Conference Session

Exploring the Entrepreneurial and Innovation Mindset

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Schar, Stanford University; Shannon Katherine Gilmartin, Stanford University; Angela Harris, Stanford University; Beth Rieken, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Paper ID #18064Innovation Self-Efficacy: A Very Brief Measure for Engineering StudentsDr. Mark Schar, Stanford University The focus of Mark’s research can broadly be described as ”pivot thinking,” the cognitive aptitudes and abilities that encourage innovation, and the tension between design engineering and business management cognitive styles. To encourage these thinking patterns in young engineers, Mark has developed a Scenario Based Learning curriculum that attempts to blend core engineering concepts with selected business ideas. Mark is also researches empathy and mindfulness and its impact on gender participation in

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carolin Christin Dungs, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

data on the ISE.6measure, as well as statistical outliers in ISE.6, where outliers were extreme cases that werevery different from the other responses. Those cases were identified, i.e., the mean and weredetected using the SPSS boxplot function, and excluded in order to avoid any bias in thestatistical analyses,4.2 Innovation Self-EfficacyThe innovation self-efficacy measure consists of six items that correspond to Dyer’s fivediscovery skills, important for innovative behavior: Associating, Questioning, Observing,Experimenting and Networking (Dyer et al., 2011a). The items are shown in Table 1.Table 1: Mapping of Self-Efficacy Items in the Engineering Majors Survey to Dyer’sDiscovery Skills(A) How confident are you in your B

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Andrea T. Kwaczala, Western New England University; Robert Gettens, Western New England University; Denine A Northrup, Western New England University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

materials to help facilitate rapid prototyping activities.After survey completion, student data were grouped into two categories based on response to questionsrelated to engineering self-efficacy. The highest responders on the engineering skills scales greater than 4on a 5-point Likert Scale were grouped as high-engineering self-efficacy, or high-ESE, and compared tothose responders that scored less than 4 on a 5-point Likert Scale as low-engineering self-efficacy, or low-ESE.Student perceptions towards different design activities were also measured. To examine the reliability ofthe scales for engineering self-efficacy, rapid prototyping, CAD, and 3D printing, the set of questionsassociated with each scale were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha test

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship and Innovation: The Student Experience

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sophia Lerner Pink, Stanford University; Beth Rieken, Stanford University; Tua A. Björklund; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

minority status, and school size. We conducted t-tests to compare the average scoresbetween different groups.To compare respondents with high and low question-asking self-efficacy and outcomeexpectations, we divided the respondents into two groups as described below: students with lowand high QSE, SOE, and COE.For all categories (QSE, SOE, and COE), the “low” group contained those who markedthemselves as 3 or below on a scale from 1-5, and the “high” group included those who marked 5on a scale of 1-5. We chose these markers to try and capture the top and bottom groups (ideallyquartiles) as consistently as possible for each measure. See Table 4 for the number of students ineach category.Table 4: Categorizing students with low and high QSE, SOE, and

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship and Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Erin A. Henslee, Wake Forest University; Lauren Lowman, Wake Forest University; Michael D. Gross, Wake Forest University; Anita K. McCauley, Wake Forest University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

otherhands-on learning opportunities increase student self-efficacy and have positive effects onretention of minority students, particularly into postgraduate studies. Here we focus on assessingthe short-term effects of “Making” activities. Assessment included pre- and post-student self-efficacy surveys with three distinct areas of measurement: general self-efficacy, self-efficacy incourse outcomes, and self-efficacy in EM-related constructs.Preliminary data suggests that inclusive PSS activities resulted in positive student motivationalresponses comprising high levels of identified regulation and external regulation, with moderatelevels of intrinsic motivation. Relative to the average motivational response of the entire class,underrepresented

Conference Session

Post BS Entrepreneurship Education Needs

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Borchers, Kettering University; Sung Hee Park, Kettering University; Michael Harris, Kettering University; William Riffe, Kettering University; Massoud Tavakoli, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

somewhat amorphous concept such as entrepreneurial thinking and mindset. In this paper, the authors describe Kettering University’s efforts to measure faculty and student attitudes as we seek to infuse entrepreneurship across the curriculum. The paper discusses three specific measurement efforts. Our early efforts were formative and focused on student entrepreneurial mindset among engineering students studying entrepreneurship in a single course. Here we used measures of self-efficacy and locus of control as predictors of intention to start a business 2 3 4. Our second (and current) efforts focus on a pilot project designed to motivate faculty to alter their courses to include one or more of eleven

Conference Session

Opportunities for Entrepreneurship Programs and Program Assessment

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Green, University of Maryland; Georgina Johnston, University of Maryland

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

entrepreneurshipin adults, our first psychosocial factor-based hypothesis is to examine the relative influence ofthis factor to the other five factors examined. Hypothesis 1: Late adolescent undergraduates who exhibit high self-efficacy will engage in more new- venturing activities than undergraduates who exhibit low self-efficacy.Need for AchievementThe need for achievement is the need to advance for measurable personal accomplishment.35Entrepreneurship researchers have examined the influence of need for achievement, also calledachievement orientation, on entrepreneurial success since the earliest entrepreneurship researchstudies.35 Schumpeter incorporated concepts of need for achievement into his early theories ofentrepreneurship and

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: Creativity and Innovation

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Karl D. Schubert, University of Arkansas; Kristie Neff Moergen, University of Arkansas; Carol S. Gattis, University of Arkansas; Wen-Juo Lo, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

, almost never), thisscale reflects participants’ awareness of their mindfulness with higher scores indicated they areless mindfulness in the daily life events.Core Self-EvaluationsJudge, Erez, Bono & Thoresen stated, “core self-evaluations is a basic, fundamental appraisal ofone’s worthiness, effectiveness, and capability as a person.” [7] There are four traits that make upthe core self-evaluations: self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, neuroticism, and locus of control.[16] These traits can be measured to predict people’s satisfaction with their job, job performanceand life situation. [17] In addition, this inventory was validated [7] using both corporate employeesand university students. It asks participants how strongly they agree or

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Vibhavari Vempala, University of Michigan; Jacob Frederick Fuher, University of Michigan; Heydi L. Dominguez, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Jeremiah Ogunbunmi, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Aileen Huang-Saad, Northeastern University; Prateek Shekhar, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

to pursue and persist in that task [21]. Self-efficacy is domain and task specific. In the context of entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE) is a person’s belief in their ability to successfully perform entrepreneurshiprelated tasks and launch a successful entrepreneurial venture [22]. Research has shown ESE to bean important predictor of future entrepreneurial intent and behavior [10], [23], [24]. Severalinstruments to measure ESE are available. However, most of the measurements are empiricallyunderdeveloped and do not capture the various dimensions associated with entrepreneurialactivities and skills [25]. The ESE scale used in this study is developed by McGee [22].Compared to existing ESE measures, McGee’s scale is a multi

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gunther Rameseder, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University; Maximilian Reithmann MR, Celonis; Eric Reynolds Brubaker, Stanford University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

gap, we explore a sample of 5,819 undergraduate engineering students froma survey administered in 2015 to a nationally representative set of twenty-seven U.S. engineering schools. Weidentify how individual background measures, occupational learning experiences, and socio-cognitive measuressuch as self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations, and interest in innovation and entrepreneurship affect students’entrepreneurial career focus. Based on career focus, the sample is split into “Starters” and “Joiners” where Startersare students who wish to start a new venture and Joiners are those who wish to join an existing venture. Resultsshow the demographic, behavioral, and socio-cognitive characteristics of each group. Findings suggest that

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division – Program Development & Desired Outcomes

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leo E. Hanifin, University of Detroit Mercy; Ross A. Lee, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

innovation.Bandura defines perceived self-efficacy as “people’s beliefs about their capabilities to producedesignated levels of performance that exercise influence over events that affect their lives.”(Bandura, Self-Efficacy, 1994). Carberry and Lee, in their paper “Measuring Engineering DesignSelf-Efficacy” narrow this focus on the activities related to design, the central function ofengineering, as follows, “Self-efficacy refers to an individuals’ judgment of their capability toorganize and execute courses of action for a given task (Bandura, 1986; 1997). According to self-efficacy theory, the level of self-efficacy for a given task is influenced by other task-specific self-concepts including motivation, outcome expectancy, and anxiety or self-doubt

Conference Session

The Nature of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Session 4

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah E. Zappe, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

faculty to publish educational research. Her research interests primarily involve creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Page 24.337.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Creative Go-Getters: Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Activities in Engineering UndergraduatesAbstract:The purpose of this study is to examine characteristics of incoming engineering students aspossible predictors of later participation in entrepreneurial activities. Four characteristics wereexamined: 1) locomotion, 2) self-evaluation, 3) creative self-efficacy and 4

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Research Technical Session 7

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip M. Reeves, The Pennsylvania State University; Sarah E. Zappe, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Elizabeth C. Kisenwether, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; D. Jake Follmer, The Pennsylvania State University; Jessica Menold, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

multiple entrepreneurial situations including idea generation, problemsolving, and opportunity recognition. While educators are still working on the best method ofdeveloping and measuring creativity, it is possible to gauge an individual’s creative self-efficacy,which Tierney and Farmer defined as ‘the belief that one has the ability to produce creativeoutcomes’ (p . 1138)7. For this study, permission was granted to use Tierney & Farmer’s Creative Self-EfficacyMeasure7. The measure contains three items (with a Cronbach’s alpha, internal consistencyreliability, coefficient of α=.574) on a 7 point Likert scale (1= very strongly disagree through 7=very strongly agree). The scale has been used in numerous research studies and

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Antti Oskari Surma-Aho, Aalto University; Tua A. Björklund, Aalto University; Katja Holtta-Otto, Aalto University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

-sectionally [1], but also showed an increase in innovativeness when it wasmeasured before and after a project course [2] as well as when measured longitudinally for thesame group of students [3]. These mixed results indicate that a deeper understanding is neededabout the factors influencing the development of innovativeness in engineering students.Recently, two constructs have received special attention with regards to engineer innovativeness:empathy and self-efficacy, i.e. feeling and understanding the experiences of others and believingin one’s own ability to perform tasks. Research suggests that empathy in engineering and designcomprises of intrinsic skills, observable actions, and a holistic mindset [4], and can helpdesigners understand and care

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Education: Assessment and Integrating Entrepreneurship into the Curriculum

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Borchers, Kettering University; Sung Hee Park, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

AC 2009-2070: UNDERGRADUATE ENGINEERING STUDENT ATTITUDESTOWARD ENTREPRENEURSHIPAndrew Borchers, Kettering UniversitySung Hee Park, Kettering University Page 14.1289.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 Entrepreneurial Self Efficacy, Locus of Control and Intent to Start a Business: An Expanded Study in an Engineering SchoolsAbstract This study extends the authors prior work on student attitudes towards entrepreneurship in a Midwestern US engineering school. Based on prior work by Chen (1998) and Rotter (1966), the study measures entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) with 22 items, locus of

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division – Epicenter Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Florian Michael Lintl, Stanford University; Qu Jin, Stanford University; Shannon Gilmartin, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University; Mark Schar, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

and thosestudents who were interested in a “socially oriented” (non-profit) career outcome. The theoreticalframework used for modeling these groups was Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT).Logistic regression analysis was conducted using a multi-measure survey that assessed cognitive,motivational, behavioral influences.Results show that students who are Starters tend to be “new seeking” and “iconoclastic”, andhave higher “domain self-efficacy”, compared with students who are Joiners. Further, studentswho are interested in Socially Oriented career outcomes are more “socially altruistic,” and have astronger sense of “personal morals” and a more hopeful future about their “quality of life”compared with their Market Oriented peers. Gender was an

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: Creativity and Innovation

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sunni Haag Newton, Georgia Institute of Technology; Roxanne A. Moore, Georgia Institute of Technology; Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology; Timothy Cone, Center for Education Integrating Science, Mathematics and Computing

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

associated with a variety of student outcomes. Additionally, modified versionsof previously validated instruments were used to measure teachers’ motivation for participatingin the K12 InVenture Prize program [15] and teachers’ self-efficacy for teaching engineering andentrepreneurship [16]. Participants A total of six teachers from our focal region began the survey. Of these, two discontinuedthe survey during the demographics and teaching background sections; a total of fourrespondents completed the survey. All four teachers who completed the survey are women, andall four teachers are White. For all four teachers, the 2018-2019 school year was their first yearimplementing the K12 InVenture Prize program. Two teachers implemented in a

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Beyond the University

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jidong Huang, California State University, Fullerton; John B Jackson, California State University, Fullerton; Pradeep Nair, California State University, Fullerton; Amy Cox-Petersen, California State University, Fullerton

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

evaluation instruments were built from psychometrically sound instrumentsand scales that include the Career Interest Questionnaire and Modified STEM Semantics Survey(Tyler-Wood et al., 2010), Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Intention (Wilson et al., 2007),Student Attitudes toward STEM Survey (Mahoney, 2010); STEM Semantics Survey (Tyler-Wood et al., 2010), Sources of Self-Efficacy Scale (Britner & Pajares, 2006), and a 21st CenturySkills Assessment/Rubric. Specifically, the process evaluation was designed to measure both quality and intensity ofSTEM-Inc activities in order to monitor the short-term and formative results of activities andservices, validate program components, and determine whether activities were of sufficientquality and

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship and Innovation: Beyond the University

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Roxanne Moore, Georgia Institute of Technology; Meltem Alemdar, Georgia Institute of Technology; Sunni Haag Newton, Georgia Institute of Technology; Anna Newsome Holcomb, Georgia Institute of Technology, CEISMC

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

state finals in Spring, 2016. Allteachers were invited to participate. Components of this survey relevant for the current workinclude demographics, information about teachers’ backgrounds, and also several constructs:self-efficacy for teaching engineering, self-efficacy for teaching entrepreneurship, and teacherperceptions of the program’s effects on students. Some of these constructs were assessed throughvalidated instruments, while others were measured with internally developed items. Teaching Engineering Self-Efficacy Scale Self-efficacy for teaching engineering was measured with the Teaching Engineering Self-Efficacy Scale (TESS), which was developed and validated by Yoon Yoon et al., 201411. Theseauthors “define teaching

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emily Cao, Stanford University; Shannon Katherine Gilmartin, Stanford University; Qu Jin, Stanford University; Carolin Christin Dungs, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

, orconcentration—a “learning experience”—and other SCCT constructs: Innovation Self-Efficacy(ISE) and Career Goals: Innovation Work (CGIW).The EMS institutional sample represents a stratified quasi-random sample of ~350 U.S.engineering schools. Schools were stratified on the basis of: 1) research university or non-research university, 2) size of engineering school as measured by number of engineering degreesawarded, and 3) presence of an undergraduate business major on campus. This resulted in a2x2x2 scheme. Institutions within each stratification “cell” were “quasi” randomly sampled inthat schools were flagged as “Epicenter affiliated” or “not Epicenter affiliated”, and, wherepossible, roughly equal numbers were randomly selected from each group

Conference Session

Case Studies in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark Schar, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University; Samantha Ruth Brunhaver, Stanford University; Mark Cuson; Michelle Marie Grau, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

• Content Questions: The student respondents completed four on-line surveys in fall quarter, which were administered before and after the Longboard - Trucks and Longboard - Deck experiences. In the winter quarter, two on-line surveys were completed, after each of the two lab experiences. Each survey contained 10 content questions (5 engineering and 5 entrepreneurship), which were unique to each lab, resulting in 20 total pre-post content measures (10 engineering and 10 entrepreneurial). The content questions had between 4 and 5 multiple choice answers, which were presented in random order. Demographic, career intent, and self-efficacy questions were asked before the first lab and after the second lab; lab experience

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christina S. Morton, University of Michigan; Aileen Huang-Saad, University of Michigan; Julie Libarkin, Michigan State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

current approach to entrepreneurship education. As engineering educationseeks to recruit and retain diverse groups of students, it is important to consider the influence ofentrepreneurship education environments on women. To date, the few entrepreneurship education studies specific to engineeringentrepreneurship programs are usually multi-institutional and focus on individual studentparticipant characteristics, attitudes, outcomes,12 and interests13. Individual characteristics, suchas a person’s sense of self-efficacy and agency, certainly contribute to one’s interest andcapability for success in entrepreneurship and innovation. Yet, the nature of the environment onechooses to participate in also plays a critical role in initial student

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leon Szeli, Stanford University; Shannon Katherine Gilmartin, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

) patterns of predicted external correlates, and (d) convergence betweenself and observer ratings“[1]. The TIPI is asking the following question on a 7-point likert-scale(1 = disagree strongly; 7 = agree strongly): I see myself as… • Extraverted, enthusiastic. • Critical, quarrelsome. • Dependable, self-disciplined. • Anxious, easily upset. • Open to new experiences, complex. • Reserved, quiet. • Sympathetic, warm. • Disorganized, careless. • Calm, emotionally stable. • Conventional, uncreative.For Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, we used the 4-item measure (α = .792) developed by Zhaoet al. [14], which is asking the participants how

Conference Session

Research and Assessment

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Borchers, Kettering University; Sung Hee Park, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Attitude direction and strength toward the targeted behaviors (e.g., being an entrepreneur)Skill-Based Proficiency to use the entrepreneurship knowledge and business acumen, referred as procedural knowledge, skill compilation and automaticityCurrently, the authors do not have any outcome measure for the Behavioral Outcome Dimension.However, it is commonly believed that behavioral intention could be a good surrogate forbehavior. The authors employ Intention to Start a Business (ITSB), a 5 item measure adaptedfrom Chen et al. [11] to measure student behavior intention. The authors also employEntrepreneurial Self Efficacy (ESE) – a 22 item measure that speak

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Magdalini Z. Lagoudas, Texas A&M University; So Yoon Yoon, Texas A&M University; Rodney Boehm, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

large Southwestern publicuniversity. The program implementation component included program data associated withcurriculum content and format, recruiting approach, and participant data from five cohorts. Dueto the delayed employment of the assessment, the evaluation component included findings fromtwo cohorts using pre- and post-quizzes on knowledge of entrepreneurship terms and pre- andpost-surveys that captured changes in perceptions of entrepreneurship and customer interview.The results of this study indicated that while student interest on entrepreneurship remainedconstant, there were significant improvements of participants in three areas of self-efficacy: (a)entrepreneurship, (b) marketing and business planning, and (c) customer interview

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Opening General Session 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Qu Jin, Stanford University; Shannon Katherine Gilmartin, Stanford University; Sheri D. Sheppard, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Pursuit (7 items) and Flexible Goal Adjustment (3 items). Anexample item from the sub-scale of Tenacious Goal Pursuit is “The harder a goal is to achieve,the more appeal it has to me”, and an example from the sub-scale of Flexible Goal Adjustment is“I adapt quite easily to changes in plans or circumstances.” The items were measured on a five-point Likert scale with responses ranging from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always).Self-Efficacy OptimismSelf-efficacy has been shown in previous studies to be important to entrepreneurial intent 12,19,20.The scale of Self-Efficacy Optimism includes six items that were selected from theQuestionnaire for the Assessment of Personal Optimism and Social Optimism-Extended (POSO-E) 21. Self-Efficacy Optimism

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathalie Duval-Couetil, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Michael R. Ladisch, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Soohyun Yi, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

venturing self-efficacy scale wasused (see Appendix A). It measures venturing self-efficacy based on survey items that reflect theskills needed for developing innovation for the launch of new ventures such as recognizing andevaluating new opportunities, estimating costs of new projects, marketing and selling, andpersonnel selection. It measure technical–functional self-efficacy measures with survey itemsrelated to performing science and technology tasks that play a role in developing innovation.Survey items ask respondents to rate their confidence on a scale of 1 to 10. Pre- and post-measure for both measures were significant, with an increase from 4.92 to 7.62 post forventuring self-efficacy and 6.88 to 8.82 for technology-functional self

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barbara A. Karanian, Stanford University; Ville Mikael Taajamaa, University of Turku; Christopher Andrew Parlier, Stanford University; Mona Eskandari, University of California, Riverside

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

; Ohland, 2012]. Includes phrases for innovation [33] and innovation self-efficacy [34] as a conception of self that express intrigue, interest, and excitement for observing and experimenting with new approaches. An overlap between achievement motivation and innovation exists since individuals with a high need to achieve also demonstrate a visionary sense and gain a sense of self-worth from excelling and doing something new. Dissimilar to achievement motivation, however, innovators have a creative competence [32] and a comfort with ambiguity [2]. Affiliation It tracks the extent to which a participant is personally capable of understanding the emotional make-up of other people and

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division – Epicenter Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janna Rodriguez, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University; Larry Leifer, Stanford University; Qu Jin, Stanford University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

entrepreneurial action.With respect to entrepreneurial interest, Lent, Brown, Sheu, Schmidt,and Brenner posited that aperson’s interest in a given activity is based on two concepts: 1) self-efficacy or beliefs aboutone’s own personal capabilities; and 2) outcome expectations or beliefs about the outcomes ofengaging in a particular course of action.10 We propose that alumni who have shown highinterest are more likely to pursue entrepreneurship, since interest will result in a higherlikelihood of entrepreneurial action.We hypothesized that alumni who have expressed high intentions to pursue entrepreneurialactivities are more likely to seek out these activities. This included constructing a model toidentify which are the important factors that predict

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Carroll, Saint Louis University, Parks College of Eng.; Scott A. Sell, Saint Louis University, Parks College of Eng.; Michelle B. Sabick, Saint Louis University, Parks College of Eng.

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

coursesections are often very large, and success rates are often well below campus averages.Project Rationale Attrition rates of undergraduate engineering students consistently hover around 50%throughout the United States [2-11]. Geisinger and Raman [2] conducted an extensive literaturereview on student attrition and retention including 50 and 25 studies, respectively. Theyconcluded that six factors contributed to students leaving engineering: classroom and academicclimate, grades and conceptual understanding, self-efficacy and self-confidence, high schoolpreparation, interest and career goals, and race and gender. Furthermore, a 2013 report [11] bythe Institute of Education Sciences (IES) reinforces Geisinger and Raman’s conclusions. Thereport