θo n (∆t )1 ( ∆t ) 2 (∆t )3 ∆t 10° 6 2.99 s 3.01 s 3.00 s 3.00 s 20° 6 3.15 s 3.11 s 3.13 s 3.13 s 30° 6 3.29 s 3.26 s 3.23 s 3.26 sTable 2. Natural Period and Frequency for Half-Disk Oscillation θo Pexper (ωn )exper (ωn ) theor Ptheor Rel. Error 10° 0.500 s 12.57 rad/s 11.58 rad/s 0.542 s 7.75% 20° 0.522 s 12.04 rad/s 11.58 rad/s 0.542 s 3.69% 30° 0.543 s
1 A c tiv a t io n L e v e l, tf 0 .5 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0 .1 P o s itio n x ( m ) 0 .0 5
: W ? bhL τ g (3)Where τ is the mass density and g ? 9.81 m s 2 .The problem is one of multi-objective optimization, namely, the simultaneous minimization ofυm and W , with b and h as design variables.Several interesting and informative points arise at this juncture. The aim here is to raise somequestions, and answer some of them, that should expand student horizons and make them moreaware, in particular, of some design issues. 6 PLLet f1 ( … bhL τ g ) be the weight objective function and f 2 ( … ) be the stress objective
determined how piston displacement depends on crankangle in a single-cylinder internal combustion engine and compared their results to a theoreticalequation. A schematic of a piston, connecting rod and crank is shown in Figure 2. Assumingthat the crank and connecting rod have perfect pin connections, it can be shown by trigonometrythat the distance between the crank axis and the piston pin axis (s) is given by s = a cos + (L2 – a2 sin2 )1/2 (1)when the connecting rod length (L) and the crank radius (a) are known. These values, and thedistance from the piston pin axis to the top of the piston (x), are measured by the laboratoryinstructor and given to the students before lab. Figure 2
AC 2008-499: INTEGRATING APPLICATIONS IN THE TEACHING OFFUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTSPatricia Campbell, Campbell-Kibler Associates, Inc Patricia B. Campbell, President of Campbell-Kibler Associates, Inc, has been involved in educational research and evaluation with a focus on science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education and issues of race/ethnicity, gender and disability since the mid 1970's. Dr. Campbell, formerly a professor of research, measurement and statistics at Georgia State University, has authored more than 100 publications.Eann Patterson, Michigan State University Eann Patterson taught Mechanics of Solids for twenty years at the University of Sheffield
retrieval from a T-s chart. Following the lecture, a group activity wasconducted to assess student comfort with paper-based property charts for property retrieval.When surveyed, student opinion was highly favorable towards the use of videos for instruction,review, and the visual approach. The direct outcome of the control and treatment activitiesshowed statistically significant advantage (p-value 0.038) of this approach. Students displayedadequate competence in solving water property problems using property charts. The results alsoshowed how the use of property charts reinforces the thermodynamic fundamentals, as opposedto the use of online databases or the steam tables. The implementation yielded a marked decreasein lecture time dedicated to
extensive use of pressure-enthalpy(P-h) diagrams that enable intuitive visualization of even the most complex steam power plantsto a high degree of accuracy. This is contrary to all current thermodynamic textbooks in whichtemperature-entropy (T-s) diagrams are used to represent steam power plants. This standardtextbook approach is non-intuitive in that there is no indication of the turbine power output, andincorrect in that the ideal feedwater pump process is always represented by a line when in fact itshould be closer to a single point.Another significant departure from traditional thermodynamic texts is the use of the ideal Stirlingcycle machine to represent the ideal reversible machine. The ideal Stirling cycle machine has athermal efficiency
and summarize the materials in a creative way to promote thestudents’ understanding. An appropriate assessment is for sure needed.1.1 Example 1There are many gas power cycles, such as Carnot cycle, Otto cycle and Diesel cycle. In mostcases, the textbook discusses each of them and shows the process in a P-v and/or a T-s diagram.The diagrams can help the student to understand and memorize these cycles. However, thestudents may become confused to remember these curves because all the curves are quite new tothem. To help the students in learning these cycles, it is seen that all the well-known reversiblecycles (Carnot, Ericsson and Stirling) can be integrated into one T-s diagram (or a P-v diagram).Figure 1 shows the individual diagrams of the
be found in a review59 paper by Muschik16. None of these approaches address the four pedagogical shortcomings listed above;60 they are still based on RHE’s operating between temperature reservoirs. Many Introductory physics61 textbooks at the college level have modified their presentation of the second law by introducing entropy62 from a molecular perspective, while using an abridged version of the sequence shown in figure 1 to63 discuss only RHE’s (exergy is generally not covered). Some introductory physics textbooks17-20 skip the64 Clausius theorem altogether, and derive RHE efficiency starting from ∆S=0. Others derive the Clausius65 theorem from RHE efficiency21, which is presented as the upper limit of efficiency (without
is also being continually reduced. Returning to the purpose of this paper we can now surmise that it would be very usefulif, as we undertook our energy transfers, we could use a gage to quantify the degradationof energy ‘quality’ through our various processes or systems. A rapidly rising entropyreading would alert us to areas of high energy degradation and also allow us to comparedifferent processes more appropriately.Entropy. It turns out that there exists a property called Entropy which can be used as an indicatorof how the quality of energy is being degraded. This is the property our imaginary gagemust measure. Just like our first law equation this property can be placed into the Reynolds TransportEquation : DS •S
clear and carefulderivations of the control volume equations for the conservation of mass, linear momentum, andenergy (first law of thermodynamics) for compressible fluids using the RTT approach. He alsostated without derivation, comparable forms of the angular momentum equation and the secondlaw of thermodynamics for a control volume. Like his predecessors, Shapiro considered onlynondeforming, nonaccelerating control volumes. Vincenti notes that the explicit control volumeapproach began to appear in thermodynamics textbooks at this time.Spread of the RTT in U. S. Introductory Fluid Mechanics TextbooksVincenti labels the era after about 1955 the period of diffusion of control volume analysis in
Paper ID #6305Development of an Intervention to Improve Students’ Conceptual Under-standing of ThermodynamicsProf. Stephen R. Turns, Pennsylvania State University, University Park Stephen R. Turns, professor of mechanical engineering, joined the faculty of The Pennsylvania State University in 1979. His research interests include combustion-generated air pollution, other combustion- related topics, and engineering education pedagogy. He has served as an ABET mechanical engineering program evaluator since 1994. He has received many teaching awards at Penn State, including the Milton S. Eisenhower Award for Distinguished
education, and they can be easily replicated with a budget of $400 atother institutions.The first project was to create ten distinct flow visualization photographs using safe householdfluids and simple setups. In the second project, an interactive device was developed with whichgranular (sand) flow is demonstrated in a fun and mesmerizing manner. For the third project, aseries of modified Hele-Shaw cells were developed that exhibit the interaction between airbubbles and a viscous liquid (olive oil) in a museum-quality display.IntroductionThis paper is a documentation of an undergraduate research course S. Shakerin designed for R.A. Nariyoshi, who was a senior mechanical engineering student in the Spring Semester 2010when she took the course. Both
) 0 -0.02 -0.02 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 t (s) t (s) Single-Sided Amplitude Spectrum of y(t) Single-Sided Amplitude Spectrum of y(t
. Page 12.675.11 10References[1] Felder, R. M. & Silverman, L. K., (1988), “How Students Learn: Adapting Teaching Styles to Learning Styles”, Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, p. 489.[2] Felder, R. M., (1993), “Reaching the Second-Tier Learning and Teaching Styles in College Science Education”, Journal of College Science, Vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 286-290.[3] Wang, S.-L., (1996), “Mechanism Simulation with Working Model”, Proceedings of the Frontiers in Education Conference, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.[4] Slater, K. & Gramoll, K., (1995), “Vibration Visualization using Longitudinal Vibration Simulator (LVS)”, Proceedings of the ASEE Annual
Page 15.82.5both areas of engineering investigate the control of DC motors 6,25 and conveyors 5,26 .Table 1: PLC projects from the literature with the area(s) of engineering in which the course isoffered, the project, and the equipment necessary (other than a PLC and a computer). Area(s)† Project(s) Equipment E 28 Controlling a stepper motor Driver board, stepper motor E 19 Automatic control of laundry wash- Rockwell’s WinView (provides a virtual environ- ing machine ment) 1. Control of filling a tank 1. Tank with sensors ET 22 2. Hybrid boat control system 2. Various motor and photovoltaic components
and for the motion of a system of 1 or 2 rigid accelerations (linear and rotational) of 2 or 3 bodies moving in the plane. (Includes use of interconnected rigid bodies. P1.) R3 – Apply ode45 to solve equations of motion Supplemental Skills (must pass all R skills before S skills improve grade) S1 – Analyze oblique impact between two S1.1 – Analyze oblique impact between two rigid bodies. rigid bodies. S2 – Solve for the kinetics of mass flow S1.2 – Utilize principles of energy and systems. momentum to solve for the motion of a S3 – Determine the angular momentum of a system of 1 or 2 bodies. rigid body moving in 3D
ls dg s kil le
Educ., 12, 248-251.19. Kesidou, S. and Duit, R. (1993). Students’ conceptions of the second law of thermodynamics – aninterpretive study. J. Res. Sci. Teach., 30(1), 85-106.20. Kaper, W. H. and Goedhart, M. J., (2002a). Forms of energy, an intermediary language on the road tothermodynamics? Part I. Int. J. Sci. Educ., 24, 81-95.21. Kaper, W. H. and Goedhart, M. J., (2002b). Forms of energy, an intermediary language on the road tothermodynamics? Part II. Int. J. Sci. Educ., 24, 119-137.22. Roberts, I. F. and Watts, D. S., (1976). The teaching of thermodynamics at preuniversity level. Phys.Educ., 11, 277-284.23. Mettes, C.T., Pilot, A. Roosink, H.J. and Kramers-Pals, H., (1981b). Teaching and learning problemsolving in science, part II: learning
until it reaches the specimen surface where some of the wavereflects back into the incident bar. The rest of the stress wave continues propagating through thetransmitter bar. In classical SHPB analysis, the specimen strain and stress can be estimated usingthe strain signals measured on the incident and transmitter bars based on the equations derived inreference [11]. The specimen strain is determined as a function of time by simplycalculating the following integral. 2C 0 t Ls 0 s (t ) R (t )dt (2)where (t) is the reflected incident bar strain history collected from the strain gauge
roots of the beams. Since these sensors are an integral part of the beams,they would experience the same levels of stress / strain. At a certain level of deformation, theywill generate the necessary level of voltage to activate the switch(es) for deploying the airbag(s). Page 14.795.2 Proceedings of the 2009 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2009, American Society for Engineering Education m – 1 = Hanging (proof) mass #1 m – 2
a STEM researchproject. National Science Foundation Middle/High School Student Attitudes Towards STEM (S-STEM) Survey [8] was used to assess the overall impact of the outreach program on the femalestudents’ self-confidence and motivation in pursuing future cross-disciplinary STEM careers.The results showed that the 21st Century skills related to critical-thinking, communication, andcollaboration was the section with the most radical improvement.Keywords: kinematics of mechanisms, protein kinematics, biomechanics, biochemistry, DNAnano-mechanismsIDEAL Online Summer Outreach Program Curriculum Plan and MethodsDuring the summer of 2019, mechanical engineering faculty and two undergraduate studentsfrom both NSM and ECS colleges offered a two
experimental design, data collection, and data analysis; (q) acompetence in the use of computational tools; (r) a knowledge of chemistry; and (s)knowledge of calculus-based physics.Outcome can be assessed at the “program level” [2] using standardized testing such asfundamental of engineering exam, or it can be pursued at the “course level”. To ensure theteaching quality of the outcome based mechanical engineering program, systematicassessment of engineering curriculum is needed. More importantly, faculty needs to improveteaching techniques so that the student learning of each course can be measured againstprogram outcomes. In the past eight years, the current authors have developed a technique to
computational modeling activities areintegral to each educational learning module. When students formulate computational models,they develop understanding by engaging in the theory and observations of a situation. Studentscomplete each educational learning module in about three hours outside of class after they havebeen introduced to the individual topic in lecture(s) and completed a series of homeworkproblems. As students complete an activity, they are encouraged to refer to its correspondinggrading rubric, which conveys expectations of quality across different levels of expertise. Ourpedagogical model can be used to design learning modules for difficult concepts in other STEMsubjects.Keywords: cognitive apprenticeship, pedagogical model, engineering
activities was to augment the existing Kinematics of Mechanisms classwith human kinematics and protein kinematics concepts in the form of interactive cross-disciplinary experiences in order to enhance student knowledge in the area of kinematics andprepare them to be successful in their future jobs. Before each project, there were a number ofplanned activities, such as detailed description of the project with included main objective(s)and recommended research papers and instructions for the successful completion. As a nextstep, the students were required to come up with possible solutions to the open-ended researchprojects. To increase the quality of writing [23] and presenting, the students were asked to submitreports, as well as give oral
. Engaging the current technology-hungry college student is thus promising,possible and necessary; but with over 100,000 applications available for the iPad alone, criticalquestions remain. What applications, tools and methods truly enhance the learning environmentand what educational benefit, if any, do the students receive through the use of these devices?How do we integrate these devices in a way that appeals to our students, Prensky‟s “digitalnatives”4, when most of our professors are “digital immigrants”, without placing unmanageableburdens on the instructional team? The current literature examines the use of tablet devices in the college classroom but nostudy focuses on the use of iPads in the engineering classroom. An
new theylearned at the end of the lesson for promoting enactive mastery experiences. In addition,instructors could help students set clear and specific goals at the beginning of semester, becausegoal setting affects students’ initial self-efficacy beliefs for achieving the goal [11]. On the other hand, engineering undergraduate students’ test anxiety was not asignificantly negative predictor of their academic performance in a dynamics course, which isconsistent with Hsieh, et al.’s study finding [29]. The findings of the present study show that thepredictive power of test anxiety for academic performance in engineering education settings isdifferent from that in general academic settings. Although this difference has not been
of liquid at the nozzle port is calculated asfollows: 𝑝 𝜌𝑔ℎ (2) where ph = hydrostatic pressure (Pa, N/m2, or kg/m-s2) ρ = liquid density (kg/m3) g = acceleration of gravity = 9.81 m/s2 h = height of the liquid column (m)For this lab, multiple fluid heights are tested. The liquid flow rate through an orifice can becalculated as follows: 𝑞actual 𝐶 𝐴 𝑝 𝑝 (3) where qactual = actual liquid flow rate (m3/s) A2 = area of the port (m3) gc = conversion factor = 1.0 kg-m/N-s2
- ing Education and the Algae Biomass Organization. Dr. Shuman served as Chair for the ASEE Energy Conversion and Conservation Division last year. She received a Dipl.Ing. degree in mechanical engineering from Belgrade University in 1992, an M.S.M.E. from the University of Washington in 1994 and a Ph.D. from the University of Washington in 2000.Dr. Gregory Mason, Seattle University Gregory S. Mason was born and raised in Spokane Washington. He received the B.S.M.E. degree from Gonzaga University in 1983, the M.S.M.E. degree in manufacturing automation from Georgia Institute of Technology in 1984 and the Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering, specializing in multi-rate digital controls, from the University of