Conference Session

Programmatic Integration of Liberal Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

David Robert Bruce P.E., Fulbright University Vietnam; Sebastian Dziallas, Fulbright University Vietnam

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

acceptance of liberal arts or active learning concepts in relation to this community.Complementary to this analysis is reflective qualitative remarks from the student body in theform of individual comments submitted after course completion. Through analysis of results therefinement of the programming in this unique first year interdisciplinary program can be furtherdata driven and hopefully lead to improved understanding of the intricacies of combined liberalarts – active learning – engineering environments.IntroductionEducation as a genre can be self-defined with a pedagogical dimension that is forever in searchof further understanding. This ever-present shifting of perspective on variety and applicability ofeducation styles has afforded an

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering in K-12 and the First Year

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Tommy George, Harvard University; Alexander Seth Klein; Kristen B Wendell, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

3D modelling software, justifying theirdesign choices by considering reactor volume and geometry favorable for mixing. Throughoutthese activities, learners were curious and engaged, thoughtfully weighing and selecting designchoices, offering and debating new ideas, and raising questions to be answered throughout therest of their chemical engineering studies.Designing this workshop, we aimed to activate the existing knowledge, skills, and motivations ofthese learners as resources for building knowledge about the chemical engineering discipline andfor identifying and practicing skills for creative and productive engineering design. Moreover,these learning experiences followed a cycle of reflection and action to support collaborativelybuilding

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sandra Shaw Courter, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Lauren Seabury, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Benjamin Lee; Gregory Alan Payne; John A. Hoopes, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

a presentation; (3) review feedback and revise slides; and (4) write and post areflection. This assignment enables students to • Demonstrate their understanding of a specific fluid mechanics concept; • Apply a specific fluid mechanics concept to a real-world situation; • Communicate their application in a clear, concise manner to their peers; • Design visuals to accurately demonstrate a concept; • Provide and accept constructive criticism; and • Reflect on their learning.The App was introduced in fall 2010 to improve both instructor teaching and student learningand to connect learning outcomes more explicitly with engineering practice. The App integratedthe core principles of effective teaching and learning with

Conference Session

Engineering Leadership Development Division (LEAD) Technical Session: Innovative Approaches to Teaching & Developing Engineering Leadership

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Benjamin Simon, Georgia Institute of Technology; James Field; Lauren Stewart, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division (LEAD)

around student teamingis the distinction between academic settings and the environments students will experience inprofessional settings. This omission is problematic when juxtaposed to the motivation behindmuch of educators' work: to better prepare engineering students for the profession ofengineering. If classroom settings continue to be just that, students will continue to be ill-equipped for their transitions into the workforce. This paper tests a unique approach to studentteam formation, reflective journaling, and final grading by mimicking certain aspects of theprofessional setting in the classroom – especially as it relates to team formation, projectmanagement, and feedback. This work builds on a previous work-in-progress paper that

Conference Session

Continuing Professional Development Division (CPD) Technical Session 1

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Grace Golden, Purdue University ; Emeline Anne Ojeda-Hecht, Purdue University ; Savannah Meier, Purdue University ; Eric Holloway, Purdue University; Jennifer S. Linvill, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Continuing, Professional, and Online Education Division (CPOED)

explicate thedevelopment of a professional skills certification framework for undergraduate students in amicroelectronics engineering workforce development program and creation of the mechanism(s)to assess professional skill development. The framework facilitates students’ acquisition ofprofessional skills through experiential learning as viewed through the overarching theoreticallens of both social cognitive career theory and self-determination theory. The certificationframework, rubric, and assessment development are described, and the implications arediscussed.Tags: professional skills definitions, implementation, portfolio, professional skills,microelectronics, reflections, rubricIntroductionEmployers and educators alike have recognized a lack

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division GIFTS: Great Ideas For Teaching Students

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dori Harcharik, Western Washington University; Jill Davishahl, Western Washington University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs Division (FYP)

creating inclusive and equitable learning environments through the development and implementation of strategies geared towards increasing student sense of belonging. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2024 GIFTS: Sharing Stories and Building Belonging in a First Year Engineering CourseAbstractThis Great Ideas for Teaching, and Talking with, Students (GIFTS) paper presents a method forfostering a sense of belonging in students through a story sharing assignment in a first-yearengineering course. The authors present how story sharing is integrated into an introductoryengineering course and provides a reflection of the experience on the successes, challenges, andimpact on student

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Technical Session 4

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Osama Desouky, Texas A&M University at Qatar; Yasser M. Al Hamidi, Texas A&M University at Qatar; Marwan K. Khraisheh, Texas A&M University at Qatar

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

printed partsfor biomedical prosthetic molds, and reducing cooling loads using highly reflective paints.The specific learning outcomes are highlighted below with reference to selected student’s projects. 1- Structured problem solvingResearch indicates that problem-based learning, such as the one employed in this methodology,increases student engagement and enhances critical thinking skills [7]. As students assume roleswithin their hypothetical company, they not only learn to articulate the need for their chosen projectbut also develop a deeper understanding of its societal impact. This aligns with the findings ofstudies emphasizing the importance of real-world context in enhancing problem-solving abilities[8]. The technical knowledge phase is

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division (FDD) Technical Session 3

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heidi M Sherick, University of Michigan; Valerie N Johnson, University of Michigan; Heather Wagenschutz, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

Leadership: An intentional approach to faculty leadership developmentPositive Leadership: An intentional approach to faculty leadership developmentAbstractAs Michigan Engineering (the University of Michigan College of Engineering) moved forwardafter the tumultuous pandemic years, College leaders recognized the need for concertedprofessional development in positive leadership. This evidenced-based practice paper discussesa year-long positive leadership development program for engineering faculty and staff members,which was grounded in research from the University of Michigan Center for PositiveOrganizations and a “learn-experiment-reflect” framework. The program was delivered throughsix in-person cohort sessions, self-paced learning via

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division (ARCHE) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alexander Campbell, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering Division (ARCHE)

, and we’re looking into fixing it” [7].Due to the issues encountered with the first exercise, students did not complete the assignment andwere instead asked to focus their attention on writing a reflection on why AI Chatbots may not beready to produce graphs within Excel at this time. Students also reflected on the issues theyencountered when trying to complete the assignment and if they felt they could have accomplishedthe task in Excel faster and more accurately without the assistance of the AI Chatbot. The feedbackreceived overwhelmingly suggested that AI Chatbots are not ready to produce VBA code thegenerates graphs within Excel for the time being and creating these graphs manually may be a betteroption since it would be faster and result

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anika Coolbaugh Pirkey, West Virginia University; Daniel Augusto Kestering; Lizzie Santiago, West Virginia University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

program in the Mid-Atlantic region were tasked to write a reflective essay explaining the challenges faced intheir first four weeks in college. A thematic analysis of the qualitative data was used to analyzethe reflective essays.This “work in progress” paper will summarize the main results of the study. Based on theanalysis, we propose interventions to assist these students in their transition from high school tocollege. This project is relevant to institutions seeking to improve the retention of students intheir engineering programs.Background:First generation college students are defined as students whose parents completed only a highschool diploma or equivalent. Some researchers include in this classification those studentswhose parents

Conference Session

CPDD Technical Session 1 - Design of Professional Development Curricula

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Lu, Texas A&M University; Scott Tingey, Texas A&M University; Denise Preusser; Behbood Zoghi, Texas A&M University

, thecommunication techniques incorporate key elements of emotional intelligence. Last but not least,this course acts as a supplementary tool to coach students throughout their first half of thecapstone project, where effective communication plays a critical role in the success of the entireproject.This study uses a mixed method, in which both qualitative and quantitative data will be collectedfrom various instruments, including written reflections of participation of the interactivesimulations, grades obtained for the written and oral presentations, students feedback survey, etc.Preliminary results collected from the pilot semester will be analyzed to gauge the personal andprofessional impact on students, and to see what potential curriculum improvement

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division 3 - Engagement in Practice Lightning Round: Fostering Reciprocal Partnerships and Empowering Change

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marissa H. Forbes, University of San Diego; Gordon D. Hoople, University of San Diego

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division (COMMENG)

we hoped to develop in thestudents. However, the reflections also highlighted challenges and shortcomings of our currentmodel. For this work-in-progress paper, we share our salient findings from each theme, as wellas instructor observations and lessons-learned from this community project capstone model.IntroductionCapstone design is a critical culminating experience in the academic trajectory of allundergraduate engineering students. At the University of San Diego (USD) senior engineeringstudents across three disciplinary majors (electrical, integrated, and mechanical engineering)collaborate on transdisciplinary teams during their year-long capstone design course experience.Teams work on traditional industry-sponsored projects

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE) Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Geniene K. Minkus, Geniene Minkus Consulting; Meagan C. Pollock, Engineer Inclusion

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

-based assessments, presentations, and reflections. Thesesections were distilled using a combination of classroom experience and research. Eachof these elements is powerful on its own but added together they create opportunitiesfor students to build self-efficacy, belonging, and inclusion. These qualities then lead toclassrooms that can foster students who can find resilience and joy in diversity andcreate equitable spaces. The framework I developed is visualized in Figure 1 below. Iwill describe each of these elements and the research that went into them.Before the Framework: While doing research around actionable science DEIB strategies, I encounteredand studied social-emotional learning (SEL). While the tenants of following theframework

Conference Session

Cooperative and Experiential Education Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Dennis Rogalsky P.E., Minnesota State University, Mankato; Ronald Ulseth P.E., Iron Range Engineering

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative and Experiential Education

education. This DBR approach also reflects Kolb’s [5] four stages of experientiallearning (experience, reflection, conceptualize, and test) as the program developers, faculty, andstudents learn together through each cycle of development. Design & Planning Problem Ideation/ Refined Learning (ProjectStatement Selection Model Objectives mgmt) Data CollectionProgram Design Design

Collection

2021 ASEE Pacific Southwest Conference - "Pushing Past Pandemic Pedagogy: Learning from Disruption"

Authors

Dennis Derickson, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Xiomin Jin, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Charles Clayton Bland, Electrical Engineering Department Cal Poly SLO,CA

formeasuring impedance in networks versus frequency, gain and reflection versus frequency, andtime domain impulse/step response of systems. Many universities have VNAs in their researchlaboratories. Few universities offer undergraduate courses that expose all students to VNAtechnology primarily due to the cost of the instrumentation which can run from $5k for a 1 GHzmodel and $250k+ for a millimeter-wave model. In the last two years, an open sourcenanoVNA was developed and introduced to the market with a $50 price for a 1.5 GHz VNA and$150 for a 3 GHz VNA. This breakthrough in cost/performance now allows all universities touse VNAs in their laboratories. Each student can have access to their own VNA laboratoryexperiment set since the cost is now

Conference Session

Studies in Faculty Development

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan Barlow, Utah State University; Jacek Uziak, University of Botswana; Idalis Villanueva, Utah State University; Oenardi Lawanto, Utah State University; Kurt Henry Becker, Utah State University - Engineering Education

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

industry (see Figure 1 forbreakdown of participants’ organization types). Most responses (85%) were received from theWest/Mid-West region of the United States, and the results presented in this work reflects thesefindings. The answers were considered as those from potential participants indicating theirpersonal preferences on different aspects of the program. In this survey, participants were askedseveral questions relating to professional development for engineering educators in college andindustry. 2-year academic Non-profit institution, organization 89

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leo C. Ureel II, Michigan Technological University; Charles Wallace, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

reflection, grounded in authentic software development settings. Tools in this project include process oriented guided inquiry learning, automated feedback to students through an intelligent tutoring system, case studies in software communication, and guided reflective exercises on team communication. As part of this research, the Ag- ile Communicators team has investigated communication practices in a variety of student and professional software development environments. Wallace has been intimately involved with undergraduate Computer Science curriculum development since his arrival in 2000. He cofounded Michigan Tech’s Software Engineering degree program in 2003. Wallace currently serves as Director of Undergraduate

Conference Session

Pedagogical Issues in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Danny Bee, University of Wisconsin-Stout

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

metaldesign project utilizing newly implemented Solidworks CAD software and one MS Excel basedFEA solution to cutting tool temperature distribution. This individual FEA assignment, much ofit lecture based in instruction, was included to allow the students a direct comparison base tocontrast the two methods. This reflective assessment was collected anonymously at the end ofthe semester utilizing the online course management information platform.Problem-based Learning ApplicationUtilizing a problem-based learning methodology requires a complete change in instructionalstyle. First, the instructor must realize that the PBL method of instruction requires a facilitativeapproach. This interactive approach requires posing a problem, helping the teams

Conference Session

Thermodynamics, Fluids and Heat Transfer - II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Benson, Kettering University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

, manystudents quickly find themselves so far behind in the reading that they can no longer catch up. A reading log system where content responsibility is progressively shifted from theinstructor’s questions to student identification and reflection has been developed andimplemented in junior-level Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics courses to address several ofthe issues associated with student use of the textbook. The goal of the reading log is to improvestudent use of resource material and to provide opportunities for students to develop skills inreading scientific material. Reflective questioning, guided identification of key concepts,probing questions and cyclic problems are some of the tools that are used to stimulate student useof the

Conference Session

Technical Session 2: Improving Information Literacy Programs

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeff McAdams, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Julia Glauberman, Binghamton University Libraries

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

directed at different audiences. After writing a brief reflection ondescription the similarities and differences between the two articles, they will be provided with publication details and asked to reflect on how information format affected their perceptions.Expectation Time to complete: 25-30 minutes Time to grade: 3-5 minutes Read and compare the following two articles on bridge design (article 1, article 2). Briefly describe the differences and similarities between the two articles as well as any points on which you think the authors are in disagreement. ***students submit brief compare/contrast responses*** David P

Conference Session

ECE Division Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adriyel Nieves, Pennsylvania State University; Julio Urbina, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Tim Kane, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Shengxi Huang, Pennsylvania State University; Diego Penaloza, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Antennas Lab #4: Part 2: Antenna Radiation 9 Plane Wave Propagation and Lab #5: Plane Waves Propagation and Polarization Polarization 10 Reflection & Transmission... Lab #6: Reflection and Transmission of & Waveguides EM waves 11 EM Applications (Radars) Lab #7: Waveguide Lab 12 EM Applications (Radars Final Project: Building a Radar cont.) (Integration) 13 EM Applications (Cell Final Project: Building a Radar Phones) (Analysis of Components) 14 EM Applications (Cell Final Project: Building a Radar Phones

Conference Session

First Year Programs Division Poster Session: The Best Place to Really Talk about First-Year Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Victoria E Goodrich, University of Notre Dame; Leo H McWilliams, University of Notre Dame; Catherine F Pieronek, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

. While the basic assignment has remained the same each year, the application haschanged in some way each year. In 2012, four regularly scheduled class sessions were cancelledto provide additional time for students to attend or reflect on their events. Students wereprovided a list of possible events to attend and regular announcements were made of appropriateevents that were being hosted around the university. Based on student feedback from the firstyear’s offering, along with the recognition that the cancelled classes provided additionalopportunities to bring in exploration content (and that some students, due to other constraints,could attend only activities during normal class times), the second year offering was modified.The first-year

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 3: Diversity and Multicultural Influences in the First Year

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth A Adams, Chandler Gilbert Community College; Claire Louise Antaya Dancz, Arizona State University; Amy E. Landis, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

, retain, andprepare students in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields to addresschallenges facing the 21st Century. This paper describes a method for integrating behavioralinstinct learning modules into freshman engineering classes. The method includes an onlineinstinct assessment, in-class activities created to illustrate instinctive behavior related toengineering tasks, practicing awareness through class projects, and reflective writing toencourage students to critically think about this awareness for future classes, activities, andcareers. The effectiveness of the methods described herein will be evaluated through the use ofsurveys, reflective essays, and interviews with faculty and students. The assessments have

Conference Session

Classroom Strategies – New Engineering Educators Division

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elif Miskioglu, Bucknell University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

, various aspects of diversity in the absence of an intrinsicallydiverse classroom composition, as well as allow them to reflect on their own professional andpersonal experiences. Specifically, this module includes activities about implicit bias, stereotypethreat, and cross cultural competence. Student response has largely been positive, and studentreflection assignments have demonstrated critical thinking on the matter. As this is a recent pilotintervention, long-term longitudinal effects have yet to be investigated. Included here aredescriptions of the module activities, generalized student responses, and instructor perspective.While this topic is of great importance to all educators, it is often difficult to incorporate suchmaterial in well

Conference Session

Community Engagement Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

M. Loraine Lowder, Kennesaw State University; Christina R Scherrer, Kennesaw State University; Kevin Stanley McFall, Kennesaw State University; David R Veazie P.E., Kennesaw State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

. “Service learning is anintentional and collaborative pedagogical practice that engages students in structured service toaddress an identified community need and help them ‘gain further understanding of coursecontent, a broader appreciation of the discipline, and an enhanced sense of civic responsibility[4]’[5].” Support documents for our QEP go on to highlight the importance of service learningbeing academically integrated with the course learning objectives while focusing oncommunity needs, involvement of the community partner in the design of the service learningproject, the importance of structured student reflection throughout the project, and a preferencefor the service learning experiences to last the majority of the semester. A service

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen J Krause, Arizona State University; Dale R Baker, Arizona State University; Adam R Carberry, Arizona State University; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University; Bill Jay Brooks, Oregon State University; Debra Gilbuena, Oregon State University; Cindy Waters, North Carolina A&T State University; Casey Jane Ankeny, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

taught six different biology and engineering courses. Dr. Ankeny aspires to employ student engagement strategies in the context of biomedical engineering education in the future. Page 23.837.2 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2013 Just-in-Time-Teaching with Interactive Frequent Formative Feedback (JiTTIFFF or JTF) for Cyber Learning in Core Materials CoursesAbstractIn this new NSF-sponsored Type 2 TUES (Transformation of Undergraduate Engineering inSTEM) project, we are using engagement, assessment, and reflection tools developed in asuccessful CCLI Phase 1 project and are

Conference Session

Active and Project-based Learning

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Garrett Miles Clayton, Villanova University; Teresa Genevieve Wojcik, Villanova University; Aleksandra Radlińska, Villanova University; Noelle K. Comolli, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

– theonly instructor guidance is rule clarifications.After the allotted time, students are asked to reflect in groups on their experience. The class thencomes together to share the reflections and a lecture is given regarding the underlying conceptscovered by the impromptu design exercise. Note that the reflection, discussion and lecture arecritical because they solidify the concepts that are somewhat self-taught during the impromptudesign exercise.2.1.1 Motivation for the use of Impromptu Design Exercises: The educational research on designeducation is specifically focused on design as a behavior – that is to say that the act of design is aset of actions that the engineer does [5]. Thus, in order to develop this behavior, engineeringstudents

Collection

2024 South East Section Meeting

Authors

Sylmarie Davila-Montero, The Citadel

(covering objectives, required tools, and instructions), gradingrubrics, and students’ scores. Reflective insights from students highlight not only the successfulcreation of functional Morse code machines but also a profound appreciation for the practicalapplications of Computational Thinking and programming in the realm of Electrical Engineering.Classroom Activities Leading to ProjectIn the second part of the class, students were introduced to Python and various developmentenvironments, including Spyder from Anaconda 3, as well as the Python editor and simulator forthe BBC Micro:Bit. Following the completion of each class module or topic, students wereassigned brief programming exercises. These exercises required the use of Spyder to

Conference Session

FPD 2: Retention

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lizzie Santiago, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

engineeringdegree, and whether a student have chosen an engineering discipline to pursue. Several surveysadministered at strategic time points during the semester were used to track level of interest inpursuing engineering and to identify key events that can be consider as precursors to leavingengineering. Reflection essays were also employed to understand how the first semesterexperience affects student’s perception of engineering as a career of choice.An analysis of entrance surveys indicated a high level of interest in pursuing an engineeringdegree in most students surveyed. Key events, such as their first calculus test, triggeredindecision in some of the students. Early results identified a group of students at risk of leavingengineering during the

Conference Session

Computing in the classroom

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

B. K. Hodge, Mississippi State University; Govinda Mahajan, Mississippi State Univeristy

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

the water hammer wave is flowing to the right with the steady-state velocity, V; the fluid after the passage of the wave is at rest, but the head is increased by ΔH and the pipe wall distended because of the increased pressure.t = L/a The water hammer wave has reached the pipe entrance where the compression wave is reflected as an expansion wave. The fluid in the pipe is at rest, but the pressure is increased and the pipe wall distended.t = 3/2·L/a The expansion wave (the compression wave reflected from the free surface) is moving to the right and is half way between the pipe entrance and the valve. The fluid, moving to the left