Conference Session

"Modular" Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jason M. Keith, Mississippi State University; Bill B Elmore, Mississippi State University; William Todd French, Mississippi State University; Hossein Toghiani, Mississippi State University; Rebecca K. Toghiani, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

vehicle to apply the chemicalengineering fundamentals to broad problems in sustainable energy production and use.This is particularly helpful in chemical engineering, as most of our majors choosechemical engineering as a career so that they can help others.This paper describes the use of energy modules in the chemical engineering curriculumat Mississippi State University. The paper outlines efforts in the freshman seminarcourse, mass and energy balances course, the mass transfer / separations course, theengineering materials course, and the chemical engineering reactor design course, aswell as an elective course on hydrogen energy fundamentals.The modules illustrated in this paper show a connection between traditional chemicalengineering

Conference Session

Innovative IE Course Content

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Justin W. Kile, Quinnipiac University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy, Engineering Management, Industrial Engineering

share a lot in common with all quick informal conversations that arecommonly known as an “Elevator Talk.” Thus, preparing students for these technical informalcommunications will also prepare them for other aspects of their careers as professionals.Manufacturing System Design CourseManufacturing System Design is a senior level required technical elective for IE students with aproduction emphasis. This course is taken in either the fourth or fifth year (many students takefive years to complete the program as many complete a co-op). The course covers the designand control of different manufacturing systems with a focus on automated systems. Labs consistof programming the control of a variety of automated systems. Category 0

Conference Session

Manufacturing Partnerships

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wendy S. Reffeor, Grand Valley State University; Christopher P. Pung, Grand Valley State University; Sung-Hwan Joo, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

, researchskills, integration skills and knowledge of the design process. Students in this course will choosemajors from four different engineering disciplines – mechanical, electrical, computer, productdesign/manufacturing, and therefore, an introduction to as many disciplines as is practical isdesired. Students participating in the design project also learn that solutions are rarely achievedutilizing only the knowledge base from a single engineering discipline.Finally, no program of study can teach an individual everything they will possibly need to knowduring their professional careers. Therefore, it is crucial for students to develop research skillsthat will allow them to find solutions to problems for which they have little

Conference Session

Biomedical Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amirhossein Arasteh, Washington State University; Casey M. Clark, Washington State University; Bernard J. Van Wie, Washington State University; Nehal I. Abu-lail, Washington State University; Olusola Adesope, Washington State University-Pullman; Shane A. Brown P.E., Washington State University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

California, Davis is in Environmental Engineering. Dr. Brown is a licensed professional civil engineer and has six years of experience designing water and waste water treatment facilities in central California. He was the recipient of the NSF CAREER award in 2011. Dr. Brown’s research focuses on theoretical approaches to understanding why some engineering concepts are harder to learn than others, and how the concepts are embedded in contexts. Page 23.1389.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 A Work in progress- Development of Hands-on Learning Modules for

Conference Session

Issues in Advising and Mentoring

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen Zunkel, Iowa State University; Jason Pontius; Thomas J Brumm, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Foundation Course Availability Committee Course Release Working Group Office of the Registrar University Career Services Council Academic Success Center Departments of Mathematics and English (Departments representing courses most frequently brought in by students)Each group responded to a set of semi-structured questions focused on the challenges andopportunities for both the students and the institution associated with students entering with earlycollege credit. Each focus group lasted or interview lasted approximately 60 minutes.Participants also asked to identify any existing policies, processes, or institutional practices thatmerit review based on their experiences working with early

Conference Session

New Concepts for Alternative and Renewable Energy Courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Radian G Belu, Drexel University (Tech.)

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

and senior con- sultant. He has taught and developed undergraduate and graduate courses in electronics, power systems, control and power electronics, electric machines, instrumentation, radar and remote sensing, numerical methods and data analysis, space and atmosphere physics, and physics. His research interests included power system stability, control and protection, renewable energy system analysis, assessment and design, power electronics and electric machines for wind energy conversion, radar and remote sensing, wave and turbulence simulation, measurement and modeling, numerical modeling, electromagnetic compatibility and engineering education. During his career Dr. Belu published several papers in referred

Conference Session

New Approaches and Applications to Enhance Technological Literacy - Part II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kelsey Joy Rodgers, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Heidi A. Diefes-Dux, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Krishna Madhavan, Purdue University, West Lafayette; William C. Oakes, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

Program 2006 and was the curriculum director for the Supercomputing Education Program 2005. In January 2008, he was awarded the NSF CAREER award for work on transforming en- gineering education through learner-centric, adaptive cyber-tools and cyber-environments. He was one of 49 faculty members selected as the nation’s top engineering educators and researchers by the US National Academy of Engineering to the Frontiers in Engineering Education symposium.Dr. William C. Oakes, Purdue University, West Lafayette William (Bill) Oakes is the Director of the EPICS Program and one of the founding faculty members of the School of Engineering Education at Purdue University. He has held courtesy appointments in Mechanical

Conference Session

Capstone Design Courses and Tools in support of Systems Engineering Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pablo Biswas, Texas A&M International University; Runchang Lin, Texas A&M International University

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

-generation of college students. Therefore, a significantnumber of first-generation college students do not get the academic support from their familymembers [Dennis et al.[9]]. Table 1 represents the enrollment data based on students’ profilesfrom fiscal year 2008 to 2013. Therefore, the students need to depend on the teachers andmentors for their success in their college career specially in Science, Technology, Engineering,and Mathematics (STEM) fields.Due to lack of proper education in the high school level, the incoming freshmen at TAMIU havefaced difficulty to deal with college level mathematics. Therefore, a significant class drop rate isfound in such lower division courses. Table 2 represents the student enrollment, successfulcompletion, and

Conference Session

Computational/CS Initiatives

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

A. Dean Fontenot, Texas Tech University; Richard A Burgess, Texas Tech University; Vinitha Hannah Subburaj M.S; Debra J Nash, Texas Tech University T-STEM Center

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

University Richard Burgess currently works as the Associate Director of the Murdough Center for Engineering Pro- fessionalism (MCEP) and National Institute for Engineering Ethics (NIEE) at Texas Tech University. He oversees the day to day operations of the Center’s distance learning courses for both engineering students and practicing engineers. Additionally, he co-teaches an on-campus ethics course for undergraduate stu- dents. Burgess provides guest lectures on ethics throughout the Whitacre College of Engineering. Burgess has also begun working closely with Texas Tech’s T-STEM Center to incorporate ethics into K-12 STEM education. The push to increase the number of students pursuing STEM careers needs to be accompanied

Conference Session

Novel Pedagogies 1

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arthur C Heinricher, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Paula Quinn, Quinn Evaluation Consulting; Richard F. Vaz, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Kent J Rissmiller, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Page 23.874.12 Desire to maintain involvement with a community 2317 18 that is not related to my universityLike Table 5, Table 6 conveys findings for survey items that are not directly linked to the ULOs,but items in Table 6 are directly linked to professional advancement, which is perhaps anunarticulated desired outcome of all undergraduate programs. Responses indicated that while justover 20% of respondents believed their project work provided them with professionallybeneficial connections, it provided approximately twice as many (38%) with knowledge orexperience that helped them change their minds about future plans—something of particularvalue when considering the importance of career satisfaction. Even more

Conference Session

Programs in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew L Gerhart, Lawrence Technological University; Donald D. Carpenter P.E., Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

resistance to incorporating these techniques to their full potential, Page 23.266.7especially from those faculty that have spent their entire careers using a traditional lecture style.For this reason, it is critical that the workshop allots time to discuss and solve the potentialdifficulties (for students and faculty alike) of incorporating a new pedagogical technique. It isimportant to remind the faculty that there is still a place for lecture; a wholesale coursemodification is not necessary or practical. Another crucial element of the theme workshops isfor the participants to experience a variety of PBLs and ACLs (wherein the KIT faculty

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

DeLean A Tolbert, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica E Cardella, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

about family engineering is emerging. With the most recent adaptation of theFamily Math and Science modules for Engineering, we expect more literature in relevantforthcoming studies. A not -et published work on the role of parents in engineering educationprovides a detailed review of the literature of parents engagement in engineering and science andframes the literature with four common themes. The parent is viewed as24: Page 23.446.14 • Engineering career motivator • Engineering attitudes builder • Students’ achievement stimulus • Scientific/Engineering thinking guideFamily Engineering was created with the goal of “actively

Conference Session

FPD 3: Research on First-Year Courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jon Sticklen, Michigan State University; Daina Briedis, Michigan State University; Claudia Elena Vergara, Michigan State University; Mark Urban-Lurain, Michigan State University; Renée S DeGraaf M.A., Lansing Community College; Louise Paquette, Lansing Community College; Ruth Heckman, Lansing Community College; Neeraj Buch, Michigan State University; Thomas F. Wolff P.E., Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

and reform.Ren´ee S DeGraaf M.A., Lansing Community College Tutoring Services Coordinator, Student Services Division, Learning Assistance DepartmentProf. Louise Paquette, Lansing Community CollegeRuth Heckman, Lansing Community CollegeDr. Neeraj Buch, Michigan State UniversityDr. Thomas F. Wolff P.E., Michigan State University Page 23.488.1 Dr. Thomas F. Wolff is Associate Dean of Engineering for Undergraduate Studies at Michigan State University. In this capacity, he is responsible for all activities related to student services (academic ad- ministration, first year programs, advising, career planning, women

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Learning, Evaluation, and Assessment

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew E. McFarland, University of Virginia; Reid Bailey, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Interdisciplinary Design Skills1 INTRODUCTIONAt the Sunapee State University engineering majors are similar to those at other schools around thenation. Most students choose a specific major in an area of interest to them and their future career plans.Within the engineering major, these students follow a specific track of courses with little variation in theform of electives taken during the third and fourth years. With the only common courses between majorsbeing rooted in math, physics, chemistry, writing and some social sciences, it is unsurprising to find thatgraduates from different programs develop and exhibit a completely different set of technical skills. Theissue in this model surfaces when those graduates leave the university to begin their

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tamara J Moore, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Aran W Glancy, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Kristina Maruyama Tank, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Jennifer Anna Kersten, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Micah S Stohlmann, University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Forster D. Ntow, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Karl A Smith, University of Minnesota & Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Conference Session

Training and Mentoring of Graduate Teaching Assistants

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tershia A. Pinder-Grover, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

. IntroductionEquipping graduate students with the skills they need to succeed in an academic career is aparamount issue in engineering education. There has been much concern that while graduatestudents receive extensive support in developing themselves as research scholars, there are fewopportunities for them to receive training on how to teach.5,10,24 Further, the recommendation inthe Educating the Engineer of 2020 (p. 92) calls for creating learning environments “in whichstudents (1) were more actively engaged than taking notes, (2) focused on problems, designchallenges and artifacts in addition to concepts, and (3) often worked with other students tounderstand and complete assigned tasks.14” Since active learning teaching methods, like theones mentioned in

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ashland O. Brown, University of the Pacific; Richard H. Crawford, University of Texas, Austin; Daniel D. Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; Joseph J. Rencis P.E., Tennessee Technological University; Jiancheng Liu, University of the Pacific; Kyle A. Watson, University of the Pacific; Kathy Schmidt Jackson, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Rachelle Kisst Hackett, University of the Pacific; Paul Henry Schimpf, Eastern Washington University; Chuan-Chiang Chen, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Ismail I Orabi, University of New Haven; Firas Akasheh, Tuskegee University; John J Wood, U.S. Air Force Academy; Brock U Dunlap, University of Texas, Austin; Ella R. Sargent, University of the Pacific

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

the University of Washington at Seattle in 1982, 1987, and 1995, respectively. He began his academic career in 1998, and is currently the chair of the Department of Com- puter Science at Eastern Washington University in Cheney, Wash. His research interest includes numerical Page 23.224.2 methods for forward and inverse solutions to partial differential equations with biomedical applications. Prior to his academic career, he was employed as a senior principal design engineer in the electronics industry, where he enjoyed fifteen years of experience developing parallel embedded signal and image

Conference Session

Reception & Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Scott Grenquist, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Roger G. Hadgraft, RMIT University

Tagged Topics

ASEE International Forum

to achieve personal, career and organizational goals and objectives. development. Nor does it e) Thinks critically and applies an appropriate balance of logic and specify the importance of time intellectual criteria to analysis, judgment and decision making. management. Nor does it f) Presents a professional image in all circumstances, including relations require a “professional image” with clients, stakeholders, as well as with professional and technical at all times. colleagues across wide ranging disciplines.3.6

Conference Session

Delivery Methods in Mechanical Engineering Courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David J. Dimas, The University of California, Irvine; Faryar Jabbari, University of California, Irvine; Jia Frydenberg, University of California, Irvine

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

activities. The latter is thekind generally called “hybrid,” and was a better fit to the actual situation studied.Faculty PerspectiveAt most colleges and universities promotions and tenure are a function of research, publications,teaching and service. In a study of tenure and merit pay, Kasten reports that "teaching is secondin importance to research" and that "adequate teaching is a necessary but not sufficient conditionfor tenure."1 Teaching is a key job requirement and indeed many faculty report that thisinteraction with students is one of the reasons they chose an academic career. However, as juniorfaculty often lament - the realities of supporting the many aspects of research and the strongrelationship between success in these areas and success

Conference Session

Grasping the "Concept"

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrienne R Minerick, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #6876Semester-long Concept Development Projects in Chemical Engineering Elec-tives CourseDr. Adrienne R Minerick, Michigan Technological University Adrienne Minerick received her M.S. and Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame in 2003 and B.S. from Michigan Technological University in 1998. Dr. Minerick’s research interests include electroki- netics, predominantly dielectrophoretic characterizations of cells, and the development of biomedical microdevices. She earned a 2007 NSF CAREER award, has published research in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (2006), Lab on a Chip, and had an AIChE Journal

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander Ganago, University of Michigan; Hongwei Liao

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

am not really interested, I want a good grade 50.8% to maintain my GPAEvidently, the percentages of answers to each question do not add up, which indicatesthat students have mixed motivations and goals. This assumption is confirmed by theircomments, like the following (quoted without editing). Page 23.1101.6On their decisions to take this course:   “Although this course is a requirement for my major, I can still appreciate the need it has in my future career and I am excited to expand my knowledge on the subject.” “I am really only taking

Conference Session

Engineering Libraries (ELD) Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sara M. Samuel, University of Michigan; Natsuko Hayashi Nicholls, University of Michigan; Leena N Lalwani, University of Michigan; David S. Carter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor; Paul F. Grochowski, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

using an electronic textbook during an exam. (2011 respondent) They are a great supplement to hard copies. (2012 respondent)Finally, the 2012 survey asked a question not included in 2011, whether students would chooseto use e-textbooks in the future. Students were invited to follow up with open-ended commentson why they would or would not use e-textbooks in the future. Two hundred ninety-nine studentsreplied. The most common themes expressed in these comments were cost (43%), preference forprint format (27%), and portability of e-textbooks (14%). One other recurring topic was thatstudents were looking ahead to their future careers, and many preferred print format for thereason of ensuring permanent access to books that they believed

Conference Session

ABET Accreditation, Assessment and Program Improvement in ECE.

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ahmed S. Khan, DeVry University, Addison, IL; Aminul Karim, DeVry University, Downers Grove, IL; Jennifer A McClain, IEEE

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

: Technology, Economics, and Politics. In this regard studentsneed to learn: a. How standards play a part in their career; b. How to think critically about standards development and technology solutions; c. About the pace of standards development in terms of technical change; d. How standards help drive innovation; e. How standards development process provides good technical solutions; f. Why standards are flexible.What are the needs of undergraduate and graduate students?Harding (2011) further notes that the state of standards education at the university level isdiverse. There are different needs at the undergraduate and graduate levels: a. Undergraduate students require a basic level of

Conference Session

Restructuring/Rethinking STEM

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joe Tranquillo, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

expense of breadth.The question I will respond to is: “What, if any, value is there in T-shaped undergraduatecourses and curricula?” Many students have began to form a T-shape before college andwill continue to become more T-shaped over time. But it is that during the undergraduateyears that students will transform their various interests into a mindset that will guidethem throughout their career. Teaching the T-shape also brings natural contact with themessiness of the real world, and therefore exercises the capacity for complex thinking. Iwill use the two words mindset and real world to focus the discussion below. Page 23.1237.13

Conference Session

K-12 Professional Development II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gary R. Mayer, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville; Allison Jane Fahsl, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville; Stephen McCaire Marlette, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville; Georgia Bracey, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

design and teaches in a Masters of Arts program designed for second career STEM professionals. He also teaches a variety of courses to as- sist classroom teachers with curriculum development, analyzing their instruction and conducting action research. Dr. Marlette was awarded his Ph.D. from Kansas State University in 2002. During his pro- fessional career he has taught both middle and high school science, worked in professional development schools, and provided teacher professional development at all grade levels (K-12). He regularly collabo- rates with STEM faculty on various projects and grants to improve K-12 STEM learning. He currently is serving as a faculty fellow in the SIUE Center for STEM Research, Education

Conference Session

Design Based Energy Education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Oxana S Pantchenko, University of California at Santa Cruz; Tiffany Wise-West P.E., University of California Santa Cruz; Michael S. Isaacson, University of California, Santa Cruz; Ali Shakouri Shakouri, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

refrigerators on a chip, and waste heat recovery systems. He is also working on a new interdisciplinary sustainability curriculum in collaboration with colleagues in engineering and social sciences. He has initiated an international summer school on renewable energy sources in practice. He received the Packard Fellowship in Science and Engineering in 1999, the NSF Career award in 2000, and the UC Santa Cruz School of Engineering FIRST Professor Award in 2004 Page 23.537.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 ENHANCING STUDENT LEARNING THROUGH A REAL­WORLD PROJECT IN A

Conference Session

Tricks of the Trade

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lynn Albers, North Carolina State University; Laura Bottomley, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Student

. Perry’sDevelopmental Scheme). 4 A student typically enters the university in positions 1 or 2 with avery ‘right or wrong’ point of view. As the student progresses through their collegiate career andengages in experiences, they transcend through positions 2, 3, and 4; ideally graduating inposition 5 (or higher) where they have acquired the ability to perceive knowledge and values asrelative, contingent and contextual.4 Because the university is an educational environment, theintellectual development of the student from positions 1 or 2 to position 5 is an important part ofthe transformation of the student and the goal of the institution.Experiences play an important role in this transformation and sadly, not all experiences arepositive; potentially having a

Conference Session

Using graphics in the rest of the engineering courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard W Marklin Jr, Marquette University; Jay R. Goldberg P.E., Marquette University; Mark Nagurka, Marquette University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

say that I have enough talent to be a visual artist and possibly have a career in visual art.9 I can draw objects and buildings as well as Frank Lloyd Wright did. Page 23.616.8Appendix 2: Description of activities in the ten classes 1. Draw the plastic pipe fitting in < 25 min (pre-test drawing); how to hold a pencil; draw lines of various weights; rotate paper so minimize angular deviation of the wrist; draw orthographic views of a cube (top, side, front) 2. Collect homework; review orthographic views of a cube; draw a circle with the 8-point method; draw orthographic views of a metal electrical box 3. Collect

Conference Session

Engineering and Public Policy II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew J Bates, Polytechnic Institute of New York University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

monitored construction schedules and continually communicated progress to all appropriate stakeholders, and designed a construction lay down area with the Army Corps of Engineers and the contractor and coordinated alternative traffic flow with emergency response and facility personnel. Mr. Bates’ career in the Air Force provided experience with several Department of Defense construction projects where he was able to refine his leadership and construction management skills. He planned, resourced, and executed the design-build of over thirty construction projects involving airfield pavements, base facilities, maintenance and repair ranging from $25K to $180M. He wrote project statements of work, performed periodic

Conference Session

Defining and Refining Technological and Engineering Literacy

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Osvaldo Clua, University of Buenos Aires; Maria Feldgen, University of Buenos Aires

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

. Page 23.748.9 Analyzing the reported data on mandatory technology and comparing it with the technology weknow is used in the courses, we found that a lot of technology went unnoticed. In the groupinterview we could state that students did not identify the used technology with the survey Items. English language is perceived as a mandatory skill among students. In the case of ICT studentswhere data form higher courses is gathered, it can be seen that mastery in English increases asthey progress in their careers. It is usual for teachers to make students read material in Englishand the awareness of the importance of the language increases with this practice. The use of technology when studying showed that the main difficulty laid not with the