections off buildings), translate to relatively large horizontaldistances (e.g. 500-700 meters), so they might actually be better off asking for directionsrather than depending on their GPS receiver inside their cellular telephone

Conference Session

Circuits and Systems Education 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katie Evans, Louisiana Tech University; Paul Hummel, Louisiana Tech University; Miguel Gates

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

0.783 for Section 002.This is likely due to the makeup of students in each section and the time difference betweenwhen the two sections met for class. The lower performing section was the earlier 8 AM classwhen more students were apt to miss class, show up late, and be less engaged during the classlectures. The importance of the difference between the two sections is reflected in the unevendistribution of homework assignments. The section that performed better was assessed twicewith paper homework while the section that performed worse was assessed twice withWeBWorK homework. This would indicate the difference between paper-based homework andWeBWorK-based homework may be larger than directly indicated by the score averages weobtained. If only