one’sattitude/motivation, self-efficacy, and experience with technology. How a student views andvalues their education will influence how seriously they interact with an online course [3]. For anonline class, it is up to the student to participate in class and interact with the course.Student engagement can be enhanced by improved instructional techniques. Methods ofteaching can be broken down into four categories; instructor centered, interactive,individualized, and experiential [4]. Instructor centered learning primarily involves one-waycommunication from the instructor to the students. Questions from instructor to the whole classis also a form of an instructor centered strategy; this method primarily facilitates passive learningfor the student which
, pp. 665–685, 1999.[27] J. S. Hegenauer, “Stress, depression, and anxiety in undergraduate engineering and architecture students,” in American Society for Engineering Education Northeast Section Conference, University of Hartford, Hartford, CT, 2018, pp. 27–28.[28] M. S. Chapell et al., “Test anxiety and academic performance in undergraduate and graduate students.,” J. Educ. Psychol., vol. 97, no. 2, p. 268, 2005.[29] L. Myyry and T. Joutsenvirta, “Open-book, open-web online examinations: Developing examination practices to support university students’ learning and self- efficacy,” Act. Learn. High. Educ., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 119–132, 2015.[30] T. Ringeisen, S. Lichtenfeld, S. Becker, and N. Minkley, “Stress experience and
, “The development and validation of a new multidimensional test anxiety scale (mtas),” European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 2020.[23] R. Driscoll, “Westside test anxiety scale validation.” Online submission, 2007.[24] J. Taylor and F. P. Deane, “Development of a short form of the test anxiety inventory (tai),” The Journal of General Psychology, vol. 129, no. 2, pp. 127–136, 2002.[25] C. D. Spielberger, “Manual for the state-trait anxietry, inventory,” Consulting Psychologist, 1970.[26] E. S. Cerino, “Relationships between academic motivation, self-efficacy, and academic procrastination.” Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research, vol. 19, no. 4, 2014.[27] P. Steel, “The nature of procrastination: a meta-analytic and
anindividualistic culture, plays a critical role in the attrition of students in STEM fields [9]. Further,to support the success of marginalized students, advocates call for changes to address large-scalecultural issues that can lead to academic burnout and emotional exhaustion [1,6].To address these challenges, several studies explored the value of student-professor relationshipsin fostering supportive learning environments. Work by Micari & Pazos [10] found that studentswho had a positive relationship with faculty earned higher grades and were more confident intheir ability to succeed in academically rigorous courses. Vogt [3] explored the impact offaculty-student interactions on students’ self-efficacy, academic confidence, and critical
disciplines, CBE—Life Sciences Education, 19(3), ar46, 2020.[18] C. S. Dweck, “Mindset: The new psychology of success,” Random House, 2006.[19] R. W. Hass, J. Katz-Buonincontro, and R. Reiter-Palmon, “Disentangling creative mindsets from creative self- efficacy and creative identity: Do people hold fixed and growth theories of creativity?” Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 10(4), 436, 2016.[20] K. Schumann, J. Zaki, and C.S. Dweck, “Addressing the empathy deficit: beliefs about the malleability of empathy predict effortful responses when empathy is challenging,” Journal of Personality and social psychology, 107(3), 475, 2014.[21] Q. Cutts, E. Cutts, S. Draper, P. O'Donnell, and P. Saffrey
, such as involvement in makerspaces, can lead to increases inengineering self-efficacy and can provide opportunities for students’ to be recognized asengineers, potentially promoting the development of their engineering identity. However,participation in makerspaces is not necessarily equal across all student groups, with the potentialfor white, man-dominated cultures of engineering to be replicated in makerspaces, preventingstudents from marginalized groups from feeling welcome or participating. Earningmicrocredentials and digital badges in makerspaces has the potential to encourage participationand provide a means for recognition. The goal of this two-year project (funded by NSF’s PFE:Research Initiation in Engineering Formation program) is
includefoundational bioethics frameworks in autonomy, justice, and beneficence; virtueethics; ethical sourcing of materials; risk analyses of medical technologies; andfairness in healthcare costs. We have developed reflection assignments on studentperception of ethics in biomedical engineering that reflect increased self-efficacyand comfort with ethical inquiry. Assessments on stakeholders and perceived riskduring senior design courses indicate growth in applying case studies from previousbiomedical technologies to identify potential ethical dilemmas in developing anddeploying a new technology. Future work will measure student self-efficacy acrossthe BME curriculum and post-graduation in longitudinal studies on preparation forethical decision making as
. Ahmad, "Learning styles and critical thinking skills of engineering students," in 2017 IEEE 9th International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED), 2017.[5] E. E. Miskioğlu and D. W. Wood, "That's not my style: Understanding the correlation of learning style preferences, self-efficacy, and student performance in an introductory chemical engineering course," in 2014 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) Proceedings, 2014.[6] R. J. Kapadia, "Teaching and learning styles in engineering education," in 2008 38th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference, 2008.[7] D. Rohrer and H. Pashler, "Learning Styles: Where's the Evidence?.," Online Submission, vol. 46, p. 634–635, 2012.[8] J
dispositional changes in STEM self-efficacy and identity.Students completed surveys and reflections at multiple points throughout their internship,including a retrospective pre/post survey capturing dispositional shifts during the experience.The results of the internship experience on student intern participants educational andprofessional plans at the 3 sites are evaluated in this paper. Results show significant gains onitems related to professional discernment (desire to work in a STEM field, use technical skills,on open ended problems for the betterment of society) for participants at all sites. Additionally,there are differences by gender.OverviewBeginning in 2015, the College of Engineering researchers and staff at UNIVERSITYdeveloped, piloted
belief as to how well one will perform in a givenactivity or task [11]. Competency beliefs are frequently grounded in self-efficacy theory [14],which mediates the connection between positive feedback and better academic achievement [15].While competency beliefs focus on a person’s ability to do a task or engage in an activity, valuebeliefs focus on an individual’s desire to engage (or the relevance of engaging) in an activity ortask. Key retention barriers associated with value beliefs include perceptions of attainment value,utility value, and interest value, which is the motivational construct under investigation in thisstudy. In the current study, interest refers to “student beliefs related to the enjoyability,significance and/or usefulness of
resources must be invested while doing the task)[12].Viewing doctoral attrition through the lens of EVT allows us to map graduate students’ concernswith each one of the STVs. For instance, the connection between a sense of belonging and self-efficacy can be observed in the attainment STV. Additionally, doctoral students need to bewilling to persist to engage in tasks and spend time and effort, two traits that map with theintrinsic and the cost STV [6]. Finally, the role of peers and faculty relationships as part of thestudent’s daily life (i.e. socialization) during their doctoral degree process, can be linked withintrinsic, attainment, and utility [1].Expectancy Value Theory and Engineering EducationIn a review of the application of EVT within
. Sigmon, “Service-Learning: three principles,” Synergist, 1979.[25] S. DeChenne, L. Enochs, and M. Needham, “Science, Technology, Engineering,and Mathematics Graduate Teaching Assistants Teaching Self-Efficacy,” Journal of theScholarship of Teaching and Learning, vol. 12, pp. 102–123, Jan. 2012. 17
related to each construct. The MLSQ measures two different scales, motivation and learningstrategy. The motivation scale measures intrinsic and extrinsic goals together with the task value, whichassesses students’ goals, their belief in their ability to succeed in chemistry and their anxiety about achievingtheir desired test scores in chemistry. The learning strategy assesses students’ management of differentresources. The Litman and Spielberger curiosity assessment instruments were used to measure students’ levelof curiosity, self-efficacy, task value, learning strategies and test anxiety (Table 1).Table 1: MLSQ Table Item/Scale Sample Question Code Intrinsic Goal In a class like
about the significance of mathematics and their self-efficacy in thesubject contributed to greater motivation and achievement in math.Nevertheless, so much more can be learned about how math identity develops and how educatorscan support the development of a positive math identity for all students. [14] examined howacademic motivation influences high school students’ academic achievement. They surveyed1,100 high school students and measured their intrinsic, identified, external, and amotivationaltendencies, along with their GPA and standardized test scores over two years. The results showedthat students who were intrinsically motivated or motivated by personal values and interestsoutperformed those who were motivated by external rewards or
some self-efficacy that I can do things that will make change. It also was good to feel like there arepeople that are ready to … make positive differences to Engineering Education…This academyprovided (1) self-efficacy, (2) network, (3) knowledge exchange.”Also in the focus group, when thinking about additional resources or follow-up support theydesired after the academy, Fellows primarily talked about three ideas:1. Mentoring and/or regular meetings to answer questions and ensure steady progress on their projects.2. More information and resources associated with NSF funding.3. Providing their administrator colleagues with workshop materials and other information about the Academy.For approximately half of the Fellows, their next step was
, Jun. 2013, p. 23.98.1-23.98.18. Accessed: Feb. 13, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://peer.asee.org/a-robotics-summer- camp-for-high-school-students-pipelines-activities-promoting-careers-in-engineering-fields[14] R. M. Hughes, B. Nzekwe, and K. J. Molyneaux, “The Single Sex Debate for Girls in Science: a Comparison Between Two Informal Science Programs on Middle School Students’ STEM Identity Formation,” Res Sci Educ, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1979–2007, Oct. 2013, doi: 10.1007/s11165-012-9345-7.[15] A. A. Rogers, J. J. Rogers, and J. C. Baygents, “A Longitudinal Evaluation of an AP Type, Dual-Enrollment Introduction to Engineering Course: Examining Teacher Effect on Student Self-Efficacy and Interest
Development Programs Amongst Medical School Faculty Members. Journal of Faculty Development, 29(2), 51- 58.26. P. Peciuliauskiene, G. Tamoliune, and E. Trepule, “Exploring the roles of Information Search and Information Evaluation Literacy and pre-service teachers’ ICT self-efficacy in teaching,” International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, vol. 19, no. 1, 2022.27. L. W. Perna, A. Ruby, R. F. Boruch, N. Wang, J. Scull, S. Ahmad, and C. Evans, “Moving through moocs,” Educational Researcher, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 421–432, 2014.28. Polmear and D. Simmons, ‘A collaborative autoethnography: Examining professional formation and workplace sustainability in discipline-based engineering education research’, in
acceptance that a student receives from variouspersonal stakeholders, such as family, peers, and mentors. Finally, competence/performance isthe closest construct to a student’s feeling of self-efficacy and indicates their level ofself-confidence in their knowledge and abilities in computing. While the four sub-constructsmeasure distinguishable aspects of a student’s sense of identity in a field, they also influence eachother in a dynamic manner based on a student’s unique environment and context [24], a facet weindicate with bi-directional arrows.Students’ computing identity has previously been used as a measure of persistence [27] and alsotheir career choice [24]. We applied the computing identity framework to study students’ ties tothe discipline
intheir studies than students who procrastinate or have no planning and revisionstage for their writing (Sverdlik et al. 2018, p. 377-378). Finally, student successis tied to their academic identity (Sverdlik et al. 2018, p. 378-380). Students whoshow self-efficacy, that is confidence in their work, leads to positive outcomesin career trajectory and more competence in core abilities (Sverdlik et al. 2018,p. 379-380). This is also tied to student’s self-worth. Student’s who feel successas a result of their accomplishments as a graduate student are more likely tohave continued motivation (Sverdlik et al. 2018, p. 379-380). This can also,however, cause major determent to some students. Students whose identity istied to academic success and then find
in higher education: Psychological barriers to success and interventions to reduce social-class inequality,” Journal of Social Issues, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 23–41, 2017.[8] A. Kezar, L. Hypolite, and J. A. Kitchen, “Career Self-Efficacy: A Mixed-Methods Study of an Underexplored Research Area for First-Generation, Low-Income, and Underrepresented College Students in a Comprehensive College Transition Program,” American Behavioral Scientist, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 298–324, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1177/0002764219869409.[9] J. Roksa and P. Kinsley, “The Role of Family Support in Facilitating Academic Success of Low-Income Students,” Res High Educ, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 415–436, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1007/s11162-018-9517-z.[10] C. E
a professional educationcomponent consistent with the institution's mission and the program's educational objectives andpromotes diversity, equity, and inclusion awareness for career success [3]. "The need to feelbelongingness and linked with others" is how relatedness is defined (Baumeister and Leary [8]).According to studies, learning environments that provide a sense of connectedness to peers,parents, and instructors can enhance motivation and improve academic results (Ryan, et al. [9]).Self-efficacy, engagement, interest in school, higher grades, and retention have all beenconnected to feelings of relatedness, which are measured in terms of "school environment" andinstructor-student connections (Inkelas, et al. [10]). Research on
and self-efficacy. (Henri, Johnson, & Nepal, 2017, p. 612) The How o Frequent, low-stakes assessments to ensure student understanding while also allowing multiple opportunities to learn in multimodalities (in-person competency checks, practice problems, video tutorials, multiple quiz attempts) o In grade book, it looks like there are many assessments (and there are), but they are worth fewer points, and students can easily attain the points by completing of assignments or by exploring other opportunities for learning (Solid Professor/LinkedIn Learning) o Gamification of the classroom. Points system where students start at zero and “earn
thatschool teachers and leaders both found ways to implement integrated STEM within their schoolsystems as a result of participation in the professional development offered on STEM integration.Additionally, the authors found that participants increased their self-efficacy for STEMintegration, but the emphasis of the work from Havice et al. (2019) was on classroomimplementation and teacher experiences. Therefore, while administrators were included in theprofessional development and the study data for some measures, they were excluded formeasures of classroom implementation and there was a lack of measures directly related toadministrator outcomes specifically, suggesting a need to explore administrator experiencesfurther as they seek to bring STEM
change.Teachers play a significant role in helping students develop an awareness of, and interest indifferent career opportunities [1]. They also help shape a students’ self-efficacy and expectationswhich can have a significant impact on the student’s choice of careers [2]. Unfortunately, manyteachers either have little knowledge of the field of engineering or have misconceptions about thefield such as failing to identify engineering as a career that helps humanity [3-4]. EngineeringCommunity Engaged Learning (CEL) is an excellent way to help teachers understand howengineering, as well as other STEM careers, can have a high level of community engagementwhile using creativity to help humanity.For the 2022-2023 Global STEM cohort, RET participants engaged
. Although the formal definition of CURES varies across the literature, the integrationof experiential learning opportunities organized around a motivating research question aregenerally common across implementations. CURES are a uniquely valuable intervention for deployment at two-year institutions, wheremany students face restrictions which prohibit their participation in extracurricular activities. Theimplementation of CURES at two-year institutions presents unique challenges versus universitiesdue to the lack of existing research infrastructure. In addition, many students attending two-yearinstitutions are from historically marginalized groups, and may have limited resource awarenessand self-efficacy as it relates to performing research
kid. Although they can be talkative and make ill-advised jokes, the kids will find you a fun person if you run along with them instead of alwaysdiscouraging them. Kids like and respect fun people, which helps them pay attention to you moreas a mentor." An increase in scientific knowledge and development of character boost kids' self-efficacy in STEM and computing, which is the main purpose of this NSF-funded project. 13 ConclusionOur Mentor Corps program was developed to support teaching computational content for collegestudent mentors to collaborate with intermediate schoolteachers in the classroom
micro-certificate in the professoriate, and led several educational experiences for underrepresented high school students. Amanda plans to pursue a higher education teaching career and research strategies to promote active learning and improve self-efficacy amongst engineering students.Dr. Raj R. Rao, University of Arkansas Dr. Raj R. Rao is a Professor of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. He currently serves as the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Biological Engineering, as an ABET Program Evaluator; and is a member of the Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES) Education Committee. His research interests are in the broad area of cellular engineering that utilize
for underrepresented students in undergraduatescience, technology, engineering, and math," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,vol. 117, no. 12, pp. 6476-6483, Mar. 2020.[17] S. Freeman, S. L. Eddy, M. McDonough, M. K. Smith, N. Okoroafor, H. Jordt, and M. P.Wenderoth, "Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, andmathematics," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., vol. 111, no. 23, pp. 8410-8415, Jun. 2014.[18] C. J. Ballen, C. Wieman, S. Salehi, J. B. Searle, and K. R. Zamudio, "Enhancing diversity inundergraduate science: Self-efficacy drives performance gains with active learning," CBE—LifeSciences Education, vol. 16, no. 4, ar56, 2017.[19] P. Gurin, B. A. Nagda, and X. Zúñiga, Dialogue Across
skills and motivation might limit students' outcomes in capstone design projects. The lack of the supervisors' practical communication skills ultimately affected the students' motivation to develop the projects and apply the required project management techniques. In other words, if students sense that their opinions are respected, they will feel more empowered and motivated. Similar results are observed by the National Institute of Construction Management and Research and Walden University [13,14]. Along with motivation, social-cognitive theory suggests that effective communication affects students' deep thinking and motivation [15]. Hence, learners with strong self-efficacy are more likely to engage in activities that
is the S-SMART Summer Internship Program, which offerscommunity college students who have limited previous research experience meaningfulopportunities to engage in engineering research with close mentorship from faculty and peermentors, as well as gain hands-on teamwork experience. Research has shown that closementorship and teamwork can enhance academic performance, increase retention and persistenceto graduation, improve confidence and self-efficacy, and enhance career preparation, particularlyamong URM students [13]–[15]. The eight-week summer internship program aims to have ten totwelve community college students from diverse backgrounds in group research projects acrossseveral engineering disciplines within research labs at SFSU School