Conference Session

Novel Teaching Methods In Engineering Technology

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edward E. Osakue, Texas Southern University; Jonathan J. Lewis, Texas Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

instructs students in engineering design, engineering graphics, and drafting. His research interests include economical design of mechanical and structural systems, low-velocity impact with friction, and effective curriculum delivery methods. Dr. Osakue can be reached at osakueee@tsu.edu. Dr. Jonathan J. Lewis is an Associate Professor and Graduate Faculty in the Department of Industrial Technology at Texas Southern University, Houston Texas. He is also the coordinator of the Graduate Program and Construction Technology Concentration in the Department. Dr. Lewis has been teaching technology courses for more than 25 years.Dr. Jonathan J. Lewis, Texas Southern University

Conference Session

Network Administration and Security

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Ekstrom, Brigham Young University; Melissa Dark, Purdue University; Barry Lunt, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

current technical concepts and practices in core information technologies; 2. understanding of best practices and standards and their application; 3. ability to assist in the creation of an effective project.Summary of Implementation ApproachesIn this section we categorize the techniques that we have used to integrate the IASknowledge area from IT2005 into our programs. 1. Slip-streaming: This approach requires the opportunistic insertion of current events into discussions in the existing curriculum. For example, during a discussion of C I/O one could take 5 minutes and discuss how one of the SMTP buffer-overflow problems allowed a root kit to insert its code into a buffer and

Conference Session

Issues in Engineering Technology Education II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay R. Porter, Texas A&M University; Joseph A. Morgan, Texas A&M University; Wei Zhan, Texas A&M University; Michael Johnson, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Technical College-West 19 Texas Tyler Junior College 28 Statewide 185 The multidisciplinary engineering technology program with a focus in mechatronicsproposed by ETID will be a seamless integration of the two programs with two additional newcourses specifically in mechatronics. This new program will address the job market needprimarily in Texas, as well as be competitive nationwide. The unique structure of ETID will keepthe cost of creating the new degree at a reasonable level. In the State of Texas, there is nomultidisciplinary engineering technology program with an emphasis in mechatronics at the

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Industrial Technology

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ranjeet Agarwala, East Carolina University; Tarek Abdel-Salam, East Carolina University; Craig Sanders, East Caroilina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Engineering Education. Session 25664 Grimheden, M., and Hanson, M., “Mechatronics-The Evolution of an Academic Discipline in Engineering Education,” Mechatronics, Elsevier, 15:179-192, 2005.5 Angelov, C., Melnik, R.V.N., Buur, J., “The Synergistic Integration of Mathematics, Software Engineering, and User-Centered Design: Exploring New Trends in Education,” Future Generation Computer Systems, Elsevier, 19:1299-1307, 2003.6 Wright, A.B., “Planting the Seeds for a Mechatronic Curriculum at UALR,” Mechatronics, Elsevier, 12:271-280, 2002.7 Hargrove, J.B., “Curriculum, Equipment and Student Project Outcomes for Mechatronics Education in the Core Mechanical Engineering Program at Kettering University,” Mechatronics, Elsevier, 12:343-356, 2002.8

Conference Session

Robotics and Automation II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Guanghsu A. Chang, Western Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

MET program at _______________ (MnSU) not only has the opportunityto enhance students' hands-on practices and real world experiences, but also motives them forpursuing advances research and education in robotic vision, simulation and off-lineprogramming. Actually, robot hands-on experience plays a key role in engineering education. Itis an effective tool for student learning, as well as for encouraging participation in class learningand in research outside the classroom. In general, industrial robot programming subject can beintegrated with the MET curriculum in three different ways: (1) for manufacturing automationclass that is specifically designed to teach students how to program different industrial robots; (2)for Computer Integrated

Conference Session

Robotics and Automation II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Antonio Jose Soares P.E., Florida A&M University/; G. Thomas Bellarmine P.E., Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Doreen Kobelo, Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Rabbani Muhammad, Florida A&M University; Chao Li, Florida A&M University; Salman A. Siddiqui, Florida A&M University; Stacy C. Tinner Jr., Florida A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

) safety, facility performance evaluation, andprofessional team building. Educational curriculum that integrates robotic program topics, if not Page 23.568.11classes, will be essential in educating future electronic engineers and technologist to coexist andexcel in robotic design and application.ConclusionsThe implementation of the robotics course for the Electronic Engineering Technology programpresented some challenges when designing an adequate course curriculum. It was necessary toreconcile teaching material from different sources. After determining the course content, asuitable hardware platform to implement the theory presented in class

Conference Session

Green Renewable Energy and Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amitabha Bandyopadhyay, State University of New York, Farmingdale

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

and Sciences, and Business.FSC boasts faculty expertise and other resources that will be dedicated to leading theGBI. FSC also hosts the Long Island Educational Opportunity Center that offers freeGED and vocational training for educationally and economically underserved adultlearners. Eastern Suffolk BOCES is an educational cooperative of 51 Long Island schooldistricts that provides career and technical education for secondary students and adults.The curriculum prepares students for entry-level employment or for higher education invocational fields. The Long Island Works Coalition is a not-for-profit corporationfounded in 1999 for the purpose of establishing partnerships between employers and theeducational community so as to prepare students

Conference Session

ETAC, ABET, & STEM Programs

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John L. Irwin, Michigan Technological University; Joshua M. Pearce, Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University; Gerald Anzalone, Michigan Technological University; Douglas E. Oppliger P.E., Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

results. Engineeringtechnology baccalaureate degree program must provide a capstone or integrating experience that Page 24.1242.2develops student competencies in applying both technical and non-technical skills in solvingproblems (as specified in the ABET ETAC general criterion 5: curriculum).4 An example of thisneed is expressed in one of the recommendations from the ASME Vision 2030 report where thecurrent weaknesses of graduates expressed by their employers, as well as the early careerengineers themselves are that Mechanical Engineering Technology (MET) programs shouldstrive towards creating curricula that inspire innovation, creativity, and

Conference Session

Issues Affecting Engineering Technology Program Development

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Howard Evans, National University; Shekar Viswanathan, National University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

activities requires close working coordination of EHSprofessionals with security professionals. This calls for unique academic training. Thenumber of available degree programs for associate degree professionals in this area isquite limited. In addition, there are fewer programs available for associated degreeprofessionals to transition to an engineering technology degree.This paper describes an innovative undergraduate engineering technology degreeprogram that has been developed in the Environmental, Health & Safety discipline. Keyattributes of this program include an effective curriculum transitioning from an associatetwo year degree offered through community colleges, problem based learning instruction,self-paced tutorial techniques, and

Conference Session

Interdisciplinary Education in ET

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Evans, Purdue University; Matthew Kirleis, Purdue University; Casey Smith, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

bycapitalizing on using the same volume of chemical distributed over a larger number of tests. To accomplish this goal, researchers, graduate students, and undergraduate students wererequired to work as a team, from requirements generation to user documentation. Undergrad-uate technology students were required to develop requirements, characterize subsystems,implement solutions, and test and verify the integrated system working in an unfamiliar sci-entific domain. This combination of tasks and team interactions across disparate scientificdisciplines is not common in Technology curriculums. Thus a secondary goal was to observeand document teamwork experiences of this interdisciplinary group. The remainder of this paper is as follows. Section 2

Conference Session

ET Pedagogy II

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Carmen Cioc, University of Toledo; John B. Napp, University of Toledo; Sorin Cioc, University of Toledo; Noela A. Haughton

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

: Pilot ImplementationAbstractThis paper describes the authors’ efforts to apply project-based learning (PBL) to a senior levelmechanical engineering technology (MET) course at the University of Toledo. The work is aclose collaboration between the engineering and education faculty and the engineering librarianwith the goal of increasing the students’ information literacy and developing their METdisciplinary competency. Students were required to work in teams on a design project whichrequired library research to identify relevant engineering codes and standards, such as theASHRAE standards and codes required to design an HVAC duct system. This project goals alignwith the new ABET criterion 3 (student outcomes 1-5) and criterion 5 (curriculum

Conference Session

Simulation and Virtual Instrumentation in ET

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Irwin, Mott Community College; James Moseley, Wayne State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

theeducational basis of PBL. The main supporters of the cognitive theories are Jean Piagetand Robert Gagne. The implementation of the PBL activities involves instructorguidance, reflection and motivation as well. Constructivism is an off chute fromcognitivism where theorists believe not all information is known and there isn’tnecessarily one truth to all questions. Constructivist philosophy believes knowledge isbased on experiences and one must construct their own meanings. John Dewey, born outof a progressive philosophy, believes in social constructivist psychology, because he isconcerned with the process rather than the end product of the curriculum (Dewey, 1916)4.Cognitive teaching involves problem solving, cooperative learning and discoverylearning

Conference Session

Interdisciplinary Education in Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University; Michael G Mauk P.E., Drexel University; Radian G. Belu, Drexel University; Eric Carr, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, Florida, 2000.20. Integrating TRIZ into the Curriculum: An educational imperative, T.P. Schweitzer, TRIZCON2002 ConferenceProc. 200221. INsourcing Innovation, D. Silverstein, N. DeCarlo, and M. Slocum, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, 2008.22. TRIZ in the world of science—Where does it fit?, N. Shpakovsky, 200923. The Elements of Mechanical Design, J.G. Skakoon, ASME Press, New York, 2008.24. Systematic Innovation: An Introduction to TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving), J. Terninko, A.Zusman, and B. Zlotin, (St. Lucia Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1998.25. Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements 5th ed., R. S. Figliola, D. Beasley, Wiley and Sons Inc.2011,26. Introduction to Engineering Experimentation, 3rd ed., A.J. Wheeler, A. R. Ganji

Conference Session

Capstone and Senior Design in Electrical and Computer ET

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Grant Richards, Purdue University; John Denton, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

, ranging from an individualcircuit board for each project block to all blocks on a single board. Teams who selected to createmultiple boards were able to test and troubleshoot circuit problems in a more efficient manner;however each team noted the impracticality of this approach for a final design. Teams with ahigh level of block integration on their circuit boards faced difficulty in testing individual blocksand troubleshooting circuit failures. Group presentations helped to demonstrated the contrast inresults and allowed course instructors to revisit the differences between prototype and finaldesigns which are spanned by the closed-loop, iterative design process. Figures 2a,b – Multiple Block and Single Block PCBs (Team A, C)This

Conference Session

Distance Learning in ET

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vernon Lewis, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

QualificationsThe primary qualifications desired of a mentor are that they be a licensed land surveyor,an active member of a state Association of Surveyors, be located within a reasonablegeographic proximity to the distance student’s locale, and be willing to make the requisitetime and resources available to the student. In addition, there are a variety of otherservices the mentor can provide to the student.Licensure is desired because it indicates that the mentoring individual has successfuldisplayed the knowledge required to perform surveying work at a professional level.Licensure in good standing is also an indication of integrity and ethical behavior in theconduct of business. Active participation in the state association is an indication of the

Conference Session

Remote Instruction/COVID-19 Strategies

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Christine Delahanty, Bucks County Community College ; Susan Herring, Bucks County Community College; Tracy Timby, Bucks County Community College; Vladimir Genis, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

and laboratory curricula including online course platforms, and integrated technologies. She has been involved in both private and government grants as author and project director, and is currently PI of an NSF ATE grant, ”Increasing the Number of Engineering Technicians in Southeastern Pennsylvania.” A major goal of this collaborative effort with Drexel University is to connect for-credit, occupational technician education to workforce development certification programs. She was the faculty advisor to two student teams that made the final round of the NSF AACC Community College Innovation Challenge (CCIC) in 2016 and 2017. She and her students have been involved in STEM related outreach to local community groups

Conference Session

Industry Collaborations in Engineering Technology

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University; Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

the School of Technology, theauthors are developing and implementing a program that will certify in robotics the students andrepresentatives from the industry. This will be done by developing an Industrial Robotics courseand adding an up-to-date robotics laboratory in the Electrical Engineering Technology programin the School of Technology. In addition to broadening the skill set of our School ofTechnology’s graduates, our efforts are interdisciplinary and will generate a high impact on theuniversity as a whole as well as across the industry.In this project we intend to integrate advanced concepts in robotics into the curriculum by: 1) Developing Industrial Robotics course. 2) Building a robotics laboratory equipped with state-of-the-art

Conference Session

Interdisciplinary Education in Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph F. Kmec, Purdue University; Bryan J. Hubbard, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Martin A Lopez De Bertodano, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Benjamin Revis, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

proliferation, small modular reactors, national energy policy, global nuclear power, developments of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, ASME Nuclear Component Certification (N-type Codes), nuclear medicine, military applications of nuclear energy, and on-going campus research involving reactors, fuels, and cycles.Thus it can be seen that the list of courses in the proposed curriculum compares reasonably wellwith existing Nuclear Engineering Technology offerings and serves as an excellent starting pointfor the formal design of a program of study leading to a degree in Nuclear EngineeringTechnology. Moreover, the College of Technology at the authors’ main campus is ideallypositioned to undertake such an initiative

Conference Session

Issues Affecting Engineering Program Development

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jimmy Bill Linn, East Carolina University; Merwan B. Mehta, East Carolina University; Janet Hooper Sanders, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

should include at a minimum, physics, chemistry, material science and biology. 3) Mathematics: Mathematics is the mortar that bonds science, engineering and technology. An engineering technology student should have at a minimum, college algebra, and trigonometry. 4) Technology: This general area builds the student’s practical knowledge base and enables the student to apply science and engineering concepts to real world problems and situations. Courseware in this category should include but not be limited to computer numerical control (CNC), computer aided drafting (CAD), basic electricity, electromechanical systems, robotics, thermodynamics, fluid power, computer integrated manufacturing (CIM), quality

Conference Session

Issues and Direction in ET Education and Administration: Part II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shekar Viswanathan, National University, San Diego; Howard Evans, National University, San Diego; Lal Tummala, San Diego State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

comparable engineering schools and their workload showed that facultymembers tend to work 50.5 hours during an average work week. Faculty members spend amajority of their time on teaching undergraduate students (56 percent), and on institutionalservice (15 percent), and research/scholarship (12 percent). Forty-seven percent of facultymembers describe their primary professional research as program/curriculum design, and more Page 14.1185.8than 50 percent admitted that they are not engaged in funded research. The most commonscholarship activity that most of faculty members are engaged in is making presentations at

Conference Session

Academe/Industry Collaboration

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nabin Sapkota, Northwestern State University of Louisiana; Laurie D. Morrow, Central Louisiana Technical Community College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

administrator for the Central Louisiana Technical Community College, Natchitoches Campus, Natchitoches, LA. Her career began as an account- ing instructor evolving into student services and finally administration. Areas of expertise include pro- gram accreditation, curriculum development, and workforce development through customized training. Ms. Morrow has been and continues to be instrumental in the development and implementation of the Advanced Manufacturing Technician Program of Louisiana. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 Meeting Workforce Demand through Modified Apprenticeship Program: A case in Louisiana

Conference Session

ETD Accreditation and Assessment

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mir M. Hayder, Savannah State University; Mohamad A. Mustafa, Savannah State University; Asad Yousuf, Savannah State University; Alberto G. De La Cruz, Savannah State University; Lisa Yount, Savannah State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

human conduct. ISLO 5: Quantitative Literacy A "habit of mind," competency, and comfort in working with numerical data. ISLO 6: Integrative Learning An understanding and a disposition that a student builds across the curriculum and co- curriculum, from making simple connections among ideas and experiences to synthesizing and transferring learning to new, complex situations within and beyond the campus.It was already been stated that Department of Engineering Technology at SSU offers CivilEngineering Technology and Electronics Engineering Technology programs, which are

Conference Session

Research and Project Initiatives in IT and IET

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Abed El Hameed El Madwar, University of Northern Iowa; Recayi 'Reg' Pecen; Hong 'Jeffrey' Nie; Julie Zhang, University of Northern Iowa

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

a standard form of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) based upon the Institute ofElectrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.15.4 standard. ZigBee protocol was engineeredby the ZigBee Alliance to provide OEMs and integrators with low-power consumption wirelessdata solution with multiple network structures and secure connections for monitoringapplications 1.This paper describes an experimental study for the design and implementation of a ZigBee IEEE802.15.4 wireless network to offer low power and low cost wireless networking applications inan industrial setting. The experiment has been driven by the problems associated with the use ofthe cables in industries such as the high cost of maintenance, limited mobility of workers, andpotential

Conference Session

Multimedia and Distance Learning

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Veeramuthu Rajaravivarma, Central Connecticut State University; Peter Baumann, Central Connecticut State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Objectives(Letters indicate the TAC of ABET TC2K a-k requirements addressed) 1. Graduates are prepared with an understanding of fundamental technical sciences that are integrated with the applied technical specialty, such as engineering materials, electrical circuits, and computer-aided engineering graphics, developing analytical techniques and problem solving skills necessary to adapt to technological changes, and for a career in computer engineering technology.(a,b,f) 2. Graduates acquire industry relevant experience within the academic environment through laboratory projects, experimentation, classroom lecture and demonstrations, and acquire in-depth technical knowledge in areas such as

Conference Session

Issues and Directions in ET Education & Administration: Part II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gerry Marekova, Drexel University; Vladimir Genis, Drexel University; David Spang, Burlington County College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

colleges must complete an A. S.degree before transfereing to Drexel University. Maximum of 91.5 quarter credits can betransferred towards Drexel’s B. S. degree in Applied Engineering Technology.Students can be granted either pre-junior or junior status by DU, depending on the number ofadditional courses completed at the community colleges. The remaining 96 quarter credits mustbe taken from AET curriculum for a particular concentration. Most of the program’s courses arelaboratory-and project-based. They provide AET students with unique knowledge andexperience in engineering technology and management. In addition, a simplified articulationagreement with Middle Bucks Institute of Technology was developed. Some courses at MBITare taught using syllabi

Conference Session

Issues in ET Education I

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Enrique Barbieri, University of North Texas

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

another suggestion is to drop the ‘E’ from ET. Although advocatesmay issue well-intended motives for the validity of such proposals, we reason that rebranding isunnecessary, it is at best ineffective and at worst may be entirely devastating for ET programs Page 24.187.2across the nation. First, there exist about 60 programs in the US that offer the B.S. or B.A. in GeneralEngineering2. The degree often points to a more flexible curriculum allowing students to exploreareas of their interest with an interdisciplinary or cross-disciplinary flavor that may involve theapplied sciences and other non-engineering fields. Programs may specify a

Conference Session

ET Pedagogy I

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Te-shun Chou, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Paper ID #25394Multi-Learning Techniques for Enhancing Student Engagement in Cyberse-curity EducationDr. Te-Shun Chou, East Carolina University Dr. Te-Shun Chou is an Associate Professor in the Department of Technology Systems at ECU. He received his Bachelor degree in Electronics Engineering at Feng Chia University and both Master’s de- gree and Doctoral degree in Electrical Engineering at Florida International University. He serves as the program coordinator of the Master program in Network Technology for the Department of Technology Systems and the lead faculty of Digital Communication Systems concentration for the

Conference Session

Subjects in Renewable Energy and Sustainability in ET

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed H. Elsawy, Tennessee Technological University; Fred Vondra, Tennessee Technological University; Ahmed K Kamal, Tennessee Technological University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

some job candidates have a basicknowledge of lean manufacturing techniques, few realize how environmental wastes andpollution prevention relate to lean initiatives. Based on a request from an automotivemanufacturing partner, Tennessee Technological University is taking a lead in filling thisknowledge gap and meeting these demands by incorporating manufacturing sustainabilityconcepts into the classroom. Meeting manufacturing sustainability goals requires acommitment to incorporate green manufacturing knowledge in the day-to-day activities of allmanufacturing professionals, not just executives, managers, or process engineers. Integratingthese course materials into the proposed PSM-Manufacturing Sustainability curriculum willhelp build our state

Conference Session

Interdisciplinary Education in Engineering Technology

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen R. Fleeman, Rock Valley College

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

servicedevelopment, testing and alternative energy product certifications with an emphasis on theelectrical and electronic systems. The SES program helps prepare you to take the Alternative-Energy Integrator Certification examinations offered by the Electronics Technicians Association,International.” The SES degree program sequence plan is provided in Table 1. The certification componentof the program description is explained in the next section.Table 1. SES program sequence plan.2. Designing a curriculum for assessment The faculty agreed unanimously the new program should not be designed for installers, butrather designers who possess a great breadth of knowledge that embellishes their expertise inelectronics. It was also decided that external

Conference Session

Academe/Industry Collaboration

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aparajit Koshal; Malini Natarajarathinam, Texas A&M University; Michael D. Johnson, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

key questionis whether the SMEs are ready for this change to take place?The fourth industrial revolution provides an opportunity for innovation, growth, and competition;but there are risks for some organizations, as the roadmap to Industry 4.0 is filled with differentchallenges. According to a survey conducted by McKinsey, about 50% of the US Enterpriseshave made little or no progress towards the adoption of Industry 4.0 16. Companies are worriedabout their ability to integrate the new technology with the existing one, and about the long-termimpact these machines will have on their organization. One of the major implementation barriersnoted by many executives in the survey was lack of skilled professionals. The other alternativewas to partner