Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Henry A. Wiebe

undergone changes since theirinception and the criteria have been refined to reflect the experience of those participating in theprocess. However, the main thrust of the criteria has remained unchanged.In addition, many states have developed their own criteria for state awards and opened the awardprocess to educational institutions. Some of the state awards for education were copied directlyfrom the Baldrige industrial criteria while others followed a different format. All awards,however, promote a model of TQM implementation within education. The call for educationalreform coupled with the interest generated by state awards for education, prompted NIST todevelop a set of criteria (15) for education. These criteria, shown in outline form in Table 1

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

D.M. Hummels; D.J. Rawnsley; Bruce E. Segee

instrument on a different bus than the one the test is running on, the cablingwould have to be physically changed to the new bus. The address of the instrument wouldhave to be set so that it did not conflict with any other instrument on the new bus location,and the software would have to be recompiled to reflect these changes. Setting up for suchchanges is time consuming and problematic.With the expansion of our facility to include new high speed instruments for A/D testing,the current setup is not an efficient use of equipment.3 The ApproachTwo software packages are described which together address these issues. The first is a“virtual instrument bus” which makes a large number of physical buses on a computernetwork look like a single bus. The

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Byron Winn; Peter Martin; Scott C. Dunning

. The averagemanufacturer spends $14,000 annually on water usage. This places them fourth in terms of averagewater cost for the total manufacturers surveyed.The second largest waste stream cost is non-hazardous solid waste. This is due to the usage ofpackaging material in food manufacturing. The average food manufacturer spends $8,695 annually fordisposal of non-hazardous solid waste. Considering that the average total waste cost for foodmanufacturers is $24,771 annually, it is evident that these two area represent the largest waste streamcosts.The recommendations made by IACs reflect this relationship. Fifty percent of the recommendationswere aimed at water reductions while 32 percent involved the reduction of non-hazardous solid waste.The

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Susan M. Bolton; Scott D. Bergen; James L. Fridley

organizational issues related to workingwith faculty and administration from many disciplines, attracting students, research funding andexternal partnerships, and seeking ABET accreditation.DefinitionsAs a relatively new field, effort continues to be spent in defining the scope and purpose ofecological engineering. Various authors have put forward definitions for ecological engineering,and these definitions reflect the particular aspects of the practice that they feel are critical. Theterm itself is attributed to H. T. Odum who defined ecological engineering as, “Environmentalmanipulation by man using small amounts of supplementary energy to control systems in whichthe main energy drives are still coming from natural sources”.1 Mitsch and Jørgensen

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Vivek Badami; Mike Allen; Johnny Graham; Howard Phillips; David Schmidt; Curtis Ensley; Art Edwards; Silvia G. Middleton; Kimberly A. Buch; J. William Shelnutt; Patricia Tolley

creative problem solving in teams. As in the preceding course, ENGR 1202 is alsoundergoing continuous improvement based on feedback from the students and faculty.Introduction The need for engineering graduates to be proficient at working in teams and in creativeproblem solving is increasingly voiced both by employers and by the Accreditation Board forEngineering and Technology i, which is itself perhaps a reflection of the needs of industry ii iii.Of course, setting up and coaching teams in relatively small classes has been practiced here andelsewhere for some time. The questions we faced in 1994/95 were whether such a feat could beaccomplished effectively for all students entering the college (about 500 per year for TheWilliam States Lee

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Thomas R Phillips

laboratory or practical work is located and to what extent that work is reflected inthe nominal course credit. There are general formulations for credit in Canada and Mexico, butdifferences can be found in the policies of individual institutions.Canadian programs seem to be conservative in giving credit. For example: 1) A course descriptionfor ‘Dynamics of Mechanical Systems’ indicates three credits, but the course actually consists of fourhours lecture and one hour of lab. 2) A standard course in Electromagnetic Fields shows three Page 2.308.3credits for three hours lecture and one hour lab per week. The same course at another school is

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

C. Dianne Martin; Edmund Tsang; Rand Decker

wereinvolved in the evaluation of the service learning project and participate in evaluating theeffectiveness of the students.Through the service learning project, students had an opportunity to work in teams to apply thedesign and analysis skills for natural and engineered surface and groundwater systems that theylearned in CE 452 to provide a needed service to their community. The service opportunitieswere aimed at the development of the civil education of students. Activities in the class provideda method for students to think about what they learned through the service experience and howthese learning related to the curriculum. This included in-class reflection and assignments oftopics for discussions that were led by a Teacher Assistant provided

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Robert E. Magowan; Azmi Bin Ahmad; Deborah Hochstein

interactions which will be examined and establishes the experimental procedure.Test results are entered into the array and an ANOVA analysis of the results yields valuableinformation regarding the optimum combination of factors and levels and demonstrates theinteraction of these factors if any exists. It is important to note that while constructing the arraythe practitioner must take care to insure that the factors and interactions to be included in thearray accurately reflect properties which affect the quality of the product or process. As is truewith all experimental techniques, a poorly designed experiment, even if properly executed, yieldsresults of questionable value

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

John T. Bell; H. Scott Fogler

, principles, and theories, and may be quick but careless. Visual / Verbal: Visual learners prefer pictures, diagrams, charts, movies, demonstrations, and exhibitions. Verbal learners prefer words, discussions, explanations, formulas, and equations. Inductive / Deductive: Inductive learning develops principles and generalities from observations, the natural human learning approach. Deductive development starts with governing principles and then develops applications, the natural teaching approach. Active / Reflective: Active learners learn by doing and participating. Reflective

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Mary E. Besterfield-Sacre; Larry J. Shuman; Cynthia Atman; Harvey Wolfe

sufficient flexibility to satisfy the needs of a wide spectrum of engineering programs. Attitudes And Outcomes Assessment Using QuestionnairesAssessment using well designed and tested questionnaires can provide valuable feedback forevaluation and continuous improvement. We have used questionnaires to measure: x Freshman perceptions about themselves and their abilities to succeed in engineering, and x Engineering alumni reflections about their experiences while attending school and their competencies at time of graduation.These questionnaires have been used to assess several aspects of our engineering programs andare described below.Freshman Attitudinal AssessmentThe Pittsburgh Freshman Engineering

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Roland Jenison; Rebecca Sidler Kellogg

Student ResponseStudents were asked to complete an anonymous survey regarding their dissection experience.The survey was given late in the semester so that the students could better reflect on their entiredesign experience and how the dissection project impacted it. The results of the survey werepositive. Students recognized the dissection experience as a positive model of engineering.Their perceptions of engineering improved after they completed the project.During the fall semester, 1996, two different products were dissected: the Kodak™ FunSaver™camera, and the mobile robot. Students were asked to record their overall satisfaction level forthe dissection project on a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 represents not satisfied and 10 representsvery

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Janet K. Allen; Farrokh Mistree; Jennifer Turns

accessing the software repeatedly over the quarter. In addition, becausedifferent resources are targeted at different class activities (e.g. forming a team, verifying theproject rules), we expect the use of the resources to change over the quarter reflecting theactivities over the quarter.In particular, we explore the following specific question: To what extent are the D-LS resourcesbeing used over the term and from where? This overall question can be broken down into severalsub questions which represent our expectations and are covered in the analysis: • Resource Use: Were all of the resources in the D-LS used? Did any resources go unused? Were the resources accessed repeatedly? Does the resource use constitute effective use by the

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Yixin Shao; Laura Walhof; Joseph J. Biernacki

is in the design project or an earlier activity,students encounter Reflection questions which stretch the limits of their knowledge andchallenge them to think about what they did. For example, in Reinforced Concrete,students are asked, “Do you think that reinforcing the concrete will affect its ability toremain strong and durable over time?”,“Have your ideas changed about how toreinforce a concrete beam?” and “Can you think of another material or technique thatyou would use to improve your original design?” In answering these questions, thestudent begins to make connections with other topics which are of consideration. Thistrains the student to think beyond the obvious, to consider many aspects and to makelinkages with the bigger

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Jens Jorgensen; Lueny Morell de Ramírez; José L. Zayas; John Lamancusa

experience.This questionnaire has been designed to assess the performance and products of this program. Pleaseanswer it to the best of your knowledge.Name:__________________Company:__________________Partner University:[ ] UPR-M [ ] PSU [ ] UW [ ] Other__________________Your Involvement with the program:[ ] Member of Industrial Partner Board [ ] Expert in the classroom [ ] Involved with students projects[ ] Other__________________Instructions:The following items reflect some of the ways in which the Manufacturing Engineering Partnership (MEEP)can be described. Please fill in the numbered circle which indicates THE DEGREE TO WHICH YOUAGREE that each item is descriptive of the experiences you were exposed to and provided

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Jens Jorgensen; Lueny Morell de Ramírez; José L. Zayas; John Lamancusa

[ ] Other__________________Instructions:The following items reflect some of the ways in which the Manufacturing Engineering Partnership (MEEP) can bedescribed. Please fill in the numbered circle which indicates THE DEGREE TO WHICH YOU AGREE that eachitem is descriptive of the experiences you were exposed to and provided by the program. If you have no informationor feel an item does not apply, please fill in the N/A circle.The program allowed students to practice engineering science fundamentals in the solution of real problems.[ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Neutral [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly Disagree [ ] N/AProfessional communications skills were enhanced.[ ] Strongly Agree [ ] Agree [ ] Neutral [ ] Disagree [ ] Strongly

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Roman Z. Morawski; Jerzy Woznicki; Andrzej Krasniewski

number of available options allow each student to design an education path which best matches his/her interests, professional career objectives, capabilities, financial status, and other relevant conditions. To take advantage of the available options, the student must, however, become familiar with many aspects of the system of study. This enhances his/her interest in the Faculty, its academic staff, course offer, and studying in general. Furthermore, the student who is provided with an opportunity to pursue an individually designed program which reflects, to some extent, his/her personality, is usually well motivated to more efficient learning. • An opportunity to design an individual program of study allows the student to be

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Valerie L. Young; Peter L. Silsbee; Joseph W. Newkirk; Bradford L. Snowden; Anu Maria; Jerry W. Samples

the “summer sports camp” feeling developed, and I feltI knew these people remarkably well, I began to feel nervous and worry not just aboutdoing well, but also about whether they would think I was doing well. I forgot about role-playing and started making too many jokes; being “cute” as Jerry correctly put it. I wasrather embarrassed about having lost track of something as simple as role playing at thetime. However, conversations with other groups later in the day revealed this was a wide-spread phenomenon. And as I have reflected on it, I think I understand better why ithappened, at least for me.How was peer review handled by the group?: I thought people gave honest critiques,and were careful to criticize what the person had done, not the

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Murali Krishnamurthi

technology-oriented fieldswill not truly reflect the multicultural make-up of our society. Considering the projectedstatistics on the composition of the future work force, it is imperative that educational institutionsimprove their science and engineering curricula to address gender equity and multicultural issuesand help students experience, understand, and appreciate the benefits of the same before joiningthe work force [1].The following were some of the concerns expressed to the author at the 1996 ASEE conferenceby some engineering faculty about addressing gender equity and multicultural issues in theircurricula: (1) gender equity and multicultural issues appear to be more suited for addressing inthe liberal arts curricula than the science and

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Robert H. Willis

, saw applications from Blacks fall 42 percent this year. In California, though a record number of students applied to the state university system, minority applicants fell for the second year in a row. Applications rose 1.6 percent over all, but Black applications fell 8.2 percent, Hispanic ones fell 3.7 percent and American Indian ones fell 9 percent.Ward Connerly, the University of California Regent who proposed the end toaffirmative action, said the drop was expected and reflects the degree to which racialpreferences unfairly shaped admissions. “This is just basic logic,” Mr. Connerly said. “Ifyou've been given a substantial preference based on race and you take it away, thenumbers are going to drop. But

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Marilyn Dyrud

qualified to evaluate the technical aspect andpseudo-qualified to evaluate grammar"; "Like many instructors in technical fields, I know badwriting when I see it, but I often feel at a loss as to how best to critique it." Concerns and SuggestionsIf survey results are reliable and truly reflect faculty opinions about evaluating student writing,several areas of concern emerge, some of which are easily addressed and others which involvemore complicated solutions. These are detailed below:Goal ReconsiderationRethinking course and writing goals is a natural starting point and may result in improving thequality of papers instructors are reading. Here are some questions to consider: What is the purpose of the writing

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard M. Felder

if they think they may becalled on, they won’t want to be embarrassed and so you’ll get 90+ percent of them activelyinvolved in what you’re teaching. Even if you’re an award-winning traditional lecturer, that’sprobably better than your usual percentage for active student involvement during class. The principal benefit of these exercises is that they get students acting and reflecting, theonly two ways by which human beings learn. The students who succeed in a task will own theknowledge in a way they never could if you simply handed it to them, and those who try and failwill be receptive to discovering what they didn’t know. Group exercises have the added benefitof giving students an opportunity to meet and work with one another, a

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Randall L. Kolar; David A. Sabatini

implemented for any engineering course. At OU,and at many other universities, one credit hour of lab instruction equals three hours of contacttime per week. If one assumes a typical 16-hour credit load and if all courses implemented a labsession, then the total contact time per week would be less than 30 hours; hence, it could easilyfit in the existing calendar. Moreover, with the expanded sessions, student groups would berequired to meet less frequently outside of the classroom, which partially offsets the extra contacttime. More importantly, this expanded time slot could be used to conduct group learningactivities at a more relaxed pace, a pace that allows students to reflect on problems, explore andassess alternative solutions, and critique other

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Mark A. Pagano; Christine L. Corum

benefits gained by the specific improvementprojects.ConclusionIt is important to reflect on the initiatives that have been implemented and attempt to glean whichhave been most productive relative to the effort expended. Criticism of the CQI program, is thatfaculty and staff often feel overwhelmed. It is important to carefully prioritize goals and to notover extend participants or divert their efforts completely away from their existingresponsibilities. This is where the strategic plan becomes invaluable. It is believed that theplanning retreat, and resulting planning document are the most critical steps in the overall CQIeffort.It should also be noted that CQI really needs to become a part of the department’s culture. TheDepartment Leaders must

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Ratan Kumar; Phillip R. Foster; George W. Watt

identified the laboratory needs in terms of fixtures, tooling, devices, and testspecimens. They then decided which design and manufacturing courses were appropriate totackle the problem, which was then incorporated into those classes as a team project. The MEETdesign students were required at the outset to consider the manufacturing processes available inthe manufacturing labs and they communicated with the MFET students on the team so that thedesign reflected an effort to efficiently use the available processes. The designs were analyzedusing appropriate analysis tools including finite element methods in order to give students Page 2.8.2experience in

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Jose A. Macedo

A2 = 0 ALARM=1 TIMER1=0 TIMER2=0 Figure 5: State -Transition DiagramD. Table of Inputs and Outputs.Table 1 shows a format used to document the interface between sensors/actuators and thecontroller. The students receive a blank format as well as the filled form documenting theexisting project. They fill the blank form to reflect the design changes they are planning tomake to improve the project. Working with blank forms provides modularity, is standardpractice in engineering, helps the students concentrate on the content and not on the form,and is easier to

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Robert P. Taylor; B.K. Hodge

early 1940’s has such amassive shift of engineering manpower from one sector to another taken place; this time,however, the shift is from the defense-related industry to more civilian-oriented sectors. If, asmany ME educators believe, engineering education in the latter part of the twentieth century waseducationally oriented to provide engineering expertise to the defense and space industries, thencontinuing, significant changes in ME education to reflect demands for different expertise can beexpected. Page 2.193.2 Table 1. Factors for Change in Mechanical Engineering EducationNUMBER FACTOR1 Cold war over2

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Jeffrey W. Roule; Carl W. Steidley

high level language such as Adaor C. The main use of the resulting code is in observing the system performing undercircumstances that are as close to the real world as one wants. For example, the prototype codecan be executed in a full-fledged simulator of the target environment or in the final environmentitself. The code produced should be considered to be prototypical, and not necessarilyproduction or final code. Consequently, it might not always reflect accurate real-timeperformance of the intended system. Nevertheless, it runs much faster than the animatedsimulations, and hence is useful for testing the system’s performance in close to realcircumstances.ExampleFor demonstration purposes we will include two examples given by Hoare in his

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Ravi Jain

that could be made to the Design Clinic.Because engineers today often work with teams across national boundaries, the clinic shouldreflect the complexities of this challenge. Some of their suggestions were:• Students could be asked to design products for the German or Japanese market and make their presentations to German or Japanese judges in their chosen language.• A group of teams could collaborate through electronic communication methods while simultaneously working on a common design assignment. They might then present their product jointly, or separately if they decide upon variations of the product for their respective national groups.Creating an international design clinic would reflect the realities

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Pradeep K. Agrawal

later intheir first law school courses.These students have not forgotten how to write good sentences and paragraphs; confusion intheir texts is symptomatic of their imperfect grasp of the issues that their teachers want them to Page 2.253.7think and write about. When they resolve their large conceptual problems, these students’ textskills always reappear.The process described above reflects the students’ learning curve. Students write well when theyhave advanced relatively far on the learning curve - when they understand how to do criticalthinking. So in order for us to teach good writing we must focus on critical thinking. If we dothe

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Daniel Davis

Page 2.130.6 Session 2606Today, while the design process only exists in the memory of those involved, the building standsas a sleek, refined, low-profile structure. It has proven to be a building of low-maintenance, yetkeeps its identity amongst the corporate neighbors of IBM and PepsiCo. As a free-flowing pieceof architectural sculpture, the form may appear arbitrary, but it directly responds to a complex setof site constraints including property lines, set backs, topography and retention basins.The composition of off-white aluminum panels and tinted glass that reflect the surroundinglandscape and sky above is only one of the many schemes studied