Conference Session

Entrepreneurism in BME

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Alene Harris; Stacy Klein-Gardner

XXXX Educational Outreach Using Learning-Theory-Informed Modules Alene H. Harris, Ph.D., Stacy Klein, Ph.D. Department of Teaching and Learning, Vanderbilt University / Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt UniversityIntroduction For the past four years bioengineering and learning science faculties of VanderbiltUniversity, Northwestern University, the University of Texas at Austin, and Harvard/MIT HealthSciences Technology have collaborated in the NSF-sponsored VaNTH Engineering ResearchCenter for Bioengineering Education and Technology. Two of the Education

Collection

2025 ASEE North Central Section (NCS) Annual Conference

Authors

Seyed Mohammad Seyed Ardakani P.E., Ohio Northern University; Julia Kamatali, Ohio Northern University

effective. While the game is still in development, the proposed design representsgreat potential to improve learning in a core engineering course.References[1] R. Austin and B. Hunter, “ict policy and implementation in education: Cases in canada, northern ireland and ireland,” European Journal of Education, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 178– 192, Feb. 2013. doi:10.1111/ejed.12013[2] O. S. Kaya and E. Ercag, “The impact of applying challenge-based Gamification Program on students’ learning outcomes: Academic achievement, motivation and flow,” Education and Information Technologies, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 10053–10078, Jan. 2023. doi:10.1007/s10639-023-11585-z[3] L. Jaramillo-Mediavilla, A. Basantes-Andrade, M. Cabezas-González

Conference Session

Innovations in Design within BME Curricula

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gail Baura, Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences; Tiffany Berry, Ph.D., Claremont Graduate University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

Device Technologies: A System-Based Overview Using Engineering Standards 1 isdivided into two Parts. In Part I, foundational medical device topics, such as some commonsensors of medical instruments, are described in chapter 1. Students are then exposed to 19 basicmedical devices in 19 chapters: the electrocardiograph, pacemaker, external defibrillator,implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), heart valve, blood pressure monitor, catheter/baremetal stent, hemodialysis delivery system, mechanical ventilator, pulse oximeter, thermometer,electroencephalograph, deep brain stimulator, cochlear implant, functional electrical stimulator,intraocular lens implant, hip prosthesis, drug-eluting stent, and artificial pancreas. The medicaldevices chosen

Conference Session

Liberal Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Meyer, Clarkson University; Dick Pratt, Clarkson University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

set of course distributionrequirements. We initiated the discussion of what these outcomes should be by proposing a setof goals for all graduates.Development of OutcomesOur initial proposal originated from within the School of Engineering. With the ABET EC20001criteria and the University's mission statement as starting points, we proposed a set of six goalsfor all graduates, not just engineering students. These goals were in addition to those required bya student's major department and are stated here: Communication: Graduates should have the ability to communicate their ideas effectively using traditional written and oral presentations as well as using modern information technology. Cultural Diversity: Graduates should have an

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 8

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheryl Matherly, The University of Tulsa; Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California; Sarah R. Phillips, Rice University & University of Hawaii - Manoa; Cody Alan Chapman, University of Tulsa

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

what is good for the global community in engineering related efforts, and notjust one’s own country or group. It refers to one’s ability to make sound judgements based onglobal needs in which engineering and associated technologies can have impact on globalimprovement. Finally, Global Engineering Community Connectedness is the last subscale. Thissubscale refers to one’s awareness of humanity and appreciation of interrelatedness of all peopleand nations and the role that engineering can play in improving humanity, solving humanproblems via engineering technologies, and meeting human needs across national boundaries[23].Table 2: EGPI Sample Items by Selected Subscales/Constructs Subcale/Construct Sample Index Item Engineering Ethics

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William C. Oakes, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica E. Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette; William Travis Horton, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Great Teachers. He was the first engineer to receive the U.S. Campus Compact Thomas Ehrlich Faculty Award for Service-Learning. He was a co-recipient of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering’s Bernard Gordon Prize for Innovation in En- gineering and Technology Education and the recipient of the ASEE Chester Carlson Award for Innovation in Engineering Education. He is a fellow of ASEE and the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE).Dr. Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University, West Lafayette Carla B. Zoltowski, Ph.D., is Co-Director of the EPICS Program at Purdue University. She received her B.S. and M.S. in electrical engineering and Ph.D. in engineering education, all from Purdue University. She has

Conference Session

International Division (INTL): Cultivating Global Competencies

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Corinne Mowrey, University of Dayton; Scott James Schneider, University of Dayton; Michael Moulton, University of Dayton; Philip Appiah-Kubi, University of Dayton; Erick S. Vasquez, University of Dayton; Homero Murzi, Marquette University; Jeanne Holcomb, University of Dayton

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International Division (INTL)

Paper ID #49139Impacting Global Mindset Using International Case StudiesDr. Corinne Mowrey, University of Dayton Dr. Corinne Mowrey is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Management, Systems and Technology at the University of Dayton. She received her BS in Civil Engineering from the Ohio State University, and both her MS in Industrial and Human Factors Engineering and PhD in Engineering from Wright State University.Prof. Scott James Schneider, University of DaytonMichael Moulton, University of DaytonDr. Philip Appiah-Kubi, University of Dayton Dr. Appiah-Kubi is an Associate Professor at the University of

Conference Session

ECE Online Courses, Labs and Programs

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Abhilasha Tibrewal; Tarek Sobh

theprogram objectives and outcomes to specific course materials where they areimplemented. This process also includes browsing the course versus outcomes matrix andindividual course grids. The feedback loop is closed with the evaluation of the courseversus outcomes and outcomes versus ABET criteria matrix. Program objectives andprogram constituents such as the students and alumni are also involved in the process.The achievement of the program outcomes and objectives is at the heart of the assessmentprocess. In this paper, the focus is on the program outcomes and how they are achieved atthe course level.1. IntroductionThe Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) is a professionalaccrediting organization that accredits applied science

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donna M Riley, Virginia Tech; Jennifer Karlin, University of Southern Maine; Jennifer L Pratt, University of Southern Maine, Muskie School of Public Service; Stephanie Quiles-Ramos, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #19202Building Social Infrastructure for Achieving Change at ScaleDr. Donna M Riley, Virginia Tech Donna Riley is Professor of Engineering Education at Virginia Tech.Dr. Jennifer Karlin, University of Southern Maine Jennifer Karlin spent the first half of her career at the South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, where she was a professor of industrial engineering and held the Pietz professorship for entrepreneurship and economic development. She is now at the University of Southern Maine where she is a research professor of engineering and the curriculum specialist for the Maine Regulatory Training and

Collection

2003 ASEE North Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Julia Apple-Smith; Dave Holger; Shannon Miner

Iowa State University College of Engineering Ames, IowaInternational Multi-Partner Action (IMPACT) Initiative Julia Apple-Smith Director, Engineering International Programs College of Engineering Iowa State University Dave Holger Associate Dean, College of Engineering Iowa State University Shannon Miner Program Coordinator Engineering International Programs Iowa State University Submitted for consideration to: ASEE North Midwest Regional Conference

Conference Session

Energy Conversion and Conservation Division Technical Session 2: Solar Track

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Reg Pecen, Sam Houston State University; Keith L. Coogler, Sam Houston State University; Faruk Yildiz, Sam Houston State University; Ulan Dakeev, Sam Houston State University; Lance David Sebesta

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

Paper ID #34552Design and Implementation of Solar PV Charging Stations for City ofHuntsville Aquatic CenterDr. Reg Pecen, Sam Houston State University Dr. Reg Pecen is currently a Quanta Endowed Professor of the Department of Engineering Technology at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas. Dr. Pecen was formerly a professor and program chairs of Electrical Engineering Technology and Graduate (MS and Doctoral) Programs in the Depart- ment of Technology at the University of Northern Iowa (UNI). Dr. Pecen served as 2nd President and Professor at North American University in Houston, TX from July 2012 through

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Jackson, University of Georgia; Nathan Mentzer, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Scott R. Bartholomew, Brigham Young University; Wonki Lee, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Jessica Marie Yauney; Scott Thorne, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Daniel Bayah

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

instruments for assessing design decision-making. Andrew received a PhD in Technology through Purdue’s Polytechnic Institute, with an emphasis on Engineering and Technol- ogy Teacher Education, and completed postdoctoral research at Yale University. He is the recipient of a 2015 Ross Fellowship from Purdue University and has been recognized as a 21st Century Fellow by the International Technology and Engineering Educators Association.Prof. Nathan Mentzer, Purdue University, West Lafayette Nathan Mentzer is an assistant professor in the College of Technology with a joint appointment in the College of Education at Purdue University. Hired as a part of the strategic P12 STEM initiative, he prepares Engineering/Technology

Collection

2015 ERC

Authors

Robert Kraus

release. 10 University Centers of Excellence• Flexibility and continuous quality assurance• Perform excellent research in high priority Air Force interest areas• Strengthen AFRL in-house technical capabilities by providing frequent substantive professional interchanges between AFRL and university personnel• Educate students in vital technology areas and offer opportunities for AFRL new employee recruitment• Jointly managed and funded by AFOSR and AFRL TDs Current Centers of Excellence (CoEs): • Assured Cloud Computing (RI/Univ. of Illinois) • High-rate Deformation Physics of Heterogeneous Materials (RW/Cal Tech) • Integrated Computational Material Science and Engineering of Structural

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Ronald H. Rockland

ten-year follow-up study of EET graduates was completed. This study concerned itself with current and past job functions, salary analysis, job progression,prior (to graduating) work experience and course analysis. This paper will concentrate on thecourse analysis. SURVEY DEMOGRAPHICS A survey was sent out to over 450 graduates of the electrical engineering technology programat NJIT, representing graduates from this program over a ten year period. The 60 graduatesresponding represented a 13% response rate. While names and other demographic informationwere optional, over 80% of the respondents included that information. This will help withfurther follow-up studies. Over 85% of the respondents worked two

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

William J. Hutzel

% of this staggering total. In terms of the football field example, the annual energyused for heating, cooling, lighting, and appliances is equivalent to a coal pile over 100 mileshigh. Although the availability of coal and other fossil fuels is gradually decreasing, U.S. energyconsumption is steadily increasing.2 It is not surprising that new technologies for efficientlymanaging energy use, particularly energy used for indoor climate control, are becomingextremely important.The growing importance of energy conservation is reflected by several new career opportunitiesfor Technologists and Engineers. Maintenance engineering, which involves operating andmaintaining mechanical equipment for climate control of modern commercial buildings

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tolga Kaya, Central Michigan University; Kumar Yelamarthi, Central Michigan University; Brian P DeJong, Central Michigan University; Qin Hu, Central Michigan University; Shaopeng Cheng, Central Michigan University ; Steve Kettler, Alma High School; Daniel Chen, Central Michigan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #6888Learned Lessons from the First Year Research Experiences for Teachers Pro-gramDr. Tolga Kaya, Central Michigan University Dr. Tolga Kaya currently holds a joint assistant professor position in the School of Engineering and Technology and the Science of Advanced Materials program at Central Michigan University. Prior to joining CMU, Dr. Kaya was a post-doctorate associate at Yale University from 2007 to 2010, a research and teaching assistant at Istanbul Technical University from 1999 to 2007. In 2007, he was a consultant at Brightwell Corp. Dr. Kaya was also a senior VLSI analog design engineer and project

Conference Session

Best Practices and Lessons Learned in Capstone Design Projects

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Tech.); Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University (Tech.); Richard Chiou, Drexel University (Eng. & Eng. Tech.); Joshua Konstantinos

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Paper ID #10225Interdisciplinary Senior Design Project to Develop a Teaching Tool: DragonConductive 3D PrinterDr. Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Tech.) Yalcin Ertekin received his Ph.D. degree in mechanical Engineering from Missouri University of Science and Technology (formerly The University of Missouri-Rolla). He is a Certified Quality Engineer (CQE) and Certified Manufacturing Engineer (CMfgE). His teaching responsibilities include Computer Numeri- cal Control, manufacturing processes, applied quality control, mechanical design, and applied mechanics, manufacturing information management systems, introduction to

Conference Session

Works in Progress: Curricula and Pathways

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nebil Buyurgan, Missouri State University; Martin P. Jones, Missouri State University; Kevin M. Hubbard Ph.D., Missouri State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Paper ID #16654A Systematic Weighted Factor Approach for Curriculum DesignDr. Nebil Buyurgan, Missouri State UniversityDr. Martin P. Jones, Missouri State University Martin P. Jones is an Associate Professor of Technology and Construction Management at Missouri State University. He earned his B.S. degree (Physics, 1981) from University of Maryland Baltimore County, M.S. (Materials Science & Engineering, 1984) from the Johns Hopkins University, and Ph. D. (Materials Science & Engineering, 1987) from the Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Jones is currently teaching at Mis- souri State University. His interests are in

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Vladimir I. Prodanov, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; John Greene, Maxim Integrated

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

Paper ID #22488Alumni Grassroots Leadership Enables Sponsored Course DevelopmentDr. Vladimir I. Prodanov, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Vlad Prodanov received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, both in electrical engineering, from the State Univer- sity of New York at Stony Brook in 1995 and 1997 respectively. He was with Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies from 1997 until 2000 and Agere Systems from 2000 to 2004. From 2004 to 2008 he was a member of MHI Consulting. He joined the EE Dept., Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA in 2008 where he is now a tenured Associate Professor. Dr. Prodanov has worked on

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Willie E. (Skip) Rochefort

revised process flowsheet withthe incorporation of new waste minimization technologies, and a cost analysisfor process revisions and potential savings from process modifications and wasteminimization. Two additional MEL developed modules are also available to Page 3.57.1students for this portion of the assignment: Wastewater Treatment Plant andVisual Encyclopedia of Chemical Engineering Equipmentt. With the addition of thepollution prevention component, students are exposed to an "open-ended" designproblem similar to that which they might traditionally encounter in a seniorlevel design class.The various tasks in the project vary from presentation of a process

Conference Session

Track 7: Technical Session 1: Agriculture & Nutrition for Girls While Encouraging Leadership & Stem-Enrichment (ANGELS) Program

Collection

2025 Collaborative Network for Engineering & Computing Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Sandra C Affare, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Marissa McElrone, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga; Rachelle Pedersen, Texas Tech University

Tagged Topics

2025 CoNECD Paper Submissions, Diversity

Paper ID #45151Agriculture & Nutrition for Girls While Encouraging Leadership & Stem-Enrichment(ANGELS) ProgramDr. Sandra C Affare, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Dr. Sandra C. Affare is an Adjunct Professor in the Engineering Management and Technology Department at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UTC). Teaching at UTC is a surreal opportunity as she obtained a B.S. in Engineering and MBA with a concentration in Production and Operations Management there. She earned a doctorate in Industrial and Systems Engineering with a concentration in Engineering Management from the University of

Conference Session

Military and Veterans Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Vukica M. Jovanovic, Old Dominion University; Michael Anthony Crespo, Granby High School, Norfolk Public Schools, Norfolk, VA; Drew E. Brown, Old Dominion University; Deborah Marshall, Norfolk Public Schools Career & Technical Ed. Dept.; Otilia Popescu, Old Dominion University; Murat Kuzlu, Old Dominion University; Petros J. Katsioloudis, Old Dominion University; Linda Vahala, Old Dominion University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Military and Veterans

Paper ID #34943A Look into Increasing the Number of Veterans and Former GovernmentEmployees Converting to Career and Technical Cybersecurity TeachersDr. Vukica M. Jovanovic, Old Dominion University Dr. Vukica Jovanovic is a Batten Fellow and an Associate Professor of Engineering Technology in the Mechanical Engineering Technology Program. She holds a Ph.D. from Purdue University in Mechanical Engineering Technology, focuses on Digital Manufacturing, Magistar (Ph.D. candidate) degree in Indus- trial Engineering and Management, focused on Production Systems Design, and dipl. ing. degree in Industrial Engineering focused on

Conference Session

Systems Approach to Teaching ET

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

John Robertson

departments. • In a world of rapidly changing technology, the basics are constant. That gives Page 10.1467.1 comfort to some, especially when allied to the more subtle desire to preserve a measure of elitism in a mass education market. Proceedings of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2005, American Society for Engineering Education • Any group of practicing engineers will readily admit that in their entire careers they have used only a very small proportion of their math skills.Each of these points has enough validity to guarantee endless

Conference Session

Implementing the BOK - Can it Be Done?

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Karl Meyer; Allen Estes; Ronald Welch

engineer with the ability to design a particular system can take responsibility for the system, identifying all the necessary aspects of the design, and match objectives with appropriate technological solutions. As an engineer develops, the engineer’s abilities also develop so that more challenging and difficult problems can be solved.The reasoning behind the levels of competency is that attainment of the BOK is expected tooccur through formal education and practical experience during the pre-licensure and post-licensure periods. Figure 1 shows where each level of BOK competency is expected to beattained. For the portion of the BOK that is expected to be achieved through formal education,the job of the Curriculum

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen Wosczyna-Birch, National Center for Next Generation Manufacturing

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #39018Board 340: Mentoring to Support Community Colleges through the NSFATEProposal Submission ProcessDr. Karen Wosczyna-Birch, National Center for Next Generation Manufacturing Dr. Karen Wosczyna-Birch has been a champion of engineering and technology education for the past 30 years. Since 1995, she has been the state director of the CT College of Technology (COT) where her leadership has been instrumental in creating nationally recognized seamless pathway programs in engineering and technology between all 12 public community colleges in CT with 10 universities and high schools. She is also the Executive

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Margot A Vigeant, Bucknell University; Michael J. Prince, Bucknell University; Katharyn E. K. Nottis, Bucknell University; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

. She is also interested in active, collaborative, and problem-based learning, and in the ways hands-on activities and technology in general and games in particular can be used to improve student engagement.Dr. Michael J. Prince, Bucknell UniversityDr. Katharyn E. K. Nottis, Bucknell University Dr. Nottis is an Educational Psychologist and Professor of Education at Bucknell University. Her research has focused on meaningful learning in science and engineering education, approached from the perspec- tive of Human Constructivism. She has authored several publications and given numerous presentations on the generation of analogies, misconceptions, and facilitating learning in science and engineering educa- tion. She has

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

John Valasek

-90-3257-CP.2. NEWBERRY, CONRAD F., and FOWLER, WALLACE T., "The Role of Design Within University Engineering Curricula," AIAA 92-1090, Aerospace Design Conference, Irvine, CA, 3-6 February 1992.3. NEWBERRY, CONRAD F., "Regaining First-Class Status for Engineering Design Education," Aerospace America, Vol. 30 No. 3, March 1992, p. B44.4. NEWBERRY, CONRAD F., "The Undergraduate Education of the Configurator," AIAA-87-2890, AIAA/AHS/ASEE Aircraft Design, Systems, and Operations Meeting, St. Louis, MO, 14-16 September 1987.5. PHILLIPS, EDWARD H., "Focus on Accident Prevention Key to Future Airline Safety," Aviation Week & Space Technology, McGraw-Hill Inc., August 29, 1994, pp. 52-53.6

Collection

2010 ERC

Authors

Lueny M. Morell

 that replaces the traditional distribution of mass­produced materials HP LABS’ RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION: Breakthrough technology to accelerate the transformation to digital commercial printing BIG BETS:PRINTING PROCESSES FOR  COMMERCIAL PRINT DIGITAL COMMERCIAL PRINT  AUTOMATION Print engine,  Web­based printing, intuitive high­performance materials  color, creative workflow,  quality assurance 6  ©2009 HP Confidential  ©2009  CONTENT TRANSFORMATION END STATE: Complete convergence of physical and digital information HP LABS’ RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION: Technologies to transfer content seamlessly from paper to digital and access digital content wherever paper is used today BIG

Collection

2010 ERC

Authors

Lueny Morell

 that replaces the traditional distribution of mass­produced materials HP LABS’ RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION: Breakthrough technology to accelerate the transformation to digital commercial printing BIG BETS:PRINTING PROCESSES FOR  COMMERCIAL PRINT DIGITAL COMMERCIAL PRINT  AUTOMATION Print engine,  Web­based printing, intuitive high­performance materials  color, creative workflow,  quality assurance 6  ©2009 HP Confidential  ©2009  CONTENT TRANSFORMATION END STATE: Complete convergence of physical and digital information HP LABS’ RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION: Technologies to transfer content seamlessly from paper to digital and access digital content wherever paper is used today BIG

Conference Session

Ethics across the Curriculum

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

William J. Frey; Halley D. Sánchez; Jose Cruz-Cruz

student workon ethics integration exercises. Several universities have designed workshops to address theseneeds that are feasible, given the time and energy constraints that engineering faculty have. Forexample, the Illinois Institute of Technology offers a 7-day workshop that prepares faculty inEAC.9In short, EAC can effectively respond to ABET 2000 ethics concerns: (1) it presents studentswith a better integrated curriculum that shows that ethics is a key component of engineeringpractice; (2) it makes abstract engineering concepts concrete so it actually can aid in teaching Page 7.528.4engineering; (3) it represents a viable alternative to a