Conference Session

Student Engagement and Motivation

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan Stolk, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; John Geddes, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Mark Somerville, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Robert Martello, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

learners are like the self-regulated learners Zimmermandescribes in that they are “metacognitively, motivationally, and behaviorally active participantsin their own learning.”15 In addition to masters of learning processes, self-directed learners areself-starters, with intention to develop and conceptions of themselves as highly capablelearners.16,17 As Rogers notes, self-directed learners possess positive self-regard, a self-actualizing tendency, and openness to experience.7,18Cognitive and metacognitive factors in SDL include students’ abilities to recognize needs,develop strategies for planning, monitoring, and adapting learning processes, reflect on theircognitive processes, and engage in accurate self-evaluation of performance or mastery

Conference Session

Successful K-12 Programs for Girls & Minorities

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patricia Tolley, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Deborah Sharer, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Anthony Brizendine, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Michael Phillips, Department of Engineering Technology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Adam Harris

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Engineering Leadership Academy. She also provides oversight for student professional development curriculum and programs, including the Fundamentals of Engineering exam. She is founder and co-chair of the college’s Strategic Planning and Assessment Resource Team and is a key member of the University’s Institutional Effectiveness Oversight Committee. As a founding member of the Academic Affairs Assessment Team, she was instrumental in helping to develop campus-wide tools that enhance the efficiency of data collection and reporting. As co-PI on several projects, including four current NSF projects, Patricia contributes her expertise in the areas of the freshman-year experience

Conference Session

Issues and Direction in ET Education and Administration: Part II

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Enrique Barbieri, University of Houston; Wajiha Shireen, University of Houston; Farrokh Attarzadeh, University of Houston; Raresh Pascali, University of Houston; Miguel Ramos, University of Houston; William Fitzgibbon, University of Houston

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

maintaining laboratories needed in the first 2 years; and (4)Engineering departments can better focus on advanced/graduate level education with betterutilization of professorial staff.This article examines 2-year common curriculum templates for Electrical/Computer ET andElectrical/Computer Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering and Mechanical ET programsbased on CDIO, and summarizes preliminary assessment results of the proposed educationalmodel collected from industry participants. The templates assume a full-time course of study in4 semesters after which the student selects to either complete a BS in Engineering Technology in2 additional years, or transfer to an Engineering degree plan which may be 2-, 3-, or 4-yearslong. Both plans are assumed to

Conference Session

Integrating H&SS in Engineering I

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donald Carpenter, Lawrence Technological University; Andrew Gerhart, Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

andinnovative learning experience in a joint venture between the College of Engineering and theCollege of Arts and Sciences. From the autumn of 2003 through the summer of 2005, thestudents planned, organized, and completed an historic 500-mile canoe trip from Detroit toPittsburgh via Lake Erie to mark the 250th anniversary of the beginning of the French and IndianWar (specifically the Battle of the Monongahela outside present-day Pittsburgh in 1755). Thecanoe expedition followed a route that was a standard trade and shipping route for the Frenchand Native Americans up to the 1750s. Starting near the Lawrence Tech campus on the RougeRiver in metropolitan Detroit, the students canoed into the Detroit River and along the length ofLake Erie. After several

Conference Session

Research to Practice: STRAND 1 – Addressing the NGSS: Supporting K-12 Teachers in Engineering Pedagogy and Engineering Science Connections (Part 2)

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marie Anne Aloia, Bayonne High School; Howard S. Kimmel, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

competitions. Some students enter the course with a portfolio in hand. The teacherserves as resource and mentor, as the students present weekly plans and progress for a grade.This year a third course is being piloted called Engineering Technology. Designed primarily for9th grade students, the course focuses on engineering design, project management and hands ontechnical skills, which allows them to advance to the Intro to Engineering course with a richerpreparation. Evaluation will include the effectiveness of the course, the program’s impact on thestudents, and an assessment of the student work.IntroductionThe quest to design a new engineering program, deciding where to start, establishing the runningthemes for a whole new course, or set of courses

Conference Session

Tips and Tricks for Actively Engaging Students

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Clifton B. Farnsworth, Brigham Young University; Donna Harp Ziegenfuss, University of Utah; Matthew W. Roberts, Southern Utah University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

University.Dr. Donna Harp Ziegenfuss, University of Utah Donna Harp Ziegenfuss, is an Associate Librarian in Graduate and Undergraduate Services in the J. Willard Marriott Library at the University of Utah. She has an Ed.D. in Academic Leadership/Higher Education and an MS degree in Applied Technology/Instructional Design. She has over 10 years of experience teaching, designing instruction, and doing qualitative research both in and outside of a library context. Her research interests focus on library and technology-based instructional planning and course design, assessment and evaluation topics, as well as online teaching and learning.Dr. Matthew W Roberts, Southern Utah University Dr. Roberts has been teaching structural

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division: Best Papers

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jordan Orion James, University of New Mexico; Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico; Chen Qiu M.Sc., University of New Mexico; Christopher Riley

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Paper ID #22582Using Design Challenges to Develop Empathy in First-year CoursesJordan Orion James, University of New Mexico Jordan O. James is a Native American Ph.D. learning sciences student and lecturer at the University of New Mexico’s School of Architecture and Planning in the Community & Regional Planning program. He has served as a graduate research assistant on an NSF-funded project, Revolutionizing Engineering De- partments, and has been recognized as a Graduate Studies student spotlight recipient and teaching scholar. Jordan studies learning in authentic, real-world conditions utilizing Design Based Research

Conference Session

Integrating Engineering Economy into Curricula

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heath J. LeBlanc, Ohio Northern University; Bryan O'Neil Boulanger, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy

projectmanagement and engineering economy as modules within a three-credit course offered on theprocess of design. All courses on engineering economy and project management are offered onlyto senior-level students in the fall semester.The initial discussion brought together the Dean of our college with the faculty representativefrom each department responsible for teaching engineering economy and/or project management.The group expressed a desire to re-evaluate the way engineering economy and projectmanagement content is covered within each department and across the college. With a growingenrollment across the college, the discussion focused mainly on long-term planning,brainstorming ways to 1) maintain course content, 2) make faculty resources available

Conference Session

Capstone Design

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Olga Pierrakos, James Madison University; Elise M. Barrella, James Madison University; Robert L. Nagel, James Madison University; Jacquelyn Kay Nagel, James Madison University; Justin J Henriques, James Madison University; Daniel Devon Imholte

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

at Georgia Tech completing her Ph.D. research as part of the Infrastructure Research Group (IRG). She also completed a teaching certificate and was actively involved with the Center for the En- hancement of Teaching and Learning (CETL) at Georgia Tech. Her academic interests focus on two primary areas of sustainable transportation: (1) community-based design and planning and (2) strategic planning and policy development. Dr. Barrella is also interested in investigating how to best integrate these research interests into classroom and project experiences for her students.Dr. Robert L. Nagel, James Madison University Dr. Robert Nagel is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering at James Madison University

Conference Session

Making Headway: Two-year/Four-year Curriculum Alignment and Also U-G Research

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James K. Nelson Jr. P.E., University of Texas, Tyler; Mary Eileen Smith, Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board; Martha M. Ellis

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

Board Mary Smith has been employed with the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board since 1987 and now serves as Assistant Deputy Commissioner for Academic Planning and Policy. She is responsible for the administration and management of matters related to the board’s higher education academic planning and policy functions, and she provides leadership on key projects, reports, and studies that cut across divisions of the agency. She has taught at the University of Texas, Austin,, and she currently is an Adjunct Assistant Professor of communication at St. Edward’s University in Austin. Smith serves as the Project Coordinator for the $1.8 million productivity grant awarded to Texas from Lumina Foundation for Education

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division (IND) Technical Session 3

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Enas Aref, Western Michigan University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering Division (IND)

capabilities, teams can receive personalized recommendations andinsights tailored to their specific project needs. Moreover, Gen AI's ability to analyze team dynamics andanticipate potential conflicts equips educators and students with invaluable resources for fostering aharmonious working environment conducive to creativity and productivity.Central to this paper is the development of the Team Dynamics and Conflict Resolution (TDCR) module,which provides students with the needed knowledge and hands-on skills to form project teams, promoteteam dynamics, and successfully resolve conflicts. This paper provided a detailed plan to integrate the TDCR module in any given course plan.While the TDCR module is a standalone module, the author proposes

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

William Bambrick

applicationfunctionality. The functionality that has evolved over the years is being replaced on a onefor one basis. This functionality includes:• Order fulfillment from sales support through order entry to customer shipment• Distribution logistics (Supply Chain Management)• General accounting and finance• Customer service and field engineeringThe term enterprise resource planning (ERP) has evolved to cover the packages addressingthe above functional requirements. Are the ERP packages covering all the functionalityneeded to support a company’s business processes and information needs? What are thefunctional gaps?Despite the general acceptance of the ERP vendors’ claim that they address all the needs ofa manufacturing enterprise, significant gaps exist

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 4: The Best of the All: FPD Best Papers

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John K. Estell, Ohio Northern University; David Reeping, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

anancillary role in the service effort and do not travel to the site of the project. This study wasconducted during the 2013-2014 school year in the context of two courses offered at OhioNorthern University. Participants of the study included first-year programming students enrolledin a second semester introductory programming course and engineering education studentsenrolled in an upper-level elective course involved with developing lesson plans for teacherworkshops being conducted in the Dominican Republic by members of the university’s NorthernEngineers Without Boundaries student organization. The following sections of this paper willfirst examine the relevant background concerning prior research, explain the framework for thestudy, review the

Collection

2005 GSW

Authors

Kenneth Van Treuren

consists of a one-hour lecture, a three-hourpractical measurement/demonstration session (often involving calibration techniques) anda three-hour laboratory usually using the measurement techniques talked about in theprevious measurement/demonstration session. The last half of the course is a laboratoryproject, accomplished in teams of two. The students accomplish a written test plan andmake a presentation on the test plan early in the course to get the necessary backgroundinformation. This enables the students to purchase required materials and beginfabrication, if necessary, for the final project early in the course. Topics have included aforce balance for the wind tunnel, automated velocity control for the wind tunnel usingLabview, internal

Conference Session

Adaptation of Laboratory-based Courses During a Pandemic: Experimentation and Laboratory-oriented Studies Division

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jason Yao, East Carolina University; Ricky T. Castles, East Carolina University; Chris Venters, East Carolina University; Nic Herndon; Melinda T. Doty, East Carolina University

Tagged Divisions

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies

(e.g., student clubs/orgs). It also impaired essential hands-on learningbecause students were no longer able to access facilities and equipment required to conductexperiments, make observations and collect data [2].Even for those who were comfortable with online teaching, difficulties do not stop there. In the ruralarea, one could not assume reliable internet access was always guaranteed to everybody. Lecturescould be interrupted because of lost WIFI connections. Students might not finish an exam due to poweroutrage. All these technical hardships not only impaired learning, but also increased faculty workloadand caused academic integrity issues [3].Planning for Fall 2020- The (Limited) Return to CampusThe university valued the importance of

Conference Session

Studies of Classroom Assessment: Exam Wrappers, Equitable Grading, Test Anxiety, and Use of Reflection

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Karen C. Davis, Miami University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Award for Women in Engineering Education in 2016. Dr. Davis received a B.S. degree in Computer Science from Loyola University, New Orleans in 1985 and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Louisiana, Lafayette in 1987 and 1990, respectively. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021 Examining the Efficacy of Exam Wrappers in a Computer Science CourseAbstract (Evidence-based Practice)An exam wrapper is a guided reflection activity that students undertake following an exam.Students are typically asked to reflect on their preparation, performance, and plans for preparingfor the next exam. The

Conference Session

The Role of Peers in Promoting Learning and Persistence

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Keilin Jahnke, University of Illinois Urbana - Champaign; Samantha Lindgren, University of Illinois Urbana - Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

programand reflects on the applicability of the activity in a wide range of engineering courses. Second, itdescribes a qualitative study to answer the research question, to what extent is the YTU activityeffective in terms of student engagement and connection to the course objective? Data wascollected from two groups of students who participated in this creativity course and completedtwo peer teaching activities. Each student taught a 15-minute lesson to a group of peers,submitted a detailed lesson plan, and wrote self- and peer-assessments after class. These lessonsincluded both content sharing (i.e., presentation about the topic) as well as an activity and a finalassessment tool to ensure that their peers had met the student-defined learning

Conference Session

Faculty Track - Technical Session I

Collection

2018 CoNECD - The Collaborative Network for Engineering and Computing Diversity Conference

Authors

Michelle Kay Bothwell, Oregon State University; Padma Akkaraju, Oregon State University; Joseph McGuire, Oregon State University; Thuy T. Tran, Oregon State University; Andrea Zigler, Oregon State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Faculty

assembled in AY17 and empowered to work with collegeleadership to envision, develop, and resource infrastructure and communication needs to engageall college employees in our culture change process. The work of the Change Team has emergedas essential to advancing our goals in relation to community. We will discuss inception andevolution of the Change Team, profile five projects launched in AY18, and summarize some ofthe challenges that still remain.BackgroundThe efforts described in this paper are enabled to a great extent by the broader university-levelcontext. The most important initiatives supporting work within the College of Engineering(COE) are highlighted below. We also provide a brief overview of the college’s strategic plan,which for the

Conference Session

New Approaches to the Development of Online Learning and International Programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Glenda Scales; Rebecca Gunter; Cheryl Peed

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

The Shaping of Virginia Tech’s International Engineering Education ProgramAbstractVirginia Tech’s strategic plan recognizes the need for its engineering graduates to have a moreglobal outlook. Today’s engineer is more likely than ever to interact with people from avariety of cultures and to be involved with projects that span across continents. Theinstitutional goal of increasing students’ global awareness put more focus on establishing aninternational department at the Dean’s level in the College of Engineering. This paper willdiscuss the development of this office and the administrative efforts to raise the percentage ofthe university’s engineering students going abroad. It will show how to use existing

Collection

2009 GSW

Authors

Dr. Lynn Peterson; Dr. Carter Tiernan; Lynard Broussard

, 7th, or 8th grades in Fall 2008. This camp is part of the UTA Engineering andComputer Science Summer Camps that have been running since 1998. The second camp was anewly inaugurated camp called Girlgeneering. This camp was for girls entering the 6th, 7th, 8th or9th grades in Fall 2008. The new Girlgeneering camp was modeled after the structure of theEntry to Engineering camp with some specific modifications for its audience that will bediscussed.In the paper we will discuss the goals for the two camps, the differences in the planning for thecamps, and the staffing for the camps. We will also talk about our rationale for the ways inwhich the camps were planned differently. We will then talk about the ways in which the campsthemselves were

Conference Session

Professional Practice and AEC Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Dupuis, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Benjamin Thompson, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Lawrence Bank, University of Wisconsin - Madison; John Herridge, Autodesk

Tagged Divisions

Architectural

are marketing BIM softwarepackages. But BIM is not as simple as a new software package for designers; it is quite literally aparadigm shift in the concept of building delivery and operation. The BIM design methodologycombined with the software allows all the design professionals, from all disciplines and trades, tocontribute knowledge and share it in one three dimensional parametric model. Once the designteam is finished the contractors can use this same model to do quantity extractions, estimating,construction planning and even computer aided manufacturing. During owner operation of thebuilding, this model can be used for facility management and planning. The use of BIM caneliminate the reliance on rolls of two dimensional drawings and the

Conference Session

Service - Learning Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mansour Rahimi, University of Southern California; Alex John, USC

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

measurements. Planning for a final assessment trip in March of 2008 has also beenfinalized. EWB-USC is partnering this effort with a number of humanitarian organizations, andthe International Rotary Organization’s “Decade of Water Improvement” to provide some of thesupplies and equipments for this project. This paper highlights the key experiences in organizational development, project funding,trip planning, assessment trip and lays out a five-year project plan for our future efforts. Thehope is that through exposure to these experiences, other newly formed EWB studentorganizations will plan for their activities in a more efficient and responsive way.1. Laying the Foundation The programmatic goal of EWB-USC is to provide students with

Conference Session

Sustainability and Environmental Issues

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bradley Striebig, James Madison University; Susan Norwood, Gonzaga University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

. Assess and evaluate water quality. 7. Apply principles of epidemiology to the design of an evaluation plan for a water and Page 14.943.5 sanitation project 4 8. Articulate social justice issues associated with health and health interventions in emerging nations. 9. Prepare and implement health and engineering content for Benin junior high and high school students in English 10. Articulate basic principles of second language acquisition as they apply to Benin educational contexts.Course designBased on these course

Conference Session

Career Development in Engineering: From Higher Education to Industry

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ben David Lutz, Virginia Tech; Marie C. Paretti, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

workplacelearning along three different dimensions: 1) location, 2) degree of planning, and 3) facilitatorrole. First, location can be either on- or off-the-job. This criterion helps distinguish experience-based learning (e.g., learning through doing) from classroom or training environments. Second,learning events can be structured or unstructured, where structured learning occurs within somekind of planned system. Last, the facilitator may be either active or passive. It is active if thefacilitator drives the learning experience (e.g., a software training program), but passive if thelearner needs to reach out to the facilitator to acquire new information (e.g., asking a coworker aquestion about a work task).Table 1: Initial categories of learning and

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sandra Furnbach Clavijo P.E., Stevens Institute of Technology; Leslie R. Brunell, Stevens Institute of Technology; Keith G. Sheppard, Stevens Institute of Technology; Kishore V. Pochiraju, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

some participation in equity, but rarelydo they appreciate the value of entrepreneurial skills within the competitive corporateenvironment.This paper will focus on how we developed and delivered our year-long companion course,Senior Innovation, and how the following learning outcomes were achieved through delivery ofthis course: define business value propositions of the design project; estimate and identifyprospective revenue streams; analyze market viability for a given product/service; develop basiccomponents of a business plan; create an effective executive summary; and develop and deliveran effective pitch. From our 2016-2017 survey results of Senior Innovation, we can conclude thatcivil engineering students master the same learning

Conference Session

Curricular Advancements in ECE

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gina Martinez, Lewis University; Safwan Omari, Lewis University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

resource plan. One of the first steps for developing the human resource plan is identifying and documenting roles and responsibilities. This is particularly critical in small to medium-sized liberal arts colleges looking to obtain initial ABET accreditation. Historically, these colleges lack in-house expertise regarding the process. Moreover, preparation ideally starts several years before the campus visit, therefore, roles such as acquiring accreditation knowledge, training, dissemination of such training are identified at the beginning. Among the qualities of a good human resource plan are that it can determine if human resource requirements are met, how they are met, determine when they are no longer met, and has a clear plan of acquiring

Conference Session

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies: Pedagogy of Lab-Oriented Courses

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Natacha Depaola, Illinois Institute of Technology; Roberto Cammino, Illinois Institute of Technology; Bonnie Haferkamp, Illinois Institute of Technology; Paul R. Anderson, Illinois Institute of Technology; Eric M Brey, Illinois Institute of Technology; Jamshid Mohammadi, Illinois Institute of Technology; Fouad Teymour, Illinois Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

. Students are guided through the literature reviewprocess by our engineering librarian, then conduct a literature review on their topic of research.Once the literature review is completed, time is spent with each team making sure the properquestion or hypothesis is generated. Next, a high level research plan is developed with acorresponding list of equipment and materials that each student needs in order to perform theirexperimentation. Students are allowed to purchase small items needed for their research if theitems are not available in the currently existing undergraduate research lab. We do not have a setbudget for the students because we might decide to spend more on a particular item because ofits reusability for future experiments

Conference Session

Potpourri

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chaomin Luo, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

engineering course. The main focus is on teaching students to performengineering and research projects to meet the required specifications while applying computationalintelligence techniques for autonomous robots or other applications.A series of well-prepared projects assigned to students to cover various topics in this course assist instudent learning for enhancement of research skills. Teaching and learning strategies by the project-based methodology were associated with ABET learning outcomes intended to improve studentresearch capability [3]. In this on-going project, the objective is to perform an in-depth technicalresearch consisting of multiple projects utilized on robot navigation, motion planning and mappingapplications. Opinions of

Conference Session

New Engineering Educators Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ted Eschenbach P.E., University of Alaska Anchorage; Neal A Lewis, University of Bridgeport; Gillian M. Nicholls, Southeast Missouri State University; William J. Schell IV P.E., Montana State University

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

academic career, he spent 14 years in industry where he held leadership positions focused on process improvement and organizational development. Page 26.1654.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 Using Agile Project Management to Maximize You and Your Coauthors’ ProductivityAbstractFor decades as information technology (IT) projects grew bigger and more complex, projectfailures seemed to become increasingly common, in spite of intense efforts to apply traditionalproject planning. Those traditional planning tools focused on balancing the triple

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven J. Burian, University of Utah; Defne S. Apul, University of Toledo

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

developing new sustainability-enriched engineering education material is the need for knowledge and skills from multipledisciplines to be incorporated into learning experiences. This creates limitations to whatinstructors can accomplish with students lacking the necessary knowledge and skills unless thereare added requirements for pre-requisite coursework, additional time taken in class to teach extramaterial, or extra assignments for students to learn the material independently. Each of thesesolutions means the course must be modified to reduce content or increase time and effort ofstudents to enable new content to be included. In most cases this is a major impediment and onethat prevents instructors from moving forward with plans for anything more