Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Cheng Chen; John DeAndreis; Peter Moala; Agustin Robles; Jose Valdovinos; Qiming Zeng; Amelito G. Enriquez; Wenshen Pong; Hamid Shanasser; Hao Jiang; Hamid Mahmoodi

gateway to higher education for large numbers of students, especially minorityand low-income students. Preparing community college students for their future engineeringcareer and engaging them in professional development is one of the major objectives of theNASA CIPAIR (Curriculum Improvements and Partnership Award for the Integration ofResearch) program. In the San Francisco Bay Area, a collaborative NASA CIPAIR programbetween Cañada College, a federally designated Hispanic-serving community college, and SanFrancisco State University, a large urban university, has developed a summer internship programthat provides freshmen and sophomore community college students an opportunity to participatein a ten-week study of earthquake engineering. For the

Conference Session

Information Literacy Programs for First-Year Engineering Students

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michelle Baratta, University of Toronto; Alan Chong, University of Toronto; Jason A. Foster, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

AC 2011-1407: THE RESEARCH STUDIO: INTEGRATING INFORMA-TION LITERACY INTO A FIRST YEAR ENGINEERING SCIENCE COURSEMichelle Baratta, University of Toronto Michelle Baratta has held positions in academic and public libraries, as well as a corporate setting. Her education includes a Master’s degree in Information Studies (2007) and an Honours Bachelor of Science degree (2004), both from the University of Toronto. She is currently a Reference and Instruction Librarian at the University of Toronto’s Engineering & Computer Science Library.Alan Chong, University of Toronto Alan Chong is a Senior Lecturer in the Engineering Communication Program at the University of Toronto. His pedagogical research is primarily in the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mike Borowczak, University of Central Florida; Andrea Carneal-Burrows Borowczak, University of Central Florida

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #42575Board 319: Integrating Computing Throughout K-12 While Bridging theDigital DivideDr. Mike Borowczak, University of Central Florida Dr. Borowczak, currently an Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Central Florida, has over two decades of academic and industry experience. He worked in the semiconductor, biomedical informatics, and storage/security sectors in early-stage and mature startups, medical/academic research centers, and large corporate entities before returning to the US public university system full-time in 2018. His current research interest are focused on

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Raul Ordonez; Hong Zhang; Ravi Ramachandran; Stephanie Farrell

who can move across rather artificialprogram boundaries with great ease. Page 6.873.1 “Proceedings of the 2001 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright  2001, American Society for Engineering Education”Goals and ObjectivesOur aim is to accomplish the following: 1. Give students an exposure to the different aspects of control theory in the form of multidisciplinary laboratory experiences that include electrical, mechanical, and process control systems. 2. Ensure that our laboratory has an impact on a wide variety of courses in our curriculum

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Punit Deotale, Texas A&M University; Sheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

AC 2012-4422: USABILITY EVALUATION OF A PROBLEM SOLVINGENVIRONMENT FOR AUTOMATED SYSTEM INTEGRATION EDUCA-TION USING EYE-TRACKINGPunit Deotale, Texas A&M UniversityDr. Sheng-Jen ”Tony” Hsieh, Texas A&M University Dr. Sheng-Jen (”Tony”) Hsieh is a professor in the Dwight Look College of Engineering at Texas A&M University. He holds a joint appointment with the Department of Engineering Technology and the De- partment of Mechanical Engineering. His research interests include engineering education, cognitive task analysis, automation, robotics and control, intelligent manufacturing system design, and micro/nano man- ufacturing. He is also the Director of the Rockwell Automation Laboratory at Texas A&M

Conference Session

Professional Papers

Collection

2025 ASEE Southeast Conference

Authors

Nilanjana Raychawdhary, Auburn University; Chaohui Ren, Auburn University; Cheryl Seals, Auburn University; Sutanu Bhattacharya

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Professional Papers

learning in an NLP course?B. Which tools and techniques most effectively demonstrate NLP’s interdisciplinary applications,particu-larly in tasks like sentiment analysis in underrepresented languages?C. How can ethical issues, including AI bias, be integrated into the curriculum to promote sociallyrespon-sible understanding?[5]. Framework for NLP Education Theoretical Instruction Interdisciplinary Case Studies Interactive Tools Real-Time Feedback System Jupyter Notebooks Python Libraries (e.g., NLTK, SpaCy) Personalized Feedback Applications in

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - Case Studies in Design Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hannah S. Stuart, University of California, Berkeley; Wilson Oswaldo Torres, University of California, Berkeley; Andrew I. W. McPherson, University of California, Berkeley

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

MechanicalEngineering, and the Center for Teaching and Learning for supporting the development and initialassessment of this class. H.S.S. thanks Professor Karen Nakamura (UC Berkeley), ProfessorGrace O’Connell (UC Berkeley), and Lecturer David L. Jaffe (Stanford University) for theirinsights, conversations, and guest lectures.References[1] Keith Ballard. Researching disability and inclusive education: participation, construction and interpretation. International journal of inclusive education, 1(3):243–256, 1997.[2] McPherson H Newell, M´onica C Resto-Fern´andez, and Michael F MacCarthy. Integrating disability studies into an engineering service-learning curriculum. 2021.[3] Anon Ymous, Katta Spiel, Os Keyes, Rua M Williams, Judith Good, Eva Hornecker

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Steven H. Chin; MaryJac Reed; Ardoth Hassler

classroom activities and projects. Commercially available packages inmathematics, such as Matlab by The MathWorks, Inc., and Mathematica by Wolfram, Corp., are the twotargeted applications. These software applications have gained widespread acceptance in the engineeringcommunity and thereby assure applicability in later engineering and science studies. A major component of theConnections Program is to provide expertise such that the high schools will effectively integrate these packagesinto their curriculum. The connection via the Engineering network will also gives access through the campus-wide universitynetwork to the world-wide Internet. This emerging area of network communications demands that the

Conference Session

Publicity Elements of Engineering Education

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Julie Staggers; Lynne Slivovsky

professional writing students into the EngineeringProjects In Community Service (EPICS) curriculum. This program is running on three EPICSteams in conjunction with the Writing For the Computer Industry course in the Englishdepartment at Purdue University. EPICS is a multidisciplinary vertically integrated design class inwhich teams of students work on open-ended technical problems in partnerships with local not-for-profit organizations. They design, build, test and deploy projects into the community that meettheir partners' specific needs. Our model for integrating professional writing students into EPICSteams allows EPICS students to draw on the expertise of professional writings students in humanfactors and information design. It gives professional

Collection

2005 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Karen S. Hays

Integration of Lab Safety Training into the Undergraduate and Graduate Chemical Engineering Programs Karen S. Hays Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering University of ArkansasAbstractThe Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering is the University of Arkansas’campus-wide leader in the area of laboratory safety training for their undergraduate and graduatestudents. This paper presents an overview of the laboratory safety training program and how itwas integrated into the curriculum. It describes how students are educated about the basics

Conference Session

Division Experimentation and Lab-Oriented Studies - Pedagogy of Lab Courses

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aldo A. Ferri, Georgia Institute of Technology; Bonnie H. Ferri, Georgia Institute of Technology; Robert Lineberg, Georgia Institute of Technology; Kevin Peter Ferri, Georgia Institute of Technoloy; Zachary Crawford, Georgia Institute of Technology; Justin Tamayo, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Paper ID #19558Use of a Vertically Integrated Project Team to Develop Hands-On LearningModulesProf. Aldo A. Ferri, Georgia Institute of Technology Al Ferri received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering from Lehigh University in 1981 and his PhD degree in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from Princeton University in 1985. Since 1985, he has been a faculty member in the School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Tech, where he now serves as the Associate Chair for Undergraduate Studies. His research areas are in the fields of dynamics, controls, vibrations, and acoustics. He is also active in course and curriculum

Conference Session

Using IT to Enhance Design Education

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Reza S. Abhari; Friederike Mund; Anestis I. Kalfas

the students were exposed to the international forum. For regularly offered classes with few students, this type of project is an ideal solution tomotivate students to stay in the field and learn more about design philosophies. Additionally, itgenerates the multi-disciplinary view of the design at a very early state of education. Once theinfrastructure is in place and students are trained in the software, the integration of such projectinto the normal student curriculum should be less resource intensive.Acknowledgments The author’s are grateful for the participation and for the kind share of their industrialexperience of Hans Wettstein, Klaus Schneider and Eribert Benz of Alstom Power, Heinz-PeterSchiffer and Dimitrie Negulescu of Rolls

Conference Session

Green and Sustainable Manufacturing Practices

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University (Tech.)

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Paper ID #23628PCM Heat Exchanger for Manufacturing Environment: Independent StudyCase for Integrative Project-Based LearningDr. Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University (Tech.) Irina Ciobanescu Husanu, Ph. D. is Assistant Clinical Professor with Drexel University, Engineer- ing Technology program. Her area of expertise is in thermo-fluid sciences with applications in micro- combustion, fuel cells, green fuels and plasma assisted combustion. She has prior industrial experience in aerospace engineering that encompasses both theoretical analysis and experimental investigations such as designing and testing of

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: EM Across the Curriculum II

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Andrea T. Kwaczala, Western New England University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

] M. Habibi and E. Diep, "Developing an integrated motion capture and video recording," in Preceedings: American Society for Engineering Education, Atlanta, GA, 2013.[8] S. Freeman, S. L. Eddy, M. McDonough, M. K. Smith, N. Okoroafor, H. Jordt and M. P. Wenderoth, "Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics," PNAS, vol. 111, no. 23, 2013.[9] R. R. Hake, "Interactive-engagement versus traditional methods: A six-thousand-student survey of mechanics test data for introductory physics courses," American Journal of Physics, vol. 66, no. 64, 1998.[10] L. Deslauriers, L. S. McCarty, K. Miller, K. Callaghan and G. Kestin, "Measuring actual learning versus feeling of learning in

Conference Session

Using IT to Enhance Design Education

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Paul Ranky

) machined parts, to CAD 3D models, to physicalclay models that are hand or robot crafted in the automotive and aircraft industries.Rapid prototyping has many other integrated physical and intellectual domains, includingsoftware.This paper introduces our knowledge management and teaching / learning methodology.Furthermore, to some extent we discuss our object / component knowledgedocumentation architecture and offer real-world examples, mostly during the softwaredemonstration part of this paper, of this industry/academia sponsored R&D effort.IntroductionRapid prototyping in engineering, IT, manufacturing, and other fields is an importantarea of science and technology. These should be communicated to everybody who isinvolved in product innovation

Conference Session

Using IT to Enhance Design Education

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Gul Okudan Kremer

toidentify customer needs and to quickly create products that meet these needs. This necessity,which involves a set of activities beginning with the recognition of an opportunity and ending inthe delivery of a product to the customer, is the rapid product development process. Rapidproduct development has been especially important since the late 80s. There have been vastimprovements in the area, mostly focused on searching ways to shorten the development processduration. Among these, the advancement in design software is very significant, particularly forsolid modeling. Accordingly, when preparing engineering students for similar responsibilities,integrating a solid modeling software to design experience is a must.Integrating a solid modeling

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Martha N. Cyr; Barbara Bratzel; Ben Erwin

Session 2620 Integration of Data Acquisition and Analysis for Elementary and Middle School Education Barbara Bratzel, Martha N. Cyr, Ben Erwin Shady Hill School/Tufts UniversityAbstractThis paper presents a solution to providing a way for more K-12 students to experienceinnovative, hands-on learning with data acquisition and analysis. The concept was developedat Tufts University, in partnership with National Instruments and LEGO Dacta. Through thiscollaboration, Tufts has developed a graphical programming and data analysis softwarepackage for students

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Betul Bilgin, The University of Illinois, Chicago; Hasiya Najmin Isa; Emily Seriruk; Cody Wade Mischel

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Engineering ProgramsAbstractChemical engineering education needs to be updated to reflect its growth and inclusion ofelements from various fields, such as pharmaceuticals, renewable energy, biotechnology, andconsumer products. As the industry continues to expand and there is a greater need forcommunication and leadership abilities in the 21st century, engineers who are working areanticipated to possess both technical expertise and professional skills. However, the typicalchemical engineering undergraduate core curriculum has not adapted to prepare students for themultiple needs encompassed by the chemical industry. Lack of industry-relevant examples/topicsand applications in the course contents results in less motivated and/or engaged

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Steve Howell; Ken Collier; Debra Larson; Jerry Hatfield

and scheduling, cost estimation and economics,and coordination of efforts between: the Design II and Design III teams, the Design IIIstudents and the customer, and the Design III students and students from the ComputerVisualization and Imaging (CVI) program at Cogswell College in Sunnyvale, CA. AsEngineering Design III becomes fully integrated into our curriculum, the junior-levelstudents will be expected to apply sound engineering principles to their task, as opposedto the intuitive approach that is permitted in Engineering Design and Graphics andEngineering Design II.Course Overview To accomplish the stated goals, an engineering design simulation of a semester-long project is conducted. The methodology is the same as the techniques

Conference Session

Professional Practice and AEC Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mahmoud Alahmad, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Jamie Tills, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Steven Swanson, University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

. According to Bernard Gordon, the founder andCEO of Analogic Corporation, “Engineering is an unforgiving and demandingenvironment and for students to succeed as engineers, they must go far beyond theories,simulations, and exam-taking.” By introducing active learning and teamwork to theclassroom environment, students will have the skills they need to transition fromuniversity to the real world.3.1.1 – Active LearningActive learning may be defined as any instructional method that engages students in thelearning process. Integrating activity and engagement to the traditional lecture allowsactive students the opportunity to use their unique set of learning skills while stillimpacting reflective students who typically respond well to passive lectures2,7

Conference Session

Poster Sessions for Unit Operations Lab Bazaar and Tenure-Track Faculty

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Danilo Pozzo, University of Washington; Jim Pfaendtner, University of Washington; Marvi A. Matos, University of Washington; William B. Baratuci, B-Cubed; Jim L. Borgford-Parnell, University of Washington; Arne S.A. Biermans, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

AC 2011-711: INTEGRATION OF THE CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LAB-ORATORY WITH A FOCUS ON BIO-FUEL PRODUCTIONDanilo Pozzo, University of Washington Prof. Pozzo’s research interests are in the area of soft materials and nanotechnology. His group focuses on developing structure-function relationships for a variety of nano-structured materials having applica- tions in materials, alternative energy and separations. Prof. Pozzo obtained his B.S. from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagez and his PhD in Chemical Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh PA. He also worked in the NIST Center for Neutron Research and is currently an Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of Washington where

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Technical Session 9

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sumito Nagasawa Ph.D. in Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology; Hatsuko Yoshikubo Ph.D., Shibaura Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

University in Japan in 2002. She is currently a Professor in the Innovative Global Program, a research-based full English degree engineering program at the College of Engineering at Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan. She is a Principal Investigator of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Research Grants 24K06133 and the Shibaura Institute of Technology Grants for Educational Reform and Research Activity in the AY2024. Her current main research interests are: 1) how including humanities courses in an engineering education curriculum can help students to gain flexibility, and an appreciation of equity, and a greater richness of ideas; and 2) systematic issues impacting the effectiveness of engineering

Conference Session

Software and E-learning in the ME Curriculum

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Autar Kaw, University of South Florida

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

instructional technologies, integrating research in classroom, thermal stresses, computational mechanics, and mechanics of nonhomogeneous nanolayers. Page 12.869.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 INCORPORATING A RESEARCH PROBLEM IN A NUMERICAL METHODS COURSE FOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAbstract This paper presents an example of incorporating a research problem in a course -Numerical Methods for Mechanical Engineers. In bascule bridges, the fulcrum is assembled byshrink-fitting a trunnion into a hub. In one case, the trunnion cooled in a dry-ice/alcohol mixturefor

Conference Session

Faculty Development

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hye Sun You, New York University; Vikram Kapila, New York University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Research Experience for Teachers Site in Mechatronics and Entrepreneurship, a DR K-12 research project, and an ITEST re- search project, all funded by NSF. He has held visiting positions with the Air Force Research Laboratories in Dayton, OH. His research interests include K-12 STEM education, mechatronics, robotics, and con- trol system technology. Under a Research Experience for Teachers Site, a DR K-12 project, and GK-12 Fellows programs, funded by NSF, and the Central Brooklyn STEM Initiative (CBSI), funded by six phil- anthropic foundations, he has conducted significant K-12 education, training, mentoring, and outreach activities to integrate engineering concepts in science classrooms and labs of dozens of New York

Conference Session

PSW Section Meeting Papers - Disregard start and end time - for online paper access only

Collection

2019 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Cheng Chen, San Francisco State University; Wenshen Pong P.E., San Francisco State University; Amelito G Enriquez, Canada College; Nicholas Langhoff, Skyline College; Zhaoshuo Jiang P.E., San Francisco State University; Hamid Mahmoodi, San Francisco State University; Xiaorong Zhang, San Francisco State University; Yifeng Xu, San Francisco State University ; Alexander Carlson, ASPIRES Program; Julissa Rico Ruiz , ASPIRES Program; Karina Reyna; Moises Arturo Vieyra, Canada College

Tagged Topics

Pacific Southwest Section Meeting Paper Submissions

Ruiz , ASPIRES Program Julissa Rico Ruiz is first generation student pursuing a Civil Engineering major, planning on specializ- ing on Structural Engineering. Having taken several foundational Engineering courses, she was able to integrate what she learned on this research.Karina ReynaMr. Moises Arturo Vieyra, Canada College I am an undergraduate student at Canada College ready to transfer to a 4 year University. My future plan is to get my bachelors degree in civil engineering and work my way to creating my own company. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 Integrating Collapse Simulation of Building Structures into Internship Experiences for Community College

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bre Przestrzelski, University of San Diego; Elizabeth A. Reddy, University of San Diego; Susan M. Lord, University of San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Materials

technology in materials science withethics and social responsibility (10) (11) (12). 1This integration of social context into the traditional engineering curriculum is also a focus at theUniversity of San Diego, and is a subset of a project funded by the National Science Foundation(NSF) under the Revolutionizing Engineering and Computer Science Departments (RED)program. It is the larger goal of this work to empower student engineering changemakers throughrefinement of the engineering canon. It is also a goal of this work to develop content useful forother faculty so that incorporation into another's classroom, whether in part or in full, is not suchan

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Carlos R. Morales

multicasting.IntroductionThere is a tremendous advantage to integrating CD-ROM based interactive multimedia(CDIM) and TCP/IP services such as HTTP for Computer Aided Instruction/ComputerBased Training (CAI/CBT). By using CDIM for media delivery and Web basedtechnologies for control, communications, updating content, and performance tracking itis possible to build a system that can deliver multi-sensory content in a much moredynamic manner than through traditional multimedia or the Web alone. This projectinterfaces available WWW and CDIM technologies in an unified environment that allowsinstructors to deliver distance instruction with many of the media delivery benefits of atraditional classroom by providing a framework for lectures, out of class work(homework), tests

Conference Session

Ethics and Technology

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Joseph Frey, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez; Christopher Papadopoulos, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez; Marcel J. Castro-Sitiriche, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez; Fatima Zevallos, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez; Denisse Echevarria, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

AC 2012-5106: ON INTEGRATING APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY RE-SPONSIVE TO COMMUNITY CAPABILITIES: A CASE STUDY FROMHAITIDr. William Joseph Frey, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagez William Frey teaches business, computer, and engineering ethics at the University of Puerto Rico, Mayagez. For several years, he directed the university’s Center for Ethics in the Professions. His interests, besides practical and professional ethics, include moral pedagogy and moral psychology. He is active in the So- ciety for Ethics Across the Curriculum and the Association for Practical and Professional Ethics and has presented and participated in workshops at ASEE since 2000. He is also a Co-investigator on the project Graduate Research and

Conference Session

Design and the Capstone Experience

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachael E. Cate, Oregon State University; Donald Heer, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

during the fall, winter, andsprings terms of the senior year. Since 2007, over 1000 students have completed it. Beginning inthe fall of 2016, in response to needs for increased support for the development of professionaland communication skills, a co-instructor in the field of technical communication was added tothe course series. For the past two years, the co-instructors (one in technical design and projectmanagement and the other specializing in professional communications and writtendocumentation) have worked together to develop an integrated curriculum that appliestransformative learning pedagogies and evidence-based best practices to support student success.Before coming into the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (EECS

Conference Session

Design And Manufacturing Experiences I

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Jim Lyall; Rachel Shinn

course is afollow on course to a one-semester preliminary design course. Together, they constitute theprogram capstone design component. In detail design the principles of design are taught andapplied to the multiple subsystems and integration required for spacecraft. This requiresconsideration of the practical requirements and constraints typically required for spacecraft. It isimportant to note that the design course employs the entire class as a single team, and that thefinal result of the course is a design and tested prototype of an integrated spacecraft model.The objectives of the Spacecraft Detail Design course are to 1) teach the detailed design process,including analysis leading to configuration managed specification drawings, assembly