Conference Session

College-Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session II: Curriculum

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edward Pines, New Mexico State University; Patricia A. Sullivan, New Mexico State University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

administrative infrastructure to market courses, process online fee-basedcourse registrations, and direct the various details associated with the delivery of professionaldevelopment programs. The I/U program has become financially self-supportive with facultycompensated for new course development through revenue generated from fee-based courses.Where appropriate, personnel from industry partners were enlisted as advisors to ensurerelevancy across the developed courses.Policies have been developed to ensure the ethical conduct of business across the I/Urelationship. Lastly, the developed courses have provided an opportunity for faculty to transferresearch findings and topical expertise directly to a multi-faceted workforce in a relevant andtimely

Conference Session

Curricular Issues in Computing and Information Technology Programs II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yung-Hsiang Lu, Purdue University; Thomas J. Hacker, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Jan P. Allebach, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

the EPICS Program at Purdue University. She received her B.S. and M.S. in electrical engineering and Ph.D. in engineering education, all from Purdue University. She has served as a lecturer in Purdue’s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Dr. Zoltowski’s academic and research interests broadly include the professional formation of engineers and diversity and inclusion in engineering, with specific interests in human-centered design, engineering ethics, leadership, service-learning, assistive-technology, and accessibility.Prof. Jan P. Allebach, Purdue University, West Lafayette Jan P. Allebach is Hewlett-Packard Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Purdue University. Allebach

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 4A: Retention Programs and Strategies

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Meg Harkins, University of North Carolina - Charlotte

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

tonew engineering freshmen. Upper class engineering students host the forum and suggeststudents read a current news article or watch a video and encourage discussion about theengineering implications or simply marvel at the engineering accomplishments. The studenthosts also suggest news articles that pose ethical challenges and video games that challenge thestudent’s ability to visualize in 3D, such as Smart Kit’s Interlocked game [16]. The Interlockedgame serves as one of many crossover points, where the tools serves two purposes within theEBC: to practice 3D Visualization and as an interaction focus in the forum. The goal of thistopic area is to help the students develop a sense of community and make learning part of theconversation before

Conference Session

Assessment of Engineering Leadership Skills

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William J. Schell IV P.E., Montana State University; Paul J. Kauffmann P.E., East Carolina University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

test, p = 0.006).  Respondents supported a variety of reasons that EL is a high importance component of undergraduate education, including: improving student’s career success (72%), the need for effective communication (78%), and the role of leadership in influencing the organization (81%). The strongest reason for this support was based on the professional obligation of engineers, where 85% of respondents agreed that without strong EL, the role engineers hold with respect to solving society’s greatest challenges will be diminished. One respondent took this further, stating “We have a moral and ethical responsibility to create the very best leaders....that is our very mission as post

Conference Session

New Pedagogical Approaches in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Cooper, North Carolina State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

interests include effective teaching, conceptual and inductive learning, integrating writing and speaking into the curriculum and professional ethics. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2016 Why Not Ask Students to Explain Themselves? Enhancing Conceptual Testing with Technical Writing1. IntroductionRecently a great deal of exciting work has been performed on concept-based instruction inchemical engineering, in particular the efforts associated with the AIChE Concept Warehouse(AIChE-CW)1,2. The AIChE-CW provides chemical engineering educators with instruments forevaluating students’ conceptual understanding of course material. Conceptual learning is notwell-served by traditional

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 7: Experiential Learning

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela Thompson P.E., University of Louisville; Brian Scott Robinson, University of Louisville; Jaqi C. McNeil, University of Louisville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

assistants. Although only one credit hour, many topics are covered, includingintroductions to the different engineering disciplines, instruction in critical thinking, teambuilding and communication, ethics, professionalism, and introduction to engineering design.Critical thinking instruction, in particular, has been one area the instructors have aimed toimprove and reinforce in each iteration of the course. Students in this course are providedexplicit instruction in the Paul-Elder (PE) critical thinking framework (Figure 1).1 The PEframework was adopted by the university to improve critical thinking skills for allundergraduates across the curriculum. In addition to explicit instruction of the PE framework inthe Introduction to Engineering course

Conference Session

Potpourri

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John (Lalit) Jagtiani, University of Bridgeport; Neal A Lewis, University of Bridgeport

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

, Planning Required existing systems, and organization. 4. Designing appropriate solutions that satisfy and integrate Planning, Metrics Required ethical, social, legal, and economic concerns. 5. Learning to apply theories, models, and techniques to Planning, Metrics Required identify problems, implement solutions and verify results. 6. Understanding the importance of negotiation, effective Topics Adequately Cover work habits, leadership, and good communication. 7. Learning emerging models, techniques, and technologies as they emerge and the

Conference Session

Focus on Faculty Development

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pradeep Kashinath Waychal, Guruji Education Foundation

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

Teacher -top 3 Professor in my area of specialization and holding important position in ResearcherGovernment Advisory body in TEN years hence.Utilize every single minute of mine. Lack of clarityAfter a year, we assessed the performance of faculty using peer evaluation. We asked eachfaculty member to name the three best faculty members, in the order of priority, by consideringfactors such as knowledge, discipline, student-centeredness, devotion, teamwork, new initiativesand their execution, research and ethics. We allocated weightages of 5, 3 and 1 to the first,second and third ranked faculty members. We aggregated

Conference Session

Instrumentation Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bob Brennan, University of Calgary; Simon Li P.Eng., University of Calgary

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

the benefits of online learning. However, there does appear to begrowing consensus that online learning in isolation can be problematic with respect to studentcompletion and student assessment9; but when online learning is combined with face-to-faceactivities, students can learn even more than in traditional or purely online approaches2,10.3. Design of the study3.1 Second-year computing tools for engineering designFollowing research ethics board approval, this study was conducted in the Fall 2015 term in theSchulich School of Engineering second year course, Mechanical Engineering 337 “ComputingTools for Engineering Design”. This course is a continuation of the first-year computing course,Engineering 233 “Computing for Engineers”, where

Conference Session

Infusing Engineering with Art (and Vice Versa)

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

R.F.A. Hamilton, Siena Heights University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

universitygeneral education distributions requirements and engineering specific courses in economics,technical communications, and ethics. These engineering-centric courses further the dividebetween engineering and the liberal arts. It is important to break the barrier between the study of the liberal arts and the study ofengineering for the future of engineering. The issues faced by engineers in the near term andlong term future are going to require collaboration with the broader liberal arts. This is readilyseen in the 14 grand challenges of engineering unveiled by the National Academy ofEngineering16. They represented a new direction in engineering. These grand challenges were:  Advance Personalized Learning  Make Solar Energy

Conference Session

Pathways to Success in STEM through Computer Science and Making

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alicia Nicki Washington, Winthrop University; Shaefny Grays, North Carolina State University ; Sudipta Dasmohapatra, North Carolina State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

, 5-point LikertSurvey13 Financial Issues, Ethics, Environmental Impact, Sustainability, & DiversityStudent Attitudes’ Middle Attitude-Science, Attitude-Math, 5-point Likerttoward STEM School, High Attitude-Engineering, & 21st centurySurvey2 School skillsMany of the surveys extend from others that are listed. While several measure constructs that areimportant to understanding student attitudes toward computer science, none of them targetunderrepresented minority students. Furthermore, none of the surveys account for the importantconstruct of identity, specifically ethnic identity.Ethnic identity is defined as

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 5A: Work-In-Progress: 5 Minute Postcard Session I

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tracy Jane Puccinelli, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Mary E. Fitzpatrick, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Gene Paul Masters, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

the week, and will be quizzed on boththe lectures and the reading assignments.The two credit course, Design Practicum, is a hands-on design course with lectures and labs thatwill introduce students to relevant topics in engineering including: problem solving, team design,innovation, information technology, engineering, ethics in engineering, community engagementand social responsibility. This course will require partial departmental financial support, thus notall departments are currently committed to participating due to budget concerns. Just over halfof our engineering college is currently planning to participate, with approximately 600 studentsexpected to enroll this coming year. (Fall 2016/Spring 2016) This course is modeled after

Conference Session

Focus on the Classroom: Innovative Pedagogies

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David I. Spang, Rowan College at Burlington County; Kathryn E. Strang, Rowan College at Burlington County

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

-directed continuing professional development h an understanding of and a commitment to address professional and ethical responsibilities, including a respect for diversity i a commitment to quality, timeliness, and continuous improvement.ProgramCriteria j apply circuit analysis and design, computer programming, associated software, analog and digital electronics, and microcomputers, and engineering standards to the building, testing, operation, and maintenance of electrical or electronic(s) systems k apply principles of physics or chemistry to electrical/electronic(s) circuits in a rigorous mathematical environment at or above the level

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division: Sustainability and Hands-On Engineering Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael A. Butkus, U.S. Military Academy; Jeffrey A. Starke, U.S. Military Academy; Phil Dacunto P.E., U.S. Military Academy; Kimberly Quell

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

motivation (cf. Table 5) through the 3D printing experience. In addition toenhancing the design experience required by ABET Criterion V, introduction of 3D printing alsosupported attainment of two ABET Student Outcomes. First, Student Outcome (c) “design asystem, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such aseconomic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, andsustainability” was enhanced because 3D printing introduced students to the concept ofmanufacturability. Second, Student Outcome (k,) “use the techniques, skills, and modernengineering tools necessary for engineering practice” was enhanced because 3D printing is amodern engineering tool.Table 5. Assessment of 3D

Conference Session

Circuits & Systems Education II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Moscola, York College of Pennsylvania

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

interfaces, software engineering, and programming. • An ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability - Students were given an initial set of requirements that constrained their design choices. While the students were not given a specific budget, they were encouraged to think carefully about the cost of their components, their PCBs, and PCB assembly. Using surface mount components, as opposed to through-hole components, reduces the cost of PCB assembly. It also reduces the size of a PCB further reducing the cost to build systems. • An

Conference Session

Innovations in Manufacturing Laboratories

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yanqing Gao, Oregon Institute of Technology; Fei-Yue Wang, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wangping Sun, Oregon Institute of Technology; Xisong Dong, Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries; Xiwei Liu, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries; ShuangShuang Li, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

generation of engineerswith ability to Conceive, Design, Implement, and Operate real-world entities by integrating acomprehensive set of personal and interpersonal skills, and process, product, and systembuilding skills with disciplinary knowledge [1-3]. Essentially, CDIO is promoting "learningby doing" and "project-based education and learning", and many experts and organizationsconsider this approach as the direction for engineering education development now and in thefuture [4-5]. For example, by taking product's life from research to utilization as its carrier,CDIO aims to enable students to study engineering through a proactive, personal, precision,and organic way, to develop student's engineering capability, professional ethics, academicand

Conference Session

Innovative Instructional Strategies for Integrating Sustainability

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diane L. Bondehagen, Florida Gulf Coast University; Simeon J. Komisar, Florida Gulf Coast University; Robert O'Neill, Florida Gulf Coast University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

) first admitted students in 2006,debuting with three majors leading towards the Bachelor of Science degrees in Bioengineering,Civil Engineering, and Environmental Engineering. The Software Engineering Major was addedin 2011. In concert with the University mission, ABET criteria require engineering programs toproduce “graduates who pursue life-long learning through continuing education and/or advanceddegrees in engineering or related fields. Additionally, ABET criteria requires that graduates beable “to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraintssuch as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability,and sustainability.” (ABET 2014)1 With

Conference Session

Classroom Practice II: Technology - and Game-Based Learning

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bob Brennan P.Eng., University of Calgary; Lauren Vathje, University of Calgary; Marjan Eggermont, University of Calgary

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

approaches2,10.3. Design of the study3.1 Second-year computing tools for engineering designFollowing research ethics board approval, this study was conducted in the Fall 2015 term in theSchulich School of Engineering second year course, Mechanical Engineering 337 “ComputingTools for Engineering Design” – at the University of Calgary, Canada. This course is acontinuation of the first-year computing course, Engineering 233 “Computing for Engineers”,where students are introduced to computer systems and programming in a high-level language(Java11). The goal of this second-year course is to provide students with experience in applyinghigh-level software (in this case, MATLAB12) to the solution of mechanical engineering designproblems.Since its introduction

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session I

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edward W. Davis, Auburn University; Joni M Lakin, Auburn University; P.K. Raju, Auburn University; Virginia A. Davis, Auburn University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

requiresteaming, creative problem solving, ethics, and written and oral communication. All of the ENGR1110 sections place significant emphasis on providing students a positive engineering designexperience and cultivating an awareness of the engineering profession. Each department teachesone or more sections of ENGR 1110 and students are encouraged to take the section offered bythe program they believe they want to major in. Total semester enrollments approximate 500students, but individual sections vary from 20 to 130 students depending on the semester anddiscipline. An overarching aim of ENGR 1110 is to increase the likelihood students will remaininterested in engineering while taking predominantly math, science, and general curriculumcourses. Research

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

; demonstrating a positiveattitude toward injury prevention and environmental protection; and regulatory and specialinterests.Desired skill sets or knowledgeParticipants were asked to identify skill sets or knowledge they wish new technicians orengineers had that they don't currently have. The most commonly mentioned needs included:  Programmable logic controller (PLC) and robot controller programming  Soft skills, such as work ethics, customer service, effective communication, conflict resolution, time management, project management  Troubleshooting  Safe working practices  Electrical knowledge - basic single and three phase electrical knowledge; higher voltage power; electric motors and drivesAlso mentioned were CNC

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session I

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohamed Elzomor, Arizona State University; Kristen Parrish, Arizona State University; Chelsea Mann, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

capital facility projects: The Construction Industry Institute. [6] Seager, T., Selinger, E., and Wiek, A. (2011). “Sustainable Engineering Science for Resolving Wicked Problems.” Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics. 10.1007/s10806-011-9342-2. [7] Shepherd, A., and Cosgrif, B. (1998). “Problem-Based Learning: A Bridge between Planning Education and Planning Practice.” Journal of Planning Education and Research, 17(4), 348-357. 10.1177/0739456X9801700409. [8] Tomkinson, B., Tomkinson, R., Dobson, H., and Engel, C. (2008). “Education for Sustainable Development – an Inter-Disciplinary Pilot Module for Undergraduate Engineers and Scientists.” International Journal of Sustainable

Conference Session

Measuring Learning in Statics & Dynamics

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven David Wood, Utah State University - Engineering Education; Wade H Goodridge, Utah State University; Benjamin James Call, Utah State University - Engineering Education; Thayne L Sweeten Ph.D., Department of Biology, Utah State University,

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

prevalence of spatially-related tasks within thecurriculum. Breadth classes include History, Philosophy, Folklore, Ethics, Communication, andLiterature courses which are considered to be limited in spatial impact. Creative arts, anotherclass in the general breadth area, may have a higher spatial impact; however, treating the entireset of breadth courses as a single unit decreases the likelihood of spatial ability impact.Table 2: Expected concurrent courses, percentage of Statics students in each course, andassociated impact factor Class Percentage of Statics Expected Impact Factor for Students Spatial Ability Intro to Computer Programming

Conference Session

ETAC/ABET-Related Issues

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohammed Abdallah, SUNY Polytechnic Institute; Daniel K. Jones P.E., SUNY Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

appropriate technical literature h. an understanding of the need for and an ability to engage in self-directed continuing professional development Table 2. Mapping of the eight Student Outcomes to the Criterion 3 (a) – (k) i. an understanding of and a commitment to address professional and ethical responsibilities including a respect for diversity j. a

Conference Session

Innovative Graduate Programs and Methods, Developing Master's & Ph.D. Programs and Graduate Teaching Assistants

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Saeed D. Foroudastan, Middle Tennessee State University; Karly Anne Danhausen, Middle Tennessee State University; Chelsea Rae Nihill, Middle Tennessee State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies

industries. This encourages toursto be organized for students to learn what different industries focus on and if they are interestedin that line of work. It is also an opportunity for students that participate in the tours to observeand take note of professional skills and conduct in the workplace.ResultsBefore the student can graduate with an MSPS degree, the student must complete a 250-hourinternship with a business that is related to their field of study. This internship replaces thetraditional thesis requirement. While a thesis teaches the student work ethic and proper researchskills, it lacks providing the student much needed hands-on experience he/she receives from realworld industry exposure.3 Students develop problem-solving skills that can

Conference Session

Curriculum and New Course Development in ET

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Ahmad, Northwestern State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

technology problems appropriate to program educational objectives e. An ability to function effectively as a member or leader on a technical team f. An ability to identify, analyze, and solve broadly-defined engineering technology problems g. An ability to apply written, oral, and graphical communication in both technical and non- technical environments; and an ability to identify and use appropriate technical literature h. An understanding of the need for and an ability to engage in self-directed continuing professional development i. An understanding of and a commitment to address professional and ethical responsibilities including a respect for diversity j. A knowledge of the impact of engineering technology

Conference Session

Pipeline and Performance in BME Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric M. Brey, Illinois Institute of Technology; Megan F. Campanile, Illinois Institute of Technology; Norman G. Lederman, Illinois Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

its complications. Students participating in thesummer program were supported by two different mechanisms: 1) The National ScienceFoundation (NSF) REU program (EEC-1157041, EEC-0852048, and EEC-0552896) whichprimarily supports students from off-campus. 2) Institutional funding that only supportedstudents from within the institution. All students were paired with an engineering faculty member from the host institution.Over the 10 weeks they performed an engineering research project focused on the study ortreatment of diabetes or its complications. In addition to research activities, undergraduates tookpart in ethics training, weekly seminars and a K-12 outreach activity. While the activities werethe same for students in both programs

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 8: Project-based Learning and Cornerstone Courses

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James A Middleton, Arizona State University; Stephen J Krause, Arizona State University; Kendra Rae Beeley; Eugene Judson, Arizona State University; John Ernzen; Ying-Chih Chen, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

instructor focus on students learning as opposed to presenting material. 2. In ethically responsible ways, instructors share decision making about learning with students. Teachers control less, but students are involved more. 3. Content is used to build a knowledge base, to develop learning skills and to foster learner self-awareness of their abilities. Teaching approaches account for students’ learning modes and strategies. 4. Instructors and students, together, create learning environments that motivate students to accept responsibility for learning. 5. Assessment activities are used to promote learning and to develop self and peer assessment skills, not to evaluate performance primarily. In a recent meta

Conference Session

Virtual Instruction and Collaboration

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pilar Pazos, Old Dominion University; Nina Magpili

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

undergraduatecourse is Ethics in Engineering and the graduate course is a systems analysis class at the graduate Page 26.754.7level. Both courses have a team project that accounts to approximately 50% of the total coursegrade.Next, we describe the samples used to test the hypotheses.Control group: baseline data collection using the same courses and projects as the treatmentwithout using the collaboration platformUndergraduate n=40, Graduate n=24Treatment group: students enrolled in the same selected courses participating in the same type ofprojects without using the collaboration platformUndergraduate n=33, Graduate n=40We analyzed the impact of the

Conference Session

Introductory Experiences in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander Vincent Struck Jannini, Rowan University; Mary Staehle, Rowan University; Joseph Francis Stanzione III, Rowan University; Christian Michael Wisniewski, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

, 2012.[10] J. M. Basart, M. Farrús and M. Serra, "New Ethical Challenges for Today Engineering and Technology," Telematics and Informatics, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 409-415, 2015.[11] A. Refern and P. Snedcker, "Creating Market Opportunities for Small Enterprises: Experiences of the Fair Trade Movement," International Labor Office, Geneva, 2002.[12] International Labor Rights Forum, "Cocoa Campaign," International Labor Rights Forum, [Online]. Available: http://www.laborrights.org/industries/cocoa. [Accessed 28 November 2014].[13] L. E. Nagle, "Selling Souls: The Effect of Globalization on Human Trafficking and Forced Servitude," Wisconsin International Law Journal, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 131-162, 2008.[14] S. LaFraniere, "Africa's

Conference Session

Design as a Social Process: Teams and Organizations

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bridget M. Smyser, Northeastern University; Kris Jaeger-Helton, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

reason that reason for considered factor (as opposed to schedule, living to contribute: skill set, person was selection proximity) work ethic Individual requested 1 = hang out 5. PAL: Friendship Level 0 = were not 0.1-0.9 = degree to which students spend social time together ‘nearly