Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Experiences: Teaching in a Pandemic

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Iftekhar Ibne Basith, Sam Houston State University; Raisa Sara; ABM Rezbaul Islam, Sam Houston State University; Khalid M. Khan, Sam Houston State University; Rasheda Rasheda Sultana, Sam Huston State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

. C. Critical findings for PH Courses: The faculty of PH have learned a lot from their instructional experience in Fall 2020, whichhad eventually helped them modify the instructional plan for spring 2021. Our online coursesexperiences suggest that students get inspired and motivated by learning the subject mattersthrough instructional video clips developed and posted by the instructor, YouTube video clips, ordocumentaries. This is a key finding since many students will continue to rely on remote learningduring pandemics, natural disasters, or other socio-economic hardship in the Southwest. We planto develop more instructional videos with the voice of the instructor embedded. On the other hand,our findings regarding the blended format

Conference Session

Best in 5 Minutes: Demonstrating Interactive Teaching Activities

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Anthony Battistini, Angelo State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

rooms. To help teams know they are in the correct place, like The AmazingRace TV show, the author hangs miniature yellow and red flag markers on the room placardslisting the room number (also typical to most university buildings- see Figure 1). By lettingstudents know to look for this flag symbol, you can prevent them from knocking on a bunch ofpeople’s doors or disturbing other individuals you did not plan as part of the race. Figure 1: Flag Marker on Room PlacardThe answers to each problem results in one or more numbers. The author provides an answer boxfor these values with dashed lines for the students to enter the answers on, similar to a game of“Hangman” or “Wheel of Fortune”. Underneath some of the lines the

Conference Session

Faculty Development 2: COVID-19 Impact on Faculty

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Dani Fadda P.E., University of Texas at Dallas; Oziel Rios, University of Texas at Dallas; Roopa Vinay, University of Texas at Dallas

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division

,seating a large number of students physically in a traditional classroom is not considered safeduring the pandemic and teaching modalities that minimize spread of the virus are adopted. Whilea transition to virtual learning can eliminate the spread of the virus, such transition cannot be takenlightly by everyone. A report by Allen and Seaman [1] indicates that institutions with onlineofferings in 2014 to 2015 are just as positive about it as ever, but those who have no onlineofferings say that it will not be part of their plans for the future. Moreover, academic leaders atinstitutions with online offerings have consistently held a more favorable opinion of the learningoutcomes for online education than those at institutions with no offerings

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: First Year Programming (2)

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Catherine L. Cohan, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Pradip K. Bandyopadhyay, Pennsylvania State University, Berks; Ryan Scott Hassler, Penn State University, Berks; Mark William Johnson, Pennsylvania State University, Altoona; Michael Kagan, Pennsylvania State University, Abington; Ann Marie Schmiedekamp; Peter J. Shull, Pennsylvania State University, Altoona; Peter J. Butler, Pennsylvania State University; Tonya L. Peeples, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

(i.e., whether or not still at Penn State). Students were matched ongender, race, campus assignment, and SAT Math score (within 1 standard deviation).Results: Compared to a matched comparison sample, the Engineering Ahead students earnedstatistically higher grades in their first college math course by half a letter grade, were less likelyto drop their first math course, and earned a higher grade point average at the end of their firstyear of college.Conclusions: The significantly higher math course grades for the bridge students compared to thematched comparison students suggest that the bridge programming and cohort buildingbenefitted the students. We will continue to track Cohorts 1 to 3 as well as Cohort 4 (2019).Plans are underway to

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 11

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Thomas Neil Dempsey, Forestville Central School; M. Raymond Ng, Cathedral Preparatory School ; Zachary Rhodes; Jiawei Gong, Pennsylvania State University; Faisal Aqlan, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

) maximize efficiency of their solar cells using various fruitdyes; and (4) measure the voltage and current output of DSSCs in comparison with silicon solarcells. Data collected from implementing the developed curriculum in high school classrooms isdiscussed and plans of both formative and summative assessment are presented.1. IntroductionIn the late 1960s it was discovered that illuminated organic dyes can generate electricity at oxideelectrodes in electrochemical cells. In an effort to understand and simulate the primary processesin photosynthesis the phenomenon was studied at the University of California at Berkeley withchlorophyll extracted from spinach (bio-mimetic or bionic approach). On the basis of suchexperiments electric power generation

Conference Session

High-impact Learning Practices

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Hwangbo Bae, University of Florida; Madeline Polmear, University of Florida; Denise Rutledge Simmons P.E., University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

means to be a professional (n=12), 3) developing a career plan byreflecting on experience (n=11), and 4) learning from a role model (n=8). Students withdiverging style gathered information by working with other people and talking about variousfield experiences. They used these perspectives to build a better idea of the work environmentand the type of work they are going to be doing. For example, Kaitlyn shared a story about oneof her internship experiences and how she learned about work environment through interactionwith professionals stating, “there are things and opportunities for me to kind of get out in thefield and look at something to actually see it, to measure it, those kinds of stuff. But I guessknowing that comes from talking with

Conference Session

Design in K-12 Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Molly H Goldstein, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Corey T. Schimpf, Concord Consortium

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

, pp. 1-17.Appendix SOLAR URBAN DESIGNDesign SpecsThe Boston Redevelopment Authority has opened bids for redesigning a city block (100 m x 100 m) in thedowntown area. As the chief engineer of a startup company focusing on sustainable city planning,winning the bid is important to you. Your job is as follows:1. Design new construction buildings in the empty, leveled city block: ● At least two high-rise buildings: These are for residence and offices. They should be at least 60 meters tall but should not be taller than the highest existing building in the neighborhood. ● At least two low-rise buildings: These are for shops or services such as restaurants, book stores, or pharmacies. They should not

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 7

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Breigh Nonte Roszelle, University of Denver; Ronald R. DeLyser, University of Denver; Goncalo Martins, University of Denver; Christina Paguyo, University of Denver

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

experience included surveying thestudents about their feelings on diversity and engineering both before and after the activity, anin-class activity focused on design and diversity of teams, and a reflection and discussion periodabout the students’ experiences. A discussion of the successes and opportunities forimprovement within the activities is included, along with changes planned for the second trialduring the current academic year.MethodsFor the pilot run of the activities, the professors each developed an in-class project that tookplace during one class period. Each activity contained a technical aspect, a design aspect, and areflection period. Both projects chose a product to design that had an aspect which wasinfluenced by the background of

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mohamed ElZomor, Florida International University; Piyush Pradhananga; Arif Mohaimin Sadri, Florida International University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

students relate to each course's learning outcomes. Theinstructors must dedicate time to planning the logistics, aligning the syllabi, and homeworkprojects. Any overlap between courses reflects real life, so faculty must embrace how thoseoverlaps can be utilized to correlate Social Media homework for the benefit of the students. Amajor concern was that one student was registered for two of the courses at the same time, yetthe faculty decided to ask the student to conduct each course's deliverable separately.Integrating such innovative technological tools that are engaging to learners not only creates asense of appreciation and belonging but also provide real connections to the world. Minoritystudents who are less aware of issues in the U.S

Conference Session

Design Across the Curriculum 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Lilianny Virguez, University of Florida; Pamela L. Dickrell, University of Florida; Andrea Goncher, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

topredict career plans in engineering [4]. Thus, the objective of this paper is to explore howstudents describe the usefulness of a newly implemented introductory engineering design class asthey navigate their subsequent years in college.This paper seeks to answer the following research question:How useful do students perceive what they learned in an introductory engineering design coursefor their successive years in college or for what they want to do after graduation?We aim to answer this question by analyzing survey responses from students who have taken theclass since the first course implementation in the Summer 2018 semester.BackgroundIntroductory engineering courses are a common element in several engineering programs. Thereis growing

Conference Session

Best In DEED

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

David A. Copp, University of California, Irvine; Alejandra Hormaza Mejia, University of California, Irvine; Mark E. Walter, University of California, Irvine; Natascha Trellinger Buswell, University of California, Irvine

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

; such as when students feel comfortable raising new perspectives andchallenging tradition. Prior research recommends “strategic planning and intentionalimplementation” to increase diversity of engineering teams and the integration of such teams [7].For example, the authors of [1] strongly advise the instructors to form the teams and base theirdecisions on the characteristics of the individual students. Characteristics may include gender,experience level, students’ schedules [1], race/ethnicity, major, and ability. It may also bebeneficial for the instructors to assign and rotate team roles to prevent gender biases fromperpetuating students’ roles in teams and to facilitate inclusive teamwork [1]. Others suggestavoiding isolating minority

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

James A. Moore; Matthew Dailey; Zachary Wilhelm, University of Utah; Kerry Kelly, University of Utah; Pascal Goffin, University of Utah; Anthony Butterfield, University of Utah; Jason Wiese; Wei Xing, University of Utah; Katrina Myquyen Le, University of Utah; Thomas Becnel, University of Utah; Pierre-Emmanuel Gaillardon

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

Society for Engineering Education, 2020 Paper ID #29467 Thomas Becnel is working towards his Ph.D. in the Laboratory for NanoIntegrated Systems, led by Pierre- Emmanuel Gaillardon, in the department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. He received the electrical engineering degree from the University of Utah, and the M.Sc. degree in computer engineering from the University of Utah in 2018. His areas of research involve the design of large-scale sensor networks, low-noise capacitive CMOS sensors, and advanced low-power communication techniques. He plans to graduate with a Doctorate of

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 9

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jennifer L. Kouo, Towson University; Medha Dalal, Arizona State University; Bruk T. Berhane, Florida International University; Jumoke 'Kemi' Ladeji-Osias, Morgan State University; Kenneth Reid, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Cheryl Beauchamp, Regent University; Adam R. Carberry, Arizona State University; Stacy S. Klein-Gardner, Vanderbilt University

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

industry and teaching. Paramount to E4USA was the construction of PDexperiences that would prepare and support educators with varying degrees of engineeringinstructional training as they implemented the yearlong engineering course. One component ofthis was a weeklong, intensive E4USA PD. The PD involved focus groups, hands-onopportunities to explore, plan, and teach components of the E4USA Curriculum, and buildcollaborative relationships. The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of fourpilot E4USA educators during this PD. The sample of eductors includes novice and experiencedengineering educators. ‘Novice’ in this instance was defined as having less than a year ofexperience teaching engineering, while ‘veteran’ was defined as

Conference Session

Hybrid and Online Teaching of Mechanics

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Carlos R. Corleto, Texas A&M University; Matilda (Tillie) Wilson McVay, Texas A&M University; Doug Beck, Texas A&M University; Ashley Schmitt, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

performed in pre-requisite coursework (physics-mechanics andcalculus), length of time transpired between MEEN 221 and its pre-requisite courses, and whetheror not physics was transferred or taken at Texas A&M.Preliminary results of the implementation of a new class evaluation and in-class format started inthe fall 2019 indicate average the DFQ rate was approximately 4.5% higher than the overallaverage of the fall semesters, but it had the lowest standard deviation. However, some decreasesin DFQ rates for several majors were observed compared to previous fall semesters, which provideencouraging results that can eventually reduce DFQ rates in MEEN 221. Our plan is to continueusing the new in-class quiz format to better prepare students for exams

Conference Session

Embedded Systems and Cybersecurity in ECE

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Garry Ingles; Aaron Carpenter, Wentworth Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

. The student body primarily studiesengineering, applied sciences, and architecture and construction fields. Class sizes are typicallysmall, averaging around 20-25 students per class, with no teaching assistants. Students arerequired to take two co-ops, one each during their junior and senior years, with an optional co-opduring the sophomore year. Co-ops can be paid and off-campus with industry and academicpartners, or the students can do on-campus research and work with faculty/staff (paid orunpaid).The rest of the paper is as follows: Section 2 describes the project from a technical perspective;Section 3 describes the planned student and technical outcomes; Section 4 details the results ofthe project, with Section 5 providing lessons learned

Conference Session

ENT Division Technical Session: EM Across the Curriculum I

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Heidi Morano, Lawrence Technological University; Susan Henson, Lawrence Technological University; Matthew L. Cole, Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

M.S. in Clinical Behavioral Psychology from Eastern Michigan University. He conducts research on a Strengths, Opportunities, Aspirations, and Results (SOAR)-based approach to strategic thinking, teamwork, and coaching. He is also interested in the neuroscience of mindfulness and strategic thinking. Consulting con- tracts include state and international organizations to provide coaching and workshops on the application of diversity, SOAR-based strategy, and teamwork to strategic planning, and organization development and change. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2020A Mixed-Method Longitudinal Study of Entrepreneurial Mindset in an

Conference Session

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rachel Ibach, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Jennifer Keshwani, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Deepak R. Keshwani, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Sydney E. Everhart, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Leah Sandall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Biological and Agricultural Engineering

-Processing PipelineCultivate ACCESS participants interact with each other in a continuous and dynamic system wecall the ACCESS Community. The main circle of the ACCESS Community includes scholars,mentors, and ambassadors. These participants interact on a weekly basis to discuss topicsprovided to them by the Cultivate ACCESS leadership team and dive deep into their explorationof agSTEM careers and personal development. Outside of the main circle are parents andteachers. These participants do not engage as frequently with ambassadors and mentors butinteract frequently with scholars at home and during school hours. Cultivate ACCESS providessupport to these participants through resources focused on career and college planning. Parentsand teachers are

Conference Session

Student Approaches to Problem Solving

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Eric Burkholder, Stanford University; Carl E. Wieman

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

administering the assessment as an assignment early and latein the same course at University 1 to see if there are measurable pre/post differences in students’problem-solving. This will be used as a control group for studying an intervention designed toteach problem-solving. The intervention consists of a worksheet that students complete whenthey are doing a design exercise in the course. They are asked a number of questions that requirethem to plan out their approach for solving the problem, and then reflect on their solution oncethey have reached it. Salehi and Wieman have shown that this leads to improved problem-solving that may even transfer to different contexts [22].Another way to increase the reliability of the assessment is to make it shorter

Conference Session

Information Literacy in First-year Courses and Co-curricular Experiences

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Brianna B. Buljung, Colorado School of Mines; Leslie Light, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Libraries

performance” [3]. Planned repetition ofexperiences, information, testing, and material in a design course supports the learner as theyexpand their understanding of how best to solve the problem at hand.The literature contains significant discussion of the role of scaffolded assignments in engineeringand engineering design courses [4], [5], and [6]. As described by Tom Eppes et al., scaffoldingorganizes learning into progressively challenging modules in which assistance is graduallyremoved as students develop and practice new skills [7]. Each time students revisit a particularskill or concept, they become more confident in their ability to use it in their coursework. AtPurdue University, Lisa Bosman combined the concept of connected, scaffolded

Collection

2020 First-Year Engineering Experience

Authors

Joie Marhefka, Penn State New Kensington; Dalynn D Park, Penn State New Kensington; Laura E Cruz, Penn State

-efficacytheories of Anthony Bandura (and others) [29], this 24-item instrument has been validated andapplied to a variety of secondary and post-secondary contexts. At the beginning and end of thecourse, students indicated their level of confidence (using a 5-point Likert scale) in their abilitiesto perform tasks such as “make a plan of your goals for the next five years”. Because of thesmall sample size, caution is encouraged when evaluating statistical results, but a comparison ofthe pre- and post-test scores indicates a marked increase in students’ overall career self-efficacy,with six of the twenty-four scaled items registering significant differences from pre- to post(Figure 1). Variables in the figure correspond to the following items on the scale

Conference Session

CoNECD Session : Day 3 Slot 8 Technical Session 2

Collection

2021 CoNECD

Authors

Philippa Anne Martin, University of Canterbury; Eileen Frances Britt, University of Canterbury

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Submissions, Diversity

now planned near the end of the summer break.2.4 Pou Kaiāwhā MI coaches training workshopTo end the training program a 3-hour bespoke workshop was run using key experts and serviceproviders from across the campus. It was designed to ensure participants would know who to referstudents to for follow up support and also how to better understand the perspectives and lenses ofdifferent student groups. In addition, there was a crucial panel session on how to handle the storieswe hear from students who are often distressed and handling multiple complex issues.The workshop program was as follows: 1. Introduction: The intent of the Pou Kaiāwhā MI coaches program and their roles as MI coaches. 2. Cultural context: Information on cultural

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Steven M. Beyer, United States Air Force Academy; Brian James Neff, United States Air Force Academy

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

to build the motor control and power distribution board for therobot. Lastly, the students learn how to program using an Arduino Uno and peripheral devicessuch as light-emitting diodes, switches, sonar sensors, and photoresistors. These skills areapplied when programming the Arduino controller on the robot.Block 2: Robotics Design and Implementation The second block is designed to reflect a large-scale engineering project and uses anincremental approach observed in the spiral model or agile software development model. Eachlaboratory is presented as a distinct requirement and product solution. Students must stick to adeadline and work through an entire development process to plan, design, develop, test, andevaluate each component

Collection

2021 ASEE Pacific Southwest Conference - "Pushing Past Pandemic Pedagogy: Learning from Disruption"

Authors

Arthur Densmore, California State University, Long Beach; Hen-Geul Yeh, Cal State University, Long Beach

Tagged Topics

Diversity

with new technologies and tools. As the summer of 2020 approached our EEdepartment pondered how to implement its fall laboratory courses appropriately without thestudents meeting in the university’s laboratories, as the university’s response to the pandemicrequired. We considered conducting the laboratories using only virtual, simulated laboratoryexperiments; although, limiting the students to simulated laboratories does not afford the studentthe opportunity to work with real hardware and to face, identify, and overcome realisticimplementation issues. The latter we believe are essential components of the intended studentlaboratory experience. So we had to come up with an alternate laboratory hardware plan andtake action in preparation for the

Collection

2021 ASEE St. Lawrence Section Conference

Authors

Michael Shenoda, State University of New York, College of Technology at Farmingdale

alsoconsiders the effect of offering the OER implementation of the course for the first time in aremote learning environment, as was done during the Fall 2020 semester. Class assessmentmeasures, as well as survey data, were used to consider how well the three goals outlined abovewere addressed. The preliminary results point to a successful implementation of OER in theremote learning environment.BackgroundEngineering and Engineering Technology courses often require the purchase of expensivetextbooks and other materials. Construction Management Technology, in particular, involvingareas of practice such as plan reading and production, cost estimating, safety, scheduling, andproject management, can require numerous onerous purchases. Through previous

Collection

2021 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Emmanuel U. Enemuoh

Project Planning Problem Definition and Instruction, Constraints Assessments,and Guidance Field Knowledge and In Training and development of Expertise Deliverables Support • Subject • Students Matter Experts Figure 2. Model of Capstone Design Course Integrated with Subject Matter Experts

Collection

CoED

Authors

Mario Perhinschi

them for flight simulation tests; • full versus fractional factorial design; • performing planned tests, data acquisition, and data sanity verification; • statistical significance; • correlation versus causality; • verification and validation of results and conclusions.4 Simulation ToolsTwo simulation environments, desktop and motion-based, are used, sharing the same aircraft ® ®mathematical model developed in Matlab and Simulink . Cockpit and scenery visualization is ® ®provided by commercially available packages, FlightGear and X-Plane , respectively. Graphicaluser interface (GUI) menus allow for the

Collection

2007 North Midwest Section Meeting

Authors

K. R. Haapala; M. J. Hutchins; J. L. Rivera; V. Kumar; A. R. Clarke; T. D. Eatmon; R. A. Harris; M. H. Durfee; J. R. Mihelcic; D. R. Shonnard; J. W. Sutherland

Model Product take-back Risk assessment Life cycle engineering Natural resources Eco-efficient manufacturing Human & ecosystem health Societal Sustainability Informed citizenry Risk communication Stakeholder participation Public policy Social justice Knowledge diffusion Equity Land use planning Figure 1. The Sustainable Futures Model (from Mihelcic & Hokanson, 2005)In spite

Collection

2007 North Midwest Section Meeting

Authors

Michele H. Miller; Kari L. Jordan

graduate [67]. Faculty members then translate the attributes into course objectivesand develop an assessment plan. Finally, course content is developed and implemented, andassessment measures are made. Incropera and Fox note that the reasons for change must becommunicated to the faculty before beginning the reform process and then repeatedly over thecourse of the reform effort. Techniques for engaging faculty, students, and industry in thereform process include: surveys, focus groups, workshops, interviews, regular departmental andarea meetings [29,66,68]. An external facilitator may be used.ConclusionDesign curricula both motivate and teach valuable skills. Design motivates by: engagingstudents with hands-on, active learning; attracting different

Collection

2007 North Midwest Section Meeting

Authors

Qiong Zhang; Dana Johnson; James R. Mihelcic

Futures Willingness to pay Technology market Model Economic risks Societal Sustainability Health Regulations National strategic plan Water purification technology customers International organizations and NGOs involvement Figure 3. Sustainable Futures Model applied to the example projectAssembling of an appropriate teamTo achieve the project objective, three specific tasks were identified: market analysis, technologyevaluation and selection, and business case study. The market analysis included

Collection

2013 North Midwest Section Meeting

Authors

Majura F. Selekwa

perception, the factthat the first group struggled for most of the time until after sitting in the session of the sec-ond group is an indication that this approach may be effective. Future plans include rigorousevaluation of this approach using a big sample and better statistical methods.5 Summary and ConclusionThis paper has outlined critical steps that must be followed by the instructor who teaches thesubject of microcontrollers to students who have a limited background in electrical , electronicand computer engineering. It stresses on the need for students to be taught the general inter-nal structure of microcontrollers and where to find specific programming information for anyparticular microcontroller. The paper believes that it is through