Conference Session

Student Learning and Assessment II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amir Karimi, University of Texas, San Antonio; Randall D. Manteufel, University of Texas, San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

2200 K). Discuss the results. Also compare the results for the thermal efficiency with that obtained from equation (9.8) of the textbook17and discuss the differences.In addition to the external problems, six pop quizzes, five midterm exams and a comprehensivefinal exam were given during the semester. Two group design projects and one individual openended project were also assigned.Table 3 shows the grade distribution for Thermodynamics-II taught by the same instructor. Inspring 2008 and spring 2009 textbook problems were used for all home work assignments. Inspring 2008 a limited number of students were using solution manual or similar resources incompleting their homework assignments, because a new edition of the textbook was adopted

Conference Session

Innovative Program and Curricular Development

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Frances Ibes, Saint Catherine University; Yvonne Ng, St. Catherine University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

and the University of Minnesota as a mechanical and aerospace engineer, she worked in industry as an automation design engineer and contract programmer. She made computer sci- ence a more appealing topic for her all-women undergraduate student body by presenting this technically valuable course in a project-oriented comprehensive manner. She is currently the director of the Center of Excellence for Women, Science and Technology where she administers the college’s National Science Foundation scholarships for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) majors and fa- cilitates various recruiting, advising and placement activities for STEM majors and minors

Conference Session

Myths About Gender and Race

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carroll Suzanne Seron, University of California, Irvine; Erin A. Cech, University of California, San Diego; Susan S. Silbey, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Brian Rubineau, Cornell University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society, Minorities in Engineering, Women in Engineering

” and values of the profession.20 Through interaction with facultyand peers and experiences inside and outside the classroom, students engage in anticipatoryprofessional behavior as they begin to master professional competencies, gain comfort withuncertainty, identify with valued symbols, enact expected norms, espouse professional truismsand learn to project a confident, capable image to others.10,11,17,18,21Socialization includes, then, assimilating the profession‟s “myths,” or the symbols, norms, andtruisms of engineering. Building on the centrality of scientific method, engineering embodies acommitment to meritocracy: an anchoring point of engineering‟s “folk wisdom” is thatindividuals who work hard and have the appropriate skills in math

Conference Session

Emerging Information Technologies

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard G. Helps, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

Names “Constructivist” (T, G), “Studio teaching,” (D, G) “ActivePhilosophy for instructional learning” (G, J, S), “Coaching” (T) approachesStrategies Concept, Problem, “Basic IT concepts, principles” (S), “Fundamental [idea]” Interaction, Exercise, (A, D, G, J), “Assignment” (A, D, T, G, J, L, S), Lab (A, Instructional period, D, T, G, J, L, S), “Project” (A, T, G, J, L), “what is a challenge, Unit, Lesson better way to present this than I've done in the past?” (A), “this is one we will build together in class

Conference Session

Engineering Design in Pedagogy

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew D. Lammi, Utah State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education, K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

, realistic constraints,collaborative, and includes an artifact or artifact design. The high school program was chosenthrough chain sampling41. Chain sampling for this research involved asking those “in the know”(teacher educators, graduate students as practitioners, the state office of education) torecommend high school programs. The school was chosen from the Mountain West Region. The High School had predominantly White students. The school has a certified pre-engineering program using Project Lead the Way curriculum. There are six courses offered thatbecome available to the students starting their sophomore year: Introduction to Engineering,Digital Electronics, Civil and Architectural Engineering, Computer Integration andManufacturing

Conference Session

Teaching Mechanics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shawn P Gross, Villanova University; David W Dinehart, Villanova University; Joseph Robert Yost, Villanova University; Aleksandra Radlinska, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

., and Hampton, F.P. (2009), “A Methodology for Undergraduate Curriculum Modification,” Proceedings of the 2009 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Austin, TX.4. Mills, J.E. and Treagus, D.F. (2003) “Engineering Education, Is Problem-Based or Project-Based Learning the Answer?” Australian Journal of Engineering Education.5. Perrenet, J., Bouhuijs, P., and Smits, J. (2000) “The Suitability of Problem-Based Learning for Engineering Education: Theory and Practice,” Teaching in Higher Education, Vol. 5. No. 3.6. Mays, T., Bower, K., Settle, K., and Mitchell, B. (2007) “Using Concept-Oriented Example Problems to Improve Student Performacne in a Traditional Dynamics Course,” Proceedings of the 2007 ASEE Annual

Conference Session

Learning From Experts

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alejandra J. Magana, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Ruth A. Streveler, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Natalie Barrett, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

they need to understand how their research [is] contributing to the overall project. …They may have to take some time to learn what the other person is doing, so they can figure out how to integrate their part of the project [into the research].Bailey: I don't see anything really different about the concepts [in nanoscience and technology]. I think [they are] still the same fundamental concepts. …[But] because of these collaborations involving multiple people, that we can make certain molecules and … devices.Models and simulation are also an important part for understanding complex systems andin particular phenomena at the nanoscale. Here, Kingston described the importance ofcomputation not

Conference Session

Certifying Teachers in Engineering or Integrated STEM

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen O'Brien, College of New Jersey

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

. Page 22.1045.5 • Multimedia Design*: This course is focused on 2-dimensional layout and learning a variety of software skills. This course contains minimal math content. • Architectural & Civil Engineering Design+: This course covers a wide variety of topics. One of the topics covered, for ~1.5 days, is the statistics of human factors and its usefulness in design. • Prototyping Laboratory: This course requires students to complete the design and prototyping of a variety of projects utilizing a variety of 3-dimensinal fabrication tools. The strong design component contains a substantial measurement and calculation component due to numerous and subtle calibrations and corrections that are

Conference Session

Computers in Education Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Neelam Soundarajan, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

graduates is widely recognized. Many undergraduate engineering programs, aswell as K-12 programs, have introduced a number of activities throughout the curriculum, rangingfrom a variety of team projects to the requirement of maintenance of portfolios of a student’s workas he/she goes through the program, to develop both sets of skills.At the same time, there has been a heated debate between some researchers who have developedthese approaches on the one hand and others who have focused on knowledge-centered approacheson the other hand about the relative merits of these two sets of approaches. What has been miss-ing is a suitable way to integrate knowledge-centered considerations and collaborative/reflection-centered considerations, with the focus

Conference Session

Research on Engineering Design Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shanna R. Daly, University of Michigan; James Loren Christian, University of Michigan; Seda Yilmaz, Iowa State University; Colleen M. Seifert, University of Michigan; Richard Gonzalez, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

challenging and complex6. As a result, this skilldevelopment is often left to the students by providing opportunities in courses (e.g., an open-ended project) rather than providing explicit instruction on creative processes or approaches7,8.While adequate time to practice and learn by experience is necessary, more explicit instructionon creative processes could help students develop stronger innovative design strategies.One solution for these challenges is to provide students with a guide for concept generation.Many suggested procedures and tools exist9; however, many of them lack rigorous empiricalresearch in their development and validation. The present study employed strategies in the

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Courses and Outcomes II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica R. McCormick, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Beverly Radloff, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Nancy Lamm, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Terri L. Talbert-Hatch, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

. International Experience i. Short term (summer, one month or less) ii. Semester iii. Year c. Service Learning Project d. Experiential Learning (internships) i. Number completed ii. List companies worked for: 13. What traits do you think employers were looking for in potential candidates during your job search? (mark all that apply) a. Apply basic engineering principles b. Solve engineering problems c. Consider several points of view and arrive at a conclusion d. Plan, organize, and complete a task e. Design and conduct an experiment f. Continuously learn new skills and

Conference Session

FPD VI: Presenting "All the Best" of the First-Year Programs Division

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shelley Lorimer, Grant MacEwan University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

to measure its success, but the feedback provided through this group has provided many Page 22.1457.18 suggestions for educational activities and improvements to the program. This activity is perceived to be extremely useful and successful.• Participation in external projects/competition – Several groups have participated in bridge building contests at the U of A and other external projects. It has been very difficult to measure the success of this activity. The student feedback on this type of activity is very positive. However, the students devote a tremendous amount of time to these activities and it is

Conference Session

FPD VIII: Crossing Bridges and Easing Transitions into the First Year

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janet Callahan, Boise State University; Judith A. Garzolini, Boise State University; Gary LeRoy Hunt, Boise State University; Joe Guarino, Boise State University; Doug Bullock, Boise State University; Susan Shadle, Boise State University; Cheryl B. Schrader, Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) retention efforts at Boise State. She functions on campus as both the project coordinator for a $1 million grant from the Na- tional Science Foundation and the Idaho Science Talent Expansion Program (STEP), and as the first ever campus coordinator for STEM retention. Garzolini has a long term professional interest in increasing the participation and success of students in STEM fields. Throughout her career, she has provided extensive professional leadership and service to the Society of Women Engineers at the national level, and in 2007 was national society president. Garzolini has a bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Wayne State University and an MBA from UC

Conference Session

Teaching Circuit Theory and Electronics

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Braun, California Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

highlighted sustainability areas. Ecology 1. Which natural resources and ecosystem services does the experiment use directly and indirectly? 2. Which natural resources and ecosystem services does the experiment improve or harm? 3. What ecological impacts result? Where? How much? 4. How does the project impact other species? Energy 1. How much energy does the experiment use? 2. From which sources? 3. Are the energy sources renewable, efficient, or polluting? 4. What impacts result? 5. Are all material and energy inputs and outputs as inherently safe and benign as possible? Economy 1. What economic impacts result? Consider: • Human Capital – What people do

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Jackson, VCU Haptics Lab; Dianne T.V. Pawluk, Virginia Commonwealth University; Curtis R. Taylor, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

. (2002) and Ph.D. (2005) in electrical engineering and physics from the University of Arkansas. Before coming to Arkansas in 2000, he worked for one year as a software development project manager at Capital One Financial Corporation in Richmond, Vir- ginia. Dr. Taylor has also held internship and research appointments with the U.S. Air Force, Central Intelligence Agency, United Technologies Corporation, and the National Center for Electron Microscopy at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. Research interests include nanomanufacturing for the production of novel nanoelectronic and quantum devices, nanomechanical characterization of materials for development and improved reliability of nanodevices

Conference Session

Engineering Education Research in K-12

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brenda M. Capobianco, Purdue University; Heidi A. Diefes-Dux, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Irene B. Mena, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods, K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

their instructional ideas for integrating the engineering designprocess in diverse ways, giving priority to different pedagogical or conceptual features (e.g.,subject matter, academic standards, and processes).ParticipantsThis study is part of a larger, multi-year project that examines elementary school students‟perceptions, aspirations, and identity development in engineering. The study population withinthe larger project includes 10 elementary school (defined as grades 1-5) teachers selected from apopulation of approximately 75 elementary school teachers in a large metropolitan school districtin the central Midwest. Mayflower Elementary School is one of the four elementary schools inthe metropolitan area. The demographic profile of the

Conference Session

FPD IV: Improving Student Success: Mentoring, Intervening, and Supplementing

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dianne Raubenheimer, North Carolina State University; Jerome P. Lavelle, North Carolina State University; Monica Terrell Leach, North Carolina State University; Steven L. White, North Carolina State University ; Philip Albert Moses, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Engineering embarked on an exciting project. The goal was todevelop and pilot test a second-semester intervention course for students whose first semestergrades placed them on academic warning status at the university. Previously, no such courseexisted.The literature on student retention is very rich, and research shows that the issue involves acomplex1 and convergent2 set of factors. Retention at colleges and universities is important forschools as well as society3. Indeed, it is more cost effective to retain current students than torecruit new ones4. The retention of students continues to be a concern for college administratorsin higher education institutions. Some of the literature on retention suggests that it is critical forretention programs to

Conference Session

Thinking Outside the Box! Innovative Curriculum Exchange for K12 Engineering

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Micah Stickel, University of Toronto; Bruno Korst, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

AC 2011-2171: ENGINEERING WITH ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM:A GUIDED-INQUIRY EXERCISE FOR HIGH-SCHOOL STUDENTS TOENHANCE UNDERSTANDING OF FARADAY’S AND LENZ’S LAWSMicah Stickel, University of Toronto Micah Stickel is a lecturer in Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at the University of Toronto. He first came to the department when he started as an undergraduate student in 1993. Since that time, he has completed the B.A.Sc. (1997), M.A.Sc. (1999), and Ph.D. degrees (2006). He has been involved in a number of research projects, including the use of spiral antennas for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems, the design of high-fidelity directional couplers for digital circuits, and the application of

Conference Session

Innovations in Computing Education

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas J. Hacker, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

environment, withinteraction controller through an embedded VNC window. The NEES project also uses IaaS inthe form of VMware virtual machines that provide a secure development sandbox for NEESsoftware engineering and users.In the context of developing virtual clusters, Infrastructure-as-a-Service is the most relevant typeof cloud computing. Generally, IaaS systems provide a higher level of management above theindividual system level for collections of physical systems and virtual machines running in afinite set of physical computer nodes. There are several types of IaaS cloud computing packagesavailable today that can be used to develop a virtual high performance computing cluster. As isthe case in virtualization technology, there are commercial and

Conference Session

WIED Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maria M. Larrondo-Petrie, Florida Atlantic University; Martha Elicia Beltran-Martinez, Organization of American States, Office of Science, Technology, and Innovation

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

barriers in the recruitment, retention and promotion of women faculty in STEM academics, and 3. Partnerships for Adaptation, Implementation, and Dissemination (PAID) – support the extensibility of materials, tools, research and practices that have been demonstrated as effective in increasing the participation and advancement of women in stem careers.WEPAN, the Women in Engineering ProActive Network, received an ADVANCE award from the NSF,called ENGAGE (Engaging Students in engineering through Instruction and Mentoring). This is thefirst year of this 3 year project, which will fund teams and minigrants from 10 universities each year.The grants will focus is training teams on best practices and disseminating them to their

Conference Session

Innovations in Teaching Physics or Engineering Physics I

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristi J. Shryock, Texas A&M University; Arun R. Srinivasa, Texas A&M University, Department of Mechanical Engineering; Jefferey E. Froyd, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics & Physics

subsequently obtained a Ph.D at UC Berkeley and has been a faculty in the mechanical Engineering Department at Texas A&M University. He is one of the curriculum coordinators for the freshman engi- neering program of the Dwight Look College of Engineering at Texas A&M University, and was also part of the committee that developed the current statics and dynamics class for the Department of Mechanical EngineeringJefferey E. Froyd, Texas A&M University Jeffrey E. Froyd is the Director of Faculty Climate and Development at Texas A&M University. He served as Project Director for the Foundation Coalition, an NSF Engineering Education Coalition in which six institutions systematically renewed, assessed, and

Conference Session

International Experience, Effective Instruction, and Student Exchange Programs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

International

practicalproblems and issues that practitioners usually face, into the classroom.(6) Pedagogical studieshave demonstrated that the case study/ case history approach to engineering education provides agreater understanding of the multifaceted nature of civil engineering.(7,8) They can be used to Page 22.312.2simulate a variety of learning protocols such as: design and analysis experiences,interdisciplinary issues and concerns, costs, hazards, owner preferences, and compliance withstandards and guidelines. Cases, by and large, describe situations, projects, problems, decisions,etc., and are primarily derived from actual experience, and do reflect thoughts

Conference Session

Mechanical and Architectural Engineering Laboratories

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rainer Bartz, Cologne University of Applied Sciences, Germany; Daniel Cox, University of North Florida

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

collected from the user, with first and last name being usually required Password while the salutation, the organization the user belongs to, and the purpose of Active his registration are RLAB specific. They allow to address the user properly, Admin RegisteredOn to identify the partner institution the user belongs to, and eventually to find Purpose out whether the user is using RLAB in a regular coursework, in some Salutation research project, or with some other purpose. The timestamp of registration Organization is kept, and some further information on the user can be stored at this entity OtherInfo

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Darrin S. Muggli, Benedictine College; Brian Tande, University of North Dakota

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

been arranged directly between UND and BC, so the cost istransparent to the student. The DEDP cost structure is such that its per-credit course charges arecomparable to those at BC. Thus the proposed model is financially attractive even for small,private colleges.Examinations and evaluationBecause a major concern in administering examinations to distance-education students isacademic honesty, usually some form of proctoring is instituted2. DEDP assigns proctors todistance-education students and the proposed project utilizes BC faculty in this role.Senior designFor almost two decades, UND has taught senior design via distance learning. Typically,distance-education students are assigned a faculty advisor, form design groups, conceive a designof

Conference Session

DEED Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Bryce Holloway, U.S. Air Force Academy; Daniel D. Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; Kristin L. Wood, University of Texas, Austin; Al Mundy, U.S. Air Force Academy; Bradley Adam Camburn, University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

formeasuring a system’s portability can be a critical asset when designing or redesigning a mobilesystem or when comparing two systems where mobility is important. Unfortunately, such arubric does not exist. The development and implementation of such a rubric is the focus of thisresearch. Note that this rubric could be used across a wide variety of student design projects and,as such, has wide applicability for enhancing engineering design projects. The portability rubricintroduced is designed to allow engineers to analyze systems being designed or systems thatalready exist. In either context, the rubric is used to quantify how portable a system is. The 18metrics that make up the rubric combine to cover the key components that constitute a

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen J. Krause, Arizona State University; Jacquelyn E. Kelly, Arizona State University; Dale R. Baker, Arizona State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

classes. He is currently conducting research with NSF sponsored projects in the areas of: Modules to Promote Conceptual Change in an Introductory Materials Course, Tracking Student Learning Trajectories of Atomic Structure and Macroscopic Property Relationships, and Assessing the Effect of Learning Modes on Conceptual Change.Jacquelyn E. Kelly, Arizona State University Jacquelyn Kelly is doctoral student in Science Education at Arizona State University. Her Master’s de- gree is in Materials Science and Engineering and her undergraduate degree is in Physics and Chemistry. Her principle research interests are situated in engineering education and include conceptual develop- ment, engineering academic language acquisition

Conference Session

WIED Olio

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Natalie C.T. Van Tyne P.E., Colorado School of Mines; Chester J. Van Tyne, Colorado School of Mines; Kathryne Van Tyne, University of Chicago

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

Schultz18 in organizing student teams for a semester-long engineering projectreveals a number of factors that affect team performance: abilities, attitudes, and personalities.For example, a team of high-performing, serious students tended to be individualistic and did notwork well together. Conversely, one highly successful team in Schultz’s course consisted ofaverage students who never argued and showed a strong willingness to work diligently on theproject. It seems that a balance of personalities, interest in the project, and attitudes towardworking as a team can result in positive team dynamics. Page 22.739.4Objectives of StudyThe present study

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Javier A. Kypuros, The University of Texas, Pan American; Horacio Vasquez, University of Texas, Pan American; Constantine Tarawneh, The University of Texas, Pan American; Robert D. Wrinkle, University of Texas, Pan American; Martin William Knecht, South Texas College

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

orientation of axes changes Page 22.762.8the sign of vector components, and (3) cords apply force in tension (not compression). Studentsfail to distinguish between the length of the vector and its projections along the primary axes.Moreover, they can be readily confused if the axes are not oriented with directionality similar toproblems they are accustomed to in the textbook (i.e. a right-handed Cartesian coordinatesystem). When mistakenly arriving at a solution that implies that the vector force along a cord isin compression, students sometimes fail to stop and assess whether that makes sense. Figure 6: (a) Experimental

Conference Session

Impact of the Gulf Coast Oil Spill on Chemical Engineering Education & Misc.

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tamara Floyd Smith, Tuskegee University; Nadar Vahdat, Tuskegee University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

the explosion. • An engineer with BP, team leader overseeing the project, ignored warnings about weaknesses in cement outside the well which could have prevented the gas from escaping. Page 22.764.105. Consequences • Environmental Damage - Oil Spills Damage Beaches, Marshlands and Fragile Marine Ecosystems • Oil Spills Kill Birds • Oil Spills Kill Marine Mammals • Oil Spills Kill Fish • Oil Spills Destroy Wildlife Habitat and Breeding Grounds • Health consequences6. Role of Government • The Interior Department exempted BP's drilling operation from a detailed environmental impact analysis last

Conference Session

Program Criteria, Assessment, and Sustainability in Civil Engineering

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Allen C. Estes, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

differentialequations, probability and statistics, calculus-based physics, and general chemistry; proficiency in a minimum offour (4) recognized major civil engineering areas; the ability to conduct laboratory experiments and to criticallyanalyze and interpret data in more than one of the recognized major civil engineering areas; the ability to performcivil engineering design by means of design experiences integrated throughout the professional component of thecurriculum; and an understanding of professional practice issues such as: procurement of work, bidding versusquality-based selection processes, how the design professionals and the construction professions interact to constructa project, the importance of professional licensure and continuing education