Conference Session

ECE Pedagogy and Assessment

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joni Spurlin, North Carolina State University; Hatice Ozturk, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Assessing the connectivity of an Electrical and Computer Engineering Curriculum AbstractProgram level assessment is done by combining the contributions from several units within theprogram at designated time intervals. Course level assessment is one of those units and is usuallydone within a course using tests, homework, projects, presentations etc. without looking at theconnected courses and their learning outcomes. Although course level assessment uses most ofthe resources under assessment and is considered an essential feedback path in making thecurricular changes, very little effort has been devoted to reliable measures of student learning asthey go through a sequence

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 11

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dick Blandford, University of Evansville; Christopher Miller, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

of required software does not tell the whole story for computer engineering. Acomputer engineering degree is not an electrical engineering degree with a minor in computerscience. There are differences in the hardware courses and the courses that mix hardware andsoftware between electrical and computer engineering. Likewise, many programs teachhardware and software to computer engineering students by way of laboratory projects andexperiments. We have made no attempt to distinguish computer engineering courses in this areaand we leave this to future studies.References1. http://www.abet.org/ABET2. "Computer Engineering Curricula 2016" was issued by the Joint Task Group on Computer Engineering Curricula from the Association for Computing

Conference Session

New ECE Laboratories

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mark William Thoren, Analog Devices Inc.; Taufik Taufik, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

intimidating to the novice, and the tangible experience of building andmeasuring circuits, early in a student’s academic career, can make the difference between thestudent pursuing further study in electrical engineering vs. other subjects.References[1]. “Engineering University Program” https://wiki.analog.com/university[2]. “Free and Open-Source Software—An Analog Devices Perspective” https://www.analog.com/en/analog-dialogue/articles/free-and-open-source-software.html[3]. Taufik, “Power Electronic Courses That Work”, Proceedings of the 2006 ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, 2006.[4]. Taufik, “Work in Progress - Improving Learning Using Industry Supported Project in Power Electronics Course”, Proceedings of the 2007 ASEE/IEEE

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nikitha Sambamurthy, zyBooks; Alex Daniel Edgcomb, zyBooks

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Students.Arizona State University, 2014.[27] Bledsoe, K. E. How do engineering students develop and reason with concepts of electricitywithin a project-based course?. Oregon State University, 2007.[28] Timmermann, D., and Kautz, C. Student understanding of open switches and open circuits:What do we (not) know?. In Proceedings of the Research in Engineering Education Symposium,Dublin, Ireland, accepted for publication on April 14th, 2015.[29] Kautz, C. H. Probing student understanding of basic concepts in introductory electricalengineering courses. In Proceedings of the 2008 SEFI Conference, July, 2008.[30] Peşman, H., and Eryilmaz, A. Development of a Three-Tier Test to Assess MisconceptionsAbout Simple Electric Circuits. The Journal of Educational

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sara Kaye Jones, Iowa State University; Mani Mina, Iowa State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

propose a Fundamental Learning Integration Platform (FLIP) which creates aphysical connection between the conceptual and practical engineering concepts throughout anentire 4-year Mechanical Engineering curriculum [10]. Students were made explicitly aware ofhow each concept from their courses fits into the bigger picture through an end of semesterproject that revolved around a specific aspect of the steam engine. This concept is difficult toapply to Electrical Engineering because of the wide variety of specializations offered within themajor. While connections between areas are plentiful, creating a singular project that faculty ofall specializations will deem sufficiently applicable would be nigh impossible.Alnajjar proposes “Integrative Learning

Conference Session

New ECE laboratories

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jiahui Song, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Douglas Eric Dow, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Lili Ma, New York City College of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

-based and Project-based Learning inEngineering and Medicine: Determinants of Students’ Engagement and Persistance. Interdisciplinary Journal ofProblem-Based Learning, 6(2), 2012.

Conference Session

ECE Division Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noah Salzman, Boise State University; Kurtis D. Cantley, Boise State University; Gary L. Hunt, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

mastery grading,this course would likely have one or two midterm exams and a cumulative final exam, inaddition to homework and possibly a small project. Often, 50% or more of a student’s gradewould be determined by the exams only. Illness, lack of sleep, or loss of study time due toexternal factors can often be detrimental to student performance. This traditional structure alsoprovides no motivating factors for a student to revisit the most critical topics after poorperformance on an exam. They will simply move on in their studies to the current topic, withoutmuch consideration that many of the concepts build on some previously established foundation.The mastery-based grading structure forces them to eventually demonstrate understanding of

Conference Session

Circuits & Systems Education I

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudio Talarico, Gonzaga University; George D. Ricco, Gonzaga University; Rick M. Cox, Gonzaga University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

online resources were very helpful for learning and studying for tests”.As we move on with the project, we plan to keep integrating the supplemental material on theweb page, and systematically collect data to help in quantifying how the approach impactsstudents’ success.Bibliography[1] Y. Tsividis, “Teaching Circuits and Electronics to First-year Students,” Proceedings of the IEEE InternationalSymposium on Circuits and Systems, 1998, pp.424-427[2] R.D. Middlebrook, “Analog Design Needs a Change in Perspective.” Electronic Engineering Times. October 7 th,1991. pp. T5.[3] R. Howe and C. Sodini, Microelectronics. An Integrated Approach, 1997. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River,New Jersey.    [4] B. Razavi, Fundamentals of Microelectronics. 2nd

Conference Session

Circuits and Systems Education 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yoon G. Kim, Calvin College

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

with a higher output power range. Page 26.466.14References1. NASA, “SM2A-03-BLOCK II-(1) Apollo Operations Handbook (2.6 Electrical Power System),” http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/ApolloProjectOnline/Documents/SMA2A-03- BLOCK%20II%20Volume%201%2019691015/aoh-v1-2-06-eps.pdf2. A. Rubaai, “Teaching Power Electronics Converter Experiments that Integrates Fuzzy Logic Approach,” Proc. 2011 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, 20113. R. Belu, “A Project-based Power Electronics Course with an Increased Content of Renewable-energy Applications”, Proc. 2009 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, 20094. W. Thain, “A Laboratory

Conference Session

Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Digital Systems Education 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bryan A. Jones, Mississippi State University; Jane Nicholson Moorhead, Mississippi State University; M. Jean Mohammadi-Aragh, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

the Verilog HDL,” Pearson, 576p., 5th ed., Jan. 2012.15 Hwang, E. O., “Digital Logic and Microprocessor Design with VHDL,” Thompson, 608 p., 2006.16 Wakerly, J., “Digital Design: Principles and Practices,” 4th ed., Pearson Education, 895 p., 2005.17 Vahid, F., “Digital Design with RTL Design, VHDL, and Verilog”, 2nd ed., Wiley, 592 p., 2010.18 Erdogmus, Hakan; Morisio, Torchiano. "On the Effectiveness of Test-first Approach to Programming." Proceedingsof the IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 31(1). January 2005.19 http://www.agilesoc.com/open-source-projects/svunit/, retrieved 31-Jan-2015.20 Vahid, F., “Digital Design with RTL Design, VHDL, and Verilog”, 2nd ed., Wiley, 592 p., 2010

Conference Session

Computer Science, Computer Engineering, and Digital Systems Education 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Austin Whipple, Bishop Fox; Keith B Smith, Brigham Young University; Dale C Rowe, Brigham Young University; Samuel Moses, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

continue to grow. InfoSecpositions are projected to grow 37 percent, and it is growing much faster than averageoccupations 6.To compound the problem, there is consensus among government officials, the private sector,and educators that there is a massive shortage of skilled cyber-security professionals7–10.This document proposes a fully-implementable program that addresses the growing need forcyber-security professionals. Research begins with identification of common roadblocks toimplementing a cyber-security program. Next, this document discusses solutions to theseobstacles. Finally, a detailed description of the program implemented at Brigham YoungUniversity is given, along with the results that have come from successful implementation. Thiswork

Conference Session

First-Year Issues in ECE Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Girma Tewolde, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

lab partners and present a specific application (existing or new) for a robotic like system. Think outside the box to consider all kinds of robotic systems (such as mobile, stationary, walking, flying, driving, humanoid, etc.). If you choose existing system or application, discuss innovative ways of improving it.Module 5: The last module serves as a final project. It first introduces the students to the basicconcepts of communication, with a specific emphasis on Bluetooth wireless communication.With advancements in technology students are already familiar with mobile technologies and theavailable communication options such as 4G-LTE, WiFi, and Bluetooth. After a quickintroduction to these techniques the students

Conference Session

Curricular Advancements in ECE

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Petronella A. James-Okeke, Morgan State University; Jumoke Oluwakemi Ladeji-Osias, Morgan State University; Craig J. Scott, Morgan State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

://www.abet.org/wp- content/uploads/2018/03/C3_C5_mapping_SEC_1-13-2018.pdf. [Accessed 31 JAN 2019].[12] ABET, "ANSAC Matrix for General Criteria 3 & 5," 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.abet.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ANSAC-Matrix-Proposed-Criteria-3_5_July- 13_-2017-002.pdf. [Accessed 31 JAN 2019].[13] K. Imhoff, "Associate Director, Assessment & Retention Projects," in ABET Symposium , San Diego, 2018.

Conference Session

Digital Communications Systems

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bruce Dunne, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, Portland, Oregon.6. D. Silage, "Augmenting Hardware Experiments with Simulation in Digital Communications," Proceedings of the 2003 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Nashville, Tennessee.7. Internet URL http://www.qpsk.com/8. K.A. Kramer and D.R. Maxwell, "Projects with Applications to Wireless Communications - An Innovative Approach to the Digital Design Course," Proceedings of the 2004 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Salt Lake City, Utah.9. J.Z. Zhang, K. Burbank and R. Adams, "A Systems Approach to Teaching "Introduction to Electronic Communications" for ECET Students," Proceedings of the 2004 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Salt Lake City, Utah.10. R.P. Ramachandran, L.M. Head, S.A. Mandayam, J.L

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Steffen, Iowa State University; Joseph Zambreno, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

discussion of planned future work.II. Related ApplicationsMindstorms4 are a LEGO-based construction kit that allows for students to build and programsimple robots. LEGO Mindstorms is targeted for kids aged ten years and older, and supportsmultiple programming languages from conventional text-based to graphical flow charts. A widerange of motors and sensors are available, allowing for a large variety of projects and codingchallenges.Alice 3D1 is a programming environment that allows students to create 3D applications. Studentscan use Alice 3D to tell stories, create games and produce movies. Programming in Alice 3D usesa graphical interface, where students drag-and-drop instructions, objects and actions into theirapplication scene. By using a

Conference Session

Integration of Research and Education in ECE

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aharon Gero, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Wishah Zoabi, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology; Nissim Sabag, Ort Braude College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

outstanding member of the academic staff (2004-2010), and is Program Manager of interdisciplinary programs (more than $20 million), ELBIT computers, Israel (1983-1989). His academic activity comprises EEE as well as technology education, particularly project-based learning. Recent Publications: ”Methodology of Change Assimilation in Tech- nology Education Case Study,” (with Dupelt) IEEE Transactions on Education, accepted for publication 2011. ”Engineering Thinking: The Experts’ Perspective,” (with Waks, Trotskovsky, & Hazan) Interna- tional Journal of Engineering Education. (2011). His academic education includes a B.Sc.E.E (1982), Second B.Sc. (1995), M.Sc. (1998), and Ph.D. (2002) in technology and science education

Conference Session

Pedagogy and Assessment in ECE II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Van Arsdale, Michigan Technological University; Anna Pereira, Michigan Technological University; Leonard Bohmann, Michigan Technological University; Michele Miller, Michigan Technological University; William Helton, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

students participated in any one activity. Page 15.1365.5The analysis does show that the higher their academic skills and self-confidence level, thebetter their performance in the lab.That being said, it does not necessarily mean that having specific attitudes (or not havingspecific attitudes) will affect the lab score. It just means that those with a higher labscore did (or did not) have these specific attitudes.Future WorkThe next steps in this project are to try to develop principle factors for the two surveys. Itis hoped that this will give higher magnitude correlations. Then regressions can becalculated to model performance to past experience and

Conference Session

New Developments in Teaching Electromagnetics and Related Topics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Michael Petersen, Grand Valley State University, Graduate School of Engineering; Bogdan Adamczyk, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

AC 2011-967: LABORATORY DRIVEN EMC EDUCATION - DESIGN OFA POWER SUPPLYThomas Michael Petersen, Grand Valley State University Graduate School of Engineering Thomas Petersen received his M.S.E. degree with an emphasis in electrical engineering from Grand Valley State University in 2010 and his M.B.A. degree from the University of Notre Dame in 1991. He is currently a consultant to the electric power generation industry. As a recent graduate student his electrical interests include electromagnetic compatibility, and his business interests include project management, quality management, and process optimization.Bogdan Adamczyk, Grand Valley State University Dr. Adamczyk has developed EMC laboratory at GVSU to support EM

Conference Session

Software and Web-based Learning in ECE

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anahita Zarei, University of the Pacific; Jinzhu Gao, University of the Pacific; Jason Roy Ortiz; Alan Joe

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, 2nd ed. Wiley, May 2004.[11] Smith, P.R., and D. Pollard, “The Role of Computer Simulations in Engineering Education,”Computer Education, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 335–340, 1986[12] R. Pimmel, B. Anderegg, S. Burkett, B. Watford, and C. Della-Piana, “Evaluation of educationaldevelopment projects,” 2006. Page 25.84.12

Conference Session

Innovative Instructional Strategies and Curricula in ECE II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Santucci, Arizona State University; Andreas S. Spanias, Arizona State University, ECEE, SenSIP Center

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

severaldesign tradeoffs using simple block diagram simulations in J-DSP4,5,6 that expose undergraduatestudents to the concepts without having to cover the advanced hardware and algorithmiccomplexity of these designs. In presenting these mixed-signal examples, we demonstrate theinterdependence between three generally separate senior-level courses: radio-frequency (RF)circuit design, DSP, and communications. This exposes students to the cross disciplinarytradeoffs that must be made over the course of a large design project. After completing thetutorials, students will be given an assessment to determine and justify tradeoffs in an initialsystem design. Below we give an introduction to the utility and applications of RF poweramplifiers (PAs), and then we

Conference Session

ABET Accreditation, Assessment, and Program Improvement in ECE

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Zahorian, State University of New York, Binghamton; Douglas H. Summerville, Binghamton University; Scott Craver, Department of Electrical Engineering, Binghamton University; Michael Elmore P.E., Binghamton University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Criteria by Instructor Page 22.128.3 1. Evaluation of performance on specific learning tasks (e.g., exam/quiz problems, project reports, presentations) that focus on the explicit Performance Criteria assigned to the course 2. Supported by Collected Work B. Instructor’s qualitative evaluation of student preparation for course C. Instructor’s qualitative evaluation of the class’s achievement of Performance Criteria and Course Objectives, and suggestions for improvements D. Comments from the Undergraduate Studies Committee responding to instructor’s evaluation and providing feedback from the

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rania Hussein, University of Washington; Denise Wilson, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

decisions and critique the accuracy of the information. Students who evaluate well can provide reflections on approaches taken to solve a problem and demonstrate their ability to assess underlying concepts in the process of choosing the best among multiple alternative solutions. ● Create: putting elements together to produce a new pattern or original work. In engineering, the previous levels of the taxonomy culminate to the design of a component or system that invokes all previous levels of the taxonomy. Such efforts to create are often stimulated in capstone design classes but can also be invoked in smaller projects in lower- level courses.Promoting the integration, design, and evaluation capabilities of students is

Conference Session

ECE Curriculum Innovations

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Godfrey, U.S. Coast Guard Academy; Joseph Staier, U.S. Coast Guard Academy

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

criticalthinking, writing and oral presentation skills. With these skills, the students will be able to makemore informed decisions on how to appropriately apply technology.Now in its third semester, the course has obtained overwhelmingly positive feedback. This paperwill review the impetus for the change, an overview of the new course material, a summary ofthe students’ feedback and the assessment methods. It will discuss the lesson plans, laboratoryexercises and projects developed to teach this material.IntroductionUpon graduation from the United States Coast Guard Academy (USCGA), each graduatereceives a commission as an Ensign in the Coast Guard and a Bachelors of Science in one ofeight fields, four engineering majors: Civil; Electrical; Mechanical

Conference Session

Improvements in ECE Circuit Analysis

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alejandro H. Espera Jr, Virginia Tech; Nicole P. Pitterson, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

] Conference advanced students in the class complained that there were in the lab too many simple circuits that focused on Ohm’s law and they wanted to do some actual design of electronics. A design project would be a valuable addition to the class in

Conference Session

Circuits and Systems Education 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicole P Pitterson, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Ruth A. Streveler, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

standardized performance on the tests. Students alsoEnabled active John Sciences, of the TEAL project on tests, multiple reported an appreciation for thelearning affect 2009 students' cognitive and choice and learning experience and that theirundergraduate affective outcomes. Students' open ended understanding was significantlystudents' conceptual understanding items impacted by the innovative approachunderstanding of

Conference Session

Insights for Teaching ECE Courses

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Laura K. Alford, University of Michigan; Amir Kamil, University of Michigan; Andrew Deorio, University of Michigan

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Paper ID #28931Student Sense of Community Through an Introductory Computer Program-mingCourse SequenceDr. Laura K Alford, University of Michigan Laura K. Alford is a Lecturer and Research Investigator at the University of Michigan. She researches ways to use data-informed analysis of students’ performance and perceptions of classroom environment to support DEI-based curricula improvements.Dr. Amir Kamil, University of MichiganDr. Andrew DeOrio, University of Michigan awdeorio@umich.edu contact Andrew DeOrio is a teaching faculty member at the University of Michigan and a consultant for web and machine learning projects

Conference Session

Electrical & Computer Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Engelken

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Engineering courses taught through the author‟sprogram, the College of Engineering has an Engineering Internship course that facilitates coursecredit for real world, off-campus experience with employers. Although rarely an avenue forpure/basic research, it does support applied research and development activities of undergraduatesunder the supervision of engineering personnel at regional industries.Research can also be tied to the Honors Program at the author‟s institution through HonorsSenior Thesis courses in which students, directed by an advisor and a committee which alsoincludes the Director of the Honors Program, define and conduct a high-level research, scholarly,or creative/artistic project, and complete and defend a comprehensive thesis over

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Poster Session

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Wesley G. Lawson, University of Maryland College Park; Jennifer L. Kouo, Towson University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

, Towson University Jennifer L. Kouo, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Special Education at Towson University in Maryland. Dr. Kouo received her PhD in Special Education with an emphasis in severe disabilities and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from the University of Maryland at College Park. She is passionate about both instructional and assistive technology, as well as Universal Design for Learning (UDL), and utilizing inclusive practices to support all students. Dr. Kouo is currently engaged in multiple research projects that involve multidisciplinary collaborations in the field of engineering, medicine, and education, as well as research on teacher preparation and the conducting of evidence-based

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Yang Victoria Shao, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; Zuofu Cheng

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Education Conference (EDUCON), Marrakech, Morocco, 2012, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/EDUCON.2012.6201178.[10] J. R. Whinnery, "The teaching of electromagnetics," in IEEE Transactions on Education, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 3-7, Feb. 1990, doi: 10.1109/13.53622.[11] Microsoft Excel. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/excel[12] Wolfram Mathematica. https://www.wolfram.com/mathematica/[13] LTspice: a high performance SPICE simulation software.https://www.analog.com/en/design-center/design-tools-and-calculators/ltspice-simulator.html[14] ECE 329 class projects website. https://wiki.illinois.edu/wiki/display/ECE329YS/ECE+329+Field+and+Wave+I+Class+Proj ects+Home

Conference Session

Innovations in ECE Education II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Khalid Al-Olimat, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

; Education, 40, pp183-191, 2003.[3] R. A. Bartsch & K. M. Cobern, “Effectiveness of PowerPoint presentations in lectures,” Computer & Education, 41, pp 77-86, 2003.[4] S. M. Butzin, “Using instructional technology in transformed learning environments: An evaluation of project child,” Journal of Research in Computing Education, 33(4), pp 367-384, 2000.[5] M. H. Hopson, R. L. Simms & G. A. Knezek, “Using a technologically enriched environment to improve higher-order thinking skills,” Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 34(2), pp 109-119, 2002.[6] S. T. Marina, “Facing the challenges, getting the right way with distance learning,” Ed at a Distance, 15(30), pp 1-8, 2001.[7] R. A. Reiser, “A