Conference Session

Engineering Libraries Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacob Preston Moore, Pennsylvania State University, Mont Alto; Thomas L. Reinsfelder, Pennsylvania State University, Mont Alto

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

havebeen released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use and repurposing byothers. OER include full courses, course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests,software, and any other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to knowledge.” [1].When compared to traditionally published content, OER can have several advantages. First andforemost to many students, OER are free to access digitally or available at a low cost if offeredas a physical copy. The College Board advises that students budget between $1220 and $1420 ayear for books and supplies during the 2017-2018 academic year [2], and the cost of collegetextbooks has been rising at a rate that far exceeds the rate of inflation for decades

Conference Session

Improving and Understanding Engineering Collections and Publication

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Susan B. Wainscott, University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Richard J. Zwiercan, University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Standard (definitions of words, phrases, or othersymbology), and Test Method (actionable steps that lead to a specified result) [1]. Thisdemonstrates the wide variety of topics that are addressed by standards documents. Standardsstarted as consensus on units of weights and measures, but today standards are used in a widevariety of professions to ensure the safety of products and materials as well as the reliability ofgoods and services [2]. Due to the potential utility of this information format, academic librariesoften provide some standards to their patrons.Given the vast array of topics addressed by standards, students engaged in research or otherdesign projects in a variety of disciplines may have a need to identify and obtain full

Conference Session

Engineering Librarian Collaborations in the Library, On Campus, and Beyond

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Marian G. Armour-Gemmen, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

and less physical. However, as these aspects of a library change, so toodoes the clientele that is interested in using the variety of services these modern libraries provide.In today’s library, a major issue is that of finding a user base, drawing their interest, and servingtheir needs in a way that is pleasant and creates repeat clients. Outreach is a major part of thisissue, but even more important than that is finding resources that the clients will find user-friendly and practical.Serving the innovation communityHoward, Zwicky, and Phillips [1] described their work with classes, library guides, and teamconsultations, all of which provided both engineering library information and businessinformation. They also worked in conjunction with

Conference Session

Improving and Understanding Engineering Collections and Publication

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

James Sobczak, University of Miami; Buenaventura Basco, University of Central Florida

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

research outputs within the state of Florida, identify potential areas ofregional/geographic collaboration, and develop meaningful library-related services/resources tobetter assist these engineering researchers and faculty.introductionScientometrics, as part of the larger work of bibliometrics, has been a long-standing tool forevaluating the scientific rigor, impact, and trends of scientific output at major academic andresearch institutions. By looking at the popularity and frequency of subject terms and journal titlesin which researchers publish, it is possible to get a clearer overview of how researchers bothspecialize and collaborate within their field and subject area [1]. Keyword analysis, which drawson similar metadata retrieval and

Conference Session

Opening Up: Data, Open Access, and Open Educational Resources

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Leena N. Lalwani, University of Michigan; Paul F. Grochowski, University of Michigan; Jamie M. Niehof, University of Michigan; Craig E. Smith, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

follow up to thesurvey, the librarians met with two focus groups who provided more qualitativeinformation on student use of eTextbooks. Survey and focus group results may informnot only changes to the service of providing eTextbooks, but also can be shared withpublishers to potentially inform improvements to ebook platforms. This paper reports onthe results of the survey and focus group and implications for the future.IntroductionIn the early 2000s, ebooks became available to academic libraries [1] and the wider world. TheUniversity of Michigan Library subscribed to a package of Netlibrary ebooks in the year 2000,and has continued providing and increasing access to ebooks over the ensuing 20 years. Thisemphasis on collecting in ebook format led

Conference Session

Assessing, Expanding, and Innovating Information Literacy

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

S. Norma Godavari, University of Manitoba; Anne E. Parker, University of Manitoba

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

current study on lifelong learning and information literacy has grown out of this work as well as earlier work she conducted with Norma Godavari. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Lifelong Learning in an Engineering Communication Course1.0 Introduction and Objectives The Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) has defined lifelong learning asa student’s “ability to identify and to address their own educational needs in a changing world inways sufficient to maintain their competence and to allow them to contribute to the advancementof knowledge“ [1]. ABET, through the Washington Accord, sets the standards for programsaround the world including Canada to ensure a

Conference Session

Engineering Librarian Collaborations in the Library, On Campus, and Beyond

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cari Kaurloto, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

desire to properly address these challenges in my new work environment, I lookedfor frameworks to help organize thoughts, plans, and goals in order to be solutions oriented andforward thinking. Solution-focused therapy, while primarily applied in the field of psychology,has also been applied to organizational studies and workplace culture as it emphasizes coaching,finding cooperation, feedback, conflict resolution, and situation management [1]. Thisframework provided a method to rank problems, identify factors outside of my or my unit’scontrol, and craft solutions [2]. This model was originally appealing because it provided aframework for discussing these problems with my entire unit; by emphasizing solutions,cooperation, and feedback, the

Conference Session

Professional Issues and Opportunities for Engineering Librarians

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Michael Fosmire, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

courses in a curriculum contributeto and assess that student outcome. While information is explicitly mentioned in the studentoutcome, it appears to frequently be marginalized in the actual assessments used byMETdepartments. Implications for librarian engagement with mechanical engineeringtechnology programs and sources are discussed.IntroductionOne way librarians can make the case for information literacy in engineering and engineeringtechnology disciplines is to tie their work into student outcomes specified for ABETaccreditation. For engineering accredited programs (EAC), there is not a direct link toinformation literacy. Rather, librarians have traditionally linked information literacy to lifelonglearning, although Riley [1] and Sapp and

Conference Session

Assessing, Expanding, and Innovating Information Literacy

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Erin Rowley, University at Buffalo; Lauren Kuryloski, University at Buffalo; Kristen Moore, University at Buffalo

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Communication. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Extending the Role of the Library and Librarian: Integrating Alternative Information Literacy into the Engineering CurriculumAbstractBoth in coursework and in their future careers, engineering students may work with manydifferent types of information sources beyond books and journal articles, including patents,standards, and technical reports [1]. Despite this shift, which broadens information literacy [2],many undergraduate communication courses continue to narrowly define information sources,prompting students to use bibliographic databases but completely omitting other importantdatabases that can provide students with meaningful and applicable

Conference Session

Improving and Understanding Engineering Collections and Publication

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Qianjin Zhang, University of Iowa

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

in the spring semester of 2019.The campus-wide collection cancellation project makes us rethink current practices for collectionmanagement, especially the pruning practice which is primarily based on the cost-per-use model.According to Kendrick, the cost-per-use model fails to account for variability of the usage pattern,consequently overvaluing journal subscriptions [1]. Beyond the limitation of the cost-per-use model,there are four main challenges around collection management. First, we engineering librarians havemany responsibilities besides collection management including instruction, reference, public servicesand outreach. Second, we spend increasing expenditures on “big deal” journal packages to which ourlibraries subscribe and have

Conference Session

Engineering Librarian Collaborations in the Library, On Campus, and Beyond

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kelly Giles, James Madison University Libraries; Elizabeth Price, James Madison University Libraries

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

acknowledgements that effective support for campusentrepreneurship often requires collaboration between business librarians and engineering orother science librarians. Business librarians typically bear primary responsibility for providinglibrary support for entrepreneurship; a survey by Toane and Figueiredo found that a largemajority (82.95%) of academic librarians who support entrepreneurship also support businessand management programs [1, p. 44]. However, “This work is collaborative andinterdisciplinary…Common partnerships included engineering, GIS, data and statistics, healthsciences, and other business librarians” [1, p. 45]. While business librarians possess “core subjectknowledge and expertise to address questions of market-fit, feasibility, and

Conference Session

Engineering Librarian Collaborations in the Library, On Campus, and Beyond

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Denise Amanda Wetzel, Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Kelly Grove, Florida A&M University/Florida State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

comparative analysis of shared and multi-institutional engineering programs acrossthe United States.Comparative analysis of joint engineering schoolsIn an effort to compare the FAMU-FSU College of Engineering to other similar programs theauthors conducted a series of searches using an individual comparative contrast approach tobetter understand how other shared colleges and/or programs are created and maintained by twoor more separate universities. An individual comparative contrast involves comparing two ormore instances for the purpose of examining the specifications that are both unique and similarbetween the instances of interest [1]. Results were compiled using the databases ERIC (aProQuest product), Web of Science Core Collection (a Clarivate

Conference Session

Opening Up: Data, Open Access, and Open Educational Resources

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Emily A. Bongiovanni, Colorado School of Mines; Brianna B. Buljung, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

mini-grants include addressingaccessibility, dissemination, and copyright concerns. This project contributes to the discussion onthe role of OER in STEM curriculum and techniques librarians can use to facilitate OER adoptionat their institutions.IntroductionAccording to the College Board’s estimated student budget for 2018-2019, undergraduatestudents at public four-year institutions are expected to budget an average of $1,240 a year ontextbooks and course supplies [1]. According to Mines’ 2019-2020 Cost of Attendance, theinstitution informs students they should budget $1,500 a year on books and supplies, whichmeans the university’s approximately 5,000 undergraduate students should collectively budget$7,500,000 this academic year.Universities

Conference Session

Information Literacy in First-year Courses and Co-curricular Experiences

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Joanne Dera, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Ashish D. Borgaonkar, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Davida Scharf, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jaskirat Sodhi, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

the ability to generate questions isfundamental to all engineering problem-solving. The ability to develop a research question isalso an essential information literacy skill that provides focus, strategy, and structure to aresearch paper. Critical thinking, writing and research skills, are important course componentsthat students will continue to develop throughout their academic and professional careers.At New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), a mid-size technology university, the instructorsand university reference librarians collaborated to create a research assignment [1]. Thisassignment was given to students in a First-Year Engineering Course, Fundamentals ofEngineering Design (FED101) starting in the fall semester of 2017. This

Conference Session

Opening Up: Data, Open Access, and Open Educational Resources

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Chelsea Leachman, Washington State University; Talea Anderson, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

departments, colleges, and theuniversity leadership to work towards a more open and equitable scholarly landscape. Whilesome larger institutions have spoken out about these issues this project focuses on theperspectives from a specific group of faculty at a public land-grant institution and will, thus,contribute to an understanding of the issues at play and possibilities for future advancement inPRT guidance.IntroductionResearchers have long expressed concerns about the impact promotion, rank, and tenure (PRT)guidelines have on the publishing practices of academics [1-4]. As a baseline, studies [1-4] haveshown that faculty members expect a strong research and publication record to be crucial foradvancement under PRT guidelines. Research also shows

Conference Session

Professional Issues and Opportunities for Engineering Librarians

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jean L. Bossart, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Engineers (PEs) bear the responsibility for not only theirwork, but also for the lives affected by that work and must hold themselves to high ethicalstandards of practice.In the United States (U.S.), engineers are licensed by the state in which they practice. Wyomingwas the first state to require licensure for engineers. As more states enacted similar legislation, aneed arose for uniformity of laws and requirements. In 1920, the National Council of Examinersfor Engineering and Surveying (NCEES), a nonprofit organization, was created to advancelicensure and facilitate mobility among the licensing jurisdictions. In 2020, the NCEES iscelebrating its 100th anniversary [1].Engineers are responsible for the lives affected by their work and must hold

Conference Session

Opening Up: Data, Open Access, and Open Educational Resources

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Fred Rascoe, Georgia Institute of Technology; Lisha Li, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

practices of academics in civil and environmental engineering, the findings ofwhich are summarized in a report [1].Established in 1885, Georgia Tech is a public research university with over 23,000 students andan $824 million in R&D expenditures. Georgia Tech’s engineering programs have beenconsistently ranked within the top 5 in the U.S. Georgia Tech plays a leading role in the state’seconomic development strategy. Research is conducted for industry and government by theapplied research division of Georgia Tech, various academic schools and departments, and morethan 100 interdisciplinary research units.The School of Aerospace Engineering at Georgia Tech is ranked among the top 5 aerospaceengineering programs in the country. The school focuses

Conference Session

Information Literacy in First-year Courses and Co-curricular Experiences

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Catherine Woodworth Wong, Merrimack College; Cynthia Helen Carlson P.E., Merrimack College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

programming outside of class time.Literature Review: Why mindfulness and sustainability go together like birds of a feather Mental health disorders are often reported amongst college students [1], [2]. Thetransition to college from high school includes a change of schools, a change of class formatsand teaching styles, a change in social groups, increased responsibility, and usually a change inliving arrangements amongst other transition issues specific to an individual. These changes,along with the stress of living in a permanently connected society, with information overload andpossible worry about the finances of paying for college, and increasingly common disasters dueto climate change, may all be factors causing the increase. Demand

Conference Session

Information Literacy in First-year Courses and Co-curricular Experiences

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Evie Cordell, Northeastern University; Alissa P. Link Cilfone, Northeastern University; Susan F. Freeman, Northeastern University; Richard Whalen, Northeastern University; Brooke Davis Williams, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

was carefully designed to help first-year students achieve success in the programregardless of the specific engineering major they select in their second year. Therefore, thecourse includes themes centered on several design-and-build projects with the following programobjectives: 1. Provide students with the opportunity to experience engineering as an evolving, creative, and interdisciplinary career that impacts global society and daily life. 2. Provide students with the opportunity to develop process-driven problem-solving skills that recognize multiple alternatives and apply critical thinking to identify an effective solution. 3. Provide students with the opportunity to integrate math & science in an engineering context. 4

Conference Session

Business & Entrepreneurial Information for Engineers

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christine Drew, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

2005 the Gordon Library began a renewed effort to promote information literacy atWorcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI).1 Worcester Polytechnic Institute, located in centralMassachusetts, offers more than 50 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in science,engineering, technology, management, the social sciences, and the humanities and arts, leadingto the B.A., B.S., M.S., M.E., MBA and Ph.D. The Gordon Library serves all members of thecampus community as the main library on campus. Our information literacy program ideas andgoals include aligning the library’s educational programs with the university mission to remain“true to the founders' directive to create, to discover, and to convey knowledge at the frontiers ofacademic inquiry for the

Conference Session

Engineering Librarians Boot Camp

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Curtis, Linda Hall Library

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

within theprofession by presenting papers at its meetings. Primarily due to the initiative of FrederickHutton, second secretary of the ASME, the society began publishing these papers and issuingthem to the membership. Prior to 1883, either the author or the Secretary of the Society wouldfirst read the paper in front of the assembly, then perhaps a few copies would be distributed forre-publishing by journals. According to Hutton, also an early historian of the organization,“Little argument is required to present the disadvantages of this system. The tedium of prosyreading is hard to bear. Many engineers are not trained to read pleasantly or to fill large hallswith the voice. Mathematical papers cannot be followed even by experts...”1 Hutton

Conference Session

Engaging Uses of Course Management Systems, Blogs, and Open Source and a Database as Tools for Library Instruction

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Megan Sapp Nelson; Michael Fosmire; Amy Van Epps, Purdue University; Bruce Harding, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

seeing the same animation sequences repeatedly when they just want toaccess the content and links to the actual resources. Page 12.1106.9Figure 1: Our robot catches fire. The engineer is learning about standards from Purdue Pete (ourmascot.)Figure 2: The engineer is learning from Purdue Pete that checking standards for componentmaterials will cut down on hazards. Page 12.1106.10The scope of the tutorial does not cover using any of the specific sources identified as relevantfor the students. Partly, this is due to the focus of the tutorial on

Conference Session

Thinking Ahead: Supporting New Technologies in Engineering Libraries

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bruce Reid, Pennsylvania State University-Wilkes-Barre; Francis Derby, Pennsylvania State University-Lehman

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

Engineering at the lead, had been thesole user of GIS technology on this campus until a library initiative found other disciplines thatalso had strong desires to use this technology. In the last few years, the campus library hasembarked on a mission to extend its services to include GIS support to disciplines and programsat the campus. This work in progress is examined in detail as a follow-up to a paper presented atthe 2004 ASEE conference in Salt Lake City, Utah.1. IntroductionAt the 2004 ASEE Conference and Exposition in Salt Lake City, Utah, we presented a paperwhich discussed an initiative to provide geospatial data visualization support in the library at theWilkes-Barre campus of the Penn State University. Our Land Engineering Surveying group

Conference Session

Scientific Literature and Data: Proliferation, Storage, and Open Access

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Stout, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Anne Graham, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

AC 2007-155: THE DATA DILEMMAAmy Stout, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyAnne Graham, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Page 12.1402.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 The Data Dilemma There’s a famous allegory about a map of the world that grows in detail until every point in reality has its counterpoint on paper; the twist being that such a map is at once ideally accurate and entirely useless, since it’s the same size as the thing it’s meant to represent 1.IntroductionThe proliferation of scientific data is inspiring a paradigm shift in the way we manageinformation. Scientists frequently use other

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries (ELD) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janet Fransen, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

and appointments with peer researchconsultants. Access points related to consultations with archivists and media librarians wereadded in Spring 2012.Working with campus institutional research staff, we were able to correlate Fall 2011 library usewith higher term GPA and retention for first year students while controlling for other variablesrelated to student success.1 The Student Success line of inquiry is useful for demonstrating thatsuccessful students do find value in the library. However, as students move beyond their firstyear, the factors contributing to student success become increasingly complex and interrelated.Therefore, while we continue to collect first year data and plan to check the correlation strengtheach semester, we are not

Conference Session

Information Tools and Techniques for Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eugene Barsky, University of British Columbia; Sarah Jane Dooley, Dalhousie University; Tara Mawhinney, McGill University; Zoey Peterson, University of British Columbia; Michelle Spence, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

important part of academic library collections. Accordingto a 2011 report from the American Library Association,1 e-books currently represent 27% ofholdings in academic libraries and the numbers have been steadily increasing for years.2Despite this growing importance, providing catalogue access to e-books has always been achallenge for libraries. Traditional library catalogues are based on print collections and do noteasily accommodate newer formats. Zhao and Zhao outline some of the inherent challenges thatprevent, or at least complicate, the integration of e-books into a traditional catalogue.3Dinkelman and Stacy-Bates discuss the frustrations that users experience when trying to discovere-books through an OPAC and conclude that academic

Conference Session

Fresh Perspectives on Information Literacy

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John B. Napp, University of Toledo; Phoebe Jane Ballard, The University of Toledo

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

other Page 23.750.8time commitments team members have will also be useful.1 "Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education." Association of College and Research Libraries, http://www.ala.org/acrl/standards/informationliteracycompetency.2 "Univ. of Delaware uses PLATO for bibliographic instruction." Library Journal 106, no. 12 (June 15, 1981): 1266.3 Dewald, Nancy, Ann Scholz-Crane, Austin Booth, and Cynthia Levine. "Information Literacy at a Distance: Instructional Design Issues." The Journal of Academic Librarianship 26, no. 1 (2000): 33-44.4 Li, Ping. "Science Information Literacy Tutorials and

Conference Session

Measuring Impact: Libraries, Librarians, Instruction, and Institutions

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J. White, Queen's University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

committee, etc.)  Academic rank  Link to library website  Position title  Links to course/subject guides  Liaison librarian role  Links to personal blog or website  Links to social networks4. Results and DiscussionTable 1 shows the librarian and library demographics for the profiles retrieved. In total, 147librarian profiles from 116 universities (108 American, 8 Canadian) were reviewed. The majorityof online profiles were found to be hosted on library websites (43 percent) and LibGuides (57percent). Launched in 2007, LibGuides has become an increasingly popular content

Conference Session

Fresh Perspectives on Information Literacy

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy S. Van Epps, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

other settings to introduceinformation literacy content and reinforce the need for quality evidence in making decisions.IntroductionEmbedding information literacy content into the curriculum has been presented as an ideal wayto teach the information in a meaningful way for the students 1–3. At Purdue University there isnot a single course all new students must take, so it is important for the librarians to work withthe first year engineering program to ensure the engineering students get an early introduction tothe use of published resources in engineering design.The first year engineering course at Purdue University is taken by all incoming and transferstudents who intend to major in engineering. Course enrollment is around 1,600 students

Conference Session

Fresh Perspectives on Information Literacy

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jon N. Jeffryes, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Lisa Johnston, University of Minnesota

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

-learning, “saves teachers’ and students’ time” and “[o]nce published, an e-course may be improved and used many times.”).11 The ability to scale out our work would beintegral to ensuring future expansion at the University of Minnesota, where librarians supporttens of thousands of students.Building the CourseConceptualization and creation of the course took place over the summer of 2012 by the authorsand with the assistance of a library science graduate student, Kevin Cunningham. Aftersynthesizing the findings from our graduate student interviews4 we decided on several learningoutcomes that would meet the most pressing student needs (Table 1). The learning outcomesguided our course content creation. The DIL project emphasized outcomes that were