Conference Session

FPD XI: Tidbits and Cookies

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jesse J. French, LeTourneau University; Paul R. Leiffer, LeTourneau University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

process, with a one-semester design project 5. Introduction to engineering problem solving with an introduction to principles from circuits, statics, and thermodynamics (Eide et.al. 4) 6. Introduction to engineering thinking and engineering skills (Stephan et. al.-Thinking Like an Engineer 5 )Our goal became to combine the best of each approach while focusing throughout the course onthe question, “What do engineers actually do?” Previous studies by Trevelyan and others haveserved to define what an engineer does in the course of executing their professional duties6. Acomposite list of tasks that engineers tackle became central to the goal of introducing as many“real engineering tasks” as possible into the course. These tasks were

Conference Session

Technological Literacy and Technological Policy

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zachary Foltz, Iowa State University; Amanpreet Kaur, Iowa State University; William Henry Tushaus, Iowa State University; Christopher Sears Mikelson, Iowa State University; Brian Vincent Skalak; Mani Mina, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

” bill to congress as well as administers many of the environmental and energy laws. Organizations, special interests groups, and even entire industries are spending a large amount of money on lobbyists in order to influence politicians to support particular legislation. The nuclear industry, which spent some $71,405,955 lobbying Capitol Hill in 2004, would get $7.37 billion in tax breaks and projects, including federal funds to construct a $1 billion nuclear plant in Idaho. After a bill is passed, the EPA is then authorized to implement the law by creating regulations that apply to individual, business, state or local government. A study by the nonpartisan General Accounting Office last year found that Vice President Dick Vice President

Conference Session

Technological Literacy and Technological Policy

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Boz Bowles, Louisiana State University; Paige Davis, Louisiana State University; Warren N. Waggenspack Jr., Louisiana State University; Barbara A. Heifferon, Louisiana State University

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

lectures providedstudents the opportunity to learn about current research and projects being conducted inGermany. In addition, the tours included hands-on learning, where students not only receiveddemonstrations of machinery and robots, but also were allowed to test some of the equipment inthe laboratories. The demonstrations enriched learning for the engineering students because theywere not only able to hear and see technology, but they were able to experience it, too. All toooften, students recognize technology, but don’t quite understand and appreciate it. The E3program took students out of the classroom and into the environment where technology is beingused, researched and developed. This created an environment rich for learning and

Conference Session

Ethics and Technology

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sylvia W. Thomas, University of South Florida

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

development of novel materials for biomedical/biological applications and energy integration. Projects in her laboratory include thin film and nanofiber material growth and characterization for biocompatible RF and energy harvesting devices; nanolaminated materials for thermal energy storage; and nanofiber filters, sensors, and channels. Currently, she is advising four undergraduates, two M.S. students, and five Ph.D. students. Her expertise/laboratory capabilities include chemical vapor deposition (CVD); atomic layer deposition (ALD); electrospinning; material/film characterization: AFM, XRD, SEM, TEM, C-V measurements, and FTIR; and device fabrication: sensors, capacitors, inductors, filters, and detectors, working at

Conference Session

Capstone and International Experiences

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bobby G. Crawford, U.S. Military Academy; Stephanie Farrell, Rowan University; Elizabeth Bristow P.E., U.S. Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

reinvigorate the country’s university system. Part of that effort has been theestablishment of the National Military Academy of Afghanistan (NMAA); a four-year, bachelor degreegranting institution modeled after the military academies of the United States. Two of the primarydegrees offered by NMAA are in Civil and General Engineering. In the summer of 2009, facultymembers from the United States Military Academy (USMA) traveled to NMAA to serve as mentors for thebudding Academy.This same principle applies beyond Afghanistan. There is a continuing need for engineering expertiseand education in Nicaragua, India and elsewhere. Engineering faculty and students today can expect towork on projects far beyond the borders of their home countries, in settings

Conference Session

Track 3 - Session 2 - Faculty Development

Collection

2012 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Prasad Edamana, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT M), India; Ajit Kumar Kolar, Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Pramod S. Mehta, Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Sujatha Srinivasan, Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Jefferey E. Froyd, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

Track 3 - Faculty Development

enthusiastic participant in the activities of the Teaching-Learning Centre at IIT-M.Dr. Jefferey E. Froyd, Texas A&M University Jeffrey E. Froyd is a TEES Research Professor and the Director of Faculty Climate and Development at Texas A&M University. He served as Project Director for the Foundation Coalition, an NSF Engineering Education Coalition in which six institutions systematically renewed, assessed, and institutionalized their undergraduate engineering curricula, and extensively shared their results with the engineering education community. He co-created the Integrated, First-Year Curriculum in Science, Engineering and Mathe- matics at Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, which was recognized in 1997 with a

Conference Session

Track 3 - Session 2 - Faculty Development

Collection

2012 ASEE International Forum

Authors

Kang SoYeon, Yonsei University

Tagged Topics

Track 3 - Faculty Development

. However, after Brain Korea 21 Project (1999~2005), at themany research based institutions, the focus of evaluation has become to move fromundergraduate education to research. Most professors in Korean engineering colleges have beenmainly concerned about research productivity, while showing indifference to the quality ofteaching because they were largely evaluated on publications in SCI-rated research journals inorder to be successful in tenure or promotion. If a professor's research performance is competent,students’ poor rating won't be an issue. The faculty evaluation of teaching has not beenconsidered as important as research. Moreover, it used only rating scale of number of lecture andstudents’ course evaluations using quantitative assessment

Collection

2012 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Todd Holden; Vazgen Shekoyan; Sunil Dehipawala; George Tremberger Jr; David Lieberman; Tak Cheung

. Copyright ASEE Middle Atlantic Regional Conference Delaware April 20-21 2012ConclusionsThis explorative project shows that structural equation model is capable of providingquantitative information on the causative hypotheses/elements such as pre-requisites in asequence of courses. The LISREL software is fairly easy to implement and it is hopedthat the presented results would popularize the application of SEM in engineering andtechnology program pedagogy.AcknowledgementsPartial supports from several CUNY grants are gratefully acknowledged.References1. Bollen KA, Noble MD 2011, “Structural equation models and the quantification ofbehavior”, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 13;1082. LISREL softwarehttp://www.ssicentral.com/3. Taasoobshirazi, G. and

Collection

2012 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

Todd Holden; Vazgen Shekoyan; Sunil Dehipawala; George Tremberger; David Lieberman; Tak Cheung

. Copyright ASEE Middle Atlantic Regional Conference Delaware April 20-21 2012ConclusionsThis explorative project shows that structural equation model is capable of providingquantitative information on the causative hypotheses/elements such as pre-requisites in asequence of courses. The LISREL software is fairly easy to implement and it is hopedthat the presented results would popularize the application of SEM in engineering andtechnology program pedagogy.AcknowledgementsPartial supports from several CUNY grants are gratefully acknowledged.References1. Bollen KA, Noble MD 2011, “Structural equation models and the quantification ofbehavior”, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 13;1082. LISREL softwarehttp://www.ssicentral.com/3. Taasoobshirazi, G. and

Collection

2012 EDI

Authors

Andrew Reynolds

-2012 cohort; 13 new Fellows just selected for 2012-2013 cohort• Jeffersons are science and engineering “ambassadors” on campus Strategic Planning and Horizon Scanning S&T, Engineering Are Seminal in Foreign PolicyUSCNS – “The Roadmap for National Security – Imperatives for Change” (1996-8)NRC Report “The Pervasive Role of S&T and Health in Foreign Policy” (1999)NDU “The Global Century – Globalization and National Security” (2000)NIC “Global Trends 2015” and “Mapping the Global Future 2020” (2003, 2006)RAND “Global Technology Revolution 2020” (2006)NRC Report “The Fundamental Role of S&T in International Development” (2006) State Department “Project Horizon” at the Year 2025 (2006) NIC Global Trends

Conference Session

Factors Impacting Engineering Career Choices, Including Engaging Families

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Boynton P.E., Virginia Tech; Marie C Paretti, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

AC 2012-3769: ENGINEERING AS A CAREER CHOICE AMONG RU-RAL APPALACHIAN STUDENTSMr. Matthew Boynton P.E., Virginia Tech Matthew Boynton is a doctoral student in the Engineering Education Department at Virginia Tech. Before entering Virginia Tech, he earned a B.S. and M.S. in civil and environmental engineering, and an Ed.S in instructional leadership from Tennessee Technological University. His engineering work experience includes work within a rural telecommunications service provider and an environmental consulting firm. While working toward his M.S. and Ed.S, Boynton worked with the Extended Education Department at Tennessee Technological University teaching Project Lead the Way engineering courses in rural high

Conference Session

Attracting Young Minds: Part I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aileen M. Walter, National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering, NACME, Inc.; Saundra Johnson Austin, National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering, NACME, Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

theretention-graduation rates of URM students in engineering, as well as the cultivation of middleand high school, community college students’ success in STEM.Topics that will be addressed include:–Developing innovative partnerships to increase the capacity and capability of academicinstitutions to recruit, admit, retain, educate and graduate underrepresented minority students inengineering–Establishing regional pilot projects across the United States–Measuring the impact of XXX’s STEM Integration Model Page 25.606.2
BackgroundThis is a critical time for our nation. While the United States has led the world in globalinnovation, economic competitiveness

Conference Session

Instrumentation in Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Akram Hossain, Purdue University, Calumet (Tech); Mohammad A. Zahraee, Purdue University, Calumet; Hamza Kadir, Purdue University Calumet (College of Technology)

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

served as chair of manufacturing Systems Development Applications Department of IEEE/IAS. He authored more than 25 refereed journal and conference publications. In 2009, he as PI received NSF-CCLI grant entitled A Mechatronics Curriculum and Packaging Automation Laboratory Facility. In 2010, he as Co-PI received NSF-ATE grant entitled Meeting Workforce Needs for Mechatron- ics Technicians. From 2003 through 2006, he was involved with Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill., in developing direct computer control for hydrogen powered automotives. He is also involved in several direct computer control and wireless process control related research projects. His interests are in the area of industrial transducer

Conference Session

Graduate Education and Undergraduate Research-related Issues

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher M Greene, Rochester Institute of Technology (CAST)

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

with robotics, college,STEM majors, and being an underrepresented student. The goal of this program was to getunderrepresented student interested in going to college and majoring in a STEM discipline.Project Lead The WayOver the summer there was a two part program, Project Lead The Way (or PLTW) , that bringsteachers into the institute to learn different teaching methods and styles in attempt to get them toincorporate the knowledge gained in their lesson plans. PLTW is a STEM education innovatorin middle and high schools across the country. One set of teachers come in one day and anotherset visit another day2. One of the highlights of the program is that it allows faculty todemonstrate different teaching methodologies and it also allows

Conference Session

Curricular Innovations in College-Industry Partnerships

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen T. Marosi, Bucknell University; Barbra Steinhurst, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

courses.Integral to this process is an exceptionally active and motivated Advisory Committee made up ofalumni from a variety of engineering disciplines and graduation years. These industry partnerswork not only to help raise funds to endow the program but also meet regularly with the studentsto mentor and inspire. The students and alumni share multiple meals a year together on campusand the students have been invited to visit partner offices and project sites. In exchange for thestudents’ participation in the ESA activities, the industry partners will facilitate internship andprofessional development activities in the third and fourth years of the students’ engineeringprogram. When the students in the ESA program graduate, the Advisory Committee

Conference Session

Focus on Elementary

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kelly L. Lundstrom, Colorado School of Mines; Barbara M. Moskal, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Page 25.924.2been the most difficult positions to fill for more than two sequential years (2008 and 2009), andyet careers in engineering are projected to grow by 11% over the 2008-2018 decade3,10. In orderto fill engineering careers with competent individuals from the U.S., there is a need to improvethe educational system at the elementary, middle, and high school levels, and there is a need toinclude engineering as an area that is addressed in our educational system.The idea that engineering and technology should be taught in pre-college schools is somewhatnew. According to recent research, most science, technology, engineering, and mathematics(STEM) programs in the United States focus solely on mathematics and science, and leaveengineering

Conference Session

Technological Literacy and the Non-science College Student

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Krupczak, Hope College; Mani Mina, Iowa State University; Robert J. Gustafson, Ohio State University; James F. Young P.E., Rice University; Scott VanderStoep, Hope College

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

, or advertisedto indicate its potential appeal or value to non-engineering majors?" Would someone in yourmajor be attracted to a minor? What types of majors would be attracted to this? What are someof the potential benefits to a student who chooses a minor? Can you see any drawbacks to aminor from engineering? Would the minor be more attractive if one of the electives could besatisfied by a practical experience such as a summer internship with an engineering company, Page 25.939.10working on an Engineers Without Borders project, or working on a senior design team withengineering students? 9It was

Conference Session

Developing Young Minds in Engineering: Part I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katherine S. Zerda, University of Houston; Stuart A. Long, University of Houston; Fritz J. Claydon, University of Houston

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

success. Thecurriculum components integrate project-based learning and team-based design challenges withstudy skills development, time management strategies, and personal and professional skillsenhancement. Those will be discussed in another paper that focuses on First Year programs. Forthe remainder of this paper we will present another cornerstone of our college’s programs tosupport student success.Far too often, students who enter college aspiring to careers in engineering progress successfullythrough their freshman courses but do not survive the rigorous sophomore courses. Some of thesophomore engineering courses (e.g. Thermodynamics, Mechanics I, Chemical Processes,Applied Electromagnetics and Circuit Analysis) have pass rates in the range

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathleen Alfano, College of the Canyons

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

,  Ph.D.,  K.  (October  26  -­‐  28,  2011).  Group  Discussion  Leader  with  Ellen  Kabat-­‐Lensch.  What  Are  the  Secrets  of  Success  for  Energy  Projects?  ATE  National  Principal  Investigators  Conference.  Washington,  D.C.    WORKSHOPS  Robertson,  S.  (April  14,  2011).  KidWind  Regional  Competition  –  8  Teams  Participated.  Cuesta  College,  San  Luis  Obispo,  CA.    Alfano,  Ph.D.,  K.  (April  14  -­‐  16,  2011).  U.S.  Department  of  Education's  Community  College   Page 25.984.7Regional  Summit.  San  Diego  City  College,  San  Diego,  CA

Conference Session

Instructional Innovations and Global Issues in Architectural Engineering Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert J. Dermody A.I.A., Roger Williams University

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

and axial stress. While studying thesedesigners, who worked during the rise of the modern movement in architecture, engineeringstudents will also be exposed to cultural and social issues affecting the design of large scale civilworks projects. This was also a time in which graphic statics was commonly used to find goodforms for structures and to determine member forces. The Swiss engineer, Robert Maillart,epitomized this way of working. (Figure 8)Figure 8. Robert Maillart, Figure 9. Isambard Kingdom Figure 10. Gustave Eiffel,1872-1940 Brunel, 1806-1859 1832-1923Engineering PersonalitiesThe pioneering designers of historic structures, as well as many others, are also

Conference Session

Integration of Research and Education in ECE

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yuen-Yan Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong; Wai Yin Ng, Chinese University of Hong Kong

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

AC 2012-5411: COLLABORATIVE INQUIRY INTO FOUNDATION KNOWL-EDGE IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING: A CASE STUDY IN HONG KONGDr. Yuen-Yan Chan, Chinese University of Hong Kong Yuen-Yan Chan is with the Department of Information Engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. She possesses a dual background in educational psychology and engineering. She is responsible for teaching a first-year refreshment course and is keen at implementing and evaluating novel pedagogies in her teaching. Chan is the principle investigator and key member of several inter-regional student learning projects. She founded the IEEE Education Society Hong Kong Chapter and is the current Chair. She is also the first NAE CASEE New Faculty

Conference Session

ETD Design I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Austin B. Asgill, Southern Polytechnic State University; Jeffrey L. Ray, Southern Polytechnic State University; Thomas Reid Ball, Southern Polytechnic College of Engr and Engr Tech

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

. Ray, Southern Polytechnic State University Jeffrey L. Ray, Ph.D., is Dean of the School of Engineering Technology and Management at Southern Polytechnic State University (SPSU) in Marietta, Ga. Prior to joining SPSU, he was the Director of the School of Engineering at Grand Valley State University. Ray’s attraction to engineering technology is the applied, project-based nature of the discipline and the needs of employers who need engineers to hit the ground running in their organizations. He holds both B.S. and M.S. degrees in mechanical engineering from Tennessee Technological University and a Ph.D. from Vanderbilt University. Ray has been a member of ASEE since 1994, active in many activities including publishing

Conference Session

Capstone Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raghu Echempati, Kettering University; Vipul Laddha, Kettering University; Sualp Ozel P.E., Autodesk, Inc.; James Herzing

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

one end of a freightcar or a commuter car used in railway industry. Usually, they consists of several pieces ofsteel tubes and other steel members welded together to form a rigid frame structure. Froma safety perspective, the car-truck stands are to be designed carefully, but at the sametime due to their possible large volume of production, this structure needs to be optimizedfrom strength and cost perspectives besides other parameters such as long life, etc. Thepurpose of this paper is to conduct virtual experiments for the optimal design of adifferent car-truck stand structures using Autodesk Simulation program as a CAE tool.The idea is to include this work as a part of final project in a traditional finite elementanalysis (FEA) course

Conference Session

Construction Curriculum Development

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yilmaz Hatipkarasulu, University of Texas, San Antonio; Suat Gunhan, University of Texas, San Antonio; Pardis Pishdad-Bozorgi, University of Texas, San Antonio; Jude W.P. Patin, University of Texas, San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Construction

  proposal presentation skills,     (4) ability to demonstrate comprehensive  Page 25.448.6 written/oral proposal presentation skills.   Review of each category is accomplished through the assessment of student work from selectedcourses (multiple courses for some categories) and includes assessment of homeworkassignments, class projects

Conference Session

Computers and Simulation

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xiaobo Peng, Prairie View A&M University; Blesson Isaac, Prairie View A&M University; Richard T. Wilkins, Prairie View A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

nanotechnology has nowbrought urgent challenges to undergraduate engineering education: How to integrate theemerging nanotechnologies into classroom teaching? How to prepare our students fortomorrow’s highly competitive global job markets? And how to maintain the US’s leadershipand dominance in science and technology in an era of globalization?Funded by Department of Education, a project is carried out to integrate nanotechnology into theundergraduate science and engineering curricula through a sequential preparation approach fromintroductory freshman to the advanced senior level. The curricula are reinforced by innovativecomputer simulations and state-of-the-art nanomaterials laboratory experiments anddemonstrations. The work presented in this paper is

Conference Session

Research on Engineering Design Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicholas D. Fila, Purdue University; Senay Purzer, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

study were 73 first-year engineering students (65 male, 8 female)enrolled in a single section of a first-year engineering course at a large Midwestern university. Inthe course, taught during the spring 2011 semester, students were introduced to engineeringprofessions, engineering design, problem-solving, teamwork, and other engineeringfundamentals. The students were grouped into 19 teams of three or four, within which they hadworked on course projects and in-class activities for approximately three months. Thoughinnovation was only a secondary learning objective of the course, students were introduced toinnovative designs throughout the semester and presented with a definition of innovationcontaining elements of technical feasibility, economic

Conference Session

Integrating Research

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen M. Bursic, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy, Engineering Management, Industrial Engineering, Systems Engineering

computing in the freshman engineering program. Bursic has done research and published work in the areas of engineering and project management and en- gineering education. She is a member of IIE and ASEE and is a registered Professional Engineer in the state of Pennsylvania. Page 25.479.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Does the Use of Clickers Increase Conceptual Understanding in the Engineering Economy Classroom?AbstractResponse devices or “clickers” are seeing increased use in many engineering classrooms. Thesedevices allow students to anonymously

Conference Session

Capstone Design I

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Walter W. Schilling Jr., Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Engineering Design in an Exam EnvironmentAbstractOne of the most difficult aspects of engineering is the effective teaching of engineering design.While it is paramount that every engineering student be exposed to engineering design, it can bedifficult to assess the design skills of individual students. Most design assessment is typicallyconducted at the project or team level, and many assessments of design effectiveness only usethe capstone experience. This is clearly inadequate. Instead, what is needed is an effectivemethod that can be used to partially assess the design capabilities of individual students in anexam setting.This article will discuss an approach to assessing design skills in the exam environment

Conference Session

Approaches to Teaching Ethics

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yilmaz Hatipkarasulu, University of Texas, San Antonio; Suat Gunhan, University of Texas, San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

thatstudents can easily relate to. The example is built on a very simple question of whether thestudent would accept a job offer from a company under certain conditions.IntroductionEthics, social responsibility, and trust are critical issues for all professions in the builtenvironment including design, architecture, engineering and construction. Stakeholders ofbuilding construction projects recognize the importance of these issues through the creation ofthe codes of ethics and professional conduct. These codes are generally defined and enforcedthrough licensing organizations, professional societies or within individual companies or firms.For the built environment professions, the American Institute of Architect’s Code of Ethics andProfessional Conduct

Conference Session

Assessment in Graphics Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Burke, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

experienceexclusively in solid geometric modeling. Through the paradigm of Project Based Learning, ascaffolded approach encouraging student exploration and experimentation was employedacross the study. Page 25.26.2 Figure 1 - Parametric surface modeling Figure 2 - Freeform Polygonal modelingThe choice of software for each task was based on marketing material analysed from a rangeof software and claims on what they are designed to do, in addition to the researcher’sexperience having had success with both for similar design tasks. The parametric surfacemodeling program chosen for the study was SolidWorks 2011. For the