Relationship of Prior Training and Previous teaching Experience to Self-Efficacy among Graduate Teaching Assistants. Research In Higher Education, 1994. 35: p. 481-497.15. M. Anderson, Impostors in the Temple. 1992, New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.16. J.M. Civikly and R. Hidalgo, Ta Training as Professional Mentoring, in Preparing Teaching Assistants for Instructional Roles: Supervising Tas in Communication, J.D. Nyquist and D.H. Wulff, Editors. 1992, Speech Communication Association: Annandale, VA. p. 209-213. Page 22.1097.1217. D.G. Herrington and M.B. Nakhleh, What Defines Effective Chemistry Laboratory
to become accustomed to.Student comments on the course evaluation further highlight the project as a finale to thecourse, “The Gizmo project was a great way to put everything I learned to use and it wasgreat to see the kids having fun with the gizmos.” The most common criticism of theproject was the need for more time. We note that over the course of implementation, thetime devoted to the project has expended from two weeks to the present schedule, and ateach step in the process more time has been requested.To gain a better understanding of the ways in which this project impacted the educationstudents, two data sources were administered to the EDUC 344 students. First, the self-efficacy scores for the education students were measured using
learning, theyhave the ability to make choices and are able to manage their interaction with the learningenvironment. Empowered students generally exhibit higher levels of motivation.The usefulness component specifies that students are more motivated when they understand howcourse activities relate to their short- or long-term goals. With respect to the success componentof the model, students must believe that they can succeed if they have the required knowledgeand skills and put forth the appropriate effort. Furthermore, students are more motivated whenthey feel challenged by a task that is not too easy or too hard. Self-perceptions of competence arecentral to many motivation theories, such as self-concept theory,22 self-efficacy theory,23, 24
foundations: Having the general understanding of scientific knowledge, the ability to find new science knowledge as required, ability to quantitatively evaluate situations in order to make an informed decision.8 A minimal level is required to be able to start engineering programs in the first year of college (“engineering eligible”).19 ● Belief in competence: The belief that one can succeed in the chosen area. This belief in self, or self-efficacy, influences a student’s career decisions.16 Self-efficacy is important in persistence in engineering and can be positively influenced if experiences allow students to reflect on what they have accomplished and see how that can influences their future success
mentionthat the opportunity to work on this as an “individual” designer and then together on“team builds during the final project” are the most helpful construction experiences.3.1.8 Guided and Independent BuildingThe scaffolding of the construction curriculum components is meant to meet the needs ofa novice builder by providing exposure, support, and improved self efficacy while alsoinspiring and engaging an experienced builder. There are guided build instructions andoptions to build independently from scratch. Participants found both important and someparticipants had completely different views. One participant states that “[t]he mosthelpful to me were the ones that were prescribed, versus having complete freedom,”supporting the need for guided
October 14, 2010, from http://odysseyteams.com/programs/helpingHands2. LEGS For All. LEGS For All . Retrieved January 19, 2011, from http://legsforall.com/projects/kneeproject.php3. Hansen, A. H., D. S. Childress, and E. H. Knox. "Prosthetic Foot Roll-over Shapes with Implications for Alignment of Trans-tibial Prostheses." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 24.3 (2000): 205-15. Print.4. Carberry, A., Lee, H.S., Ohland, M.W. (2010) Measuring engineering design self-efficacy. Journal of Engineering Education. 99(1): 71-79.5. Guay, F., Vallerand, R. J., and Blanchard, C. (2000) “On the Assessment of Situational Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation: The Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS)”. Motivation and Emotion. 24(3
toward global climate change and climate change science (Table 3).• Competency Survey: An Engineering Self-Efficacy Scale, which contains 15 Likert-type statements, was developed and used as part of a previous NSF-funded gender equity program at Clarkson University. It was adapted and used in this project to evaluate participants’ feelings of personal competency relative to NASA education and career goals and scientific/ technical careers related to climate change.Surveys were administered at the beginning and end of the semester for summative purposes.Statistical applications, including inferential statistics such as paired sample t-test, have beenused to measure pre/post changes in student responses. Analyses were conducted with
182 Somewhat True, A Little True and Not True”. Items were organized around three constructs: 1. Self-Efficacy in STEM Learning (e.g., I am good at using technology) 2. Knowledge of STEM ideas (e.g., I know about the engineering design process) 3. Attitudes toward STEM Learning (It is fun to learn about science, technology and engineering)The survey was administered before and after the implementation of the intervention. Theclassroom teacher administered the survey and coded each student name before submitting thesurveys to the research team. At the onset of the intervention, student sense of self-efficacy in doing STEM wasstronger than their knowledge about or attitudes toward STEM dispositions as seen in Table 1.At post
). Unlocking the clubhouse: Women in computing. Cambridge: MIT Press.8. Dweck, C.S. (2007). Is math a gift? Beliefs that put females at risk. In S.J. Ceci & W.M. Williams (Eds.),Why aren’t more women in science? Top researchers debate the evidence (pp. 47-55). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.9. Pajares, F. (2005). Gender differences in mathematics self-efficacy beliefs. In A.M. Gallagher, & F. Pajares (Eds.), Gender differences in mathematics: An integrative psychological approach (pp. 294-315). New York: Cambridge University Press.10. Fryberg, S.A., Markus, H.R., Oyserman, D., & Stone, J.M. (2008). Of warrior chiefs and Indian princesses: The psychological consequences of American Indian mascots
Page 22.191.4the curriculum necessitates that students experience such problem solving settings. However,insufficient attention has been given to these issues in the literature, despite their potentialimportance for building self-efficacy as well as increased student learning and performance.In experimental settings, due to their potential impact on student performance (i.e., designedartifact, or design solutions) perceived ambiguity level of a design task and the tolerance forambiguity level of experiment participants (subjects) should be taken into account during theanalysis of results.A relevant construct to ambiguity might be the gender orientation of a design task as certaintasks can be more oriented towards one gender, and perhaps less
different from the last two ranked traits (“writes neatly” and “draws well”). Whattraits students believe are to be important and their confidence or self-efficacy of them may playa role in whether they choose to pursue engineering.Figures 6. Average ranking of traits in terms of importance to being a successful engineer.The high school or middle school student probably has a limited understanding of the professionof engineering. Throughout the camp, the students were told that creativity and innovation areimportant factors in engineering design. This seemed to contribute to the students understandingof engineering as a multifaceted profession. The summary of the questions and how the answerschanged after the camp are in Figure 7. These were
or problem-solving tasks) and retention measures. It is also important to note that this category includesassessment related to retention after the first year and to motivation (measured either throughsomewhat generic ‘student satisfaction’ surveys or through established motivation frameworkssuch as expectancy-value or self-efficacy).Assessment related to design and problem-solving practices also took a variety of forms, and inmany instances was linked to retention issues as well as to professional skills such as teamwork.Researchers included assessment related to design process knowledge, confidence in design-related tasks, and project outcomes.Beyond these two core issue, researchers reported localized assessment efforts around a numberof
S. Bjorkland. 2003. “Assessing readiness for self-directed learning.” Proceedings of the 2003 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition, Session 1330.x Williamson, S. N. 2007. “Development of a self-rating scale of self-directed learning.” Nurse Researcher, 14(2):66–83. Fisher, M., King J, and Tague, G. 2001. “Development of a self- directed learning readiness scale for nursing education.” Nurse Educator Today 21, 516– 525xi Monoi, Shinichi, Nancy O’Hanlon, and Karen R. Diaz 2005. “Online Searching Skills: Devel- opment of an Inventory to Assess Self-Efficacy” Journal of Academic Librarianship, 31(2), 98–105
generally characterize thedevelopment of self-efficacy as a mediator to career interests and goals. However, self-efficacyis constructed to examine highly task-specific self-perceptions, usually on the short-term. Wewere interested in implementing a macro-level framework that would allow us to assess howstudents view themselves over a long period of time, in a more global context. Our scienceidentity framework encapsulates the dimensions of recognition, interest, performance, andcompetence.29 As illustrated in Figure 1, recognition refers to perceived recognition by others asbeing a good science student while interest addresses a desire and/or curiosity to think about andunderstand science. Measures of performance refer to a belief in ability to
: Investing in teachers. Educational Technology, 1989,29(3), 39-44. 5. Bureau of Labor Statistics http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm 6. C. Czerniak, .& M. Schriver, An examination of preservice science teachers' beliefs and behaviors as related to self-efficacy. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 1994, Volume 5, Number 3, 77-86. 7. N. Fisher, K. Gerdes., T. Logue, L. Smith & I Zimmerman, Improving students' knowledge and attitudes of science through use of hands-on activities. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 436 352).1998 8. J. Harvey, & S. Purnell, S., Technology and teacher professional development. Report Prepared for the Office of Educational Technology, U.S. Department
the 2011 Midwest Section Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education 8 8. Fantz, T.D., T.J. Siller and M.A. DeMiranda, “Pre-collegiate Factors Influencing the Self Efficacy of Engineering Students,” Journal of Engineering Education, 100(3), 604-623, 2011. 9. http://mindstorms.lego.com/en-us/Default.aspx. Accessed June 10, 2011. 10. http://www.engr.uark.edu/home/4609.php. Accessed June 6, 2011.Biographical InformationERIC SPECKINGEric Specking serves as the Assistant Director of Recruitment for the College of Engineering at the University ofArkansas. He directs the engineering recruitment office
preparation programs at our institution. We believe thelevel of mathematical content is high compared to similar programs elsewhere. We are of theopinion that the multidisciplinary nature of our programs (all four elements of STEM) arebeneficial. Preliminary course surveys and measurements of math anxiety and teaching self-efficacy indicate that the integrated STEM teacher candidates do experience substantialimprovements over the course of their curriculum.IntroductionOur institution supports two Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)teacher preparation programs. One program, referred to as the Math/Science/Technology(MST) program, is an elementary [preK-5] program and was started in 1998. The secondprogram is a secondary 6-12
performance.In just this short exercise, where the student primarily experiences organizational and proceduralautonomy, she expresses the sense of increased attainment value and potentially higherexpectancy.10,15 While high levels of structure is expected from the lecture portion of thecurriculum, the labs allow students to engage in some SDL activities. To emphasize the range ofstudent perspectives, it is important to note that this student reports that she had learned morethrough an SDL approach while the previous student indicates he had learned less despite ahigher level autonomy Clearly, students have varying comfort levels with the unstructured natureof SDL experiences and may misjudge their resulting competency and expectancy (e.g., self-efficacy
improve the pedagogy and student experiences in lower divisionundergraduate engineering programs, through collaborations among engineering, education,psychology, language arts, and mathematics faculty. This is accomplished by: developing facultywho possess and incorporate the most effective pedagogical techniques in the classroom, using indepth psychological strategies that consider self efficacy, integrating technology, whereappropriate, leveraging differentiated instruction and formative assessment and using acoordinated and integrated strategy. This paper reveals our findings on reducing the time it takesto prepare our students for Calculus I, henceforth improving retention statistics, throughpromoting teaching and learning through
individuals who might re-enlist to meet financial obligations. • Emphasize physical real-world connections.Research in the area of personal epistemologies indicates that beliefs have indirect effects on Page 22.607.4students' use of learning and self-regulatory strategies, which in turn affect academicperformance6,7. Two undergraduate students are currently working on a broad survey instrumentto measure student perceptions of a) epistemological beliefs regarding the nature of knowledgeconstruction and learning, and b) sense of purpose and self-efficacy regarding academic choicesand career aspirations. A veterans survey conducted by BCTC
experimental study. International Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 24, Issue 1, 107-114.11 Pintrich, P. R., Smith, D. A., Garcia, T., & McKeachie, W. K. (1991). A manual for the use of the motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ). University of Michigan.12 Witt-Rose, D. L. (2003). Student self-efficacy in college science: An investigation of gender, age, and academic achievement. A Master‟s thesis, The University of Wisconsin, Stout. Available at http://www2.uwstout.edu/content/lib/thesis/2003/2003wittrosed.pdf13 SPSS 18.0 for Windows. 2010. SPSS Inc. Page 22.1513.1514 Morgan
Virginia Tech 24-26 workboth directly with FIRST robotics teams as mentors and develop technologies to help teachrobotics concepts to high school FIRST participants. Students from multiple high schools Page 22.1082.5participate in an evening class for elective credit taught by high school teachers and assisted byVirginia Tech students. The program is coordinated by faculty members from MechanicalEngineering and Education. Although not explicitly studied, Kasarda et al. 26 suggest that thisprogram facilitates the development of self-efficacy through mastery experiences in the contextof the mentoring program.Students from Michigan Tech also work with
female faculty represent a vital national resource,particularly in STEM fields, where they often serve as role models and mentors for femalestudents. Recent scholarship provides evidence of the importance of students being taught bywomen faculty in STEM disciplines. Stout, Dasgupta, Hunsinger, and McMcanus2 found thatexposure to women STEM faculty promoted positive attitudes, greater self-efficacy, and strongeridentification with STEM as well as increased commitment to pursue STEM careers.Yet, the majority of faculty members at community colleges are employed part-time, suggestinga complex interplay between organizational context and academic careers. This population andthe environments in which they work continue to be understudied. Researchers
Solving (Research Agenda for Mathematics Education), vol. 3, R. I. Charles and E. A. Silver, Eds. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 1988, pp. 82-92.[19] Newell, J., Dahm, K., Harvey, R., and Newell, H., “Developing metacognitive engineering teams,” Chemical Engineering Education, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 316-320, 2004.[20] Bong, M., “Academic motivation in self-efficacy, task value, achievement goal orientations, and attributional beliefs,” The Journal of Educational Research, vol. 97, no. 6, pp. 287-297, 2004.[21] Multon, K. D., Brown, S. D., & Lent, R. W., “Relation of selfefficacy beliefs to academic outcomes: A meta- analytic investigation,” Journal of Counseling Psychology, vol. 38, pp. 30-38, 1991.[22
., Padilla, M., Zhang, G., Ohland, M., Anderson, T., Graduation Rates, Grade-Point Average, and Changes of Major of Female and Minority Students. Proceedings from 35th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference October 19-22, 2005, Indianapolis, IN Session T3D IEEE# 0-7803-9077-6/0510. Wilson, K. L., Boldizar, J. P. (1990). Gender segregation in higher education: Effects of aspirations, mathematics achievement, and income. Sociology of Education, 63, 62–74.11. NAE (National Academy of Engineering). 2005. Enhancing the Community College Pathway to Engineering Careers. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press.12. Chemers, M.M., Li-tze, H., and Garcia, B.F., “Academic Self-Efficacy and First-year College Student
curriculum 36. self-‐efficacy project-‐based learning 37. professional skills performance 38. persistence science 39. collaborative learning mathematics Page 22.1026.14 40. stem java Table 2. Top 40 keywords most frequently occurring keywords in FIE_sample and FIE_totalFigure 2. Frequency distribution of keywords from FIE_sample: 2005 to 2010. Graph plotted ona semi-log scale to clarify location of the top 40 ranking keywords.Figure 3
, anddemonstrated deeper understanding of subject matter. They found that service-learning is moreeffective over four years and that the messiness inherent in helping solve real community-basedproblems enhances the positive effects (Eyler & Giles, 1999).Astin et al. found with longitudinal data of 22,000 students that service-learning had significantpositive effects on 11 outcome measures: academic performance (GPA, writing skills, criticalthinking skills), values (commitment to activism and to promoting racial understanding), self-efficacy, leadership (leadership activities, self-rated leadership ability, interpersonal skills),choice of a service career, and plans to participate in service after college. In all measures exceptself-efficacy
]Coutinho, S. (2008). Self-Efficacy, metacognition, and performance. North American Journal ofPsychology, 10(1), 165-172. [11] Schoenfeld, A. H. (1987). What's all the fuss about metacognition? In A. H. Schoenfeld (Ed.), CognitiveScience and Mathematics Education (pp. 189-215). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. [12] Selden, A., Selden, J., Hauk, S., & Mason, A. (2000). ‘Why can’t calculus students access their knowledgeto solve nonroutine problems? In E. Dubinsky, A. H. Schoenfeld & J. J. Kaput (Eds.), CBMS Issues in MathematicsEducation: Research in Collegiate Mathematics Education IV. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society. [13] Weber, K. (2001). Student difficulty in constructing proofs: The need for strategic knowledge
enough self-efficacy to apply to engineering if they donot think they will be admitted.To better understand where the population of young women who apply to our college comefrom, we analyzed which high schools had the most women apply to our college and ultimatelyenroll. We found that the schools that sent the most women were the top-performing local highschools. We did the same for minority students and found that in addition to one top-rankedschool about an hour from our campus, our partner schools where we have active K-12engineering education programs matriculated the most minority students. This highlights theneed to continue our partnerships with minority-serving high schools and recruit more effectivelylocally.We have taken steps to