Conference Session

New Engineering Educators Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donald P. Visco Jr., University of Akron; Dirk Schaefer, University of Bath

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

. 30 international journals as well as national and international funding organizations and frequently organizes national and international conferences in his field. Prior to joining the University of Bath (UK), he was an Assistant Professor at Georgia Tech (USA) and a Lecturer in the School of Engineering at Durham Uni- versity (UK) where he earned a Postgraduate Certificate in Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. He joined Durham from the University of Stuttgart (Germany), where he earned his Ph.D. in Computer Science. Page 26.1596.1 c American Society for

Conference Session

New Engineering Educators Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Denise Wilson, University of Washington; Cheryl Allendoerfer, University of Washington; Rebecca A. Bates, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Tamara Floyd Smith, Tuskegee University; Melani I. Plett, Seattle Pacific University; Nanette M. Veilleux, Simmons College; Mee Joo Kim, University of Washington

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Rebecca A. Bates received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Washington in 2004. She also received the M.T.S. degree from Harvard Divinity School in 1993. She is currently Professor and Chair of the Department of Integrated Engineering program at Minnesota State University, Mankato, home of the Iron Range and Twin Cities Engineering programs.Dr. Tamara Floyd Smith, Tuskegee University Dr. Tamara Floyd Smith is a Professor of Chemical Engineering at Tuskegee University.Dr. Melani I. Plett, Seattle Pacific University Prof. Melani Plett is a Professor in Electrical Engineering at Seattle Pacific University. She has over sev- enteen years of experience in teaching a variety of engineering

Conference Session

Technology for Faculty Development and Classroom Management

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Marie Reck, Kettering University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

processing, and engineering education. Specific areas of controls and signal processing research include the design and modeling of intelligent controls, Kalman filters, and automation. Engineering education research includes curriculum and laboratory development for these concepts. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Using Google Apps to Collect and Organize My Tenure PortfolioIntroductionAt most universities, promotion and tenure decisions are made based on performance in threecategories: teaching, research, and service. However, the emphasis on each category variesbetween universities depending on their institutional priorities. One thing is consistent; acandidate for promotion needs to

Conference Session

Advice from the Experts for NEEs at Small Universities

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claude Villiers, Florida Gulf Coast University; Diane Bondehagen, Florida Gulf Coast University; Chris Geiger

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

betterunderstanding of the teaching pedagogy which includes multi-disciplinary teaching andintegrated lecture laboratory of the U.A. Whitaker School of Engineering at FGCU. While ourprimary focus was on student learning, we also conducted surveys to understand the student’sperspective of the WSOE teaching approach. We also had the opportunity to workcollaboratively and learn from other faculty’s teaching style. Although our teaching willincrease, the information gathered through development and teaching of this course will impactour future classes and our engineering career thereafter.ServicesGiven our nascent program, it is not surprising that there is currently only a small number offaculty in the U.A. Whitaker School of Engineering with 8 total faculty

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenny L. Lo, Virginia Tech; Tamara W. Knott, Virginia Tech; Thomas D. Walker P.E., Virginia Tech; Vinod K. Lohani, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

AC 2012-3833: ADMINISTRATIVE ADVICE FROM COORDINATORS OFLARGE-ENROLLMENT FIRST-YEAR ENGINEERING COURSES WITHSIGNIFICANT ACTIVE-LEARNING COMPONENTSProf. Jenny L. Lo, Virginia Tech Jenny Lo is an Advanced Instructor at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, Va. She is currently Co-coordinator of a large first-semester introductory engineering course and has taught a variety of introductory engineering courses.Prof. Tamara W. Knott, Virginia Tech Tamara Knott is Associate Professor of engineering education at Virginia Tech. She is the Course Coordi- nator for one of the three first-year engineering courses offered by the department and also teaches in the graduate program. Her interests include assessment and pedagogy. Within

Conference Session

Launching Successful Academic Careers

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Rose, University of Pittsburgh, Johnstown

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

grants, research andpublishing, the expectations for service often receive little discussion. Usually serving onseveral committees within one’s department and university, or with professional organizations, isconsidered sufficient.Non-tenure track faculty, such as lecturers and laboratory instructors at research universities, aswell as tenure-track faculty at teaching institutions may not be expected to perform significantlevels of funded research which result in publications as part of their jobs. However,expectations for achievement in scholarly and professional development activities still exist andare becoming more prominent in the promotion and tenure process at teaching institutions.Heavy teaching loads and a lack of graduate students

Conference Session

Been There, Done That: Advice for NEEs

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Gerhart, Lawrence Technological University; Philip Gerhart, University of Evansville

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

isnecessary. First, both Phil and Andy are mechanical engineering faculty with a main area ofinterest in thermal/fluids. We both very much enjoy teaching and working in thermodynamics,fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and power generation within this discipline. The specific coursesthat we have taught in common are thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, thermal fluids laboratory,viscous flow, and turbulence. Outside of academics, we both enjoy being adult leaders in theBoy Scouts of America and have each served as Scoutmaster. We enjoy history; specifically, Page 14.399.5our interests overlap in American history and the history of science and engineering

Conference Session

Potpourri

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Melodie A. Selby PE, Walla Walla University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

. Page 24.515.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Engineers Assemble: The Use of Popular Culture in Engineering EducationThe idea of other universes appeals to most of us. Whether it’s a universe where lonely kids areswept away to learn magic in a haunted castle, or where vampires and werewolves run the world,or where superheroes take on the bad guys and win, most of us have a favorite escape. Ourstudents sometimes seem to spend most of their time in their favorite alternate universes to theconsternation of their parents and teachers. We spend a lot of time trying to pull them back intothis universe to teach them engineering. But sometimes, we can actually

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade in Research

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Schuster, California Polytechnic State University; Charles Birdsong, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

packages, so very limited facilities are available to start a research program. As a result,the start-up costs of the research may be higher than at research institutions. For many newfaculty, there is no existing research group to join, so the faculty member starts from scratch. Inaddition to these external challenges, often the PUI is not set up to support the faculty inobtaining external research funds, as this may be a relatively new activity there.Locating facilities for research is difficult at a PUI. Faculty must find a way to useundergraduate teaching laboratories for their research, or need to locate funds to outfit a new lab. Page

Conference Session

NEE - 3: Improving Homework and Problem-solving Performance

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alicia Baumann, Arizona State University; Stephanie M. Gillespie, Arizona State University; Nicolle Sanchez, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

, “Enhancing student learning of research methods through the use of undergraduate teaching assistants,” Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 759-775, 2014.[4] M. A McVey, C. R. Bennett, J. H. Kim, and A. Self, ”Impact of Undergraduate Teaching Fellows Embedded in Key Undergraduate Engineering Courses,” in Proceedings of the 124th ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Columbus, Ohio, USA, June 2017.[5] L. Wheeler, C. Clark, and C. Grisham, “Transforming a Traditional Laboratory to an Inquiry- Based Course: Importance of Training TAs when Redesigning a Curriculum,” Journal of Chemical Education, vol. 94, iss. 1, pp. 1019-1026, June 2017.[6] G. Guadagni, H. Ma, and L. Wheeler, ”The Benefit of Training

Conference Session

Advice from the Experts for NEEs at Small Universities

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric Larson, Seattle University; Agnieszka Miguel, Seattle University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Department at Seattle University. Dr. Miguel received her Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering in 2001 from the University of Washington, and MSEE and BSEE from Florida Atlantic University in 1996 and 1994. Her teaching and research interests include image and video compression, image processing, and wavelets. Page 12.1151.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 Performing Engineering Research at Non-Ph.D. Granting InstitutionsAbstractResearch is becoming increasingly important at liberal arts colleges and masters universities.However, performing research at a non-Ph.D. granting institution has unique

Conference Session

The Care and Keeping of Graduate Students - GSD Tech Session 6

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine G.P. Berdanier, Pennsylvania State University; Katy Luchini-Colbry, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies, New Engineering Educators

Program of Tau Beta Pi, the Engineering Honor Society, which provides interactive seminars on interpersonal communications and problem solving skills for engineering students across the U.S. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 The Care and Keeping of Graduate Students: An Interactive Panel Discussion for Novice Advisors of Graduate Students1. Introduction and PurposeWhile most young professors expect to juggle teaching with research, service, and grant writing,the expectation to form and lead an (immediately productive) laboratory group is sometimessurprising and often challenging. Graduate students expect that their faculty mentors will

Conference Session

Best of the NEE

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Squire, Virginia Military Institute; Charles Bott, Virginia Military Institute; Matthew Hyre, Virginia Military Institute

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

substantially in training. In some cases, this time is substantially reduced if classes taught during the junior year are necessary to inform the student prior to commencing a project. It is therefore imperative to establish a steady pipeline of undergraduates in which the more senior ones train the newest members to minimize the time the professor must spend teaching young undergraduates basic research skills (including laboratory, writing, and administrative skills).II. Tips for Developing Appropriate Research ContractsIt is clear that some industry sponsors/contracts are more appropriate than others forundergraduate research projects. Sponsors should have an appreciation and understanding thatthe work will be completed by

Conference Session

Potpourri

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William J. Schell IV P.E., Montana State University; Paul J. Kauffmann P.E., East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

-tenure period, when they likely have a greater set of outsidecommitments than younger new faculty members; and leveraging their skills developed inindustry for success in the classroom and research. This article explores the experience of twofaculty members who each made the move after over fifteen years in industry, one who is nowearly in that transition and the second moving toward full retirement. These experiences are usedto outline not only ideas on best practices for being successful in the transition, but pitfalls andtraps to avoid.IntroductionThe motivation of this article is to explore the transition from industry to teaching from both aspecific and general viewpoint. The specific context explores the perspectives on theexperiences of

Conference Session

But I'm a Loner! Expanding capability and creativity by examining effective alliances

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

expertise would enrich students’ learning andbrings them (the students) closer to the realities of the workplace. (1)Employers, by and large, are generally satisfied with the basic technical preparation of today’sgraduates, but find them largely unaware of the vital roles that engineers play in bringingproducts and services from a “concept stage” to the marketplace. An important reason for this“drawback” is that faculty members, today, often lack industrial experience and/ or any othertype of practical experience. This is particularly troubling when faculty members, straight out ofgraduate school and have absolutely no experience “under their belt,” are assigned to teachpractice-related courses. Often, teaching design-oriented and/ or field-related

Conference Session

New Engineering Educators Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ralph Ocon, Purdue University, Calumet

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Paper ID #11847Using Humor to Create a Positive Learning EnvironmentProf. Ralph Ocon, Purdue University Calumet (College of Technology) Page 26.1667.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Using Humor to Create a Positive Learning EnvironmentAbstractHow to enhance student learning is a critical issue in academia. Throughout the author’sacademic career, teaching effectiveness has always been an on-going challenge.Consequently, he has experimented with different teaching techniques and approaches.The author’s

Conference Session

Educating Students for Professional Success

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ajit D. Kelkar, North Carolina A&T State University; James G. Ryan, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies, New Engineering Educators, Student

AC 2011-1023: INNOVATIVE GRADUATE PROGRAM IN NANOENGI-NEERINGAjit D. Kelkar, North Carolina A&T State University Dr. Ajit D. Kelkar is a Professor and Chairman of Nanoengineering department at Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering at North Carolina A&T State University. He also serves as an As- sociate Director for the Center for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures and is a Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro. For the past twenty five years he has been working in the area of performance evaluation and modeling of poly- meric composites and ceramic matrix composites. He has worked with several federal laboratories in the

Conference Session

Mentoring and Development of New Faculty

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jay Wierer, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Roger Frankowski, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Cory Prust, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Steven Reyer, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

of Academics since 2001. He is a member of ASEE, a member of the Society for Psychological Type, and a member of AAHEA. As a faculty member, he taught courses in history, government, and industrial psychology.Cory Prust, Milwaukee School of Engineering Dr. Prust is Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering at the Milwaukee School of Engineering (MSOE). He received his Ph.D. degree from Purdue University in 2006. He is a former Technical Staff member at Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is a Member of the IEEE and typically teaches courses in the areas of signal processing and embedded systems.Steven Reyer, Milwaukee School of Engineering Dr. Reyer is

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade in Research

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrienne Minerick, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

research lab and get aresearch group started. Keeping abreast of the literature sometimes falls by the wayside in-between preparing for classes, ordering equipment, teaching laboratory procedures to students,grading, scholarly writing, writing proposals, etc. As many of us know, familiarity with currentliterature is crucial to conducting sound research. While the new faculty member may haveperiodic cramming sessions with the literature prior to submitting a proposal or other scholarlywriting, their researchers in the lab can overlook this important component of conducting soundresearch.Regular, organized meetings focused only on reading and discussing articles in the literature canhelp overcome this literature lethargy, strengthen the education of

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jumoke Oluwakemi Ladeji-Osias, Morgan State University; Anita M. Wells, Morgan State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Paper ID #10850Best Practices in Classroom Management for Today’s University Environ-mentDr. Jumoke Oluwakemi Ladeji-Osias, Morgan State University Dr. J. ’Kemi Ladeji-Osias is Associate Professor and Associate Chair for Graduate Studies in the De- partment of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Morgan State University in Baltimore. She teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in computer engineering. Dr. Ladeji-Osias earned a B.S. in electrical engineering from the University of Maryland, College Park and a Ph.D. in biomedical engineering from Rutgers University. Dr. Ladeji-Osias’ involvement in engineering

Conference Session

Launching Successful Academic Careers

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Engelken, Arkansas State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

deficiency had a significant direct impact on the NEE’s formal set ofresponsibilities, for example, a senior faculty member who deliberately inhibited theNEE’s work, say, by not making available departmental equipment needed for the NEEto teach a laboratory course. Even then, with the problem being necessarily discussed,the administrator must be conservative and respectful in discussing it with the NEE, andin privately correcting (not in the presence of the NEE) the faculty member.Infrequently, irritated senior faculty may confront the NEE with reality behind closeddoors. This can be unpleasant if outside of the formal chain of command. A preferredapproach would be for offended faculty to ask the director, chair, or official NEE facultymentor to

Conference Session

Leadership Development in Change: A Panel to Explore Experiences, Skills, and Learning in Change Management for New Engineering Educators

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ella Lee Ingram, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Julia M. Williams, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Paper ID #12015Leadership Development in Change: A Panel to Explore Experiences, Skills,and Learning in Change Management for New Engineering Educators.Dr. Ella Lee Ingram, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Ella L. Ingram is an Associate Professor of Biology and Director of the Center for the Practice and Schol- arship of Education at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology. Her educational research interests include promoting successful change practice of STEM faculty, effective evolution and ecology instruction, and facilitating undergraduate research experiences. Her teaching portfolio includes courses on: nutrition

Conference Session

Getting Started: Objectives, Rubrics, Evaluations, and Assessment

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zbigniew Prusak, Central Connecticut State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

AC 2009-1115: COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES AND STUDENTEVALUATIONS: CAN BOTH BE IMPROVED?Zbigniew Prusak, Central Connecticut State University Dr. Prusak is a Professor in the Department of Engineering at Central Connecticut State University in New Britain, CT. He teaches courses in Mechanical Engineering, Manufacturing Engineering Technology and Mechanical Engineering Technology programs. He has over 10 years of international industrial and research experience in the fields of precision manufacturing, design of mechanical and manufacturing systems and metrology. Dr. Prusak received M.S. Mechanical Engineering from Technical University of Krakow and his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adam Chalmers, United States Military Academy; Eric Crispino, United States Military Academy; Joseph Hanus, United States Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

material.BackgroundThe United States Military Academy at West Point (USMA) has invested significant time, effort,and money to develop a strong civil engineering faculty that is motivated and capable ofproviding excellent engineering instruction. The Department of Civil and MechanicalEngineering uses the ASCE Body of Knowledge (BOK) Committee’s recommendedcharacteristics of full or part-time engineering faculty members.3 The department looks forfaculty who are scholars, effective teachers, have practical experience, and serve as positive rolemodels. 4New Instructor ScholarshipThe BOK Committee defines scholars as faculty that “acquire and maintain a level of expertisein the subjects they teach,” and who are “life-long learners, modeling continued growth

Conference Session

Training and Support for NEEs

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Te-shun Chou, East Carolina University; John Barry DuVall, East Carolina University; Kamalesh Panthi, East Carolina University; Tijjani Mohammed, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

. John Barry DuVall, East Carolina University Dr. DuVall is a Full Professor and facilitator of TECS-TRAIN in the Department of Technology Sys- tems at East Carolina University in Greenville, North Carolina. DuVall currently teaches online classes to practicing professionals at the undergraduate, Master’s and PhD levels in areas such as strategies for technology management and communication and industrial supervision. He served as Director of a NSF/ARPA/TRP research project called The Factory as a Learning Laboratory – A Practice-Based M.S. Degree Program for Black and Decker (U.S.) associates and defense industry scientists and engineers. In 1994 this led to the development of the first Internet programs for East

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Baer, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

facultymembers would be an efficient way of achieving the goals of both participants. Facultymembers are required to publish in their area of research while effectively teaching classes. Newfaculty members find it especially challenging to meet these demands. It is common foracademic librarians to be assigned as a liaison between the library and faculty. Librarians have avested interest in seeing these faculty members succeed as researchers and teachers. They havethe responsibility to see that the information needs of the faculty and students in their assignedsubject areas are met. Meeting the information needs of faculty members enables them tosuccessfully perform their research. Meeting the information needs of students can enhance theirlearning

Conference Session

Survivor: The First Few Years

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Creamer, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Tonya Saddler, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Margaret Layne, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

counterparts in industry, the nature of faculty work dictates that faculty members inengineering juggle the intensive time demands in the laboratory with other responsibilities thatare important to promotion, including at research-intensive universities maintaining asatisfactory record in teaching, service, and outreach. Lack of clarity about expectations fortenure and inadequate feedback about performance concern faculty in many settings10. Afterclimate and nature of work, clarity and reasonableness of tenure policies and practices is the thirdstrongest factor in predicting the overall job satisfaction, as indicated by 6773 respondents atover 80 colleges and universities to the COACHE survey. Sorcinelli11 identified a morecomprehensive listing of

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrian Ieta, State University of New York at Oswego; Rachid Manseur, Oswego State University College; Thomas E. Doyle, McMaster University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

MINDS Many new faculty may face challenges related to effective teaching techniques. Student perception of good teaching may often be different from the instructors' opinions. Finding the technique that merges the two perspectives can be challenging and vital. Project-based learning has been documented to be a guaranteed procedure for increasing students' interest in the taught topic, while developing skills that also often reward the instructor with good student evaluations. We present the lessons learned in several capstone courses taught by three instructors at three higher education institutions. Different procedures are used. Although the instructors use different techniques

Conference Session

NEE - 3: Improving Homework and Problem-solving Performance

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Marie Reck, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

Paper ID #26870A Systematic Review of Technologies for Providing Feedback and Grades toStudentsDr. Rebecca Marie Reck, Kettering University Rebecca M. Reck is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Kettering University in Flint, Michigan. Her research interests include instructional laboratories, assessment, and student motivation. She earned a Ph.D. in systems engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. During her eight years as a systems engineer at Rockwell Collins, she earned a master’s degree in electrical engineering at Iowa State University. She earned a bachelor’s degree in electrical

Conference Session

Been There/Done That: Advice for NEEs

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gene Harding, Purdue University; Benedict Kazora, Purdue University; Robert Smethers, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

junior in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology program at Purdue University. Page 13.198.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008 An Oft-overlooked Resource: Undergraduate Students Can Be a Valuable Asset to Help Improve the Curriculum, Facilities, and PedagogyAbstractMany college campuses do not have graduate students to use as a resource for teaching, research,grading, and other pedagogical activities. These schools include some satellite campuses ofmajor universities, many private colleges that focus on undergraduate education, and communitycolleges