Conference Session

K-12 and Bridge Experiences in Engineering Education

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Matthew T. Stimpson, North Carolina State University; Jerome P. Lavelle, North Carolina State University; Laura Bottomley, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

were able to ensure that the coded data used to establishthematic findings were consistent across participants and not simply an artifact of a singleindividual.As it relates to the first question on how participants used the lab notebooks to record and catalogresearch activities, eight codes were developed. Table 2 provides the codes and correspondingdefinitions.Table 2: Codes and Definitions for RQ1 Code Definition Concerns Issues expressed related to how laboratory activities are proceeding Diagrams Drawings of activities, concepts, and ideas that are related to laboratory activities Directions List of steps to follow in the laboratory Frustrations

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hirak C. Patangia, University of Arkansas, Little Rock

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

attention isgiven to activities of building a new electricity smart grid (ESG). As a nationwide initiative,ESG covers several fundamental issues. In particular, ESG will accommodate all generation andstorage options and optimize its assets and operate more efficiently. An increasing demand fortrained ESG graduates is expected. ESG will enable several renewable energy sources to be fullyutilized. One of the representative types of such energy sources is the solar power. However,ESG must guarantee the power reliability for the 21st century consumers. It has been recognizedas a challenging task to integrate the isolated solar power sites into modern power grids. This ismainly because the solar power generation is dependent on weather conditions and

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 21

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah A. Wilson, University of Kentucky; Ava Kay Huth, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Sara Xochilt Lamer, University of Kentucky; Joseph H. Hammer; Matthew Whitwer, University of Kentucky

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

Paper ID #42507Investigating Perceptions that Predict Mental Health Related Help-Seekingin First-Year Engineering StudentsDr. Sarah A. Wilson, University of Kentucky Sarah Wilson is an assistant professor in the Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering at the University of Kentucky. She completed her bachelor’s degree at Rowan University in New Jersey before attending graduate school for her PhD at the University of Massachusetts.Ava Kay Huth, Iowa State University of Science and Technology Ava Huth is a third-year undergraduate student in materials engineering at Iowa State University.Sara Xochilt Lamer, University of

Conference Session

Difference, Disability, and (De)Politicization: The Invisible Axes of Diversity

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy E. Slaton, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

ifevolving (along narrow criteria) determinations of best practice. Faculty may feel that they donot know how to teach with assistive technologies,27 but I would suggest that the sense of “notknowing” is itself predicated on the a priori idea that unfamiliar inscription formats are just that:essentially unlike those conventionally used in instruction.The issue of cost is an extraordinarily telling matter in all educational interventions. Of courseindividual instructors and departments may feel as if they cannot adjust budgets, and institutionsdo deny resources for all kinds of projects; cost is true problem. But it is one that arises fromvalue systems, not naturally occurring conditions. To use it as the end point of an inquiry aboutinclusion is

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division (ENVIRON) Technical Session 3

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel B. Oerther, Missouri University of Science and Technology; Sarah Hultine Massengale, University of Missouri - St. Louis; Sarah Oerther, Saint Louis University

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering Division (ENVIRON)

be perceived as“distracting” by some students of engineering. This result highlights the importance of futureefforts by more faculty in the program to increase student awareness of and to facilitate freediscussion with students to surface personal bias and pursue for self-improvement in the area ofsocial justice.Comment G represents a useful transition from the examination of comments about the instructorand to begin to focus on comments about the course format. For example, comment G indicatingthat the instructor should “push students harder” is complimentary to Comments L and M, whichsurfaced the concern that the course “lacked depth in engineering”. In general, studentsresponded positively to the blended, flipped, modified mastery

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division (IND) Technical Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Maria A. Cannarozzo Tinoco, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul; Christine Tessele Nodari, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul; Luis Rabelo; Paula Kvitko de Moura, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Arthur Marcon, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul; Angela de Moura Ferreira Danilevicz

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering Division (IND)

. During the testing phase of the methodin the engineering program, the preliminary results demonstrate satisfactory outcomes due toincreased visibility for students, teachers, and course coordination on competencydevelopment during the evaluation stages. However, there is still potential for improvementin the rubrics developed, as well as the adjustment of goals and tools employed. Despite this,faculty engagement in the use of rubrics to assess competency development is still notwidespread. The competency assessment in the university environment is still new in the literature,and few studies address a model that includes assessing and monitoring students' competencydevelopment. The current study provides a theoretical foundation and insights

Conference Session

Professional Development Programs for Teachers

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anant Kukreti, University of Cincinnati; Patricia McNerney, University of Cincinnati; Suzanne Soled, University of Cincinnati; Kelly Obarski, University of Cincinnati; Mingming Lu, University of Cincinnati; Richard Miller, University of Cincinnati; Daniel Oerther, University of Cincinnati; Heng Wei, University of Cincinnati; Thaddeus Fowler, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

continuing from previous year and three new engineeringgraduate Fellows were selected, who were participating in their educational training course. Theteachers interacted with these Fellows to: 1) make them more aware of the Cincinnati PublicSchool system, curriculum, classroom management, and cultural issues; 2) critiquing their micro-teaching lessons; 3) viewing the Fellow teaching portfolios and lesson plans available on theweb; 4) discussing and collaborating on ideas for new hands-on engineering activities for nextyear; 5) working with WebQuest hands-on computer lessons; and 6) searching and planning onpublication and grants with the teachers.Assessment A mixed method employing both quantitative and qualitative data analysis was used

Conference Session

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica R. Deters, Virginia Tech; Marie C. Paretti, Virginia Tech; Christopher Zobel, Virginia Tech; Margaret Cowell, Virginia Tech; Jennifer L. Irish, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

during both the 3-hour research course and 1-hour seminar and were often a majorfocal point in students’ course projects, these issues did not emerge as a major theme across thepost-course concept maps. Some students included vulnerable populations on their concept mapsas something needing attention, and others noted it in their explanations, but its limitedappearance raises new questions for both the research team and the program about strategies tohelp students more effectively integrate these ethical concerns into their conceptualunderstanding. In part, as suggested by the results, concept maps alone may not be a sufficienttool to capture students’ understanding of a domain as complex as DRRM. At the same time, it ispossible that some

Conference Session

Embedded Computing

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Barrett, University of Wyoming; Jeffrey Anderson, University of Wyoming; Jerry Hamann, University of Wyoming; Robert Kubichek, University of Wyoming; Suresh Muknahallipatna, University of Wyoming; John Pierre, University of Wyoming; David Whitman, University of Wyoming; Cameron Wright, University of Wyoming

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

experiences in various engineering fields. For example, students may design and builda digital circuit, study solutions to an environmental issue, test the aerodynamics of a tennisracket or model rocket, fabricate advanced composite materials, or design timber trusses.Laboratory sessions provide basic instruction and give students the opportunity to put new foundknowledge to the test. ESP participants work one-on-one with faculty members and advancedstudents. This one week program is designed to expand student horizons, develop creativethinking and problem solving skills, and challenge imagination [Adapted from 6, reported in 7].”In all three of the pre-college enrichment programs (MSG, HSI, and ESP) students are provideda series of hands on

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Margaret E. Beier, Rice University; Ann Saterbak, Rice University; Megan McSpedon; Michael Wolf, Rice University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Engineering Divi- sion Theo C. Pilkington Outstanding Educator Award. For her contribution to education within biomedical engineering, she was elected Fellow in the Biomedical Engineering Society and the American Society of Engineering Education.Ms. Megan Rose McSpedon, Megan McSpedon is the Associate Director of the Rice Emerging Scholars Program. She has been with the program since it was founded in 2012. Megan received a B.A. in English from Rice University.Prof. Michael Wolf, Rice University Michael Wolf is Professor of Mathematics at Rice University as well as Faculty Director of the Rice Emerging Scholars Program, an initiative he co-founded in 2012. The Rice Emerging Scholars program is a collection of

Collection

2017 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Ashlee N. Ford Versypt

and mass balances, and software to complete their design. Students work in groups andwrite a report summarizing their findings. The activity connects course concepts to real worldapplications and requires students to design their own case studies through exploring the researchand patent literature. These aspects engage students in topics they are interested in whilesimultaneously relieving the burden off of faculty for constructing new projects each courseoffering.IntroductionProblem-based learning and laboratory experiments are common teaching methods for theundergraduate kinetics and reaction engineering courses in chemical engineering (Silverstein2011). However, these approaches typically are concentrated on one course topic at a time

Conference Session

Developing Young MINDS in Engineering, Part II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heidi A. Taboada, University of Texas, El Paso; Jose F. Espiritu, University of Texas, El Paso; Emmanuel Gurrola

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

trainedengineering minority senior, who will serve as a role model and as an information resource tohelp students take full advantage of our university’s services and opportunities [8,9]. The seniorstudent will meet with the cohort at least twice a month. During their meetings, seniors will workwith students to develop their academic skills such as studying from class to class, prepping forlectures, effective use of professors, changing attitudes concerning asking for help and avoidanceof areas of weaknesses [10,11]. The female cohort will receive additional mentoring from femalefaculty to address issues facing entering and succeeding in engineering as a woman whilebalancing professional interests, community engagement, children and partners, and time

Conference Session

It Takes a Village: Engineering Beyond the Classroom

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Elizabeth Litzler, University of Washington; Cate Samuelson, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

support2,9,and they may lack peers, faculty role models and mentors.1 Many students experience feelingdifferent as they adapt to new and different communities; and peers may, intentionally or not,emphasize these differences by pointing out their race.2,9Students’ self-confidence may be undermined by perceptions that white faculty and students seethem as having inferior abilities.1 In fact, minority students often report that they feel like facultyhave lower expectations for them than for other students8, and they may even receive lowergrades as a result.9 This may be exacerbated by the fact that minority engineering students areless likely to interact with faculty than non-minority students.8 In addition, engineeringdepartments often lack minority

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: First-Year Experiences

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Stephanie L. Walkup PE, Villanova University; John Komlos, Villanova University; Kevin A. Waters P.E., Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

previously provided with a common first yearengineering experience that included two Engineering Interdisciplinary Project courses, one eachin their fall and spring terms. While they were directly enrolled in their selected discipline, theywere permitted to freely transfer to a different engineering discipline once admitted. Thisprocess caused imbalance in upper-level courses as students moved between the disciplinesfavoring one or two of the four disciplines each year. In addition, admittance criteria differed forvarious disciplines, and at times, students who transferred to a new discipline were less qualifiedthan other applicants that were not admitted. To maintain a consistent student-to-faculty ratioand a fair admittance policy, Villanova

Conference Session

Early Engineering Design Experiences

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Prins, James Madison University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

ways to increase event visibility.We are considering extending the event into two days; the first day would include judging of thefinancial, environmental, and collaborative elements in the evening, followed by a dinner thatwould allow increased interaction between industry volunteers, faculty, and students. Thefollowing morning would be dedicated to the performance element. This approach would alsoallow us to accommodate more student teams.Since we are a new program, visibility is important to us; to increase visibility for the event andfor our program we intend to solicit greater media coverage. This can also be considered toreflect our confidence that our students can put on a good “show”.ConclusionsWe have established an annual freshman

Conference Session

Design for Community

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Nolan Van Gaalen; Kristin Wood; Carl Erikson; Frank Duda; Matthew Green; Steven VanderLeest

with some guidance fromthe faculty. Teams usually have four members, sometimes all from the same concentration, butoften multidisciplinary in nature. Some teams also work with students in other departments,such as business or computer science.Project Selection. The teams are allowed to choose their own project, and many have alreadyselected a project at the time the class officially begins. The faculty provide suggestions forteams that are looking for a good project. Projects must show significant design, i.e., they cannotbe entirely analytical, nor simply an integration of off-the-shelf parts. Normally a prototypemust be constructed to validate primary aspects of the design. Over the years, many of the teamshave picked a humanitarian design

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Laura Ann Gelles, University of San Diego; Susan M. Lord, University of San Diego

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Materials

Final Straw” that wasfocused on accessibility of straw materials within the disability community. For this module,groups of students considered the unique design needs of a marginalized stakeholder who relieson the material properties of single-used plastic straws (e.g., individuals with strength andmobility issues) to recommend an alternative material for the straw (e.g., paper, metal, silicone).In doing so, they must consider the larger economic, environmental, and social impacts of theirmaterial recommendation, and also consider how engineering design and public policy canunintentionally exclude vulnerable populations. Curricular content (e.g., homework, midtermquestions) as well as researcher reflections were used to assess this module

Collection

2010 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Andrew Grossfield P.E.

intervalnotation, they will find it easy to cut and reassemble pieces of functions. The techniques ofsolving, differentiating and integrating piecewise-defined functions will become obvious. Thepremature computational details involved with the piecewise-defined functions do not clarify thefunction concept.Areas of ConcernMathematics is wonderful. Students must be introduced to that wonder. This study need not beeither a chore or a bore. If faculty cannot demonstrate the wonder, at least let the texts be morestudent friendly. Consider the following areas of concern: tone, language, definitions,organization, strategies, forms and visualizations.Tone: These questions are sensitive but have to be considered if analytical enrollment trends areto be improved

Conference Session

Development Around Diversity

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Daniel Erian Armanios; Sarah Jane Christian P.E., Carnegie Mellon University; Andrea Francioni Rooney, Carnegie Mellon University; Millard L. McElwee, Exponent; Joe Dallas Moore, Carnegie Mellon University; Destenie Nock, Carnegie Mellon University; Constantine Samaras, Carnegie Mellon University; Gerald J. Wang, Carnegie Mellon University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

instructor evaluated the class by evaluating whether student final exam answers includedsocial justice when unprompted, where those exam answers ranked on the Bloom’s Taxonomyscale, student anecdotes, and faculty course evaluations. The preliminary results of thisclassroom redesign are discussed in Section 4.2.8 Engineering and Social JusticeWithin the context in the Introduction, Daniel Armanios spearheaded a new Engineering andSocial Justice offering at Carnegie Mellon University. The aim was to provide a novelorganizational sociological lens to these issues at the nexus of engineering and social justice thatbuilds off of these important preceding pedagogical and research advancements. The classproceeds in four sections.In the first section

Conference Session

EMD Program Design

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Philip Gerhart, University of Evansville; Douglas Ramers, University of Evansville; Greg Rawski, University of Evansville

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

the program became a “bail-out” option for engineering students who werestruggling with technical material or who decided that engineering was not the career of theirdreams. Most of the students entered the program from engineering; almost no students came inthrough business.An opportunity to re-examine the program came with the hiring of two new faculty members,one in Mechanical Engineering and one in Business Administration. A small committee wasformed to study the current program and offer suggestions for improvement. In addition toexamining the program and its students, two external surveys were conducted: one of potential(local) employers and one of other schools which offered degrees in Engineering Management.After completing these

Conference Session

Aerospace Division (AERO) Technical Session 4

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Terry Bristol, Institute for Science, Engineering and Public Policy, Portland State University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace Division (AERO)

there. Princeton historian Gillispie characterizedwhat Leibniz presented as a shift from Statics to Dynamics as a transition in the 17 th and 18thcentury from concern with ‘the science of mechanics to the science of machines (engines)’.Experimental studies of both the winds, aerodynamics, and water, hydrodynamics contributed tothe new understanding of Dynamics. At the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries inthe contributions of Lazare and Sadi Carnot we see Dynamics as the foundation ofthermodynamics, of engineering thermodynamics. Thermodynamics constitutes the most general framework of both the sciences andengineering. Oxford’s Peter Atkins, in his book, The Second Law, pointed out that there are twohistories of

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Luciana Debs, Purdue University Programs; Bhavya Rathna Kota, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering, Construction Engineering

or sociological factors like work environment and having role models andmentors also often influence an individual’s career choice [16]. In fact, many women share thathaving a family member in the construction industry attracted them to a similar field in a studyconducted on women in construction trades [20].However, not all factors have a positive influence. On the issues faced by women inconstruction, 14 of 24 married study participants in Moore’s study [19] raised concerns regardingwork-life balance and having challenges to satisfy the job demand and family responsibilities.With construction industry acknowledging that women workers are the untapped resources,Fielden, Davidson, Gale and Davey [13] conducted focus groups with construction

Conference Session

Engineering Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Gibrán Sayeg-Sánchez, Tecnologico de Monterrey; Miguel X. Rodríguez-Paz, Tecnologico de Monterrey; Darinel Valencia-Marquez, Tecnologico de Monterrey

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

relationships and seeking the co-construction of knowledge [18], [19].Nevertheless, a possible issue is to provide exclusively task-oriented contents, as it potentiallyinhibits the effect on some specific communication skills, and in the application of new acquiredknowledge [20]. In order to avoid this, researchers remark the importance of including a varietyof techniques and strategies in the learning methodologies [21], [22], and the benefit of havingan instructor to stimulate engagement [19].Even asynchronous and synchronous strategies have been thoroughly researched for differentlearning environments, such as distance learning, virtual learning and e-learning; the COVID-19pandemic highlighted that stress is a very important factor in distance

Conference Session

Curriculum Development and Delivery Modes in Nuclear Engineering

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erich Schneider

Tagged Divisions

Nuclear and Radiological

also called upon to explain to policymakers how the systemproduced by this combination of technologies will function. • what will it cost? Would it be competitive and practical? • what is its impact on national and global proliferation concerns? • what is the strategy for handling spent fuel or other waste forms? • what are the downsides? What R&D is needed to get from here to there?As specialists in fuel cycle systems engineering, you have proposed that your countryconsider a new fuel cycle policy. Your government has responded with a request thatyou conduct a ‘systems study’ outlining • the mechanics of your proposed fuel cycle: what are the mass flows of nuclear material

Conference Session

Integrating Taxes, Law, & Business

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Jeannette Russ

investigate realcompanies, real decisions, and even real failures. After completion of the project, the studentscan compare their solution to the historical one and speculate upon how events could have beendifferent. Another aspect of the course that simulates the real world is its cross-disciplinarynature, which introduces students to the challenges of developing a solution that simultaneouslysatisfies criteria in several different areas. In terms of classroom discussions, the World War IIsetting provides an excellent foundation, since many modern industrial engineering practiceshave roots in that era. To build upon this foundation, students are required to presentintermediate progress reports related to specific issues. Preparation for these

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Monica R. Hitchcock; Diane Sherrard; Carol A. Wellington; Steven M. Click

propose a teaching mentoring program. NCSU has a teaching mentoringprograrn.called Preparing the Professorate. This program provides graduate students throughout the universitywith the opportunity to work closely with a faculty member to prepare themselves for developing and teachingcourses in their field. Preparing the Professoriate is a well-respected prograW but is only open to about tenstudents per year. In order to give more engineering students the opportunist y to hone their teaching skills, ourstudent chapter of ASEE decided to propose a similar program within the College of Engineering. This paper describes the process we have used to design and initiate our teaching mentoring program.The current proposal is included in Section 8

Collection

1996 Annual Conference

Authors

Ngo Dinh Thinh; Andrew Banta

students in thedesign ma& them partners in a major undertaking of thedepartment; it expressed cOntl&nce in their abilities.Lastly, in some area, such as connecting the generator tothe campus electrical grid it provided expertise whichdidn’t exist in the faculty. 130th the faculty and thestudenta feel the design process was a positiveexperience.Acknowledgement:This project is supported by the National ScienceFoundation, the Sacramento Municipal Utility District,Pacific Gas and Electric, and the University.References:Koichi, Ito, 1993 “Cogeneration: A Key Technology forEngineering Savings," International Journal of GlobalEnergy Issues, v 5 n 2-4, pg 86-96.SMUD (Sacramento Municipal Utility District), 1995,“1995 Integrated Resource Plan

Collection

2007 St.Lawrence Section Meeting

Authors

Colin Campbell; Steve Lambert; Oscar Nespoli

Waterloo Engineering Design Case Studies Group Colin Campbell, Steve Lambert, Oscar Nespoli University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada (http://design.uwaterloo.ca)1. AbstractIn this paper we provide an overview of the Waterloo Engineering Design Case Studies Group inthe Faculty of Engineering at the University of Waterloo. The mission of the three membergroup (growing to five) is: to develop a culture of learning excellence based on the philosophyof design and the mechanism of cases.The group’s essential goals are to: give engineering students necessary design skills andexperience to design innovative products, foster teamwork and multi

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session I

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katrina Donovan, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Jon J Kellar, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

increase in their knowledge of microscopy. The microscopy modulewas very new in the way it was delivered. That module was a true pilot, and prior to deliveringwe were a bit concerned asthe module required thestudents to observe ceramicsfrom a wide range of lengthsscales (optical to SEM toTEM). Although there wasone negative answer, themodule was deemed asuccess based on theresponses.The biggest positiveresponses from the studentsthat we received was that100% of the students statedthat they would somewhat or Figure 3: Student responses to the A+E program survey provided after completionvery much recommend the of the program.program to a friend.ConclusionThe team at SDM successfully developed a curricular program for high

Conference Session

Virtual and Distance Experiments

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Patrick Tebbe, Minnesota State University-Mankato

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

, and online education. However,there are several well-founded concerns such as the realism of the data and the impact on studentoutcomes. This paper will review the history and several current examples of virtualexperimentation, including the author’s own experience. Use of new laboratory objectives willbe explored to evaluate possible replacement of experiments with virtual versions. Finally,several challenges to the greater adoption of virtual experimentation will be summarized.II. A History of Virtual ExperimentationThe use of experimental procedures and the role of laboratory courses in the engineeringcurriculum have a long, yet somewhat controversial, history. From the founding of the firstengineering school at West Point in 1802 up to