Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering Poster

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Saleh Sbenaty

currently an Associate Professor of Engineering Technology at Middle Tennessee StateUniversity. He received the BS degree in EE from Damascus University, Syria and the MS and Ph.D. degrees in EEfrom Tennessee Technological University. He is the current team leader of the Nashville Tech. team and activelyengaged in curriculum development for technology education. He has written and co-authored several case studies.He is also conducting research in the area of mass spectrometry, power electronics, lasers, and instrumentation. Page 7.354.8 Proceedings of the 2002 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference &

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

S. A. Tennyson; R. J. Eggert; D. Bunnell

, exceedthe minimum requirements for ABET accreditation.Design, being central to the practice of engineering, was given significant consideration,especially how to integrate design across the curriculum (DAC). The essence of DAC issomewhat captured in the following phrase: “...Design cannot be taught in one course; it is an experience that must grow with the student’s development.” (1996/97 Criteria for Accrediting Programs in Engineering in the United States, section IV.C.3.d.(3)(d), ABET, Inc.)A draft policy on Design Across the Curriculum was prepared and distributed to the faculty in Page 3.193.1August 1996. A revised draft

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

John W. Pierre; Badrul H. Chowdhury; Jerry Hamann; Raymond Jacquot

engineers with apower engineering background. A variety of approaches to this enhancement are being exploredat eight institutions funded by the project. The University of Wyoming was fortunate to be ableto participate in this effort and many of these curricular changes have been reported elsewhere.1What will be outlined here are some of the computer exercises integrated into the non-powerportions of the EE curriculum that address power issues.The University of Wyoming has a modest program in electrical power so a significant part of oureffort was devoted to the incorporation of electrical power concepts into non-power courses suchas electronics, signals and systems, digital design and microprocessor system design. The threecourses discussed here

Conference Session

Revitalization of Manufacturing Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ananda Mani Paudel, Metropolitan State University of Denver; Devi Kiran Kalla, Metropolitan State University of Denver

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

that uses AM to supplement instruction in finite element analysis8 , orto model rocketry to enhance learning in undergraduate engineering design projects9. An inter-disciplinary approach of designing and developing of a 3D printer machine, by integrating theknowledge of CAD/computer aided manufacturing (CAM), and automation methods acquired inother courses10 enable deeper learning. A few institutions are offering courses in a moretraditional format into their engineering programs. For example, Austin Peay State Universityhas offered a concentration in their undergraduate manufacturing curriculum11. Ohio NorthernUniversity developed a curriculum on digital manufacturing and simulation12. Courses such asAdditive Manufacturing: Theory and

Conference Session

Insights for Teaching ECE Courses - Session II

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kelvin T. Erickson, Missouri University of Science & Technology

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

control has been undergoing a transformation over the past thirty years.The number of control engineering positions in manufacturing has been dramatically increasingto the point that the majority of new control engineering positions is now in manufacturing andinvolves programmable logic controllers (PLCs). The typical college or university has been slowto recognize this trend. This paper describes three courses that were developed to satisfy thisdemand. All three courses present the subject of programming PLCs with an emphasis on theengineering and the design of the programs. These courses contain an integral laboratorycomponent that solidifies the concepts presented in the lectures. Best practices for PLC designand the application of standards

Collection

1998 Annual Conference

Authors

Edward Doskocz; Alan R. Klayton; Parris C. Neal; Ruth D. Fogg; Scott A. Stefanov; Pamela J. Neal; George W. P. York; Daniel J. Pack; Cameron Wright; Steven Barrett

- LCD text and graphic display interface and serial mouse interface, • Calculator - advanced interrupt techniques and keypad interfacing, • Digital Filtering - Digital-to-analog and ADC conversion techniques. ROBOLAB. ROBOLAB is an in-house developed, motorized robotics platform usedwith PORTOLAB in the EE382 Microcomputer Programming course to teach assembly languageprogramming techniques and microcontroller hardware concepts. The director of the courseintroduced the ROBOLAB concept to achieve course objectives of teaching assembly languageconcepts, microcontroller hardware components, and interfacing techniques in a motivationalatmosphere. The director also wanted to focus the course on an overall, integrated course

Conference Session

Cooperative & Experiential Education Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard F. Vaz, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Paula Quinn, Quinn Evaluation Consulting

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

given a homework assignment but have basically created their own homework and then executed on it [because] to some extent, that’s what we do in the work world.From a management perspective, a project-based learning curriculum is an asset to employers:A project-based learning curriculum makes recruitment, training, integration, and advancementof employees easier for employers. Every employer who had been aware that WPI had a project-based learning curriculum or required students to complete at least one project or team-basedactivity identified experience doing project work—in and of itself—as a reason to hire graduates.Their positions were reflected in the statement of one employer who said that completing aproject in the context of a

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Rick Duley; A Boyanich; S P Maj

reducing the volume of information which has to be transmittedin the classroom while allowing the students to formulate an adequate conceptual model of thecontent of the knowledge area. This paper introduces the classroom-proven concept of B-Nodeswhich present each device within a PC (microprocessor, hard disc drive etc.) as a datasource/sink capable, to various degrees, of data storage, processing and transmission.Independent of architectural detail, experimental work to date has demonstrated that this modelcan accommodate rapid changes in technology, avoiding time-consuming transmission of lowlevel detail while maintaining conceptual integrity1. Volume of material — the perennial problemSince Curriculum ’68 (CC’68) was published, designers of

Collection

2022 ASEE Gulf Southwest Annual Conference

Authors

Hua Li, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Kai Jin, Texas A&M University - Kingsville; Ruth Chatelain-Jardon, Texas A&M University - Kingsville

, “Securing the information and communications technology global supply chain from exploitation: Developing a strategy for education, training, and awareness,” Proceedings of the Informing Science and Information Technology Education Conference, Porto, Portugal, July 1-6, 2013, pp. 313-324. 8. Newhouse, W., Keith, S., Scribner, B., & Witte, G., 2017, —National initiative for cybersecurity education (NICE) cybersecurity workforce framework, NIST special publication, 800(2017), 181. 9. Li, H., & Jin, K., 2020, —An Innovation Framework to Integrate Engineering Standards into Industrial Engineering Graduate Curriculum, Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Systems, 5(2), 80-87

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

William A. Kitch, Angelo State University; Andrea L. Robledo, Angelo State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

.). Exposure to the componentis measured by time. During the development of the fidelity checklist, the necessary timerequired for participants to gain the knowledge, skill or ability is predetermined. The actual timedevoted to the component is recorded on the checklist. Finally, the responsiveness of theaudience is also recorded. Here the evaluator is determining the audience’s engagement with thecontent (Gerstner & Finney, 2013). By assessing the training program in this way, a morethorough understanding of the program components can be assessed and the intended curriculumversus the presented curriculum can be evaluated holistically.An implementation fidelity assessment provides an environment where programmaticcomponents are articulated

Collection

2003 ASEE North Midwest Section Conference

Authors

James A. Davis; Melissa Dark

]. There is an urgent need to significantly increase the number of graduates who areprepared for careers in the IA fields. A major barrier to meeting this challenge is that fewUniversities currently offer a comprehensive IA educational program; furthermore, sufficientnumbers of experienced faculty to ramp up such an effort does not exist. Given the growingneed for graduates educated in computer security and the current lack of a capacity to meet thatneed, there is a premium placed on leveraging existing expertise by sharing instructionalmaterials for core concepts. This will succeed on the scale needed only if there is an acceptedIA curriculum framework in place. CNSS Job

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

John Orr; Richard Vaz

the hopefor a favorable engineering job market four years later. If potential students understand that theiroptions include fields such as law, business, medicine, and education, the possibility of adownturn in the need for entry-level engineers will seem less ominous.4. What Constitutes a Computer Engineering Education?In developing an ECE curriculum the logical starting point would be the typical curricula forelectrical engineering and computer engineering majors. It is interesting to note that, to theauthors’ knowledge, nothing which could be referred to as an “EE Model Curriculum” exists.There is, however, an emerging model curriculum for computer engineering. The draftACM/IEEE model Computer Engineering curriculum6 presents a detailed

Conference Session

Technical Session T1A

Collection

2022 First-Year Engineering Experience

Authors

James R McCusker PhD, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Christopher John Brigham, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Afsaneh Ghanavati, Wentworth Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Full Papers

American Chemical Society, American Society of Microbiology and American Society of Engineering Education. In addition to teaching and research, Professor Brigham serves on the Wentworth Faculty Senate and the Biological Engineering ABET and Curriculum Development Committee.Dr. Afsaneh Ghanavati, Wentworth Institute of Technology Afsaneh Ghanavati received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Shiraz University, Iran in 1998, and the M.S. and the Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Northeastern University, Boston, MA in 2012 and 2018 respectively. She is currently an assistant professor in the electrical and computer engineering program, school of engineering at Wentworth Institute of Technology. Her present

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xumin Liu, Rochester Institute of Technology; Rajendra K Raj, Rochester Institute of Technology; Chunmei Liu, Howard University; Alex Pantaleev, SUNY Oswego

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

joined Howard University in 2006 as an Assistant Professor. Her research interests are algorithms and computational biology.Dr. Alex Pantaleev, SUNY Oswego Alex Pantaleev received a B.A. degree in computer science from the American University in Bulgaria, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, in 2003, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in computer science from the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio in 2007 and 2008, respectively. He is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science at the State University of New York, Oswego. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2016 Incorporating Service-Oriented Programming into the Computer Science Curriculum using Course

Conference Session

Computational Tools and Simulation I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nabil Lehlou, University of Arkansas; Nebil Buyurgan, University of Arkansas; Justin Chimka, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2009-1519: AN ON-LINE RFID LABORATORY LEARNING ENVIRONMENTAND THE ASSESSMENT OF ITS USERS’ EDUCATIONNabil Lehlou, University of ArkansasNebil Buyurgan, University of ArkansasJustin Chimka, University of Arkansas Page 14.209.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 An Online RFID Laboratory Learning Environment and the Assessment of its User’s EducationAbstractDue to the increasing demand for RFID expertise and the existence of a knowledge gap betweenindustry and academia in this domain, work has been stimulated to help spread understanding inthis field and bridge the gap between theoretical examinations and industrial practices

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mary Kay Camarillo P.E., University of the Pacific; Eileen Kogl Camfield, University of California at Merced

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

” group, led by the secondauthor. The group provided a forum for brainstorming ideas and the course provided a platformfor testing these strategies. Four recommendations evolved from this effort: 1.) Education onteam function and bias in team dynamics is helpful. 2.) Teamwork skills and strategies forcollaboration and conflict resolution need to be taught. 3.) Mentoring and engaging withstudents is an important aspect of the process and can be enhanced to better serve women. 4.)Reflection and self-assessment exercises can be integrated to build self-efficacy and confidencein students. Assessment was done using data collected from mid-term evaluations, peerevaluations, self-assessment exercises, input from industry judges, and teaching evaluations

Conference Session

Hardware Applications

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alisa N. Gilmore, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Jose M. Santos, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Aaron Joseph Mills, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

AC 2011-2200: COMPUTER INTERFACE INNOVATIONS FOR AN ECEMOBILE ROBOTICS PLATFORM APPLICABLE TO K-12 AND UNIVER-SITY STUDENTSAlisa N. Gilmore, University of Nebraska - Lincoln Alisa N. Gilmore, P.E. is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Computer and Electronics Engineering at the University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Since 2006, she has served as Senior Staff for administering NSF grants in the ITEST and Discovery K-12 programs associated with using robotics in the K-12 arena to educate teachers and motivate student achievement in STEM. At the University, she has developed and taught courses in robotics, electrical circuits and telecommunications. Prior to coming to UNL, Ms. Gilmore worked in telecommunications and

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yalcin Ertekin, Drexel University (Engineering Technology); Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University (Tech.); Radian G Belu, Drexel University (Tech.); Jack G. Zhou, Drexel University (Eng.)

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

exposure to potential careers in the CNCand modern manufacturing technology areas of manufacturing, as well as the overcomingprecision metrology skills shortages by incorporating current advances in CNC technology andengineering metrology into our undergraduate program with an emphasis placed on thelaboratory activities and projects that will simulate innovative design, design analysis andprocess simulation, prototyping and improvement cycle. 2) Using Project Centered Learning(PCL) pedagogy in the learning modules, students will develop skills to confront ambiguity anduncertainty as expected and integral part of the solving engineering problems.Through the developed and implemented experimental settings during this project, we arebeginning to

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division Technical Session 6: Computer Science Freshman Courses

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Dawn McKinney, University of South Alabama; Alex Daniel Edgcomb, Zybooks; Roman Lysecky, University of Arizona; Frank Vahid, University of California, Riverside

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Paper ID #28920Improving Pass Rates by Switching from a Passive to an Active LearningTextbook in CS0Ms. Dawn McKinney, University of South Alabama Dawn McKinney, a Senior Instructor and Curriculum Coordinator for Computer Science at the University of South Alabama, has been conducting research on Teaching and Learning for over 23 years and has co- authored over 25 papers which have been presented at SISCSE, ASEE, FIE, XP/Agile Universe, Interna- tional Conference on The First-Year Experience, Southeastern Learning Community Consortium, Council on Undergraduate Research National Conference, and the South Alabama Conference

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Ram Mohan; Steven Parks; Krisnamurthy Jayaraman; Edward Evans; Siamack Shirazi; Ovadia Shoham; Mei Zhuang; Marilyn Amey; Keith Wisecarver; George Chase; Charles Petty; Andre Benard

University,and the University of Tulsa. The objective of the project is to develop a new curriculum for teachingundergraduate and graduate students multiphase computational fluid dynamics for advanced design.The impact of multiphase flow research on solving practical engineering problems is an integral partof the learning experience. Industrial participants in the project provide specific design problemsrelated to emerging technologies. Students are taught the fundamentals of computational fluiddynamics (CFD) during a one-week workshop. This is followed by an Internet course on multiphasetransport phenomena. The students work in teams on CFD design problems with a faculty andindustrial mentor. The salient results of this NSF/CRCD project are

Conference Session

Information and Network Security

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Krystal S Corbett, Cyber Innovation Center; Chuck Gardner, New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy; Anthony Joseph Taffaro Jr., New Orleans Military and Maritime Academy; Marvin Nelson, Benton High School

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

the program into the schools through the Cyber Science class, studentswho could not attend the camp could receive the benefits of the Cyber Discovery content. Theteam expanded the camp curriculum to include more in depth coverage of concepts as well asadditional content. Cyber Science, like Cyber Discovery, uses a microcontroller to conveyconcepts and provide a level of engagement for the students while integrating the engineering,computer science, and liberal arts disciplines. The disciplines are completely interwoven. In agiven week, students will learn various cyber themed concepts6. For instance, students learnabout artificial intelligence by programming the microcontroller to read input from a sensor tonavigate a given route. Then they

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Donald E. Richards

Engineering Curriculum consists of two parallel course streams -- applied mathematicsand engineering science -- and integrates material both across and within these streams. At present this cur-riculum is required of all electrical and computer engineering majors and is an option for mechanical engi-neering and civil engineering majors. The purpose of this paper is share our experiences during the devel-opment process and to introduce the curriculum. Before discussing our efforts, a few words about the Foun-dation Coalition are in order because of its role as a catalyst in our curriculum development efforts.FOUNDATION COALITION The Foundation Coalition was formed in the fall of 1993. It consists of seven institutions committedto reexamining

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noe Vargas Hernandez, The University of Texas at El Paso; Gul Kremer, Pennsylvania State University; Julie Linsey, Texas A&M University; Linda Schmidt, University of Maryland

practicedthroughout the engineering curriculum culminating in the capstone design course. During secondand third year courses, the engineering curriculum focuses on analytical concepts and techniquesultimately intended to support design analysis ability. Given the overcrowded traditionalengineering curriculum, it is not surprising that students do not improve their creative processingskills. The proliferation of assistive software for design has an impact on student training as well.For example, sketching was a critical skill in traditional engineering design but the practice hasbecome less important to students as computer-aided drawing tools have become available tothem.Industrial and academic leaders long expressed concerns about the impact of

Conference Session

Practices for Student Learning Engagement

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ana Djuric P.E., Wayne State University; Jeremy Lewis Rickli, Wayne State University; Vukica M. Jovanovic, Old Dominion University; Daniel Foster, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

collaboration will have a breakthrough due in part because compactand easy-to-use CoBots will drive the market (Executive Summary World Robotics, 2016). WithCoBots expected impact on productivity and workers’ safety (Ding et al., 2013; Akella et al.,1999), it is imperative that higher education institutions incorporate this technology into learningprograms for a career-ready workforce.This paper describes an advanced, industry-driven, hands-on learning environment andeducational curriculum focused on collaborative robotics and the integration of the technologyinto advanced manufacturing systems. A hand-on CoBot learning environment has been and iscurrently being created, which will be incorporated into three different courses at Wayne StateUniversity

Conference Session

K-12 and Precollege Engineering Curriculum and Programming Resources, Part 2 of 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brandon Gregory Morton, Drexel University ; Youngmoo Kim, Drexel University; Matthew Nester VanKouwenberg; Chris Lehmann, Science Leadership Academy; Jessica S. Ward, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Paper ID #10316Developing Curriculum For Introducing CyberSecurity To K-12 StudentsMr. Brandon Gregory Morton, Drexel University (Eng.) Brandon Morton is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering at Drexel University. He received his B.S. in Computer Engineering from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in 2009 and his M.S. in Electrical Engineering from Drexel University in 2011. He was an NSF GK-12 fellow from 2011 to 2014. Currently he is researching methods for detecting influence between musical artists.Prof. Youngmoo Kim, Drexel UniversityMatthew Nester VanKouwenbergMr. Chris Lehmann, Science Leadership

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Course Innovation

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Juliet Hurtig, Ohio Northern University; John-David Yoder, Ohio Northern University; Michael Rider, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

real systems. Prerequisites for this course include a course in differential equations, an ME computer applications class, and dynamics. This is a required course in the mechanical engineering curriculum. Typical enrollment is 35 students. • ME 429 – Applications In Control Systems (4 credits). Applications in control systems concentrating on PLCs and ladder logic. Advanced control theory explored. Laboratory work concentrates on PLC applications. The prerequisite is ME 419 or senior standing in electrical or computer engineering. This is an elective course that can be taken by three majors: electrical, computer, and mechanical engineers. Typical enrollment is 16 students. • ME 449

Collection

2004 GSW

Authors

Paul Ruchhoeft

Introducing Emerging Technology into the Engineering Curriculum Through Capstone Projects Paul Ruchhoeft Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Richard Bannerot, Ross Kastor, and Gangbing Song Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston AbstractIn the one semester, three engineering department, capstone design course taught in theCullen College of Engineering at the University of Houston, multidisciplinary teamswork on design projects provided by local industry and the faculty. A rich source of gooddesign problems associated with

Conference Session

Innovative Teaching

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohammad Rafiq Muqri, DeVry University - Pomona; Javad Shakib, DeVry University - Pomona; Hasan Muqri; Moe Saouli, DeVry University - Pomona

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

and integral calculus or other mathematics above the level ofalgebra and trigonometry.”Licensing IssuesHow do we currently license BS-level engineering technologists in the U.S.? The issuespertaining to the licensure of engineering technologists as professional engineers in the U.S. is amatter that is not often discussed in the engineering profession. It is actually controversial amongsome professional engineers and engineering technologists.The NCEES Model Law and Model Rules require a BS degree from an EngineeringAccreditation Commission (EAC) of ABET-accredited program or equivalent. There is nomention of ETAC of ABET-accredited programs. The Model Law 3 is silent on this issue. TheNCEES requirements for the equivalency evaluation of non

Conference Session

Out-of-school-time Engineering: Implications for Underrepresented Students

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela Clinkscales Verdell, Mississippi State University; Jason M. Keith, Mississippi State University; James Warnock, Mississippi State University; Vemitra White Alexander, Mississippi State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Mississippi State University, a predominately white institution, iscommitted to creating an educational environment of inclusiveness and high academic excellence.This environment is fostered to enable students to persist in the engineering curriculum, graduatewith an engineering degree, and allow for exposure to research and graduate school opportunities.By promoting a culturally diverse environment, the College of Engineering seeks to increase theparticipation of minorities and women in the field of engineering and to close the social gaps ofunderrepresented minority students. In the fall 2013 first-time incoming freshmen in engineeringconsisted of 637 students with 531 (83%) of students being White American and 87 AfricanAmerican students making up

Conference Session

Best of Computers in Education Division

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Autar Kaw, University of South Florida; Ali Yalcin, University of South Florida; Gwen Lee-Thomas, Old Dominion University and Quality Measures, LLC; Duc T. Nguyen, Old Dominion University; Melinda R. Hess; James A. Eison, University of South Florida; Ram Pendyala, Arizona State University; Glen H. Besterfield, University of South Florida; Corina M. Owens, Battelle Memorial Institute

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

curriculums,Microsoft Office6 had made keen advances in word processing and presentation software, andthe Acrobat Reader7 made reading documents accessible free-of-charge and on multipleplatforms. All these advances were incorporated in the revised proposal. Again, the proposalwas rejected but mainly for the lack of an assessment expert from the education field.In April 2001, MIT announced 8 its open courseware initiative9 where they would publish onlinecourse materials such as course syllabus, lecture notes, digital audiovisual lectures, assignmentsand examinations. In 2002, they published their first set of 50 courses. More than 2,000 courseshave since been published. Combined with the acceptance of such ideas of open courseware andteaming with the