Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Elizandro, Tennessee Technological University; David H. Huddleston, Tennessee Technological University; Y. Jane Liu, Tennessee Technological University; Elizabeth L. Hutchins

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

and Unknown-Risk categories earned grades below C. In addition, thenumber of students in the Category 4 increased from approximately 20 to 122 students between2009 and 2014. For further analysis, At-Risk and Unknown-Risk students are considered as abroader category of at risk students because of the similar profiles.The combination of the first two and last two categories appear to have bimodal metrics forcourse effectiveness. As expected by faculty teaching these classes, there seems to be no adverseeffects from the hybrid course format for the first two categories. However, noise ineffectiveness measurements seem to reflect systemic higher education issues that includeinstitutional mission and resources to sustain the mission. These issues

Conference Session

Inclusivity, Mentorship, and Entrepreneurial Thinking

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heather L. Walker, University of Arkansas ; Edgar C Clausen, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering Division (ChED)

, undergraduates and alumni. Afew of the many examples of successful mentoring are faculty-led programs that helpundergraduates with technical, ethical and professional problems [1]; the creation of graduatestudent communities as mentoring groups [2,3]; the mentoring of new graduate studentinstructors by existing graduate student instructors [4]; undergraduate student mentoring oftransfer students who are new to STEM [5] and residential peer mentoring of early engineeringstudents and at-risk students by upper-level undergraduates [6].In 2021, the Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Arkansas(U of A) created an undergraduate mentoring program using departmental alumni as career pathidentification as well as professional

Conference Session

How We Tackled the Pandemic

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Amir Karimi P.E., The University of Texas at San Antonio; Randall D. Manteufel, The University of Texas at San Antonio; Jose Francisco Herbert Acero, The University of Texas at San Antonio

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

Outstanding Teaching Award and the 2013 UTSA President’s Distinguished Achievement Award for Teaching Excellence, the 2010, 2014, 2018 and 2019 College of Engineering Student Council Professor of the Year Award, 2008 Excellence in Teaching Award for College of Engineering, and 2004- 2005 Mechanical Engineering Instructor of the year award, 1999 ASEE-GSW Outstanding New Faculty Award. Dr. Manteufel is a Fellow of ASME with teaching and research interests in the thermal sciences. In 2015-2016, he chaired the American Society for Engineering Education Gulf Southwest section and in 2018-2019 he chaired the Academy of Distinguished Teaching Scholars at UTSA. He is a registered Professional Engineer in Texas.Dr. Jos´e Francisco

Conference Session

Retention of Minority Students

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Claire Lynne McCullough

Resolve In Science and Math (PRISM), a program funded by the U.S. Department of Education to help students from low income families develop both interest and potential in these fields; and• Bridges to Engineering Science: Teaching Teachers (BESTT), a new grant to develop a program to widen the pipeline to engineering by inserting appropriate engineering science- related content into K-12.Each of the programs discussed can serve as a model for other communities concerned withunder-representation of women, ethnic groups, and socioeconomic sectors in technical careers. Page 8.650.1 Proceedings of the 2003 American Society

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Hasler, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

individual ECE experiments with low cost components outside of a formal laboratoryenvironment. Courses could be redesigned to where hands-on experiments are central to an ECEcourse.Utilizing recorded lecture nuggets (e.g. [1]) repurposes class time for in-class discussion as wellas other activities [2]. Flipped classrooms research shows multiple new uses for traditionalclassroom lecture time [3, 4, 5, 6] with some effective uses of these capabilities [6, 7, 8, 9]. Thestudent reactions to flipped classrooms vary, although often the additional quizes and tests leadtowards some student concerns [10, 11, 12]. These openly available video nuggets developed (4-8minutes, developed and recorded by the author, >250 nuggets) [2] that could be used to

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emmabeth Parrish Vaughn, Austin Peay State University; Steven Warth, Austin Peay State University; Bobette Bouton, Austin Peay State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics and Physics Division (EP2D)

literature review was to identify, categorize, and compare pedagogicaltheories and frameworks behind university-driven, K-12 engineering and physics outreachprograms. This review can act as a guide to future outreach initiative development,implementation, and assessment, especially for new faculty who may feel overwhelmed by thenumber and breadth of outreach programs to review.Using our institution’s library discovery service, 216 articles with the subjects containingoutreach, AND engineer* OR physics, AND theor* OR framework OR model, were screened. Inreviewing these articles, a great number of articles were found that described what was done inan outreach program; fewer described why fundamentally things were done that particular way.Using the

Conference Session

Computers in Education (CoED) Engineering Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Neelam Soundarajan, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Page 23.1391.6and has been the motivation for their use in a wide range of undergraduate programs.Unfortunately, however, a number of authors have reported on the failure of wikis to live up totheir promise of ensuring collaborative learning. Before considering these issues, it may be worthnoting here a minor debate in the literature concerning terminology, specifically the distinctionbetween collaborative learning and cooperative learning. For example, Dillenbourg et al. 31 de-fine cooperation as the division of labor between individuals in carrying out a joint activity, whilecollaboration involves the mutual engagement of the participants in a coordinated effort to solvethe problem. Most other authors also use this same terminology although

Conference Session

Innovative Assessment Techniques in Civil Engineering Courses

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erik R. Wright P.E., United States Military Academy; Joseph P Hanus, U.S. Military Academy

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

. J. (2005). “Information Technology in Civil Engineering Curriculum,” J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract., 129(1), 26–31.6. Clough, G. W. (2000). “Civil engineering in the next millennium.” New Millennium Colloquium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass.7. Bordogna, J. (1998). “Tomorrow’s civil systems engineer—The master integrator,” J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract., 124(2), 48–50.8. United States Military Academy (2008). Mission Statement. Accessed Jan 1, 2008. http://www.usma.edu/mission.asp. Page 24.787.109. Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, USMA (2008). Mission

Conference Session

Undergraduate Research and a Force and Moment Lab

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michelle Audrey Pang, Sandia National Laboratories; Carolyn Conner Seepersad, University of Texas, Austin; Sheldon Landsberger, University of Texas, Austin, Department of Mechanical Engineering

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

rates and the likelihood ofcontinued research participation and higher education. A new initiative at the University of Texasat Austin (UT Austin), the Freshman Introduction to Research in Engineering (FIRE) program,offers a select group of first-year students with an opportunity to participate in semester-long,faculty-sponsored mechanical engineering research and development projects. In addition to theirresearch, students attend bi-monthly lectures that introduce them to various topics in mechanicalengineering and current research in the field, the successes (and roadblocks) in engineeringresearch and how to overcome them, and career opportunities in engineering. An end of semesterposter session allows students to showcase their research

Conference Session

Outcome Assessment, Quality, and Accreditation

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Nilufer Gozacan; Reza Ziarati

, American Society for Engineering Education"• Customers – students/parents that purchase services.• Clients – individuals/organisations which receive services.• Community – people working in the organization.4. Rationale for Consideration of ISO 9000 in Education EnvironmentsThe ISO 9000 systems were developed for the Manufacturing industry. Theirimplementation in the education sectors is relatively new. Different educationalorganisations have translated the terms and items used in the ISO terminology and systemsinto terms and statements that are acceptable to them. Some have gone for fullimplementation 4 and taken steps needed to satisfy the certifying body. Some have only usedthe requirements as guidelines for developing their only

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Technical Session 11

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jorge Paricio Garcia, University of Connecticut; Davis Chacon-Hurtado, University of Connecticut; Daniel D. Burkey, University of Connecticut; Shareen Hertel, University of Connecticut

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

, photochemical aging, possible cracking or corrosion,and the shifting of the soil under the ramp. Additionally, the advisors guided the humanrights student on issues such as considering daily uses and equitable use guidelineslike safety concerns, design appearances, and avoiding stigmatizing users.Ultimately, the team worked heavily on solving the major engineering challenges, andthe wheelchair ramp design fell behind on fully applying sustainable principles beyondchoosing the main construction materials and the design of the main planks. The teammade progress in implementing a CAD prototype ready for 3D printing in scale toconvince local lawmakers to create a physical proof of concept. This traveling modelwould eventually be used to gather momentum to

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division (IND) Technical Session 3

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ekaterina Koromyslova, South Dakota State University; Carrie Steinlicht, South Dakota State University; Miriam Kanini Peter

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering Division (IND)

and engineering professionals. As the technical content increased, thespace for other knowledge and skills has decreased. Many engineering curricula have expandedthe engineering requirements and left little to no room for any other instruction other than theminimum coursework necessary for a university Bachelor of Science degree. In the last 20 years, employers have expressed concerns about the preparation of theirnewest engineering professionals [12]. While they are usually very satisfied with their newengineer’s technical preparation, they are dissatisfied with the ability of those new hires tofunction effectively in a professional environment [13]. Professional skills have long been listedas some of the most important skills

Conference Session

Innovative Methods to Teach Engineering to URMs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gordon W. Skelton, Jackson State University; Qing Pang, Jackson State University; Wei Zheng, Jackson State University; HuiRu Shih, Jackson State University; Tzusheng Pei, Jackson State University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

University Dr. Wei Zheng is an Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering at Jackson State University (JSU). He received his Ph.D. degree in Civil Engineering from University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2001 and has over 10-year industrial experience. Since becoming a faculty member at JSU in 2005, he has made continuous efforts to integrate emerging technologies and cognitive skill development into engineering curriculum. He serves as a freshmen advisor for the First Year Experience Program at JSU and is the Principle Investigator for ongoing CCLI-Phase I Project funded by NSF. He has led the new course module development for CCLI-Phase I project and integrated its implementation in his course at the Department of Civil

Collection

1997 Annual Conference

Authors

Mark A. Shields

projects like the THDP respond to the educational values of the new ABETcriteria and also contribute to ongoing interests in “globalizing engineering education” and Page 2.176.1 1, 2revitalizing the first-year curriculum.Technology and Human Development Project (THDP)The concept of human development encompasses not only improved economic and materialwelfare but also access to the educational and social resources that promote the enhancement ofhuman capabilities in the broadest sense. As part of their coursework in “LanguageCommunication in the Technological Society,” the student-engineer teams conducted in

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Thomas Hauser; Robert Spall

Session Number 1526 Enhancement of Computational Engineering within an Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering Curriculum Robert Spall, Thomas Hauser Utah State UniversityAbstractThe NSF supported Course, Curriculum and Laboratory Initiative (CCLI) project describedherein addresses concerns regarding undergraduate education at research universities as high- 1lighted in the 1998 Boyer Commission Report by incorporating advances in information tech-nology into the curriculum. This has been accomplished by developing an

Conference Session

Nuts and Bolts of Cooperative Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Craig Gunn, Michigan State University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

education.Cooperative Education, Internships, and Experiential Learning, as important as they are, havebeen confined to students in college and more recently to students in high school in varyingdegrees. Institutions across the country have offered the various work-related areas to theirstudents as suggested endeavors or as required activities. There has not been a nationalconsensus to require students, especially in engineering, to gain work-related experience beforethey graduate. The premise of this paper is that professionals in the Cooperative Education,Internships, and Experiential Learning areas; academic administrators; government leaders;faculty; students; and parents should concentrate on a new area of focus. This focus should notbe whether students

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

David Mandeville

working at adistance or when the class size is quite large. This assumes that the students really work as ateam, sharing information and reviewing each other’s work. If one student does all the work, orthe work is parceled out, then both the student and the team may fail to achieve the ultimate goal.InstructionDelivery of the material, as originally structured, was as a classroom lecture of thirty, 75-minutesessions. During the first semester, a slowly decreasing attendance rate throughout the earlypart of the semester was noticed. Exploration of this issue indicated that many of the on campusstudents were electing to study the material at their own convenience. During the secondsemester, this information was shared with the students early on and

Conference Session

Social Justice: Pedagogy, Curricular Reform, and Activism

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rachel Koh, Smith College; Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Lafayette College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

identities, social locations, and values are relevant to thiswork.First author (RSK) is an early-career contingent faculty member at Smith College, a privateliberal arts women’s college with one engineering degree program. They are a white-passing transperson of Chinese and European descent who lives and works on unceded Nipmuc and Pocumtucterritory. They approach this paper from the perspective of a new engineering educator whoseformal training is in mechanical engineering and who aspires to teach towards principles ofcollective liberation from systems of oppression and domination.Second author (JSR) approached this research from the perspective of an engineering educatorwho places a premium on interdisciplinarity and inclusion. She has taught

Conference Session

First Year Programs Division Poster Session: The Best Place to Really Talk about First-Year Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Denise H Bauer, University of Idaho, Moscow

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

enrolled in Math 143 and splitting that group into two wouldallow for more interaction between the students in the class. The main target audience consistedof undeclared, Mechanical, Electrical, and Computer engineering students, but was open to allfirst-year engineering student. These students were actively recruited since they would not betaking an engineering class if they did not enroll in this new course and would have very little ifany direct connection to an engineering faculty member.From the recruitment efforts, thirty-four students were registered for ENGR 204 on the first dayof the Fall 2014 semester; sixteen in the first section and 18 in the second. However, there were afew drops and one add leaving 14 students in the first section

Conference Session

Engineering and Public Policy Division (EPP) Technical Session 1

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Trina L. Fletcher, Florida International University; Simone Nicholson, Florida International University; Christopher Alexander Carr, George Mason University; Tina Fletcher; Brittany Boyd

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy Division (EPP)

takes his ethical stances into conversations around tough issues to make sure all voices are included. In his professional life, Carr has convened numerous diversity leadership forums in STEM education – bringing together over 100 deans and diversity administrators to talk about underrepresented students persistence, diverse faculty recruitment, and creating inclusive campus climates. Carr has also been a champion for access to opportunities for those from historically oppressed groups. He worked to see outreach efforts exponentially expand to Historically Black Colleges and Universities, Hispanic Serving Institutions, and Tribal Colleges and Universities. His efforts transformed the way the National Science

Conference Session

Electrical and Computer Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Phuong Truong, University of California, San Diego; Karcher Morris, University of California, San Diego; Nicholas Stein, University of California, San Diego; Katie Hsieh, University of California, San Diego; Ravi D. Patel; Farnia Nafarifard, University of California, San Diego; Chen Du, University of California, San Diego; Kien Truong Nguyen, University of California, San Diego; Truong Nguyen, University of California, San Diego

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

Paper ID #33518Virtual Technical and Professional Development Program for ECEInternship PreparationMs. Phuong Truong, University of California, San Diego Phuong Truong is currently a fifth year PhD candidate in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at UC San Diego. Following her passion for research and education, she has worked closely with faculty at the Jacobs School of Engineering since 2016 to develop and improve curriculum for ex- periential learning courses. Her areas of focus include experiential learning, curriculum design, outreach program design, and engineering leadership.Dr. Karcher Morris

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathryn A. Neeley, University of Virginia; Bernd Steffensen, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

such a large and unwieldy discourse, it is difficult to get acomprehensive view or deep understanding, though it is very easy to see that the concept appeals   1  to a diverse range of stakeholders. Within this vast literature, for example, it is unclear whether •   formal educational systems can “produce” such individuals; •   it is best to think in terms of T-shaped individuals, groups, organizations, or processes, or in altogether different terms; or •   the T-shaped ideal in technology entrepreneurship is something new versus the latest incarnation of long-standing discussions about the role of non-technical

Conference Session

Innovating Inclusivity: Rethinking Access and Empowerment in STEM Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ioulia Rytikova, George Mason University; Mihai Boicu, George Mason University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

scaffolded learning experiences related to anti-racism, inclusion, andequity (ARIE) for undergraduate students in an information technology program. This redesignis essential for equipping students with ARIE skills in engineering disciplines, as highlighted bythe Joint Statement issued by the American Society for Engineering Education and the EuropeanSociety for Engineering Education [1]. These skills are vital for fostering a more diverse andinclusive environment within the field of technology, enhancing students' ability to navigate andcontribute to diverse workplaces, and promoting social responsibility and ethical leadership. Wepropose a synergistic redesign that integrates ARIE topics with the influence of role modelswithin the course framework

Collection

2024 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Chinmaya Joshi; Clancy Milam; Corbin Russ; Stephen Pierson; Han Hu; Ying Sun

0.0013932 0.0013949 0.0014499 Average 2 Rc,Al-Al (m K/W) 0.0012392 Rc, CP-Al (m2K/W) 0.0016038 2024 ASEE Midwest Section ConferenceFigures 7 and 8 validate the high thermal contact resistance concern and Table 2 confirms andquantifies the thermal contact resistance values. Once the contact resistances are calculated, thedifferences between the theoretical and experimental results can be validated. Another issue thissetup faces is heat loss from the heater, hot side assembly, and sample. The issue can be addressedby using more insulation around the sample and the aluminum blocks.The setup still requires adjustments and updates to account for

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Laboratory Systems

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hassan Rajaei, Bowling Green State University; Mohammad Dadfar, Bowling Green State University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

, Page 12.803.5exceeding the estimated runtime may generate numerous problems.Another issue is how to handle high priority job arrival. If a new job has a higher priority thanthe reserved job in the queue, then the system has two choices: either preempt the existingreservation and reschedule for the new job, or make another reservation for the new jobimmediately after the current reservation without preempting it. There is no simple solution forthis case. Choosing the former may result in starvation again as higher priority jobs maycontinue to arrive, whereas choosing the latter approach is not fair for the high priority jobs astheir requests could be delayed and hence risking not be scheduled on time.3.3 Conservative Backfilling AlgorithmIn

Conference Session

Aerospace Division (AERO) Technical Session 4

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Erik Nelson, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Christine Nicole Nelson; Mason Henry, Iowa State University of Science and Technology

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace Division (AERO)

, and diversity in the differentdisciplines allows the projects to be more successful in achieving their goals.Pedagogical ApproachMake to Innovate began with no real framework, and initially, the program was run as one largeindependent study course. This led to several issues, with the largest concern being that studentswere not learning anything with the program. Assessment in the program’s early days was alsonot well-defined, resulting in the program’s reputation for being an “easy A” course. It was clearthat a better framework and assessment plan was needed for the program to be successful.To achieve our objectives, Make to Innovate employed an innovative and dynamic approach toteaching. We implemented a Project-Based Learning (PBL

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 8: Project-based Learning and Cornerstone Courses

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mike Elmore, Binghamton University; Sharon B Fellows, Binghamton University; Koenraad E Gieskes, Binghamton University; Lee A Cummings, Binghamton University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Paper ID #12116Facilitating Learning With a Project-Based Curriculum That Engages 1st-Year Engineering StudentsDr. Mike Elmore, Binghamton University Dr. Mike Elmore is director of and a visiting associate professor in the Engineering Design Division in the Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science at Binghamton University, State University of New York at Binghamton, NY. He holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Vermont in Burlington, VT, a M.S. in Electrical Engineering from Syracuse University in Syracuse, NY, and a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Binghamton University. He has

Conference Session

Novel Classrooms

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christina Smith, Brown University; Ann Sitomer, Portland State University; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #23749A Graduate Student Pedagogy Seminar in Chemical EngineeringDr. Christina Smith, Brown University Christina Smith is the Assistant Director for Undergraduate Instructional Development at the Sheridan Center for Teaching and Learning at Brown University. She received her PhD from Oregon State Uni- versity and her BS from the University of Utah, both in chemical engineering. Her research focused on how the epistemology of graduate students around teaching and learning interact with and influence the environments in which they are asked to teach. She builds on this work in her new position by teaching a

Conference Session

Equity and Ethics in Engineering-II

Collection

2022 ASEE Zone IV Conference

Authors

James Gordon Walker, Seattle Pacific University, College of Arts and Sciences, Engineering Department; Gina Howe P.E., Seattle Pacific University; Melani Plett, Seattle Pacific University

Tagged Topics

Conference Submission, Diversity

then share these recordings with our industrial advisory board who views thoserecordings in advance of an advisory board meeting. Then, at the meeting, the board interactswith each team to ask them questions that they deem important from their experience andknowledge. Often, the teams have already considered the concern in question. Other times,though, the advisory board member brings new considerations for the team to tackle. Frequentlythese are in the realm of safety, power needs, or alternative ways of accomplishing a project’sfunction. For those teams that have industry partners as customers, they receive an additionalwealth of considerations such as real market forces and the need to execute Intellectual PropertyAgreements. The

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 7: Experiential Learning

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah B. Lee, Mississippi State University; Hunter Lovvorn, Mississippi State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

programming.Figure 3 below reveals an increasein confidence level for students’ability to use computer software. Figure 2. Program Writing ConfidenceStudents were introduced to theSnap! programming interface inclass, but were responsible for installing the necessary components to use the interface on theirlaptops. Many teams reported challenges with getting the Snap! interface working so that theFinch could be programmed, and many reported issues with getting the Finch to behave asintended when the robot’s sensors were used. Teams worked through these issues amongthemselves and sometimes with the guidance of the student mentors. Figure 3. Confidence in Using SoftwareStudents were asked about their confidence in thinking of new