Conference Session

Engineering Across the K-12 Curriculum: Integration with the Arts, Social Studies, Sciences, and the Common Core

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica M. Harlan, University of South Alabama ; Susan A. Pruet, STEMWorks, LLC; James Van Haneghan, University of South Alabama; Melissa Divonne Dean, Mobile Area Education Foundation

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

science through STEMWorks, LLC (susan.STEMWorks@gmail.com)Dr. James Van Haneghan, University of South Alabama James Van Haneghan is Professor and Director of Assessment and Evaluation in the College of Education at the University of South Alabama where he teaches courses in research methods, assessment, and learn- ing. He has research interests in the areas of program evaluation, problem- and project-based learning, mathematics education, motivation, and assessment. He has been at the University of South Alabama since 1995. Before that he held positions at Northern Illinois University and George Peabody College of Vanderbilt University. His doctoral training was from the Applied Developmental Psychology Program at

Conference Session

K-12 and Pre-college Engineering Curriculum and Programming Resources, Part 1 of 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jose M. Garcia, Purdue University (Statewide Technology); Yury Alexandrovich Kuleshov, Purdue University, West Lafayette; John H. Lumkes

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

robots in STEMrecruitment include: 1) improved student perception in STEM disciplines, 2) expanded studentinterest in choosing STEM careers among students, 3) better student retention rates throughoutSTEM career paths. Robotics present a unique advantage as engineering teaching tool because itcan be used to explain basic concepts in mechanics like Newton’s laws but can also be used forexplaining more involved topics like electronics, hydraulics or programming.The broad goal of this project was to increase awareness of STEM fields; and particularly, thediscipline of fluid power among young students attending middle and high schools. The datapresented here was collected during a series of workshops that used a hydraulic robotic micro-excavator

Conference Session

Innovative Teaching Techniques in the Classroom

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronald W. Welch, The Citadel; Kevin C. Bower PE, The Citadel; Kaitlin Marley, The Citadel; Ally Kindel Martin, The Citadel

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

program as well). Finaltotals for 2013 are projected to be at 450 students with a trend that increases roughly 50 studentsper academic year going forward. SI will not be the only initiative used to continue increasingretention, but it will continue to be at the forefront of efforts by the faculty and staff at The Page 24.1346.11Citadel. Full-time Enrollment by Major 400 350 300 Number of Students 250 200 150 100 50

Conference Session

CEED - Technical Session 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Manuel D. Rossetti, University of Arkansas; Edgar C Clausen, University of Arkansas; Carol Schubert Gattis, University of Arkansas; Micah Hale, University of Arkansas; Kim LaScola Needy, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

academically talented but financially needy studentsto complete STEM degrees and enter the workforce. The SIIRE project addresses NSF’sprogrammatic goal by integrating external (industry supported) intern or co-op experiences ofstudents with ongoing on-campus engineering research activities to provide a guided pathway toa graduate engineering degree. The requested scholarship funds defray student educational costsduring their sophomore, junior, and senior years of undergraduate study and during 1.5 years oftheir graduate studies.We first describe the background and motivation for the need for programs to increase thenumber of students who complete B.S. and M.S. degrees in engineering. Then, we describe thestructure of the SIIRE program and how it

Conference Session

Training and Support for NEEs

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chirag Variawa, University of Toronto; Sherif N Kinawy, University of Toronto; D. Grant Allen, University of Toronto; Chris Damaren, University of Toronto; Susan McCahan, University of Toronto; Bryan Karney

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

aspects of the PPIT program then concludes with a teachingdossier project, after which each student is awarded a certificate of completion and a notation ontheir official academic transcript.There are currently 115 alumni of the PPIT program, as a result of its 6 year history. Theprogram began in 2006 as a pilot program with 20 participants following an initiative by threeengineering professors at the University of Toronto. An initial evaluation resulted inencouraging feedback that prompted the establishment of PPIT as an official Faculty-sponsoredprogram in 2007, with an average enrolment of 25 participants per year depending on number ofeligible applications. While the program was originally directed at Ph.D. candidates, postdoctoralfellows

Conference Session

Fresh Perspectives on Information Literacy

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary L. Strife, West Virginia University; Marian G. Armour-Gemmen, West Virginia University; Robin A.M Hensel, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

instruction section for a large enrollment engineeringcourse. The library session was geared specifically for Rensselaer’s engineering class. At WestVirginia University, ENGR 101 does not have one project but multiple projects throughout thesemester. Bracke and Critz8 point out that engineering students have “active hands-onparticipation in their learning experiences.” Additionally engineering students need basicinformation skills as well as evaluative and searching skills. At its best, the information wouldbe highly relevant with time-saving devices.In addition, reaching freshmen presents its own inherit challenges. Freshmen are just learninghow to function in a university setting. Coombes and Anderson9 point out that among otherthings “for online

Conference Session

Best of Computer in Education Division

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mahnas Jean Mohammadi-Aragh, Virginia Tech; Christopher B. Williams, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

this paper, we reportfindings from our initial research investigation in an “Unstructured with DyKnow” statics course.3.2. ParticipantsThe course selected for this study was a Statics course that was purposefully chosen based on theinstructor’s familiarity with and use of DyKnow Vision. In the Fall 2012 semester, the instructortaught one section of Statics (~250 seats) in a large auditorium with stadium style seating. Thecourse met on Tuesdays and Thursdays for one hour and 15 minutes. The selected instructorused a Tablet PC to distribute slides and lecture notes to students via DyKnow. Lecture noteswere also projected in the front of the classroom. The lecture usually began with a review ofstudent selected homework problems, was followed by a

Conference Session

Minority Student Success

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer O Burrell, Howard University; Afiya C Fredericks, Howard University; Lorraine N. Fleming, Howard University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

Page 23.1111.4    ProceduresDavid L. Morgan’s focus group guide13 was used to inform the focus group design and the layoutof the interview room. For all focus groups, students entered a reserved conference room oncampus and sat around the conference table. The focus group moderator sat at the head of thetable while the moderator assistant sat to the side near the other end of the table (see Figure 1).Figure 1. Focus Group Seating Arrangement ExampleSeparate focus group protocols had been designed for the focus groups with internationalstudents and the focus groups with domestic students. All focus group protocols began with anintroduction to the research project and researchers and a confidentiality statement. Participantswere informed

Conference Session

Issues in Advising and Mentoring

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan Dolenc, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

and the coming year. “We are striving for constant improvement, not constant change.” (Student, Green Team) “The robot is the students’ project. The students are my project.” (Lead Mentor, Green Team) Students had a sense of belonging because they felt their opinion had been heard. Thestudents also felt this reflective approach allowed their team to expand into other areas of thecompetition to have a more complete team. The act of expanding into more roles opened upopportunities for students with different interests to be involved and maintained high retentionrates. New students were paired with veteran students for student-to-student learning. Althoughstudents accomplished most of the work, mentors, sponsors

Conference Session

Rethinking Engineering Writing

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David M. Beams P.E., University of Texas, Tyler; Luke Niiler, University of Alabama; Beth Todd, University of Alabama; Marcus Brown, University of Alabama; Garry W. Warren, University of Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

courses is great. This need has beenshown in studies such as the Engineering Writing Initiative (EWI), which tracked thedevelopment of engineering students’ writing skills at the University of Texas at Tyler over afour-year period. In that study, the presenters identified two key deficiencies in engineeringstudents’ written communications: rhetorical skills (awareness of audience, purpose, andmessage) and visual communications (graphs, figures, etc.).The work begun by EWI continues with The Coach, a collaborative, NSF-funded project atthree institutions: the University of Alabama (UA); the University of Texas at Tyler (UT-Tyler), a state-supported regional university and a component of the University of TexasSystem; and Bevill State Community

Conference Session

Using Student Competitions to Enhance Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven D Hart, U.S. Military Academy; Johnette C. Shockley, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center; Leah R Ellis, University of Nebraska, Peter Kiewit Institute; Berndt Spittka P.E., Unitee States Military Academy- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

the students they focus on and the types ofproblems they address. Many, if not most civil engineers are familiar with the Steel Bridge and Concrete Canoecompetitions. The first national level steel bridge competition was held in 1992 and continuesthrough today. It is sponsored by the American Institute of Steel Construction and the AmericanSociety of Civil Engineers and its mission is“to supplement the education of civil engineeringstudents with a comprehensive, student-driven project experience from conception and designthrough fabrication, erection, and testing, culminating in a steel structure that meets clientspecifications and optimizes performance and economy” (14). In this competition, the all bridgedimensions are set and the

Conference Session

Instructional Innovations and Global Issues in Architectural Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Orla Smyth LoPiccolo, State University of New York, Farmingdale

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

and Trinity College, the University of Dublin, Ireland, and her post-professional degree in Architecture Urban Regional Design from New York Institute of Technology. Subsequently LoPiccolo received a postgraduate diploma in Con- struction Management from New York University where she was awarded the Excellence in Academic Achievement Award. LoPiccolo has private sector architecture and project management experience in both Dublin, Ireland and on Long Island, NY, and she has over ten years of public sector experience as an architect and a Community Development Project Supervisor with the Town of Islip, NY. She is an active member of committees and groups at Farmingdale State College, including the Green Building

Conference Session

Distance Learning and Online Teaching Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aleksandr Sergeyev, Michigan Technological University; Nasser Alaraje, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

via theoretical and practical exercises is reinforcedby the computer projects utilizing MATLAB simulation software.In 2009, the first attempt at converting the existing traditional model of the EM course into theblended version has been made. Utilizing the hybrid methodology, several lectures were Page 23.1259.6converted in the on-line format and gradually introduced to the class of 40 students. Feedbackcollected from the students showed an interest in the hybrid/blended version of the course. Astandard assessment model previously conducted for traditionally taught EM coursesdemonstrated an increase in comprehension of the subject. The last

Conference Session

Real and Virtual - "New" Approaches to Teaching "Old" Courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard L. Zollars, Washington State University; Christopher Hundhausen, Washington State University; Adam Scott Carter, Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

academic year. At this university (the lead institution on this project), however, thematerial/energy balance class was taught in its normal fashion during the 2011 – 2012academic year and using a SBL approach in the 2012 – 2013 academic year.The implementation of the SBL approach in the material/energy balance class wasperformed in the following fashion. At the sixth week of the semester, just after thestudents had begun to be exposed to solving material balance problems with no chemicalreactions or recycle streams, we conducted an SBL training activity in class. In thistraining activity, students were given a solution to the following problem. An air stream, containing 10.0 wt% acetone and 90.0 wt% air, enters a scrubber at a total flow rate

Conference Session

Engagement in Formal and Informal Learning Environments

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nesim Halyo, Hampton University; Qiang Le, Hampton University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

design, open-ended problem solving, laboratory work, etc. As the learning styles ofstudents can vary considerably [1-7], achieving this goal can be very challenging even whenother variables which impact student learning are taken into account. Various teaching methodssuch as case studies, projects based learning, contexts based learning, computer based learning,etc, address the learning styles of different student populations [2], [8-11]. In this paper, weconcentrate on student populations who favor “learning by doing” [3], [6]. We will use the term“learning by doing” to refer to the approach of learning by solving many individual problems orthrough practice as opposed to studying the theory with which the problems are solved.The instructor of a

Conference Session

Secondary (6-12) Outreach

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy Healy, Georgia Institute of Technology; Angela Berenstein

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

school students. The site has provided great. I enjoyed it and foundapproximately 30 two-day nanofabrication camps – also it helpful talking one-on-onecalled “Chip Camps” during which participants are after doing the whole project. I felt I understood itintroduced to nanoscale science and engineering, fabricate a more when I was going overmicro-resistor (found in all electronics), learn laboratory it. Using the equipment wasprotocols and safety procedures, and design and test an a great experience for me.experiment in USCB’s cleanroom facility

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kendrick T. Aung, Lamar University; Ryan Underdown, Lamar University; Qin Qian, Lamar University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

and Protection District. 4. Judge for the 1st International Sustainable World(Energy, Engineering, & Environment) Project Olympiad Competition, Houston, Texas, 2009 5. Com-mittee Member of ASCE Groundwater Hydrology Committee 6. Member of American Society of CivilEngineers(ASCE) , 09/2004˜current 7. Member of American Geophysical Union(AGU), 06/2005˜cur-rent 8. Member of Overseas Chinese Environmental Engineers and Scientists Association (OCEESA),05/2009˜current 9. Member of Chi Epsilon, Honor Society of ASCE, 05/2010˜ current 10. Member ofChinese American Water Resources Association (CAWRA), 05/2012˜current Page 23.1354.2

Conference Session

Computers in Education (CoED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Fred W DePiero, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Paper ID #7904Work-in-Progress: Design of an Online Learning CoachDr. Fred W DePiero, California Polytechnic State University Dr. Fred DePiero received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from Michigan State Uni- versity in 1985 and 1987. He then worked as a Development Associate at Oak Ridge National Laboratory until 1993. While there he was involved in a variety of real-time image processing projects and several laser-based ranging systems. Dr. DePiero began working on his Ph.D. at the University of Tennessee while still at ORNL, and completed it in May 1996. His research interests include

Collection

2023 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Heather L. Walker; W. Kent McAllister; Michael W. Mourot; J. Robert Dean; Greg Nesmith; Edgar C. Clausen

Engineering at theUniversity of Arkansas. Her research interests include engineering education, increasing studentengagement and student advising.W. Kent McAllisterMr. McAllister is a Project Director for Audubon Engineering. He has over 27 years of energyindustry experience in engineering, project execution and leadership roles managing projectteams and business units in the Upstream, Midstream and Downstream sectors. He is active inmentoring and supporting the young engineer engagement groups at the companies where he hasworked.Michael W. MourotMr. Mourot is Senior Vice President for Sinclair Group, a management consulting group locatedin The Woodlands, Texas. Prior to his consulting role, Mike spent over 27 years with DowChemical in numerous

Conference Session

Engineering a Just Future: Cultivating Equity, Voice, and Community in Technical Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura A. H. Wood, University of Michigan; Angie Kim, University of Michigan; Amber N Williams, University of Michigan; Berenice A. Cabrera, University of Michigan; Hayley N. Nielsen, University of Michigan; Lu Zhou, University of Michigan; Grenmarie Agresar, University of Michigan; Shanna R. Daly, University of Michigan; Lisa R. Lattuca, University of Michigan; Joi-Lynn Mondisa, University of Michigan; Erika A Mosyjowski, University of Michigan; Steve J. Skerlos, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

learning activities within specific engineering contexts; and (3) developing a replicable andadaptive training infrastructure to enable instructors to use the learning activities. The workdescribed in this paper relates to Objective 1 and engages an interdisciplinary team of faculty,administrators, and graduate students from the fields of engineering, education, and sociology inresearch efforts to inform the development, implementation, and study of the framework. Theearly phases of the team’s work have focused on the development of the framework. Subsequentphases will focus on researching its implementation. As the project has evolved, the three TEECenter objectives have become more interconnected and mutually supportive. To date

Collection

2021 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

Douglas E. Dow

determineduring the same exam period [1]. the answer for many multiple-choice questions, but even the open-ended essays, projects and case studies can be completed The web-services that have been utilized for exam solutions with competence through contract cheating on the web-services.during an exam include Chegg Inc. (Santa Clara, CA, No style of assessment is immune from the ease of academicwww.chegg.com), OneClass (Notesolution Inc., Toronto, dishonesty using the web-services. Within some courses, theCanada, www.oneclass.com), Course Hero (Redwood City, CA, students are to learn a wide

Conference Session

ME Division 14: From M&Ms to Air Quality: Engaging Students in Energy and the Environment

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shehla Arif, University of Mount Union

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering Division (MECH)

time, I noticed that my students exhibited much deeperengagement with the material and greater initiative when assigned hands-on work e.g. projects tobuild something or demonstrate an idea [13]. Understanding the role of hands-on minds-onlearning, I devised this simple activity with minimal materials to help students acquire a deeperunderstanding of the fundamental concepts of heat transfer. Its current form has evolved over theyears through a process of feedback and reflection.The purpose of this activity is to have students think about and engage with the material deeperthan they would if it were part of a lecture / passive reception of knowledge. The purpose is notto develop a quantitatively accurate model of the three modes of heat

Conference Session

Self-Efficacy & Mindset

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Evan Taylor, Clemson University; Lisa Benson, Clemson University; Nigel Berkeley Kaye, Clemson University; Makayla Headley, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)

through education research and service in Graduate Student Government.Dr. Lisa Benson, Clemson University Lisa Benson is a Professor of Engineering and Science Education at Clemson University. Her research focuses on the interactions between student motivation and their learning experiences. Her projects include studies of student perceptions, beliefs and attitudes towards becoming engineers and scientists, and their development of problem-solving skills, self-regulated learning practices, and epistemic beliefs. Other projects in the Benson group involve students’ navigational capital, and researchers’ schema development through the peer review process. Dr. Benson is an American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE

Conference Session

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES) Technical Session 3: Identity, Professionalization, and Belonging II

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erin A. Cech, University of Michigan; Cynthia J. Finelli, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES)

ideologies in the professional cultureof engineering that devalue non-technical considerations [3-7], engineering education programsoften de-emphasize public welfare responsibilities compared to technical skills and can evenfoster disengagement with public welfare considerations as students learn to be engineers [8].As part of a broader project on engineers’ recognition of their public welfare responsibilities, wedeveloped a one-credit course to teach Master’s and upper-division undergraduate students torecognize their public welfare responsibilities, equip students with strategies to intervene (e.g.,bring issues to the attention of team members, use organizational hotlines, report to federalagencies, work with journalists), and prepare students to

Conference Session

Faculty Development: Centers

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maria-Isabel Carnasciali, Merrimack College; Andrew L Gerhart, Lawrence Technological University; Heather Dillon, University of Washington; Joe Tranquillo, Bucknell University; Glenn R Gaudette, Boston College; Douglas E. Melton, The Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Family Foundation

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

challenges of different academic contexts, fostering a culture of growth andinnovation within higher education [3].In engineering education, faculty development plays a particularly critical role due to thedynamic and applied nature of the field [4, 5, 6]. It ensures that instructors stay abreast of rapidtechnological advancements, emerging industry practices, and interdisciplinary approaches,enabling them to prepare students for the evolving workforce. Programs focused on innovativepedagogies, such as project-based learning and entrepreneurially minded learning, enhancestudent engagement and equip learners with skills in creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving [7]. Faculty development also supports alignment with accreditation standards

Conference Session

ENT-7: Approaches to Fostering Self-Efficacy and Data-Driven Decision Making

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yi Wang, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Nathalie Duval-Couetil, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT)

group ofacademic entrepreneurs. Hayter et al. (2016) highlighted that graduate students serve asoperational leaders in entrepreneurial projects, managing day-to-day activities necessary forlaunching startups. This is particularly true in fields such as biotechnology and engineering,where their technical expertise and innovative ideas are essential for transforming academicresearch into marketable products (Bagheri, 2011). Students bring fresh perspectives andenhance the diversity of entrepreneurial activities within universities (Guerrero et al., 2020).Motivations driving graduate students to engage in academic entrepreneurship are multifaceted.They are drawn by the opportunity to apply their research in real-world contexts, enhance

Conference Session

ELOS Technical Session 6: BYOE (Bring Your Own Experiment): Engaging Students with Creative Hands-on Laboratory Experiences

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

timothy C scott, Sweet Briar College; Lemuel T Curran, Sweet Briar College

Tagged Divisions

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division (DELOS)

Paper ID #46692Laboratory Fixture for Heat Transfer Using a Hair DrierProf. timothy C scott, Sweet Briar College Engineering Professor of Practice, Wyllie Engineering ProgramMr. Lemuel T Curran, Sweet Briar College Lem Curran is a licensed educator and mechanical engineer with over 25 years of experience in engineering design, advanced fabrication, and STEM education. He currently manages the engineering lab at Sweet Briar College, supporting student projects, faculty research, and curriculum development in courses such as Capstone, Thermodynamics, and CAD. He has also taught engineering, robotics, and fabrication at

Collection

2025 ASEE -GSW Annual Conference

Authors

Joshua Hicks-Ward, The University of Texas at San Antonio; Kevin Nguyen, The University of Texas at San Antonio; Cody Gonzalez, The University of Texas at San Antonio

operations, quickly becoming one of the primary consumers pushing increased modularity. Themilitary UGV market hit $668 million, as of April 2024 and is project to compound 5.9% annuallyfor the next 10 years, growing to $1.2 billion by 20346.UGVs are leading technology advancements in combat, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance,logistics, explosive and mine disposal, and more7. The introduction of artificial intelligence andmachine learning techniques have enabled robots to accomplish increasingly complex tasks and reactto their environments in real time8 paving the way for increased adaptation of tool instruments.With demand projected to sharply increase, the need for military UGVs to be capable of performingmore tasks will rise as well

Collection

2025 ASEE -GSW Annual Conference

Authors

Surupa Shaw, Texas A&M University; Danaii Anitzel Elizondo, Texas A&M University

and complexity through survey analysis, revealing that smaller classes have the potential to improve individualized instruction, but does not consistently lead to improvement in the depth of subject matter covered, showing both the benefits and limitations of smaller class sizes in higher education.b. Assessment Methods: The nature and rigor of assessments, such as exams, projects, or practical work. In a study, Blatchford et al. [8] investigated the impact of class size on assessment methods and classroom processes by conducting a large-scale longitudinal study of over 10,000 pupils across more than 300 schools, finding that smaller classes facilitate more individualized teaching and greater opportunities for quality

Collection

2025 ASEE North Central Section (NCS) Annual Conference

Authors

Alexa July Hoffman, Marshall University; Trevor Joseph Bihl, Marshall University

services were owned by the localmining company and purchasable only with proprietary currency [6]. Over time, such effortsexpanded to support urbanization and railroads. Finally, federal projects beginning in the 1930sindirectly influenced the region and moved from a company model to a utility model, inspired byefforts like the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) [6].Figure 6. Example mining town power plants: left, Hutchinson, WV power house in 1927;right, Cascade, WV power plant (where mining ended in the 1950s) [16]The PresentThe mid-20th century marked a shift in West Virginia’s energy landscape, with large coal-firedpower plants dominating electricity generation. By the 1950s to 1960s, West Virginia was aleading electricity exporter, supplying