Collection

2015 EDI

Authors

Terry A Michalske

– Science $5.1B – Advanced Research Projects Agency—Energy $325M• Funds research at 300 universities 5DOE Launching Energy Crosscut Teams• Grid Tech Team – Significant scale-up of clean energy – Universal access to consumer participation and choice – Holistic design – Two-way flows of energy and information – Reliable, secure (cyber and physical), and resilient• Water Energy Tech Team• Subsurface Tech Team• Advanced Computing Tech Team• Supercritical CO2 Tech Team• Clean Energy Manufacturing Tech Team Clemson University Wind Turbine Drivetrain Test Facility

Conference Session

Makerspaces in the Library: Using 3D printers, Laser Cutters, and Kits to Enhance Learning

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sylvia Jones, Southern Methodist University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

theSchool of Architecture, the Libraries were planning to develop a space that would provide 24-hraccess to students and faculty, irrespective of discipline, and to the community. The space wouldbe a creative hub for project-based, hands-on learning for everyone.The Dean of Libraries, in Deans Council and other meetings with her colleagues, shared theLibraries’ plans and endeavored to gain support from them. Unsurprisingly, there was someinitial skepticism because not everyone fully understood why the Libraries were undertakingsuch a project. Nevertheless, with persistent determination, and several face-to-face meetings,the leadership was able to convince most people of the utility and relevance of the project. Asplanning ensued, faculty members

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael G Mauk P.E., Drexel University; Richard Chiou, Drexel University (Eng. & Eng. Tech.)

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, device operation,defects, variability, and reliability. Laboratory projects using low-cost fluorescent cameras,visible and near-IR cameras, and laser scanning are used to characterize the grain structure,defects, surface roughness, reflectivity, and photovoltaic effects in common solar cell materials(e.g., monocrystalline and multicrystalline silicon wafers, thin film solar cells, commercialsilicon solar cells, and photovoltaic modules. Captured images can be imported into MATLABor other widely-available image processing software for analysis and interpretation. Topicallaboratory modules and projects can teach across engineering disciplines including materialsscience, optics, quality control, semiconductor devices, and renewable energy.1

Conference Session

Interest and Movitation: Formulating New Paradigms to Increase URM Participation in Engineering

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan Miorelli, Colorado School of Mines; Barbara M. Moskal, Colorado School of Mines; Jerry Dwyer, Texas Tech University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

glaciology. In recent years, he has focused on issues of mathematical education and outreach and he has developed a wide range of K-12 outreach projects. His current interests include the mathematical education of teachers, the scholarship of outreach, computational mathematics, and complex dynamics. Page 26.896.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Fundamental Research: Impacts of Outreach on Entering College Students Interests in STEM (Fundamental)IntroductionThe need to train qualified science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM

Conference Session

Student Recruitment and Retention in ET Programs

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ralph Sprang, Pennsylvania State University, Erie; Stephen A. Strom, Pennsylvania State University, Erie

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

improve retention. Bullenevaluated a project-based FYEE program that reported a 33% increase in retention as late as the seventh semester [3]. Baillieresearched peer tutoring as a means of improving retention [4], and Daempfle noted that peer tutoring had the added benefit ofovercoming student’s negative perceptions of faculty [5]. A common theme in these and other prior retention improvement efforts is the formation of community. In this context,we use the word community to express the forming of a friendly cohort of students in the same major. This cohort includes Page 26.918.2the freshmen students in the major

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division: Curricular Programs

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brianna Blaser, University of Washington; Katherine M. Steele, University of Washington; Sheryl Elaine Burgstahler, University of Washigton

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Paper ID #12207Including Universal Design in Engineering Courses to Attract Diverse Stu-dentsDr. Brianna Blaser, University of Washington Brianna Blaser is a counselor/coordinator at the DO-IT Center at the University of Washington where she works with the AccessEngineering program. She earned a bachelors degree in math and psychology at Carnegie Mellon University and a PhD in women studies at the University of Washington. She has a background in broadening participation and career development in science and engineering fields. Before joining DO-IT, she was the project director for the AAAS (American Association for

Conference Session

ECCD Applications in Energy and Thermodynamics

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Farshid Zabihian, West Virginia University Inst. of Tech.

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

concepts are presented in the reverse order.TRADITIONAL TEACHING VS. PROBLEM/PROJECT-BASED TEACHINGIn traditional teaching, first a concept is presented and then examples, problems, and projectsbased on the presented topic are presented. In the problem/project based teaching, first aproblem/project is introduced and then the skills needed to solve the problem are developed.INTEGRATION OF PROCESS MODELING SOFTWARE TO APPLIEDTHERMODYNAMICSThe combination of three aforementioned methods, namely conceptual learning, system levellearning, and problem/project-based teaching has led the teaching approach presented in thispaper. A commercial process modeling software is utilized to deepen student understanding

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John R. Reisel, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Luciana Cancado, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; Cindy M Walker, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee; Dian Mitrayani , University of Wisconsin Milwaukee

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

arecommonly given for encouraging participation in undergraduate research. [3-7]. Whilethe former reason is supportive of the desire to graduate more students in engineering, thelatter reason is less connected to the concept. However, the desire to use undergraduateresearch experiences to attract more students to graduate school tends to focusrecruitment on higher-achieving, more academically-successful students. These students Page 26.441.2are more likely to finish their degrees than weaker students. Therefore, usingundergraduate research projects may not be a productive way to increase the number ofengineering graduates, if the students who are engaging in

Conference Session

Course Development / Curriculum Development

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alisa Gilmore P.E., University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Based on Student FeedbackThe use of robots in undergraduate classrooms has seen a boom in recent years due to theuniversal appeal of robots, and the applicability of robot systems to preparing students for careerpaths in computer science, robotics and intelligent systems, and as well as for teachingfundamental engineering and programming concepts in a fresh way. At our University, a novelrobot platform was developed in 2008 as part of a funded outreach project, applicable to both K-12 outreach and university level instruction. The robot platform, named the CEENBoT, became acentral learning platform for instructing K-12 math and science teachers in a large educationalrobotics project and was simultaneously adopted into the Freshman and Sophomore

Conference Session

Diffusion and Adoption of Teaching Practices

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xiang (Susie) Zhao, Alabama A&M University; Fayequa Majid, Alabama A&M University; V. Trent Montgomery, Alabama A&M University; Chance M Glenn Sr., Alabama A&M University; Juarine Stewart, Alabama A&M University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

gatekeeping courses. Among many factors to this failure, an important one isattributed to the lack of engaging pedagogy inside and outside classrooms. Through this NSFWIDER Program sponsored planning project, a team of faculty and administrators at AlabamaAgricultural and Mechanical University (AAMU) are implementing evidence-based instructionalpractices in foundation courses in STEM curricula. Recognizing that it is essential to implementeffective pedagogy in gateway courses where most attrition occurs, this project has conducted apilot study, which focuses on: (1) collecting baseline data about the extent to which evidence-based practices are currently being used in STEM gateway courses; (2) redesigning threefoundational gateway courses in

Conference Session

Communication Across the Divisions I: Communication in Engineering Disciplines

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David A. Saftner, University of Minnesota Duluth; Mary U. Christiansen; Adrian T. Hanson, University of Minnesota Duluth; Jill D. Jenson, University of Minnesota Duluth; Sara Ojard; Rebecca L. Teasley, University of Minnesota Duluth; Emily Woster, University of Minnesota Duluth

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

junior-level. Collaboration with writing studiesfaculty ensured that the material in the writing guide was consistent with content taught in thosecourses. The writing guide is currently being piloted by civil engineering faculty in selectcourses and by the UMD’s writing center, the Writers’ Workshop, which offers one-to-onesessions led by graduate student or faculty consultants. Lessons learned from this pilot will beused to improve the writing guide before implementation across the civil engineering departmentin the Fall 2015 semester.The following sections first summarize the projects designed to improve writing in theengineering department and then describe the development of the writing guide and assessmentrubric, including the roles of the

Conference Session

Teaching and Learning Strategies II

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pradeep Kashinath Waychal, NMIMS University; Gautam Akiwate, University of California, San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

engineering are people problems’6 - astatement since supported by researchers and industry pundits alike. Scacchi in his review of largesoftware engineering projects found that productivity in projects that were poorly managed or poorlyorganized was significantly lower7. In effect, it can be said that poor management can effectively erasethe potential productivity improvements that can be expected from the use of improved technologies andprocesses8. Viljan, in his recent work, has linked inadequate internal communication and lack ofteamwork to a company's weak performance9. On the other hand, productive work conditions can bemaintained, if the developers are strongly committed to team effort8,10,11. While there is strong andconsiderable influence of

Conference Session

Engineering Physics & Physics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Teresa L. Larkin, American University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics & Physics

14.6 Activities Creative 100 14.6 Project Short Paper 100 14.6 Class 85 12.4 Involvement (Attendance) Final Exam 150 21.9A brief description of each of the writing-based assessment strategies is included below with Page 26.1481.5particular emphasis on the short paper activity. Following a description of the short paperactivity a summary of the strengths of adopting a

Conference Session

Practical Teaching in Manufacturing – 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wangping Sun, Oregon Institute of Technology; Yanqing Gao, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

experiencingpassive learning and the learning effectiveness is often small 5.A student-centered, project-based learning approach needs to be established to improve theteaching of MFG 333. In the student-centered environment, learning is often facilitated throughactive learning. The faculty member should actively involve the student in the learning process(besides the functions conducted under a teacher-centered approach). The active learning occurswhen the students do more than listening during class. It is accomplished through challenging thestudents to ask and answer questions, engaging students in small-group discussions, andincorporating problem solving and projects into the course 6.Several universities have started building a student-centered

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division – Tactical Approaches to Entrepreneurship Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Rogers, The Ohio State University; Richard J. Freuler, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

by counseling on curriculum design, hiring interns, sponsoringcornerstone and capstone projects, holding in-class workshops, and participating in professionaldevelopment activities.The IBE program recruits a small percentage of business and engineering honors studentsaccepted at Ohio State each year. The curriculum is not for the faint of heart. Students mustmaintain a 3.5 GPA throughout the four years, and those entering college with substantialadvanced placement or post-secondary option credit toward their degree are the most likelycandidates to succeed. IBE students finish with a bachelor's degree in their home program, aminor in the complementary program, and diploma recognition for completing the IBE Honorsprogram. Effectiveness of the

Conference Session

Innovations in Upper-level Biomedical Engineering Courses

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lindsey Taylor Brinton, University of Virginia; Colleen T. Curley, University of Virginia; Kimberly Kelly, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

benefit to thestudents’ retention.4 We strongly encouraged participation since, as the name suggests, activelearning elements (worksheets, presentations, discussions, debates) are most effective whenstudents actively take part in them. As instructors, we consistently encouraged our students bothverbally and through emails to participate in class and allotted 10 percent of the final coursegrade to participation. We encouraged students who are introverted to find another way to showus that they were interacting with the material and making an effort. We designed one project toprovide some breadth, but the main focus of the course was to have students truly understand themost important concepts. In other words, rather than being able to remember

Conference Session

Measurement and Instrumentation

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudia Elena Vergara, Michigan State University; Michael Cavanaugh, Michigan State University; Subashini Nagendran Sivakumar, Michigan State University; Daina Briedis, Michigan State University; Thomas David Dionise, Michigan State University; Abdol-Hossein Esfahanian, Michigan State University; Jon Sticklen, Michigan Technological University; Mark Urban-Lurain, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

involved in several research projects focusing on competencies- based curriculum redesign and implementation aimed to integration across curricula; increasing the re- tention rate of early engineering students; providing opportunities for STEM graduate students to have mentored teaching experiences.Mr. Michael Cavanaugh, Michigan State UniversityDr. Subashini Nagendran Sivakumar, Michigan State University Suba Nagendran Sivakumar is a Research Scientist in The Center for Engineering Education Research (CEER). She received her PhD in Plant Pathology from Michigan State University. Her scholarly inter- ests include: research and teaching in Plant Pathology, Molecular Biology and improvement of STEM teaching and learning

Conference Session

Novel Student Experiences in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

D. Jake Follmer, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Sarah E. Zappe, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Esther W. Gomez, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Manish Kumar, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

in research havedemonstrated a number of benefits, including increases in students’ research-based experience,facility in conducting individual research projects, ability to collaborate effectively in research-based settings, and ability to communicate and present research and research-based findings 1, 3, 8.Programs emphasizing research experiences for undergraduate students have a rich history, with Page 26.1243.2funded research experience for undergraduate (REU) programs arising more than twenty-fiveyears ago 1. A goal of such programs is to retain and strengthen the presence of students engagedin science, technology, engineering, and

Conference Session

Integrating Curriculum and Labs in ET Programs

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Warren A. Rosen, Drexel University (Eng. & Eng. Tech.); Irina Nicoleta Ciobanescu Husanu, Drexel University (Tech.); M. Eric Carr, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

courses in both quality control and quality assurance areas as well as in thermal-fluid, energy conversion and mechanical areas from various levels of instruction and addressed to a broad spectrum of students, from freshmen to seniors, from high school graduates to adult learners. She also has extended experience in curriculum development. Dr Husanu developed laboratory activities for Measurement and Instrumentation course as well as for quality control undergraduate and graduate courses in ET Masters program. Also, she introduced the first experiential activity for Applied Mechanics courses. She is coordinator and advisor for capstone projects for Engineering Technology.Mr. M. Eric Carr, Drexel University Mr. Eric

Conference Session

Research to Practice: STRAND 4 K-12 Engineering Resources: Best Practices in Curriculum Design (Part 2)

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Siddika Selcen Guzey, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Tamara J Moore, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

. Educators increasingly recognize the challenge of finding quality curricularmaterials for integrated STEM education. In this study, forty-eight teachers participated in ayear-long professional development program on STEM integration funded by National ScienceFoundation (NSF). Teachers designed twenty STEM curriculum units as a part of the project.Each STEM curriculum unit includes an engineering challenge in which students use or developtechnologies to solve the challenge and integrates grade level appropriate mathematics (dataanalysis and measurement) and one of the three science content areas: life science, physicalscience, or earth science. The study aims to evaluate the STEM curriculum units developed bythe project teachers. We also

Conference Session

Student Recruitment and Retention in ET Programs

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura E. LeMire, The Community College of Baltimore County

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Paper ID #12534Building a STEM Pathway with Engineering by Design andMs. Laura E. LeMire, The Community College of Baltimore County Upon graduation from the University of Maryland at College Park with her masters in geotechnical en- gineering, Laura went to work for Baltimore Gas and Electric where during her career there she was responsible for substation and transmission line construction projects, relocation and installation of BGE facilities for Oriole Park at Camden Yards and for the Light Rail, and for improving service reliability. After obtaining her MBA, Laura became the Director of Corporate Purchasing and was a

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew W. Ohland, Purdue University; Clemencia M. Cosentino, Mathematica Policy Research; Catherine E. Brawner, Research Triangle Educational Consultants; Catherine Mobley, Clemson University; Russell Andrew Long, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Association and American Evaluation Association, in addition to ASEE. Dr. Brawner is also an Extension Services Consultant for the National Center for Women in Information Technology (NCWIT) and, in that role, advises computer science departments on diversifying their under- graduate student population. Dr. Brawner previously served as principal evaluator of the NSF-sponsored SUCCEED Coalition. She remains an active researcher with MIDFIELD, studying gender issues, trans- fers, and matriculation models in engineering.Dr. Catherine Mobley, Clemson University Catherine Mobley, Ph.D., is a Professor of Sociology at Clemson University. She has over 20 years experience in project and program evaluation and has worked for a

Conference Session

K-12 & Pre- College Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barbara M. Moskal, Colorado School of Mines; Joe Saboe, Denver Public Schools

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

outreach program for kindergarten through eighth grade for over tenyears [12, 13, 14, 15]. These prior efforts were completed with a different school district and theresultant model is being transferred and tested here. DPS has been involved in this collaborationsince the summer of 2013. Page 26.383.3Recruitment of teachers and of graduate student participants to this program occurs in the springof each year. Contacts are made with teachers through the school partner district liaisons, e.g.,principals, special project coordinator, parent-teacher organizations, etc. Once an interestedteacher has been identified, follow-up emails or phone calls are

Collection

2015 ASEE Workshop on K-12 Engineering Education

Authors

Melanie Villatoro P.E., New York City College of Technology; Servena Narine, Daniel Hale Williams Public School 307, The Magnet School for STEM Studies; Diana Samaroo, CUNY - New York City College of Technology

classroom teacher (Grades Pre-K, 1, 2 and3), Mathematics Coach, technology teacher and mentor. She works closely with colleagues,planning and facilitating professional development activities. WORKSHOP INFORMATIONProposed Title:Engaging Engineering Experiences for K-5Abstract: Please provide a concise description that includes the workshop’s learning objectives(maximum 750 characters). The abstract is used on the ASEE website, program materials, andotherK-12 Workshop promotional activities.The City University of New York (CUNY) Service Corps mobilizes CUNY students, faculty andstaff to work on projects that improve the short and long-term civic, economic and environmentalsustainability of New York City and of its

Collection

2015 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Julia Ziyatdinova

, founder of the School of Mathematics andNavigation Sciences, polymath Michail Lomonosov, inventor of radio AlexanderPopov, aerodynamics founder Nikolay Zhukovskiy, leading Soviet rocket engineerSergey Korolyov, pioneering Soviet aircraft designers Andrey Tupolev and NikolayKamov, inventor of steam machine Ivan Polzunov, naval architect Alexey Kryilov,first author of Russian jet aircraft project Nikolay Kibalchich, aeronautics pioneerYury Kondratyuk (Alexander Shargei), architects Nikolay Nikitin and VladimirShukhov and many others.Russian engineering school has always provided rank-and-file engineers.These great minds have succeeded in the development of aircraftengineering, exploration and development of mineral deposits and mineral resources

Conference Session

Concurrent Paper Tracks - Session I

Collection

2015 ASEE International Forum

Authors

ZhongLi FU, Center for National Security and Strategic Studies (CNSSS) In National University of Defense Technology (NUDT).; Huang Zhang, National University of Defense Technology; Lini ZHOU, Center for National Security and Strategic Studies, National University of Defense Technology; Tong Wu, Center for National Security and Strategic Studies, National University of Defense Technology; Zhao Zhao, National University of Defense Technology; Changfang Zhang, National University of Defense Technology

Tagged Topics

International Forum

Paper ID #14279The Mechanism of the Engineer’s Cultivation through Combining Trainingwith Scientific Research——Practices and Cases of Training Excellent Engi-neer in National University of Defense Technology (NUDT)Prof. ZhongLi FU, Center for National Security and Strategic Studies (CNSSS) In National University of De-fense Technology (NUDT). FU Zhong Li is deputy director of the Center for National Security and Strategic Studies (CNSSS) In Na- tional University of Defense Technology (NUDT).In this role, he manages NUDT’s Continuing Education reform and leads excellent engineer training research projects. He has conducted

Collection

2015 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Peter Mark Jansson; Neil M. Boyd

photovoltaicsystem designs and proposals. Each of the 12 student participants created business plans thatincluded business mission, market situational analysis, and pro-forma balance sheets, cash-flowstatements, and income statements.The summer institute model can be an effective co-curricular tool to develop many professionalskills and leadership attributes that are more difficult to cultivate in the classroom settings inengineering and management. The self-directed, non-graded nature of the assignments andexpectations can challenge students’ intrinsic motivation. Initially the student expectation, oftenone of waiting to be ‘taught’ can be more quickly overcome in a project-based, summer, co-curricular type of learning environment. The sense of obligation

Collection

2015 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Raghav Khanna

GaN) and prepare an oral presentation supplemented with awrite-up which explains why their selected technology is the best for future versions of powerelectronic circuits. This project enabled students to perform literature searches in highlyreputable IEEE Transactions journals. Not only did this experience give students a taste of thegraduate school experience, but it also highlighted to them the most important and pertinentareas of research in the power electronic arena. The course concluded as conventional powerelectronic courses do, with analysis of AC-DC converters (inverters) and isolated DC-DCconverters. Course evaluations demonstrated that students responded very positively to both thetheoretical and applied nature of the

Collection

2015 Northeast Section Meeting

Authors

Michael Geselowitz; John Vardalas

met once per week for two-and-half hours over 14 weeks. One of these sessions wasthe midterm (the final was given outside class during finals period) and the last class was thestudent presentations of the term project (more on that below). Two of the sessions weredevoted to small stand-alone labs, and third to introducing both the historical and engineeringaspects of the term project. The labs were conducted in groups but individual lab reports weredue. In addition, hands-on demonstrations were distributed throughout the lectures.There was no textbook, but book chapters and articles were made available on-line. For everyclass except the first, last and midterm, there were a number of required readings and two one-page reading reports were due

Conference Session

INDUSTRY DAY SESSION: CMC PANEL SESSION ONE

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Deborah A. Trytten, University of Oklahoma; Rui Pan, University of Oklahoma; Cindy E Foor, University of Oklahoma; Randa L. Shehab, University of Oklahoma; Susan E. Walden, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Topics

Corporate Member Council, Diversity

: How do members of under-represented groups' identities and pathways intersect with SELECT culture to facilitate or encumber participation in SELECT?The structure of the paper is as follows. The next section will describe the research methodology.The Results section will present two separate narratives of Sarah's and Alice’s engineeringexperiences as they pertain to team competition. The Discussion section will compare andcontrast Sarah's and Alice’s experiences and interpret those experiences, including placing theseexperiences in the context of the literature. The final section will draw conclusions.2.0 MethodologyThis manuscript uses data from a large research project using qualitative and quantitativeresearch methodologies and an