Conference Session

Learning by Doing

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrea Welker, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

(and the faculty member teaching it). The majorstrengths of the course before modifications were: four hands-on laboratories, a well-developedand assessed information literacy module with a term-paper as the final product6,7, and on-goingstudent presentations on current geologic issues. The time spent in this class could be broadlydivided into three categories: technical (lecture) topics, professional development andinformation literacy, and laboratories (Table 1). Page 15.614.3Table 1. Topics in GLY 2805 Before Modification Lecture (Technical) Topics Professional Development and Laboratories

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kara Bocan, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Paper ID #42444Why are we here? A Study of Student Perspectives on Attendance in a CombinedLecture and Laboratory CourseDr. Kara Bocan, University of Pittsburgh Kara Bocan is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Pittsburgh. Her primary focus is teaching with a secondary focus on engineering education research. She completed her PhD in Electrical Engineering and her BSE in Electrical Engineering and Bioengineering, both at the University of Pittsburgh. She currently teaches courses on introductory programming, data structures and algorithms, software

Conference Session

LabVIEW and Mindstorms Based Experiments

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander Ganago, University of Michigan; Andrew Watchorn, National Instruments; John DeBusscher, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

educationalvalue, and the statistics is provided of student evaluation of the VIs as learning tools in the lab.1. IntroductionTo bring automatic, computer-controlled experiments into teaching laboratories, especially at theintroductory level, where they must be accessible to every student, might be a dream of many labinstructors. There are several challenges on the road to its fulfillment, both on the technical andpedagogical sides. The technical ones include: (a) availability of proper test and measurementinstruments along with computers, (b) successful choice of software, (c) its adaptation to theneeds of Instructional Laboratories, and – nearly inevitable – (d) debugging. The mainpedagogical challenge is to find the wise balance between traditional

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Corey Payne, University of Florida; Kent J. Crippen, University of Florida; Lorelie Imperial; Chang-Yu Wu, University of Florida; Philip J. Brucat, University of Florida; Maria Korolev, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #26423Board 33: Persistence of First Year Engineering Majors with a Design-BasedChemistry Laboratory Curriculum In- and Out-of-SequenceMr. Corey Payne, University of FloridaDr. Kent J. Crippen, University of Florida Kent Crippen is a Professor of STEM education in the School of Teaching and Learning at the University of Florida and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. His research in- volves the design, development, and evaluation of STEM cyberlearning environments as well as scientist- teacher forms of professional development. Operating from a design-based research perspective

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Frederick Stern

methodology and in some cases UA.Recent developments have focused on development of CFD courses using specialty3, 4 andcommercial5-7 software, which are sometimes combined with EFD8, 9. Computer assistedlearning has also impacted fluid dynamics courses, such as using multi-media in teaching fluidmechanics10, application of studio model11, and development of computer-based textbook12.These studies have shown enhancement of the curriculum, increased learning efficiency andunderstanding, effectiveness of novel and hands-on learning methods, importance and need foreducational interface design and pedagogy, and positive student response.Authors2 have contributed to integration of simulation technology into undergraduateengineering courses and laboratories

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zhiqiang Wu, Wright State University; Bin Wang, Wright State University; Chi-Hao Cheng, Miami University; Deng Cao, Central State University; Zhiping Zhang, Wright State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

served as a research faculty member and co-director of Broadband, Mobile and Wireless Networking Laboratory at the Department of Electrical Engineering of Wright State University. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2018Software Defined Radio based Mixed Signal Detection Laboratories forEnhancing Undergraduate Communication and Networking CurriculaAbstract: Communication and networking courses, especially wireless communication andnetworking courses, have become more and more important in many disciplines such asElectrical Engineering, Computer Science, and Computer Engineering. Due to costly hardwareneeded for communication and networking teaching laboratories, many of these courses aretaught

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ventzislav Karaivanov, Colorado School of Mines; Jeffrey A. Holley P.E., Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

Paper ID #12906A Hardware Enclosure to Increase Access to, and Reliability of, Data Acqui-sition Hardware while Enhancing the Student Laboratory ExperienceDr. Ventzislav Karaivanov, Colorado School of Mines • Ventzi Karaivanov, Teaching Associate Professor, PhD, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Col- orado School of Mines. Education • PhD – Mechanical Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering at University of Pittsburgh, 2009. ”Life prediction modeling of thermal barrier coated turbine airfoils” Teaching and Professional societies • Teaching Interests: Mechanics of Materials, Computer Aided En- gineering, Dynamics

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Palmyra Catravas, Union College; Michael E Hagerman, Union College; Brian D. Cohen, Department of Biological Sciences, Union College; Samuel Amanuel, Union College; Rebecca Cortez, Union College; Kevin Bubriski, Green Mountain College; Amin Meyghani; Seyfollah Maleki, Union College

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

engineering course that provides in-depth coverage ofmicro and nanoscale microscopy (including atomic force and electron microscopy) intandem with coverage of special topics in nanoscience/nanotechnology. The coursestructure is modular, allowing faculty from any of five departments who participate in thenano collaboration to co-teach. The special topic has ranged from self-assemblednanostructures for sensors, solar cells and nanoelectronics in the first two offerings tobionanomaterials (in preparation). Individual, hands-on training in nanoscale microscopyhas been designed to complement the special topics coverage duringthe studio laboratory portion of the course. Students are provided at least two hours perweek of supervised instruction on the

Conference Session

Use of Labs to Introduce Students to Engr.

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Andrew Lau; Sven Bilen; Elizabeth Kisenwether

sense of accomplishment at having progressed successfully through learning the new principlesand the engineering design process.Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Dr. Robert Pangborn, Associate Dean for UndergraduateStudies, for funding the development of this lab module; Anthony Skraba for helping define theinitial version of the module; and Agilent Technologies for donated test equipment used in thislab.References1. Simon, H. (1998), “What We Know About Learning,” Journal of Engineering Education, v. 87, n. 4, p 343.2. ABET Engineering Criteria 2000, http://www.abet.org, 2000.3. Lyons, J., J. Morehouse, and E. Young, Design of a Laboratory to Teach Design of Experiments, Proceedings of the American Society for

Conference Session

Faculty Development Lightning Talks

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Margaret Pinnell, University of Dayton; Kenya Crosson, University of Dayton; Aaron Altman, United States Air Force Research Laboratory; Elizabeth Hart, University of Dayton; Malle R Schilling, University of Dayton

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Constituent Committee

Paper ID #25307Work in Progress: Can Faculty Assessment and Faculty Development be Ac-complished with the Same Instrument?Dr. Margaret Pinnell, University of Dayton Dr. Margaret Pinnell is the Associate Dean for Faculty and Staff Development in the school of engineering and associate professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Dayton. She teaches undergraduate and graduate materials related courses including Introduction to Ma- terials, Materials Laboratory, Engineering Innovation, Biomaterials and Engineering Design and Appro- priate Technology (ETHOS). She was director of

Conference Session

Concurrent Paper Tracks Session II - Curriculum II

Collection

2017 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Xiwei Liu, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Xiaoyan Gong, 1.The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Automation Institution,Chinese Academy of Sciences; 2. Intelligent Education Institution,Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries.; Fei-Yue Wang, The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences; rui sun, Qingdao Experimental High School; Yanqing Gao, Oregon Institute of Technology; Yu Zhang, Qingdao Experimental High School; jiehan zhou, University of Oulu; Xiaofei Deng, Qingdao Experimental High School

Tagged Topics

Main Forum (Podium Presentation)

knowledgesystems by useful exploration. No matter how much young learners are, they are consideredto be self-managers who can plan and take care of the whole project process under guidance.So in our textbooks, with a life-related task first proposed, all knowledge points aredemonstrated as a beautiful tree to let all learners clearly know their way to learnsystematically. Management is emphasized in this book to get an idea of leadership, balanceand cooperation. Fig. 7 iSTREAM textbooks5.3 Intelligent Drone Labwe have built two STIE laboratories for Qingdao Experimental High School, and theintelligent drone lab is shown in Fig. 8, which put guiders, learners, education equipment,teaching scenario, etc. together. All guiders

Conference Session

Active and Inquiry-Based Learning

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonte Bernhard, Linköping University, Sweden

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

laboratory activitiesis, as Trumper states in a review15, “that they are learner-centred. They induce students tobecome active participants in a scientific process in which they explore the physical world,analyze the data [and] draw conclusions”. However Lindwall16 has analyzed several learningenvironments and argues that many other environments fulfill conditions 1-6 described above,without achieving good results in conceptual tests. Results of my earlier studies show that thestudents achieve better results (using concept tests such as FCI17 and FMCE18 to measure success)if lab-instructions are created that apply teaching strategies in line with variation theory than ifthe teacher adopts a non-conceptual approach8, 9.This led to the following

Collection

2021 ASEE Pacific Southwest Conference - "Pushing Past Pandemic Pedagogy: Learning from Disruption"

Authors

Siddharth Vyas, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Paper ID #35224Studying the Experience of Electrical and Computer Engineering Studentsin a Face-to-Face Electronics Laboratory Course during COVID-19 PandemicDr. Siddharth Vyas, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Siddharth Vyas is a full-time lecturer of Electrical Engineering at the California Polytechnic State Uni- versity, San Luis Obispo. He teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in circuits and electronics. He received a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electronics and Instrumentation at the Medicaps Institute of Technology and Management, Indore, India, and an MS in Electrical Engineering

Conference Session

Improvements in ECE Signals and Systems

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anusha Sathyanarayanan Rao, Vanderbilt University; Jing Fan, Vanderbilt University; Cynthia J. Brame, Vanderbilt University; Bennett Allan Landman, Vanderbilt University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

] Gassert, John D., et al. "Cross-Disciplinary Biomedical Engineering Laboratories and Assessment of their Impact on Student Learning." American Society for Engineering Education. American Society for Engineering Education, 2011.[4] Sturm, Bob L., and Jerry D. Gibson. "Signals and Systems using MATLAB: an integrated suite of applications for exploring and teaching media signal processing." Frontiers in Education, 2005. FIE'05. Proceedings 35th Annual Conference. IEEE, 2005.[5] Thiagarajan, Jayaraman, J, et al. “On the use of LabVIEW in signals and systems”, Proceedings of ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, June 2009.[6] Simoni, Mario, M. Aburdene, and F. Fayyaz. "Analog-Circuit-Based Activities to Improve Introductory

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Hakan Gurocak

contains automation hardware, a PLC and an industrialrobot. In some of the laboratory sessions, the robot alone will be used to teach the fundamentalsof robot programming. The students will be controlling the robot over the Internet using customsoftware developed for this project. Details are explained in section III.1, Laboratory 5.The fundamentals of CNC programming will be taught using two table top Techno Da VinciCNC milling machines mounted on carts. These are small machines with 10” x 12” tables.Each machine will have a computer connected to it. This computer and a dedicated controlsoftware for the CNC will be accessed by the remote students using another software--pcANYWHERE. This is a software that uses server/client model. The server part

Conference Session

Thermal Fluid Related

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Siu Ling Leung, Pennsylvania State University; Eric Marsh, Pennsylvania State University; Stephen Lynch, Pennsylvania State University; H. J. Sommer III, Pennsylvania State University; Sean N. Brennan, Pennsylvania State University; Tak-Sing Wong, The Pennsylvania State University; Brian M. Foley, The Pennsylvania State University; Jean-Michel Mongeau, Pennsylvania State University; Daniel H. Cortes, Penn State University; Karen A. Thole, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Paper ID #32607A New Approach to Equip Students to Solve 21st-Century GlobalChallenges: Integrated Problem-Based Mechanical Engineering LaboratoryDr. Siu Ling Leung, Pennsylvania State University Dr. Siu Ling Leung is an Assistant Teaching Professor and the Director of Undergraduate Laboratories of the Mechanical Engineering Department at the Pennsylvania State University. She is developing a new engineering laboratory curriculum to empower students’ cognition skills and equipped them to solve real-world challenges. Her past engineering education experience includes undergraduate curriculum management, student advising

Conference Session

Manufacturing Materials and Processes

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dave (Dae-Wook) Kim, Washington State University, Vancouver; Wendy M. Olson, Washington State University, Vancouver

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

pedagogical research and undergraduate research projects, and his research interests include manufacturing laboratory pedagogy and writing pedagogy.Dr. Wendy M. Olson, Washington State University Vancouver Dr. Wendy Olson is a tenured Associate Professor of English and specialist in rhetoric and composition. She serves as the Director of Composition and Writing Assessment at Washington State University Van- couver, where she teaches undergraduate courses in first-year composition and professional and technical writing, as well as graduate courses in writing studies theory and pedagogy. Page 26.924.1

Conference Session

Virtual Instruction of Chemical Engineering Courses

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Andrew Maxson, The Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #34768Operation and Student Perceptions of a Large-scale, In-person UnitOperations Laboratory Course During the Covid-19 PandemicDr. Andrew Maxson, The Ohio State University Andrew Maxson is an assistant professor of practice in chemical engineering at The Ohio State University where he teaches Chemical Engineering Unit Operations. He earned his B.S. in chemical engineering from Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology and his M.S. and Ph.D. in chemical engineering at Ohio State. Having worked as a manufacturing process engineer for ten years, his focus is on optimizing the process of teaching, as well as hands-on

Conference Session

Design in Freshman and Sophomore Courses

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kip Coonley, Duke University; Martin Brooke, Duke University; Philip Ethier, Duke University; Hisham Massoud, Duke University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

devices, sensors, and circuits with a real-world emphasis on projectmanagement and design. The course is structured to encourage students to learn how to learn thetheoretical underpinnings of electronics through the design of laboratory projects. As such, lesstime is spent initially in the classroom teaching the theory behind important elements ofelectronics. Instead, in the later phases of the electronic project, after students have already hadan opportunity to experience working devices and circuits in the laboratory, instructors are muchbetter able to introduce students in greater depth to fundamental electronic theory. Studentexperiences in the laboratory with microelectronic devices and circuits motivate a richer, moremeaningful discussion

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Farrokh Attarzadeh, University of Houston; Deniz Gurkan, University of Houston; Mequanint Moges, University of Houston; Miguel Ramos, University of Houston; Victor Gallardo, University of Houston; Mehrube Mehrubeoglu, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi; Reddy Talusani, Houston Community College System

semester the Lab Management team and faculty offer a two-daylaboratory assistant orientation workshop. Teaching techniques, Safety procedures, professionaletiquette, and organization of laboratories were covered during the workshops. The conceptmaps workshop was part of the general orientation program and included the basic training andconcept mapping learning techniques (see additional document No 2). The orientation sessionincluded sample concept mapping applications to various lower and upper division courses,software, and practical tips on concept maps. These samples were created in the junior class (seeadditional documents No 3, No 4).The attendees were the general group of Lab Assistant (LA), Student Assistants (SA) and Under

Collection

2023 CIEC

Authors

Mert Bal; Reza Abrishambaf

Collaboration Copyright ©2023, American Society for Engineering Education ETD 465undergoing a paradigm shift from traditional in-person, classroom-based teaching to remote,online teaching. More higher education institutions have preferred online methods as preferredmethods for offering technology education for conveniences in scheduling, resource limitationsetc. However, online delivery modalities are seen as the most challenging in teaching Industry4.0 concepts. Due to the size and the high cost of the industry 4.0 laboratory equipment, it isoften impractical and not cost effective for higher education institution to provide hands

Collection

2011 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Michael G. Jenkins

  66   /evaluation, and feedback are essential aspects of how engineering programs achieve theiracademic aims. Teaching students to learn as well as assessing how well students learn areintegral parts of this new paradigm in engineering education.In this paper, the background of a mature “do-say” course in engineering mechanics, “Mechanicsof Materials Laboratory” is first described. Then, one of the exercises (Structures) within thecourse is presented in detail followed by a brief discussion of assessment and evaluation of thesuccess of student learning. Finally, some conclusions are drawn regarding the teaching andlearning aspects of this

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Barr, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #22308Work in Progress: Assessment of Google Docs and Drive for Enhanced Com-munication and Data Dissemination in a Unit Operations LaboratoryDr. Christopher James Barr, University of Michigan Dr. Christopher Barr is the Instructional Laboratory Supervisor in the Chemical Engineering Department at University of Michigan. He obtained his Ph.D. at University of Toledo in 2013 and is a former Fellow in the N.S.F. GK-12 grant ”Graduate Teaching Fellows in STEM High School Education: An Environmen- tal Science Learning Community at the Land-Lake Ecosystem Interface”. His main responsibilities are supervising and

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

. Cognitive research and the design of science instruction. Educational Psychologist, 17, 31-53.5. Mayer, R.E. 2003. The Promise of Multimedia Learning: Using the Same Instructional Design Methods across Different Media. Learning and Instruction, 13, 125-139.6. Scalise, K., M. Timms, A. Moorjani, L. Clark, K. Holtermann, and P.S. Irvin. 2011. Student Learning in Science Simulations: Design Features That Promote Learning Gains. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(9), 1050-1078.7. Mayer, R.E. and R. Moreno. 2002. Aids to Computer-Based Multimedia Learning. Learning and Instruction, 12, 107-119.8. Gunstone, R.F. and A.B. Champagne. 1990. Promoting Conceptual Change in the Laboratory. In The Student

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #11521Development and Implementation of Interactive Virtual Laboratories to HelpStudents Learn Threshold Concepts in Thermodynamics – Year 2Dr. Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University Milo Koretsky is a Professor of Chemical Engineering at Oregon State University. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from UC San Diego and his Ph.D. from UC Berkeley, all in Chemical Engineering. He currently has research activity in areas related engineering education and is interested in integrating technology into effective educational practices and in promoting the use of higher-level cognitive skills in engineering problem

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Paper ID #9411Development and Implementation of Interactive Virtual Laboratories to HelpStudents Learn Threshold Concepts in Thermodynamics – Year 1Dr. Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University Milo Koretsky is a Professor of Chemical Engineering at Oregon State University. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from UC San Diego and his Ph.D. from UC Berkeley, all in Chemical Engineering. He currently has research activity in areas related engineering education and is interested in integrating technology into effective educational practices and in promoting the use of higher-level cognitive skills in engineering problem

Conference Session

ET Distance Learning: Instruction & Labs

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard Jones; John Hackworth

Session 1648 Assessment Methods for Comparison of On-Campus And Distance Learning Laboratory Courses In an Engineering Technology Program John R. Hackworth, Richard L. Jones Old Dominion UniversityI. Abstract Assessment methodology and results for two Electrical Engineering Technologylaboratory courses are shown. In these cases, courses are offered in both the traditional on-campus and non-traditional distance learning format, assessment methods are prescribed,assessment data are taken, and the results compiled

Conference Session

Curriculum Development in Manufacturing Engineering Technology

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Mohammad Davoud

successful in the job market,considering the recent economic downturn, it is imperative that they have a practical knowledgeof automation, production, and CIM systems. The MET program at Georgia Southern Universityhas three areas of emphasis, one of which is materials/manufacturing. One course in this area isAutomation and Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems (CIMS). This course utilizes alaboratory which was initially funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) in 1992 [8]. Dueto significant advances in computer software and hardware, the technology has changeddramatically since 1992. In response to these changes the CIMS laboratory at GSU was recentlyupgraded. This teaching laboratory is an integral part of the Automation & CIMS

Conference Session

Using Animation and Simulation in ET

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Gregory Smith; Adam Siurek; Jamie Workman

sections in the fall and onesection in the spring. On lab days, the students are broken down into smaller laboratory groupsto perform the experiments, however, all groups perform the same experiment during the allottedtwo-hour time period. Without a teaching assistant, the instructor must explain and/ordemonstrate the laboratory procedure to several groups prior to each start-up. This takes aconsiderable amount of time and slows the groups down, but has always been a necessarycomponent. Also, unless the instructor takes the time to predict how long each group should taketo do the experiment and schedule the groups to come in on a staggered timetable, severalstudents must wait for the equipment to become free as the groups progress through

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Laboratory and SoC Developments

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bill Carroll, The University of Texas at Arlington; Jason Losh, The University of Texas at Arlington

) Department at the University of Texas atArlington and is offered as CSE 4356 System on Chip Design for computer engineeringundergraduates, as CSE 5356 for computer engineering graduate students, and as EE 5315 forelectrical engineering graduate students. It is taught as one course combining all numbers. Allstudents are given the same lectures, course materials, assignments, and projects. Gradingstandards and expectations are the same for all students as well. The course in its current formwas first offered in fall 2020 and was taught online due to COVID-19 restrictions. The coursewas offered again in fall 2021 in a traditional on-campus, in-person mode of delivery. Twoseasoned educators, with more than eighty years of total teaching experience