Conference Session

Teaching Mechanics of Materials and General Mechanics Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Habib Sadid, Idaho State University; Richard Wabrek, Idaho State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

14.71.3Page 14.71.4Table 1: Mechanics of Materials textbooks with the chapter covering combined state ofstress and the total number of chapters in the book. No. BOOK CHAPTER 1. Strength of Materials (Fourth Edition) Ferdinand L.Singer/Andrew 9 (14) Pytel 2. Intermediate Mechanics of Materials (2001) J.R BARBER 4(12) 3. Mechanics of Materials (2002) Madhukar Vable 9(11) 4. Mechanics of Materials (Fifth Edition) Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russell 7(11) Johnston, Jr. 5. Mechanics of Materials (Seventh Edition) R.C.Hibbeler 9(14) 6. Mechanics of Materials (Seventh Edition) James M

Conference Session

Develop Course / Materials / Topics for a Global Engineering Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Asad Azemi, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

International

hybrid e-learning in conjunction with a synchronous online delivery can minimize the negatives that aresometimes associated with more traditional, primarily asynchronous distance learning offerings.Details of this work, including design and delivery issues, student and course assessment, andrequired technology are included in this paper.IntroductionClearly the advancement and affordability of computer and communication technologies duringthe past decade, especially the rapid growth and usage of the Internet, has had major effects onour everyday lives. Online learning offers the prospect of direct delivery of learning to existinglearners and to groups traditionally excluded by personal circumstances from institutionallearning 1-5. In this regard

Conference Session

Modeling Student Data

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gillian Nicholls, University of Pittsburgh; Harvey Wolfe, University of Pittsburgh; Mary Besterfield-Sacre, University of Pittsburgh; Larry Shuman, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

most.MethodologyDeveloping a model to predict between a STEM outcome vs. another outcome for a givenstudent involves using data to discriminate between the two potential results. A valuable tool inassessing the accuracy of the discrimination is Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve14analysis. The prediction accuracy is a tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity. Sensitivity isthe probability of correctly identifying a STEM student while specificity is the probability ofcorrectly identifying a student having an outcome other than STEM. Such “Not-STEM” studentswere considered to be part of the “All Else” category. Classifying a student outcome as STEMvs. All Else is based upon the value of a prediction threshold. Consider a threshold valuebetween [0, 1

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tzu-Liang Tseng; Thompson Sarkodie-Gyan, University of Texas, El Paso; Jianmei Zhang, University of Texas, El Paso

of rapid globalization across almost all types ofmanufacturing industries, it is foreseen that the network based manufacturing willbecome a significant activity in coming years. According to literatures 1-6, the NBM isone of the fast growing businesses in the manufacturing sector. A distinguishingcharacteristic on the delivery of the curriculum will be student involvement in “hands-on”laboratory activities and experiences. Furthermore, graduates from the program will bewell-prepared with high-tech skills in the areas of automation, production and micro-manufacturing technology. It is expected that nationally this curriculum reform willbecome a national model of teaching network based manufacturing technology andmanagement, while locally it

Conference Session

ECE Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eric Freudenthal, University of Texas, El Paso; Frederick Kautz, University of Texas, El Paso; Bivas Das, University of Texas, El Paso; Luc Longpre, University of Texas, El Paso

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

the capabilities of the lab. For institutionswith limited budgets, it may be impractical to purchase all the devices necessary for each student.Equipment that students have access to are often shared with other students. Usually, students areput into teams and the team must spend time allocated time slots when the lab is available. Once ateam has worked in the lab, it may be time consuming and sometimes not obvious how to resetthe lab to an appropriate configuration. This effectively restricts the kind of assignments given tothe students.Approaches to use virtualizationAlthough not specifically designed for a teaching lab, an approach to simplify the management ofnetworks was proposed by Chandra, Zeldovich, Sapuntzakis and Lam.1 They proposed

Conference Session

Design Communications

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Ekwaro-Osire, Texas Tech; Peter Orono, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

design. In literature theyhave been shown to be an essential tool for (1) reflection, (2) documentation of the designprocess, (3) historical archive, (4) course grade, (5) incidental writing tool, and (6) instantassessment of course for instructor. The use of design notebooks as indicators of studentparticipation in team activities has been investigated.1 It was demonstrated that design notebooksare a good indicator of teamwork practices. Design notebooks have also been used to trackstudents’ cognitive patterns in engineering design.2 Well formulated design notebooks have been shown to have pedagogical and cognitivebenefits 3. To reap these benefits however, it is very important to teach the students how tocomplete an effective design

Conference Session

Outreach and Hands-on Materials

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dana Medlin, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Michael West, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Deborah Mitchell, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Jon Kellar, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Stuart Kellogg, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology

Tagged Divisions

Materials

-based programs and games. The creativity abilities andlearning methods associated with “hands-on” (kinesthesis) teaching methods have substantiallydecreased in recent years due to the availability and allure associated with computer based gamesand teaching programs. The application of kinesthetic learning methods are not as utilized asthey were in the past. Students no longer spend substantial amounts of time creating componentswith their hands, like previous generations, and this may be limiting their ability to comprehendmany metallurgical engineering concepts such as the fundamental concept that relates materialprocessing, microstructure, properties and performance. Figure 1 depicts the interconnectedrelationship between these metallurgical

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary and Project-based Experiences in Manufacturing

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Culler, Oregon Institute of Technology; Noah Anderson, Oregon Institute of Technology; Stanley Ames, Oregon Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

“semester project on steroids”, students at theOregon Institute of Technology set the lofty goal of designing and constructing a RapidPrototyping (RP) machine based on an international community of “Rep-Rappers” (ReplicatingRP Machines) that was started at the University of Bathe, England [1]. The idea is based onbuilding machines that can reproduce almost all of the components to make copies of themselvesusing the RP process, and through collaboration with other groups, implement improvements tothe previous generation of machines. By looking at the machine in terms of subsystems,multiple engineering strategies and tools were employed to complete the project. The studentsalso had to consult with experts from other departments, local industry and

Conference Session

International Initiatives, Partnerships, Teaching Strategies & Collaborative Networks (IUCEE, IFEES, LACCEI.... )

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudio Brito, Council of Researches in Education and Sciences; Melany Ciampi, Organization of Researches in Environment, Health and Safety

Tagged Divisions

International

Environmental World Congress), SHEWC’2008, SHEWC’2009 and WCCA’2007 (World Congress on Communication and Arts) and WCCA’2009 and the International Chair of FIE’2003 (Frontiers in Education Annual Conference), FIE’2004, FIE’2005, FIE’2006, FIE’2008, FIE’2008, FIE’2009 and FIE'2010. Page 14.1298.2© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 Unique and High Quality Manufacturing Engineering (ME) Graduation Program Claudio da Rocha Brito1, Melany M. Ciampi2 1 President of Council of Researches in Education and Sciences

Conference Session

Design Cognition

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohamed El-Sayed, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Page 14.547.2among engineers and researchers there has not been an in depth study for the relationshipbetween realization and design. By using the word realization, in product realization, to meanbeing in physical reality through production the contribution of design and its relation torealization is usually lost. To understand this relationship in depth, however, it is important tounderstand what the term realization actually means. Webster's Dictionary describes some of theuse of the verb to realize as [1]: to make real; to convert from the imaginary or fictitious into theactual; to bring into concrete existence; to accomplish; as, to realize a scheme or project. Anothersource [2], reflecting the current use of word, defines realization as

Conference Session

Develop Course / Materials / Topics for a Global Engineering Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Melany Ciampi, Organization of Researches in Environment, Health and Safety; Claudio Brito, Council of Researches in Education and Sciences

Tagged Divisions

International

Congress of Environmental Researches and Health), EHWC’2006 (Environmental and Health World Congress), SHEWC’2007 (Safety. Health and Environmental World Congress), SHEWC’2008, SHEWC’2009 and WCCA’2007 (World Congress on Communication and Arts) and WCCA’2009. Page 14.786.2© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 International Engineering Education Program off Limits Melany M. Ciampi1, Claudio da Rocha Brito2 1 President of Organization of Researches in Environment, Health and Safety 2 President of Council of Researches in

Conference Session

First-Year Advising and Transition

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Anderson-Rowland, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

SystemResearch has shown that students in the United States study harder in college than in highschool, while East Asian students study harder in high school than in college.1 Surveys of timeuse by students show the average American students study 4.6 hours per week in high school and9.4 hours in college. On the other hand, Korean and Japanese students study 14 and 19 hoursrespectively in high school and 5.1 and 8.8 hours in college 2,3,4 An explanation of why this isso is that East Asian students study harder in high school since these students compete harder toenter better colleges than American students. East Asian firms believe that the name of thecollege is the best predictor of how good a worker the college graduate will be. Therefore EastAsian

Conference Session

Programming for Engineering Students I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arlen Planting, Boise State University; Sin Ming Loo, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

are likely to need in the workplace [1], and the time required to producecode for each new device in assembly results in the course becoming more software-orientedrather than focusing on the hardware and devices. However, using the C language only is notconsidered practical for teaching microprocessors since assembly is the language of theprocessor and thus is necessary for understanding how the microprocessor works. Simplyrewriting device code in C without applying software engineering principles [2] yields poorquality code that is difficult to maintain and cannot be readily targeted to other platforms.However, by selectively applying some of the object oriented principles [3] that can be found inthe Linux kernel and device drivers, the C

Conference Session

Exemplary Outreach Programs in Engineering Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California; Joseph Cocozza, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

AC 2009-2238: RESEARCH, COLLABORATION, AND INTERCONNECTEDOUTREACH FOR UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPSGisele Ragusa, University of Southern CaliforniaJoseph Cocozza, University of Southern California Page 14.1029.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2009 1 Research, Collaboration and Interconnected Outreach for Underrepresented Groups: Success from RET and REU Collaborations Gisele Ragusa, Ph.D. Joseph Cocozza, Ph.D. and Diana Sabogal University of Southern California Abstract

Conference Session

New Trends in CHE Education I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrienne Minerick, Mississippi State University; Keisha Walters, Mississippi State University; Bill Elmore, Mississippi State University; Rebecca Toghiani, Mississippi State University; Rafael Hernandez; Priscilla Hill, Mississippi State University; Hossein Toghiani, Mississippi State University; Todd French, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

to incorporate the following elements in their courses such that there is vertical integrationof concepts as well as coordination of concepts between courses in the same semester: a) implement flexible problem solving through connectivity of topics/concepts, b) utilize parallel terminology for similar concepts, c) demonstrate applications that connect one concept to another, d) identify and generate alternate approaches to achieve a specific task, e) synthesize tools from multiple course curricula to approach larger challenges, and f) demonstrate attitudes and skills for life-long learning.This paper discusses each of the required chemical engineering core courses in our curriculum(see Figure 1 as an example) separately

Conference Session

Capstone Design II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Todd, Brigham Young University; Christopher Mattson, Brigham Young University; Gregg Warnick, Brigham Young University; Ryan Dymock, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

compared to 62% in 1994. Most programs(49% in 1994 and 60% in 2005) also use team sizes ranging from four to six students.4An earlier survey reported that industry was eager to have engineering education prepare studentsto work in teams.1 Today, it is common knowledge that much of the project design work inindustry is conducted in teams and that capstone programs, for the most part, have adopted the useof teams.The method of formation of teams has been a topic of much consideration. Various methods ofteam formation are currently used in capstone courses with the common goal of maximizing teamefficiency and student learning. While some programs allow students to self-select theirteammates, others take a more active approach. Often effort is made to

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Potpourri

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dominic Halsmer, Oral Roberts University; Nate Roman, Oral Roberts University; Tyler Todd, Oral Roberts University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

affordances does not yet exist, the computer software industry has beensteadily working on methods of reverse engineering using automated detection and identificationof design patterns in code.32 This is a very-much related activity that could contribute to thedevelopment of a similar database approach for automatically identifying affordances. A flowchart to guide the process of affordance-based reverse engineering is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Flowchart for Affordance-based Reverse EngineeringHow Affordances Assist in Reverse Engineering Natural SystemsIn March of 2002, the cover story for Science was entitled “Reverse Engineering of BiologicalComplexity” 33, which encouraged the application of engineering concepts like those

Conference Session

Issues and Opportunities in IE Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

J. Eric Bickel, University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

correct), they must assign a probability to each possible answer. In theory, such anexam should better reveal the students’ mastery of the subject, but how should the instructorassign scores in this situation? Formally, consider the assessment of a probability distribution by a student over nmutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive answers, where n > 1. Let p = (p1,…,pn) be an n-vector of probabilities representing the student’s private beliefs, where pi is the probability thestudent assigns to answer i being correct, and the sum of these probabilities is equal to one.These beliefs represent the student’s “true” state of knowledge, but are not directly observable tothe instructor. Let the student’s public assessment or response

Conference Session

Women in Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

J. Carter Tiernan, University of Texas, Arlington; Lynn Peterson, University of Texas, Arlington; Robyn Johnson, University of Texas, Arlington; Jamila Phillips, University of Texas, Arlington

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

cont.) 4 (3 cont., 1 grad.) 6 (4 cont.)M 2 2 (continuing) 4 (2 cont.) 3 (3 cont., 1 grad.) 3 (1 cont., 1 grad.)Table 1: Female and male peer recruiters since program inceptionThe ratio of female to male student ambassadors is quite unlike the ratio of female engineeringstudents to male students. In Fall 2008 in the College of Engineering at University of Texas atArlington women made up 14.18% of the undergraduate population ranging from a high of 26%of the Industrial Engineering department to a low of 10% for the Electrical Engineeringdepartment. We find that it is easier to find female students who are interested in recruiting andoutreach than it is male students which is one reason for the larger number of female

Conference Session

Innovative Teaching Strategies in Engineering Graphics

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Leland, Oral Roberts University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

project scores, overall course scores, and project submission rates. Thecourse is normally taken by first year students during the spring semester. Retention into thesophomore year was also higher for students participating in pair programming.1. IntroductionPair programming, an ingredient in extreme programming, has been used extensively in softwaredevelopment in industry, and has been used experimentally in computer programming basedcourses for engineering students. This paper describes the introduction of pair programming intothe course EGR 140 Engineering Graphics at Oral Roberts University. The course uses the CADsoftware SolidWorks, and emphasizes solid modeling. Pair programming was introduced in adesign project and several smaller special

Conference Session

Design Projects in Mechanical Engineering II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthias Lang, University of Texas, Austin; Dinesh Rabindran, University of Texas, Austin; Tricia Berry, University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

graduate students and engineers, and learn about graduate schooland other undergraduate research options. Graduate students participate in career developmentworkshops and gain mentoring, project management and teaching experience. The program alsoinvites guest speakers that provide information on the topics most relevant to applying andgetting through graduate school successfully.The goals of GLUE are to:1. Contribute to the overall goal of WEP to recruit, retain and graduate women in the Cockrell School of Engineering at The University of Texas at Austin2. Provide undergraduate students with the opportunity to experience research first-hand3. Increase the number of female engineering students pursuing graduate degrees and research careers4

Conference Session

Two-Year/Four-Year: From Articulation to Matriculation

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Anderson-Rowland, Arizona State University; Anita Grierson, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

support, encourage and motivate students (especially women andunderrepresented students) at three levels: 1) in engineering or math/science classes at thecommunity college level, particularly in the metropolitan Phoenix area, 2) as engineeringtransfers to the Fulton School and 3) as successful graduating engineers. A new exploratoryproject funded by the National Science Foundation (grant # 0836050) is determining theeffectiveness of expanding a program to community colleges in non-metropolitan areas acrossthe state of Arizona by leveraging high school and community outreach activities with thesecolleges.This effort is designed to help build a strategic supply-chain or local pathway that produces adiverse engineering workforce for our local

Conference Session

Global Engineering Education: Developments, Implementations

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edmundo Tovar, Polytechnic University, Montegancedo; Paola Carina, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid; Karen Castillo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Tagged Divisions

International

of the Spanish Quality Agency.This paper presents the results of a study with the purpose of reuse the experience ofimplementing the quality processes models to the schools of this university without a QualityAssurance System. As processes models contribute to the enhancement of overall quality forhigher education and enable successive progress towards the higher levels we have proposeda generic Maturity Model that is tuned to the most important key processes. Through severaltechniques, such as focus groups and surveys, success critical factors that are common to allthe university are identified. Lessons learned allow the less mature schools to take an easierway to design new and more efficient processes.1. Quality in the context of European

Conference Session

Computational Tools and Simulation I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sam Shearman, National Instruments

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

14.430.2Figure 1, An example signal processing concept demonstration that examines Kaiser-Besselwindow FIR filter design.Figure 1 shows an example signal processing concept demonstration built using LabVIEW. Theexample explores Kaiser-Bessel window FIR filter design, examining the relationship betweenfilter design parameters and magnitude response. Controls on the left allow the student to modifyfilter order and beta values to specify a trial low-pass filter design. A graph on the rightdynamically plots the magnitude response of the design in decibels as a function of normalizedfrequency. Exploration is possible on the graph, in that the user can zoom in / out by modifyingthe ranges of the plot axes. Doing so enables the user to see details in the

Conference Session

Potpourri

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Anderson-Rowland, Arizona State University

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

thestudents were either female or underrepresented minority or both. Table 1 shows thebreakdown. The percentage of women in the program was 38.2% while the percentage ofwomen undergraduate students in the School of Engineering is less than 17%. Thepercentage of underrepresented minority students in the program was 39.5% while thepercentage of underrepresented minority students in the School of Engineering is now19%. Among the underrepresented minority students, 21 were Hispanic, 6 were AfricanAmerican, and 3 were Native American. Underrepresented Minority Non-Minority TotalWomen 9 20 29 (38.2%)Men 21 26 47 (61.8%)Total 30 (39.5

Conference Session

Modeling Student Data

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Junqiu Wang, Purdue University; P.K. Imbrie, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

LISREL. CFA results show there is a positive correlation between theteam effectiveness measured by the two scales, thus we concluded that our team effectivenessinstrument proved to be valid through the cross-validation process.BackgroundThe Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) [1] with Engineering Criteria2000 started a movement to advance the current curriculum and pedagogy of engineeringeducation. According to ABET guidelines, students graduating from engineering programsshould not only have strong traditional engineering knowledge in fundamental areas such asmathematics and science, but should also be able to work effectively in a multidisciplinaryenvironment in multicultural teams.Campion, Medsker, and Higgs [2] define

Conference Session

Programming for Engineering Students I

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ed Crowley, University of Houston

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Systems (CIS) program. Currently, our undergraduate program is undergoingABET accreditation while our graduate specialization curriculum is certified by the NSAthrough the Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS).The focus of our four, three graduate hour, class specialization is enterprise securityassessment and evaluation. Three of the courses have published technical goals. [1] Froma technical perspective, our learning outcomes include a variety of areas including:computer security, network security, applied cryptography, and Internet security.Consequently, the learning modules that we have developed may be utilized in a numberof technical areas. For example, our colleagues in Computer Engineering Technologyhave incorporated several of

Conference Session

Laboratories in Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arif Uluagac, Georgia Institute of Technology; Walter E. Thain Jr.; Thomas Fallon, Southern Polytechnic State University; John Copeland, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

tools were selected in order to better enablestudent to comprehend the complexities and intricacies of security-related topics. Furthermore,the lab exercises can be used with stand-alone labs, or aid in the completion of programmingassignments or other forms of homework. Descriptions of the security course lab exercises andfeatures of the open source tools that were utilized are included.1. IntroductionIn our era, information is distributed across many uncontrolled domains (e.g., Internet) and wehave become more dependent on technology and the Internet.. For instance, we have manyflavors of distributed networks today: wired, wireless, GPS, hand-held devices, sensornetworks1, etc., with almost the same set of rich networking functionalities (e.g

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Design in the Classroom

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica Brakora, University of Michigan; Brian Gilchrist, University of Michigan; James Holloway, University of Michigan; Nilton Renno, University of Michigan; Steven Skerlos, University of Michigan; Toby Teory, University of Michigan; Peter Washabaugh, University of Michigan; Daryl Weinert, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

in multidisciplinary design (MD Minor). This initiative is intended tocurricularize and expand the impact of our successful design team activities that have historicallyoperated largely independently of the classroom. It is one part of a broader initiative to createexciting opportunities for our students that also includes strong co-curricular programs inentrepreneurial and international experiences. The goal we strive for is to have our studentsgraduate with significant experiences that better prepare them for professional life in amultidisciplinary world. Here, we give a status report of our efforts to implement the MD Minor.Details of the MD Minor include the following requirements: (1) an introductory design-build-test (DBT) activity, (2

Conference Session

New Trends in CHE Education II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gisele Ragusa, University of Southern California; Ted Lee, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

initiative,recommending a move from the macroscopic, unit-operations educational approach to insteadteach from the molecular point of view in a bottom-up fashion. The challenge, however, is tocontinue to serve the more conventional chemical and petroleum industries while instituting thischange. At USC we have developed the two-pronged approach of utilizing (1) a recently-creatednanotechnology course-work emphasis within the Department of Chemical Engineering andMaterials Science, and (2) vertically- and horizontally-integrated “degree projects” consisting ofnano or bio laboratory modules in successive chemical engineering courses that build upon astudent’s growing knowledge in their chosen emphasis, while at the same time relating thedegree project