Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ravi P. Ramachandran, Rowan University; Robi Polikar, Rowan University; Kevin D. Dahm, Rowan University; Robert M Nickel, Bucknell University; Richard J. Kozick, Bucknell University; Sachin Shetty, Tennessee State University; Ying Tang, Rowan University; Steven H Chin, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, voice,face, iris and other modalities). Multibiometric systems are also covered. This includesfeature fusion, classifier fusion and systems that use two or more biometric modalities.Biometric system performance and issues related to the security, ethics and privacyaspects of these systems will also be addressed.There is an acute need for biometrics education at the undergraduate and graduate levels.Institutions world-wide have an established graduate program in biometrics and offersenior level undergraduate elective courses [10][11] in the area. The University of WestVirginia offers a Bachelor of Science in Biometric Systems. The U.S. Naval Academyhas a Biometrics Research Laboratory with an aim to enhance undergraduate biometricseducation [11

Conference Session

Engineering Leadership Development Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Simon Pitts, Northeastern University; Steve McGonagle, Northeastern University; Steven W Klosterman, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

hand with passion, discipline, Page 23.399.6 intensity and flexibility. 5. Ethical Actions and Integrity: Adherence to ethical standards and principles and the courage to act ethically and with integrity. 6. Trust and Loyalty: Commitment to actions that will instill trust and to the principle that loyalty to the team yields loyalty to the leader and vision. Working to empower those around you to make the people around you successful. 7. Courage: Face difficult/high-risk actions head-on. 8. Vision: Creating compelling images of the future, identifying what could and should be for new products

Conference Session

Integrating Art, Humanities, and Engineering

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Haungs, California Polytechnic State University; David Gillette, California Polytechnic State University; Debra L. Valencia-Laver, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Elizabeth Ann Lowham, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

solutions toproblems at the intersection ofscience and technology.Demonstrate ethical and professional 4.56 4.30 4.52responsibilities associated with thecreation, use and integration oftechnology.Serve as informed and responsible 4.63 4.18 4.33citizens in a global culture and remaininvolved with learning and helpingsociety improve. Page 23.216.4On the whole, students feel that the core LAES courses (LAES 301, 411, 461/462) do more than“reasonably well” in meeting stated learning objectives. No students ranked the core coursesbelow neutral in meeting any of the learning objectives

Conference Session

Using Communication and Writing Techniques to Improve Student Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shannon Ciston, University of California, Berkeley; Sean Poust, University of California-Berkeley

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

-2014 academic year.Technical Communications for Chemical Engineers is a three-credit, one-semester course thatmeets twice a week for 80 minutes each meeting. During the first four semesters ofimplementation, one faculty instructor has taught both sections each semester, with one graduateteaching assistant per semester supporting both sections of the course. The class meets inclassrooms equipped with a chalkboard plus a media station for projecting presentations files andvideos. The course is supported with an online course management system for file and resourcesharing. ABET student outcomes f (an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility)and g (an ability to communicate effectively) are supported by this course. The full set of

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adeel Khalid, Southern Polytechnic State University (ENG)

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

coursework requires students to engage in actsof ethical, global, and civic inquiry with professors and fellow students. Such acts of inquiryrequire students to think critically and creatively as they solve problems related to technology,scientific discovery, and design. These thinking skills also aid students outside of classroom asthey engage in experiential learning that fosters leadership skills necessary to serve communitieson and off campus4.Honor students get involved with the faculty to help with the research project. Because of theirinvolvement, students develop strong oral and written communication skills. They learn that inengineering fields, employers look for people who can communicate well. Landis5 indicates thatstudents rank

Conference Session

Bringing Industrial Applications into the Classroom

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Margot A Vigeant, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

processes as well as with the large-scale unitoperations used to implement them industrially. Students are also expected to engagewith the extensive regulatory, political, and ethical environment surrounding foodproduction and policy. The five problems on which the course is based span keyelements of food chemistry such as reduction, emulsification, crystallization,pasteurization, and fermentation. The course concludes with a final “free- choice”project where students propose a new product not currently available in stores, and also ajust for fun ‘Iron Chef’-style competition. Student work demonstrates that the courseobjectives are being achieved.BackgroundMotivationStudents’ interest in the technical aspects of food is at a peak, inspired by the

Conference Session

Themes in Renewable Energy and ET

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Florian Misoc P.E., Southern Polytechnic State University; Tommy D Ball; Austin B. Asgill, Southern Polytechnic State University; Cyril B Okhio P.E., Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

based on his contribution tothe project, and his skills to communicate specialized technical information to anaudience.Ethics Component: While not included in the objectives of this course, given the specifictopic of this course, it was determined that one lab session should be dedicated exclusivelyto professional ethics. Thus, an “Ethics Workshop”, design by the instructor, wasconducted, emphasizing case studies. Ethics component were included within theobjectives and the topics of this course.Course Assessment and Results: Since five of the eight course outcomes measuredachieved a satisfactory level, it is concluded that the course needs adequate equipment(wind turbines) and a higher quality textbook should be adopted to maximize

Conference Session

Preparation of Professional Engineers Outside of the USA. What are the Education, Experience, and Exam Requirements?

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Hundley, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Lynn G Brown, The Boeing Company; Patricia Fox, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Catherine Didion, National Academy of Engineering; Daniel R. Sayre, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

University for her B.A. in Secondary Education – Communications.Prof. Patricia Fox, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis Patricia Fox is associate chair of the Department of Technology Leadership and Communication in the Purdue School of Engineering and Technology at IUPUI. Fox has previously served on the ASEE Board of Directors for three terms and has been involved with many ASEE groups including the Engineering Technology Council, Engineering Technology Division, Corporate Members Council, Student Division, and International Division. Fox teaches ethics, leadership and sustainability courses at IUPUI.Ms. Catherine Didion, National Academy of Engineering Catherine Didion is a senior program officer at the

Conference Session

Engineering Leadership Development Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diana Bairaktarova, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica Farmer Cox, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Glen DePalma, Purdue University; Pouneh Eftekhari

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

mechanical objects in engineering education instruction), and how engineering students’ personality traits influence ethical decision making process in engineering design.Dr. Monica Farmer Cox, Purdue University, West Lafayette Dr. Monica F. Cox is an associate professor in the School of Engineering Education at Purdue University and is the inaugural director of the Engineering Leadership Minor. She obtained a B.S. in Mathematics from Spelman College, a M.S. in Industrial Engineering from the University of Alabama, and a Ph.D. in Leadership and Policy Studies from Peabody College of Vanderbilt University. Teaching interests relate to the professional development of graduate engineering students and to leadership, policy

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy and Curriculum 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Timothy F. Wheeler, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Mary Lynn Brannon, Pennsylvania State University, University Park

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

the Design Process” covers the phases of a project lifecycle, project management skills (including teaming), as well as professionalism topics including leadership, conflict resolution, lifelong learning and engineering ethics. Technical communication skills are also a focus of this course. During the final weeks, students begin to organize their capstone projects.  400-level course – “Senior Capstone Design” will be offered in three different forms: Corporate-sponsored projects, Projects with faculty and Special Topics sections.This sequence of design courses was approved by the Electrical Engineering Departmentfaculty in 2010 and by the University Faculty Senate in early 2012. The 200-level course

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shane Cotter, Union College; Anastasia Pease, Union College

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

ECE Department at the University of Miami for the 2004-2005 academic year. Dr. Cotter worked at Nokia Mobile Phones as a senior design engineer between 2002 and 2004 in the DSP/Audio group on speech codec implementation and phone acoustic properties. Dr. Cotter received his Ph.D. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering with an emphasis on Digital Signal Processing from the University of California at San Diego in 2001 and 1998 respectively. He received his undergraduate degree in Electronic Engineering from University College Dublin in 1994.Dr. Anastasia Pease, Union College Dr. Anastasia Pease is a lecturer in English and an award-winning teacher. Her interests include literature and science, ethics and

Conference Session

Sustainability and engineering education

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Mueller PE P.E., Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; John Aidoo, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

building construction. Pre- and post-surveys wereconducted at the beginning and end of the quarter, respectively, to assess student learning.Results confirmed an increase in student awareness and understanding of sustainable designconcepts that were incorporated on a weekly basis throughout the course and how they can berelated to civil engineering projects.IntroductionIn the Fundamental Canons of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Code of Ethics,it states that engineers “shall strive to comply with the principles of sustainable development inthe performance of their professional duties.”1 Additionally, in the statement Dialogue on theEngineer’s Role in Sustainable Development – Johannesburg and Beyond (NAE 2002)2, anumber of American

Conference Session

Classes in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nihad Dukhan PhD, University of Detroit Mercy; Nassif E Rayess, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

communication skills, teamwork andunderstanding ethics and professionalism, and awareness skills which include engineering withina global and societal context, lifelong learning and knowledge of contemporary issues.3 It alsostates that some of these skills can certainly be taught and assessed.3NAE says that the engineer of 2020 is a person with strong communication skills, and that theengineers will have to deal with interdisciplinary and globally diverse teams, public officials anda global customer base.4 In its report titled The Engineer of 2020: Visions of Engineering in theNew Century, NAE says: “…. It is our aspiration that engineers will continue to be leaders in themovement toward use of wise, informed, and economical sustainable development

Conference Session

Information Literacy, Computer Efficacy and Readiness

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bill D. Bailey, Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

by the ability to: a) Demonstrate dependable, accountable, flexible behavior. b) Work effectively and appropriately with others through collaboration and teamwork. c) Choose ethical courses of action. d) Demonstrate effective time management skills.Although these Workforce Skills led to changes throughout the program, this paper willprimarily address changes in assessment in the laboratory segment of major courses. Each majorcourse in this program has a significant laboratory segment where students apply, develop andenhance their technical skills. The new assessment model, in addition to integrating WorkforceSkills, takes a more deliberate and student centered approach to assessment and encourages self

Conference Session

Systems Engineering Education Research

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donna C. Llewellyn, Boise State University; Marion Usselman, Georgia Institute of Technology; Douglas Edwards, Georgia Institute of Technology; Roxanne A Moore, Georgia Institute of Technology; Pratik Mital, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

Problem Collaboration Managing upLeadership ability, management & solving within the & down--to presence, implementation initiative & leadership school system ethics ability, ability, team administrators, evaluation confrontation to teachers, to approaches, approaches, students, and budgeting, willingness to to community planning take actionSchool System

Conference Session

Engineering Economy Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Hubert Wilck IV, East Carolina University; Paul J. Kauffmann P.E., East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy

discounted cash flows to 18. I have improved my ability to function onvalue project and investment alternatives. multidisciplinary teams.7. Evaluate engineering project and investment alternatives using rate of 19. I have improved my understanding ofreturn methods such as IRR, B/C analysis, and payback period. professional and ethical responsibility.8. I am able to analyze various methods of depreciation and influence of 20. I have improved my understanding of thedepreciation on investment tax alternatives. impact of engineering solutions in a global and9. I am able to

Conference Session

Track 2 - Session II - Curriculum Development

Collection

2013 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Masakatsu Matsuishi, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Hiroko Fudano, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Jun Fudano, Kanazawa Institute of Technology; Scott Clark, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Richard Eugene Stamper P.E., Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Curriculum Development

Ethics Director, Applied Ethics Center for Engineering and Science Head, Liberal Arts and Professional Development Programs, Graduate School of Engineering Director, Office of International Programs 1990 Ph.D. in History of Science, the University of Oklahoma 1982 M.A. in Science Education, Interna- tional Christian University, Tokyo 1980 B.A. in Liberal Arts (Physics), International Christian University, TokyoDr. Scott Clark, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Professor of Anthropology Research and teaching on Japanese culture, engineering ethics, and intercul- tural communication. Previously was consultant for Japanese & American businesses with joint projects and other work.Dr. Richard Eugene Stamper P.E

Conference Session

Track 3 - Session II - Faculty Development

Collection

2013 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Stephen Hundley, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Lynn G Brown, The Boeing Company

Tagged Topics

Faculty Development

and a Positive Personal Attitude o Treating People with Fairness, Trust, and Respect o Respect for Diversity o Courtesy and Respect o An Eagerness to Help Others Flexibility o Self-Confidence to Adapt to Rapid/Continuous/Major Change o Thinking Both Critically and Creatively - Independently and Cooperatively Curiosity and Desire to Learn - For Life (Show initiative, Inquire & Learn) o Seeking Advice and Forming Daily Questions to Discover New Insights. o Commitment to Quality, Timeliness, and Continuous Improvement o Understanding Basic Project and Risk Management and Continuous Improvement Concepts (like LEAN+) Ethical Standards and Professionalism o Operate

Conference Session

Engineering Leadership Development Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amadin Osagiede, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Monica Farmer Cox, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Benjamin Ahn, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

that will demonstrate their leadership proficiency tofuture employers and graduate schools.Elective courses are a compilation of pre-approved courses from various academic disciplines.These courses are categorized into four concentrations (communication; ethics; creativity andinnovation; and global and societal impact) with students taking courses in one or twoconcentration areas. The selection of these concentrations is a result of research about otherengineering leadership programs and availability of course options across the university. Thecommunication concentration courses focus on the development of students' professional skillsand engagement with technical and non-technical audiences. The ethics concentration coursesalign with

Conference Session

Computers in Education Division - General Technical Session 2

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven F Barrett, University of Wyoming; Ivo Wambeke

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

the electrical and/or mechanicalengineering disciplines.Elect team leader. The students elected a team leader based on popular vote. The team leaderselected was known for his maturity, work ethic and demonstrated leadership skills. The primaryfunction of the team leader was to coordinate all aspects of the project, maintain the projectschedule, and maintain team cohesiveness and unity.Establish requirements. Given a brief description of the project, the design team elected tomeet with the user to discuss specific project requirements. For the following list ofrequirements were set: - Maintain temperature at 150 oF +/- 5oF - Maintain temperature for up to 120 hours (5 days) - Provide capacity for multiple (12) 6” x 12” cylinder samples

Conference Session

Building a Better Program - Construction Curriculum Enhancements

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark O. Federle, Marquette University

Tagged Divisions

Construction

-rounded education that declares, “We are Marquette” has beenestablished. Students start with courses in rhetoric (6 credits) and mathematical and logicalreasoning (3 credits). Then they take basic theology, ethics and human nature courses (with need6 credits of theology and 6 in ethics and human nature required). Students then add courses inscience and nature, individual and social behavior, literature and performing arts, histories ofcultures and societies, and diverse cultures (with three credits required in each area.TotalsThe Core of Common Studies is completed by taking:  6 credits of Rhetoric  3 credits of Mathematical Reasoning  3 credits of Literature and Performing Arts  3 credits of Histories of Cultures and Societies  3

Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Jin-Lee Kim

AEC/FM industry such as BIM, LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), preconstruction services, and project risk management, including ethical, environmental, and sustainability concerns, (3) To train the students on the application and techniques of BIM technology to provide a fundamental theory and application to the students’ approach to solving the problems encountered in the workplace, (4) To encourage a team approach in the laboratory process simulation to develop skills and learn the importance of collaboration efforts rather than individual advancement, especially in emerging technology fields in the AEC/FM industry, (5) To provide students with sustainable building

Conference Session

FPD 7: First-Year Engineering Courses, Part II: Perceptions and Paradigms

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thalia Anagnos, San Jose State University; Burford J. Furman, San Jose State University; Ping Hsu, San Jose State University; Patricia R Backer, San Jose State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

problems. Examples are Ohm’s Law to analyzea simple circuit, energy transformation and conservation for projects involving dropping objectsor projectile motion, or chemical reactions to evaluate soil or water contamination. The goals ofthis class are similar to those of other first-year engineering courses: Summarize the steps of the engineering design process Apply basic physics concepts to the design and analysis of built systems Apply teamwork skills and resolve team conflict Write a simple engineering report and present the report orally Use tools such as spreadsheets, programming, and CAD software to support engineering design and analysis Use ethical reasoning to address to evaluate ethical dilemmas Explain principles

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kevin Schmaltz, Western Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

. … they learn to be engineers by applying their textbook learning to complex projects-by doing their work as students the way real engineers do their work. They work on projects at every level in their program of study, from …steam engine models in their first engineering classes, to industrially-sponsored projects …in their capstone classes. Page 23.369.2 …WKU engineers not only master technical skills and knowledge, but also acquire and hone professional skills such as teamwork, communication, and ethical professional behavior.The Mechanical Engineering faculty at WKU have developed, implemented, assessed

Conference Session

Creating and Maintaining Effective Communication Learning in the Curriculum

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Warren N. Waggenspack Jr., Louisiana State University; Sarah Liggett, Louisiana State University; Warren R Hull Sr. P.E., Louisiana State University; Boz Bowles, Louisiana State University; Paige Davis, Louisiana State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

. Faculty can reviewC-I course requirements on a university website and then submit documentation via that websiteto receive the C-I designation. The requirements for C-I certification are • Use of informal communication for learning and formal communication for sharing ideas publicly • Emphases on at least 2 of 4 modes • Student/faculty ratio of no greater than 35:1 • Focus on genres and audiences appropriate to the discipline or profession • Dedication to effective communication techniques • Use of draft-feedback-revision process • 40% of course grade based on communication work • Ethical and professional standards for all class workFaculty members teaching these courses give students direct feedback on

Conference Session

New Trends in ECE Education II

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Askia Hill, Purdue University; Cordelia M Brown, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

this level spend a majority of their time developing this skill or learning how to access other people’s perspective. Many learners are at this stage during the middle of their collegiate career. • Independent Knowing – Individuals view most knowledge as being uncertain. They begin to think for themselves and make decisions based on their own understandings and beliefs. Some students reach this level toward the end of college. • Contextual Knowing – Individuals generate knowledge based on the context on which evidence supporting the knowledge is used. Very few students obtain this level before they graduate. [24]C. Scheme of Intellectual and Ethical Development A team of Harvard

Conference Session

Recruitment, Retention and First-year Programs in ECE

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hector A. Ochoa, The University of Texas at Tyler; Mukul Shirvaikar, University of Texas at Tyler

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

and Communication Systems 5. Fiber Optics 6. Electronics 7. Power Systems 8. National Electrical Code 9. Data Analysis 10. Computer Engineering 11. Ethical Issues in EngineeringA main consideration while preparing these topics was that the focus of the course was not tomake the students understand all the details from each topic. Instead, the objective was to exposethem to these topics by keeping in mind that most of them do not possess the necessaryknowledge on calculus and differential equations. Based on the amount of exposure that thestudent will receive on each of the topics, either two or three weeks were allocated for eachtopic. In addition to the two hours of lectures per week a three-hour laboratory was preformedonce a

Conference Session

Introducing New Methodologies and the Incoming Students to Engineering Programs

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

International

experience the benefits that will last alifetime. (3)III. The Mentor as a FriendSome academics believe and advice strongly in maintaining a business-like relationshipbetween mentors and mentees. They claim that: a professor should not have any casualrelationships with students, and such relationships “conflict with our fundamentalobligations as faculty members,(4) and the ethics of the relationship require that thefaculty member remains “dispassionate,” avoiding any appearance of partiality. Thefaculty member should “not seek to be their psychiatrist, friend, or lover.” (5) While someof us may agree about the psychiatrist and lover part, many of us do not agree thatfriendship between students and faculty members has ill effects and should not

Collection

2013 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Charles McIntyre

: Construction Terminology and Accreditation, Ethical Dilemmas, Resume and Career Plan, Engineering and Tech Expo (visit and summary paper), Professional & Trade Organizations, and Guest Speakers.MethodologyThe basic methodology for the development and delivery of the revised CM&E 111 is presentedbelow.  The author attended the ACCE2 Mid-Year Meeting held in Phoenix (February 2012) to discuss first-year construction management courses with construction management program directors at the Baccalaureate Program Chairs Meeting. Approximately forty- five (45) ACCE accredited schools were represented at this meeting. The program chairs approved a request for a survey to collect first-year construction management course

Conference Session

Experiences in Engineering Community Engagement

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Farzana Ansari, University of California, Berkeley; Jennifer Wang, University of California, Berkeley; Ryan Shelby, University of California, Berkeley; Eli Patten, University of California, Berkeley; Lisa A Pruitt, University of California, Berkeley

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

, teamwork and other professionalskills, and are forced to learn “on the job.”2,11-13 Skills outlined by ABET criteria further reflectthe necessity for integrating such attributes in engineering education, including: (a) an ability toapply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering; (b) an ability to design and conductexperiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data; (c) an ability to design a system,component, or process to meet desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic,environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety, manufacturability, and sustainability;(d) an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams; (e) an ability to identify, formulate, andsolve engineering problems; (f) an understanding of