Conference Session

Alternative Energy Source Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Esther Ososanya, University of the District of Columbia; Abiose Adebayo, University of the District of Columbia; Jean-Pierre Fodjouo, University of the District of Columbia; Steven Omoijuanfo, University of the District of Columbia; Francis Ayissi, University of the District of Columbia; Tuan Ly, University of the District of Columbia; Kevin Allen, University of the District of Columbia; Mamoun Mohammed Ali, University of the District of Columbia; Gizaw Mulugeta, University of the District of Columbia; Anene Wynn, University of the District of Columbia; Dimitri Ditombi Bamba, University of the District of Columbia; Meraj Shaikh, University of the District of Columbia

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

Page 13.1210.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2008Abstract:Biogas is produced when organic matter is degraded in the absence of oxygen. Theprocess, from degradation to gas production is called anaerobic digestion. This anaerobicdigestion occurs naturally in wetland, Lake Bottom and deep landfills. An experimentaldigestor was built that converts cow manure and agricultural waste into methane-richbiogas that can be used as alternate energy resources to generate electricity or thermalenergy. The research in this study focuses on the feasibility of the design of anoperational digestor, the monitoring and control of the different biodegradation processvariables and experiments to boost or maximize the gas production; and the analysis

Conference Session

Capstone Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Manish Paliwal, College of New Jersey; Bijan Sepahpour, College of New Jersey

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

generation of design-oriented exercises and development of laboratory apparatus and experiments in the areas of me- chanics of materials and dynamics of machinery for undergraduate engineering programs. Sepahpour did his undergraduate studies at TCNJ and has degrees from New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT). He has served as the Chair of ASEE divisions of Experimentation and Laboratory Oriented Studies (DELOS) in 2006-07 and Mechanical Engineering in 2007-08. Sepahpour is an active member of ASME and ASEE. Page 25.100.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 A REVISED

Conference Session

Instrument Design and Development

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Clifton L. Kussmaul, Green Mango Associates, LLC; Patricia B. Campbell, Campbell-Kibler Associates; Maria Torres-Demas, Westminster College of Salt Lake City; Chris Mayfield, James Madison University; Helen Hu, Westminster College of Salt Lake City

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

of Computer Science at James Madison University. His research focuses on CS education and professional development, including for K-12 schools. Over the past five years, he has taught introductory CS courses using POGIL and the flipped classroom. He is coauthor of the textbook Think Java: How to Think Like a Computer Scientist and the designer of JMU’s CS 101 course.Dr. Helen Hu, Westminster College of Salt Lake City Helen H. Hu received her Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Utah. She is a Professor of Computer Science at Westminster College and a member of the ACM. Her research interests include active learning pedagogies and broadening participation i ©American Society

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Thaddeus Roppel; Victor Nelson

junior years. The laboratory courses are not directlylinked to specific lecture classes, but the experiments are carefully designed to synchronize to agreat degree with the standard curriculum. The focus of this paper is the first sophomorelaboratory course (hereinafter referred to as Lab I), which provides an introduction to safety,instrumentation, analog circuits and devices, and digital circuits and components.In Lab I, it is often the case that students require some background, which they have not studiedin any lecture, to understand and conduct a given experiment. For example, Lab I includes anexperiment using operational amplifiers, although op-amps are not formally introduced in lectureuntil the second electronics course. The latter

Conference Session

Continuing Professional Development Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gustavo Lopez, Universidad de Costa Rica; Francisco Cocozza, CITIC; Alexandra Martinez, Universidad de Costa Rica; Marcelo Jenkins, University of Costa Rica

Tagged Divisions

Continuing Professional Development

develop-ment unit at our university. Our design and implementation of the training course was assessedfrom three different points of view: the trainer’s, the trainee’s, and the manager’s. Our experi-ence might help educational institutions and college professors in designing and implementingsoftware testing training courses for industry.1. INTRODUCTIONSoftware testing is a critical activity in software engineering. It is estimated that the cost of soft-ware testing exceeds half of the total cost of development and maintenance16. Still, we are farfrom producing defect-free software. In order to achieve effective testing, testers need to havegood support from tools as well as sharp testing skills. The same goes for developers if they aredoing part

Conference Session

Aerospace Division (AERO) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Glen Roderic Coates, Pennsylvania State University; Alyson G. Eggleston, Pennsylvania State University; Robert J. Rabb P.E., Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace Division (AERO)

study are presented in this work. Finally, this paper makes recommendations for a technicalwriting course design and implementation.Background: Cross-disciplinary engineering focus on communicationThe engineering disciplines receive guidance in communication standards and curriculumdevelopment from regional accrediting bodies and ABET. ABET has revised directives forengineering communication in recent years to include an increasing focus on course assignments,projects, and extracurricular experiences that convey awareness of appropriate cultural factors(ABET criterion 2); audience awareness (ABET criterion 3); and collaborative teamwork andleadership (ABET criterion 5). Engineering programs are free to engage with and build capacityin ways that

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zhiqiang Wu, Wright State University; Bin Wang, Wright State University; Chi-Hao Cheng, Miami University; Deng Cao, Central State University; Ashraf Yaseen

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

. Communication and networking courses, especially wireless communication andnetworking courses, have become an integral part of the Electrical Engineering, ComputerScience, and Computer Engineering curricula. However, most of these courses are taught atmany institutions without a laboratory. For those courses associated with labs, often specialhardware based experiment systems are used. These experiment systems are expensive so mostschools cannot afford them. More importantly, such systems lack the flexibility to evolve overtime and adapt to different environments. In our previous NSF funded CCLI project “Evolvablewireless laboratory design and implementation for enhancing undergraduate wireless engineeringeducation”, we have developed and demonstrated

Conference Session

FPD 11: Culminating Considerations

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Silvia Husted, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Judith Virginia Gutierrez; Nelly Ramirez-Corona, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Aurelio Lopez-Malo, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Americas Puebla

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

. Page 24.922.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Multidimensional Assessment of Creativity in an Introduction to Engineering Design CourseAbstractCreative thinking includes the capacity to combine or synthesize existing ideas, images, orexpertise in original ways and the experience of thinking, reacting, and working in animaginative way characterized by a high degree of innovation, divergent thinking, and risktaking.1 If we are to produce engineers who can solve society's most pressing technologicalproblems we must provide our students with opportunities to exercise and augment their naturalcreative abilities and we must create classroom environments that make these

Conference Session

Active Learning and Demonstrations in Materials Education

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barry Dupen, Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort Wayne

Tagged Divisions

Materials

AC 2012-3869: UNDERGRADUATE DESIGN AND MODIFICATION OF ATENSILE TESTING FIXTURE FOR BIOMATERIALSDr. Barry Dupen, Indiana University-Purdue University, Fort Wayne Barry Dupen is an Associate Professor of mechanical engineering technology at Indiana University- Purdue University, Fort Wayne (IPFW). He has nine years’ experience as a metallurgist, materials en- gineer, and materials laboratory manager in the automotive industry. His primary interests lie in materials engineering, mechanics, and engineering technology education. He is also an experienced contra dance caller. Page 25.1385.1

Collection

2019 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Tammy Lutz-Rechtin

& professional help and cleanup video 20 Compliance/Import-Export Controls (guest speaker) 21 Principals of research and laboratory In-class design of bio and chemical labs design/Importance of ventilation 22 Tour of lab construction areas and building infrastructure, speak with lab designers 23 Audits: Preparation and Inspections Presentation of EH&S examples 24 Risk Analysis /Standard Operating Procedures Risk assessment homework 25 Reporting Incidences, Accidents, and Near-Misses In-class discussions 26 Electrical /Radiation/ Laser safety

Conference Session

Computers in ME

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Davin Swanson; Christopher Lynch

still others had no experience at all. Oftentimeswhen students were divided into groups of three or four to perform the experiments involving theoscilloscope, the student with the most experience would breeze through the procedures and datacollection, and some of the less experienced students would not adequately understand theoperation of the oscilloscope and how to use it. This handicapped these students in later labs,when the oscilloscope was used to take data and, having been introduced to it in the first lab,there is little to no time designed into the lab procedures for those students to become proficientat operating the oscilloscope.The WebLab was conceived as a tool to familiarize the students with laboratory equipment beforethey enter

Conference Session

Capstone, Undergraduate Research, and Projects in ECE

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ahmed Abul Hussain, Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University; Nizar Tayem, Texas A&M University; Chedly B. Yahya, Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University; Sadiq A. Alhuwaidi, Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University; Jamal Nayfeh, Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

and applied electronics. Dr. Yahya previously served on the faculties of KFUPM, KSA (94-98); Tuskegee Univ., USA (99-2000) and Sharjah Univ., UAE (2003-2009). He taught more than twelve graduate and undergraduate courses and developed several courses and laboratories. Dr. Yahya was a member of technical staff at the Advanced Optical Network- ing Group, Lucent Technologies during 2001 and 2002. He was responsible for designing, testing and evaluating optoelectronic subsystems to support the company telecom business. Dr. Yahya’s research interests include Smart metering and energy conservation; Performance monitoring and optimization of solar PV power systems; Powering Methods for sensors and mobile devices based on

Conference Session

Exploration of Broad Issues and Promotion of Engineering and Technological Literacy

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Carl O. Hilgarth

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

industrial management, financial management, computer technology, and environmental technology, as well as leading seminars in the university’s general education program. Prior to academia, Mr. Hilgarth was employed as as engineer in the aerospace industry in laboratory and flight test development, facilities management, and as a manager in quality assurance. He has contributed papers on management, ground-test laboratory and flight test facilities, and ethics to several technical and professional organizations. In education, he has served as a consultant and curriculum developer to the Ohio Board of Higher Education and the Ohio Department of Education. He holds an M.S. in engineering management from the Missouri

Conference Session

Tech Tools and Tips

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Gustavo O. Maldonado, Georgia Southern University; Shahnam Navaee, Georgia Southern University; Marcel Maghiar, Georgia Southern University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

communicating course expectations to faculty and students,organizing key points of learning throughout the curriculum, and providing assessment of courseperformance. According to the same author, learning objectives can also be a cornerstone forassessment programs designed to meet accreditation criteria [11]. In this paper, the authors arereporting the current course SLOs along with a reflection on the first collected direct and indirectassessment data.Students’ Time and Work Expectations: This 3-credit-hour course requires 4 hours per week forfield data collection, data processing and modeling in a computer laboratory, or preparation of arequired written final product (e.g., report, protocol, reflection on service-learning activity, etc.).In addition

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kendra A. Erk, Purdue University; Jerome Jamal Nash, Purdue University; Hannah K. Woods, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Materials

forces incomparison to the perpendicular specimens. The force applied to the perpendicular specimenswas only resisted by relatively weak van der Waals interactions acting between neighboringpolymer chains, as opposed to the strong covalent bonds within the backbones of the chains.Two methods of activity implementationThis activity was designed by the course instructor (K. A. Erk) and implemented by 1 graduatestudent teaching assistant (TA; J. J. Nash) during a 2-hour laboratory activity with sophomorestudents in materials engineering at Purdue University (44 students total). To determine the mosteffective instructional method, the students were divided into two groups – Group A and B,summarized in Table 2 on the following page.Table 2: Summary

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rick Williams, East Carolina University; Stacy Klein-Gardner; Loren Limberis; Stephanie Sullivan, East Carolina University

newlycreated concentration in bioprocess engineering provides an excellent opportunity to developand implement a novel curriculum based upon proven pedagogical approaches designed toengage the students and improve their mastery of concepts. There are four main objectives ofthis NSF funded (DUE-0737198) Course, Curriculum, and Laboratory Improvement project:utilize proven techniques to develop nine instructional modules for three bioprocess engineeringcourses (three modules per course); develop common themes to integrate subsets of thesemodules between two or more courses, while ensuring portability to other programs; assess theeffectiveness of the instructional modules; and disseminate the results so other programs canincorporate the modules into

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Salvador Mayoral, California State University, Fullerton; Antoinette Sherrise Linton, California State University, Fullerton; Hassan Yousefi, California State University, Fullerton; Jidong Huang, California State University, Fullerton

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

Paper ID #34513Work in Progress: Implementing Elements of Engineering Design intoCalculusDr. Salvador Mayoral, California State University, Fullerton Dr. Salvador Mayoral received his Ph.D. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from the University of California, Irvine in 2013. As a graduate student, Dr. Mayoral worked on the shielding of jet noise by a hybrid wing body aircraft. In 2014, Dr. Mayoral joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering at California State University, Fullerton where he currently serves as an Assistant Professor. As the PI of the Wind Tunnel Laboratory, his research interests span the areas

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Course Innovation II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Waldron, Grand Valley State University; Pramod Chaphalkar, Grand Valley State University; Shabbir Choudhuri, Grand Valley State University; John Farris, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

. Previous work by the authors has focused onimproving the integration of CAE1,2 into mechanical engineering programs. Noble3 writes thatthere is “a need for a broad based individual that is capable of working in an integrated fashion ina team environment.” According to King and Lin4, “Industries need engineers who are versed instreamlining processes from design to planning to manufacturing.” Tsang and Wilhelm5developed a one-credit laboratory to “integrate the disciplines of materials science andengineering, manufacturing and design.” Noble3 also notes that “little is done to provide anysynthesis between the courses.”The goal of this paper is to document efforts to improve the experiences of students working inintegrated design project teams and

Conference Session

Think Outside the Box! K-12 Engineering Curriculum

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University; Debra Gilbuena, Oregon State University; Adam Kirsch, Crescent Valley High School

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

solving and design skills.This type of student engagement is viewed as a national need; legislators have passed theAmerica COMPETES Act,10 part of which mandates the development of instructional programsdesigned to integrate laboratory experience with classroom instruction.To provide a meaningful learning environment and acknowledge the ideals echoed in EducationStandards for years, students must be given the opportunity to engage in problems, to developand provide solutions that are perceived as authentic. Students must be given the opportunity totackle ill-structured problems (as opposed to typical text-book problems); these types ofproblems compel learners to seek knowledge and understanding for themselves. Often they learnthe most through

Conference Session

Teaching Analog and Digital Communication: Novel Ideas for Lecture Courses, Laboratories, and Projects

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bruce E. Dunne, Grand Valley State University; Codie Wilson, Grand Valley State University

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

that they had had a first course in communications4.Topics include the block-diagram level study of the air interface, antenna design,modulation theory, coding theory and an introduction to the supporting protocols.Performance under conditions of interference and techniques to minimize the impact ofinterference are also considered. The laboratory component of the course utilizes amixture of hardware-based experiments using higher-end instrumentation along withMATLAB/Simulink block-level simulation. Experiments include analog and digitalmodulation, antenna design and build, cellular topology, media access control and spreadspectrum techniques.Course Objectives and Topic CoverageCourse ObjectivesThe course objectives are given below. These

Collection

2014 ASEE Zone 1 Conference

Authors

Tamer Abukhalil; Madhav Patil

ASEE 2014 Zone I Conference, April 3-5, 2014, University of Bridgeport, Bridgpeort, CT, USA. UBSwarm: Design of a Software Environment to Deploy Multiple Decentralized Robots Tamer Abukhalil Madhav Patil Robotics, Intelligent Sensing & Control (RISC) Robotics, Intelligent Sensing & Control (RISC) Laboratory Laboratory School of Engineering, University of Bridgeport School of Engineering, University of Bridgeport 221 University Avenue, Bridgeport, USA 221 University Avenue, Bridgeport, USA

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Bryan L. Gassaway; Masoud Rais-Rohani

analysis for predicting the failure load, each student had to fabricate a specimenconsistent with the shape and dimensions specified for each concept. Prior to fabricating thecolumns, the students were introduced to the break forming process, which they had to use tomake each column. They were also given the opportunity to get acquainted with the breakforming equipment in our laboratory by forming several sections of various sizes and shapes.This training gave the students the basic knowledge and some hands-on experience with thesheet metal forming process. Page 5.438.4For design concepts 1 and 2 the failure modes were predicted to be dominated

Conference Session

New Approaches and Applications to Enhance Technological Literacy - Part I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mani Mina, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

,  play,  fail,  redo,  and  have  fun  doing  it.    The  reflective  activities,  and  collaborative  exercises  that  are   based  on  emphasizing  the  main  concepts  would  to  other  classes   2. How  better  understanding  of  the  definitions  can  help  in  practical  experimental,  design,  and  critique   activities.   3. Identify  some  examples/possibilities  where  lack  of  deep  understanding  (of  the  definitions)  can  lead  to   major  design  flaws  and  failures   4. Others….  Each  faculty  and  student  groups  can  add  to  and  enrich  this  list  by  their  research,  experience,   and  projects.    These  activities  need  to  be

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Justeen Olinger; Michael Hutton; Christopher Gretsch Covington; Kathleen Meehan, Virginia Tech; Richard Lee Clark Jr., Virginia Western Community College; Branden McKagen, Virginia Tech; John Harris, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, Virginia TechMr. John Harris, Virginia Tech Page 25.875.1 c American Society for Engineering Education, 2012 Lab-in-a-Box: Techniques and Technologies to Manage Large and Not soLarge Laboratory CoursesA project known as Lab-in-a-Box (LiaB) was developed in 2004 by faculty members in theVirginia Tech (VT) Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Department to improve studentlearning by allowing students to make their own observations on concrete examples offundamental concepts in electrical engineering.1 LiaB is a set of hands-on exercises in whichstudents design, build, and test at home circuits using

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy-Philosophy of Engineering (TELPhe) Division Technical Session 3 / Perspectives on Advances in Promoting Technological Literacy

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sayyad Zahid Qamar, Sultan Qaboos University; Ramanathan Arunachalam, Sultan Qaboos University; Sayyad Basim Qamar, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering

Manager Design; Produc- tion Engineer; Quality Control Engineer). On top of his experience as a researcher/academician, he has been actively involved in research and accreditation work related to engineering education. His technical research areas are Applied materials and manufacturing; Applied mechanics and design; Reliability engi- neering; and Engineering education. As part of the Applied Mechanics and Advanced Materials Research group (AM2R) at SQU, he has been involved in different applied research funded projects in excess of 4 million dollars. He has over 200 research/technical publications to his credit (research monographs/books, edited book volumes, a 5-volume encyclopedia, book chapters, refereed journal

Collection

2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Hunter Dawson Yaple, Gannon University; Ramakrishnan Sundaram, Gannon University; Charles julius Maier, Gannon University

with obstruction (b) Time-stamped RSS data in simulator 9 Proceedings of the 2024 ASEE North Central Section Conference Copyright © 2024, American Society for Engineering EducationAssociated learning outcomes for undergraduate ECE studentsThe undergraduate ECE students are expected to design and test the hardware environment,configure the standalone simulator environment, and finally, integrate the two environments. Thefollowing ABET student outcomes are mapped to laboratory activities based on the integratedWSN.abet_SO_1: Ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex engineering problems by

Conference Session

Technology Integration in the Classroom

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

AC 2008-1546: ANALYSIS OF VERBAL DATA FROM AUTOMATED SYSTEMDESIGN PROBLEM-SOLVINGSheng-Jen Hsieh, Texas A&M University Dr. Sheng-Jen (“Tony”) Hsieh is an Associate Professor in the College of Engineering at Texas A&M University. He holds a joint appointment with the Department of Engineering Technology and the Department of Mechanical Engineering. His research interests include engineering education, cognitive task analysis, automation, robotics and control, intelligent manufacturing system design, and micro/nano manufacturing. He is also the Director of the Rockwell Automation laboratory at Texas A&M University, a state-of-the-art facility for education and research in

Conference Session

Teaching Design

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard Goff; Jeffrey Connor; Jean Kampe

management and student team formation can often make an instructor hesitant toattempt participatory exercises within the confines of a regular classroom and a fifty-minuteclass period. This paper presents our experiences in the design and execution of seven first-yearhands-on activities that incur very minimal expense and that focus on several aspects of theengineering design process. Topics covered in these exercises include: reverse engineering; theconcept of a decision matrix using consumer versus manufacturer viewpoints; design criteriaversus design constraints; and engineering analysis (problem solving, application of scientificprinciples, and log-log graphing). While a major goal of these exercises is to involve thestudents in team-based

Conference Session

ASEE Multimedia Session

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Donald Wilcher

projects that will convey design methods used inindustry to freshman students in a user-friendly manner. Based on the freshman student'sbackground he or she may not be familiar with industrial design practices because of a variety ofreasons: lack of cooperative or internship positions available to first year students or not exposedto electrical laboratory experiments in physics or circuit design and analysis. Therefore, it is themandate of the EC engineering educator to devise innovate methods to illustrate engineeringdesign techniques to the freshman ECE (Electrical-Computer)engineering student withoutoverwhelming them with Calculus or Differential Equations. By using an innovative toy createdby the LEGO TM company as a pedagogical tool for

Collection

2013 GSW

Authors

Mohammed Zubair; Cherif Aissi

an engineer/technologist follows to develop newproducts, and solve challenging problems.It is worthwhile to mention that the learning experience that students gain in an environment thatintegrates team oriented, hands-on learning and engaging them in the design and analysisprocess,  is  a  must  in  today’s  technological  needs. In this paper, a student project to design acomplete automated water heating system is presented. Principles of designing an automated water heater The ultimate aim of this project is to help the reader to design a water heater that heats upthe water to a certain temperature and regulates it according to the user willingness, dependingupon a threshold temperature being set up. The complete