Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Devdas Pai, North Carolina A&T State University; Gukan Rajaram, North Carolina A&T State University; Ricky Lewis, Northeast Guilford High School; Oliver Lewis, North Carolina A&T State University; Cindy Waters, North Carolina A&T State University; Jagannathan Sankar, North Carolina A&T State University

2006-2069: INTRODUCING MATERIALS ENGINEERING CONCEPTS IN A HIGHSCHOOL AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY CLASSDevdas Pai, North Carolina A&T State University DEVDAS M. PAI is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at NC A&T State University and Associate Director of the Center for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures. He teaches manufacturing processes and tribology related courses. A registered Professional Engineer in North Carolina, he serves on the Mechanical PE Exam Committee of the National Council of Examiners for Engineers and Surveyors and is active in several divisions of ASEE and in ASME.Gukan Rajaram, North Carolina A&T State University GUKAN RAJARAM is a PhD student in the Department

Conference Session

ASEE Multimedia Session

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Brandon Muramatsu; Flora McMartin; Joseph Tront

challenges in selecting the appropriateresource. The contents of digital collections vary widely and often do not contain a means forfaculty to learn how best to make use of them (though various support structures are underdevelopment by participants in the National Science, Math, Engineering and TechnologyEducation (SMETE) Digital Library program). Many of the digital learning materials do notinclude instructor’s guides, training for faculty, or assessment information on the impact of thematerials on student learning. Moreover, the introduction of new instructional methods into theclassroom may be hampered by technical issues (lack of equipment or bandwidth), the need tore-design course materials, and inadequate guidance in aligning learning

Conference Session

Design Pedagogy

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Xinyue (Crystal) Liu, University of Toronto; Yasaman Delaviz, York University; Scott Ramsay, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Paper ID #34228Providing Meaningful Hands-on Design Experience in the Remote-learningEnvironment with a Miniature Mechanical Testing KitMiss Xinyue (Crystal) Liu, University of Toronto Crystal Liu is a graduate student at the University of Toronto in the department of Materials Science and Engineering. Her research focuses on engineering design and education. She obtained her BASc in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Toronto in 2019. She has worked in product development and is interested in application of technology and design in engineering education research.Dr. Yasaman Delaviz, York University Yasaman Delaviz

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 6: Hands-on Projects and Spatial Skills

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Ocif Love, Northeastern University; Susan F Freeman, Northeastern University; Kris Jaeger-Helton, Northeastern University; Richard Whalen, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Education, 2015 No Lab? No Shop? No Problem: Intentional Design of a First Year Engineering Learning Center with Enlightening OutcomesAbstractIn Fall 2013, the First Year Engineering Program at Northeastern University opened a new 1600ft2 Learning Center that was designed to provide first-year engineering students with: (1) acollaborative teaching and learning space that fosters communication, teamwork, applied activelearning and self-directed learning, (2) a dedicated workshop setting with accessible hand toolsto facilitate their hands-on design projects, (3) a central office and meeting location in which toengage with their first-year instructors for office hours, extra help and advising, and (4) anacademic resource and community

Conference Session

Self-efficacy and Emotion: ERM Roundtable

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ellen L Usher, University of Kentucky; Natasha Aniceto Mamaril, University of Illinois ; Caihong Li, University of Kentucky; David Ross Economy, Clemson University Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Marian S. Kennedy, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Department of Materials Science and Engineering D. R. Economy is currently a doctoral candidate within the Clemson University Department of Materials Science & Engineering and completed his certificate in Engineering & Science Education in 2013. He has completed his M.S. in Materials Science & Engineering and B.S. in Ceramic & Materials Engineering both at Clemson University. His current research interests include reliability of metallic coatings, small- scale mechanics in multicomponent systems, and student motivation in engineering classrooms.Prof. Marian S. Kennedy, Clemson University M.S. Kennedy is an Associate Professor within the Department of Materials Science & Engineering at Clemson

Conference Session

Integrating Mathematics, Science, and Engineering

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Quintanilla, University of North Texas; Nandika D'Souza, University of North Texas; Jianguo Liu, University of North Texas; Reza Mirshams, University of North Texas

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

AC 2007-1878: INTEGRATION OF ENGINEERING CONCEPTS IN FRESHMANCALCULUSJohn Quintanilla, University of North Texas Associate Professor, Mathematics Department PhD, Princeton UniversityNandika D'Souza, University of North Texas Associate Professor of Materials Science and Engineering Department PhD, Texas A&M UniversityJianguo Liu, University of North Texas Associate Professor Mathematics Department PhD, Cornell UniversityReza Mirshams, University of North Texas Professor Reza Mirshams is Associate Dean of Engineering for Academic Affairs at the University of North Texas. Dr. Mirshams has degrees in Industrial Metallurgy and Metallurgical Engineering in the area of mechanical behavior of

Collection

2017 ASEE Mid Atlantic Section Spring Conference

Authors

Mohsen Mosleh, Howard University; Mark Clement Joseph Thom, Howard University

2017 ASEE Mid Atlantic SectionSpring Conference: Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland Apr 7 Paper ID #20864Design-Build, Project-Based Learning in an Engineering Materials Labora-toryDr. Mohsen Mosleh, Howard University Dr. M. Mosleh is a Professor of mechanical engineering, a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), an author and inventor, and the Campus representative for the American Society of Engineering Education at Howard University. His research area is surface and interface science and engineering with a focus on energy and manufacturing applications. Dr. Mosleh received his Ph.D

Conference Session

DSA Technical Session 7

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Isil Anakok, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Kai Jun Chew, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach; Holly M Matusovich, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Andrew Katz, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Topics

Data Science & Analytics Constituent Committee (DSA)

future strategies to investigate future strategies andpolicies for integrating GAI into engineering education, paving the way for a more informed andadaptive approach to technology in assessment.7. AcknowledgmentWe thank all research participants who shared their time and experiences with us. This material isbased upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. 211363.Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this material are those ofthe authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF.References[1] T. K. F. Chiu, “The impact of Generative AI (GenAI) on practices, policies and research direction in education: a case of ChatGPT and Midjourney,” Interact. Learn. Environ., vol

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicole Johnson-Glauch; Mohsen Kivy, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Emily Haykoupian, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

, which are detailed in the curriculum section below.Despite materials selection being useful to problems in many engineering disciplines, it is nottaught as part of the engineering design process, nor has design thinking been studied whenmaterials selection is part of the design project. Thus, our research question for this study is:What are the range of ways that students engage in the engineering design process when designprojects include materials selection?CurriculaWe collected data from two hands-on design projects that were created by undergraduatematerials engineering students. The materials for a shoe insole lab was designed by a seniorproject team in Fall 2020 and the materials for a plaster-based composite was designed by asummer

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Arnold, Alma High School, Alma, MI; Ze Zhang; Tolga Kaya, Central Michigan University; Bingbing Li, Department of Chemistry, Science of Advanced Materials Doctoral Program, Central Michigan University ; Qin Hu, Central Michigan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

position in the School of Engineering and Technology and the Science of Advanced Materials program at Central Michigan University (CMU). Prior to joining CMU, Dr. Kaya was a post-doctorate associate at Yale University from 2007 to 2010 and a research and teaching assistant at Istanbul Technical University in Instanbul, Turkey from 1999 to 2007. He was a consultant at Brightwell Corp. in 2007, and a senior VLSI analog design engineer and project coordinator at Microelectronics R&D Company from 2000 to 2006. Dr. Kaya was a visiting assistant in research at Yale University from 2004 to 2005. Dr. Kaya received B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electronics Engineering from ITU. His research interests in electrical

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Technical Session 14

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

D'andre Jermaine Wilson-Ihejirika P.Eng., BrainSTEM Alliance

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education

opportunity to be empowered by Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM). Resource Exchange – Handout Title: Teaching ‘Diversity in Design’ and the Design Thinking Process through hands-on in-classroom prototyping Target Grade Level: 6-8 Target Age Range: 11-14 Expected Time-Frame 2 hours Learning Objectives: Design Thinking, Engineering Design, Diversity Author Website: www.brainstemalliance.comActivity SummaryThis activity is designed to introduce the design thinking process, while also allowing fosteringawareness of the importance

Conference Session

Mid Atlantic Papers

Collection

2017 Mid-Atlantic Section Fall Conference

Authors

Mohsen Mosleh, Howard University; Khosro A. Shirvani, State University of New York, College of Technology at Farmingdale

Tagged Topics

Mid-Atlantic Section Fall Conference

Paper ID #20974Design, Build, and Test Projects in an Engineering Materials LaboratoryDr. Mohsen Mosleh, Howard University Dr. M. Mosleh is a Professor of mechanical engineering, a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), and an author and inventor. His research area is surface and interface science and engineering with a focus on energy and manufacturing applications. Dr. Mosleh received his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He has extensively published in journals and conferences and produced patents. He is also the founder and director of the Surface Engineering and

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Richard Gilbert; Andrew Hoff, University of South Florida; Eric Roe, Hillsborough Community College; Marilyn Barger, Hillsborough Community College

used to engender an interest in pursuingtechnology, engineering, or science related careers by providing students with connectionsbetween everyday examples of technology and their underlying science as part of the normalstate mandated science instruction. Also, HSTI modules augment the high school sciencecurriculum with technology content material that is standards based, has a positive impact on Page 10.716.3students, is attractive to the science and mathematics teacher, and is an effective, efficient and Proceedings of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition

Conference Session

Technical Issues in Arch Engineering

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Carol Diggelman; Michael McGeen

, asphalt, plastics). Each material has unique origins, chemistry, properties,standards, construction industry applications and trade associations, which are included inthis introduction. A secondary goal is to incorporate more materials science content foreach material, giving students a better foundation in scientific principles andunderstanding of physical and chemical properties, which determine the behavior ofmaterials in practice. A third goal is to ensure that AE&BC Department faculty can counton a foundation of fundamentals for subsequent upper-level courses.Laboratory componentMSOE has a tradition of hands-on engineering education with a strong emphasis onlaboratories in all of our programs. That emphasis was to be continued in the new

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering: Assorted Topics

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raghu Echempati, Kettering University

based on one of the term projects of a mezzanine levelmechanical engineering (ME) elective course on Lightweighting and Joining of Structures. The11-week duration class (including the final exam week) at Kettering University consisted of bothsenior undergraduate and graduate ME students. The prerequisites for the course includemechanics, CAE, design, material science and finite element analysis (FEA). For the analysiscarried in this paper, the currently used all-steel railcar truck stand has been redesigned andmodeled as a simplified 3D space frame using standard tubular (pipe section) members.Although the simplified model does not represent in any way the actual stand used in the railcarindustry, it is anticipated to serve the same purpose as

Conference Session

Integrating Mathematics, Science, and Engineering

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shane Palmquist, Western Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

weredeveloped based on moment area theorems, which are more fundamental in the understanding ofstructural analysis than the conjugate beam method. Another shortcoming of the textbook wasthe lack of colored figures and diagrams. Nearly all of the figures, examples, and text were inblack, white, or some shade of blue. Many textbooks in engineering are multicolored withcolored photographs, which brings life to much of the content of the course. However, despitethese pitfalls, the textbook is of significant value. Students can readily read the material and beable to apply the methodology to the problem at hand.In general, the majority of engineering textbooks encourage number crunching as the primarymethodology for problem solving. Read the problem, set-up

Conference Session

Design in the Engineering Core

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Mark Palmer

., Schadler L.S., Palmer M.A., Moore J.A.: Teaching Freshman Chemistry and Materials Science in an Interactive Studio Mode; Education Symposium TMS Spring 1998 Meeting.15. Ambrose S. A.: Reframing our Views on Teaching and Learning; Education Symposium TMS Spring 1997 Meeting.16. Rogers G. M., Sando J. K.: Stepping Ahead-An Assessment Plan Development Guide; Rose- Hulman Institute of Technology with Support of the Foundation Coalition (National Science Foundation Grant EEC-9529401) ©1996.17. Sheppard S., Johnson M., Leifer L.:A Model for Peer and Student Involvement in Formative Course Assessment; Journal of Engineering Education, ©1998, pp. 349-354.Biographical InformationMark A. Palmer is

Conference Session

Pedagogy in Chemical Engineering Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sidney Stone, The University of Toledo; Breanne Crockett; Kevin Xu, The University of Toledo; Matthew Liberatore, The University of Toledo

) Laboratory. Prior to that, he held industry research positions at Technicolor and 3M. His main research interests are in machine learning and network science with applications to human dynamics, health care, education, and wearable computing.Matthew W Liberatore (Professor) Matthew W. Liberatore is a Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Toledo. He earned a B.S. degree from the University of Illinois at Chicago and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, all in chemical engineering. From 2005 to 2015, he served on the faculty at the Colorado School of Mines. In 2018, he served as an Erskine Fellow at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand. His

Conference Session

Design Teams 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Taylor Tucker, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

Collaborative Problem Solving,” in Making a Difference—Prioritizing Equity and Access in CSCL: The 12th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, 2017, B.K. Smith, M. Borge, E. Mercier, K.Y. Lim (Eds). Philadelphia: The International Society of the Learning Sciences.[6] T. Tucker, S. Shehab, and E. Mercier, “The Impact of Scaffolding Prompts on the Collaborative Problem Solving of Ill-Structured Tasks by Undergraduate Engineering Student Groups,” in The 127th ASEE Annual Conference, 2020. Montreal (virtual): The American Society for Engineering Education.[7] Y. Sipos, B. Battisti, and K. Grimm. “Achieving transformative sustainability learning: Engaging head, hands and heart

Collection

2011 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Kauser Jahan

displays stating “ENGINEERS on WHEELS”. Students setup their activitiesaround this van for their audience. Activities lending to the sustainability theme includesamples from all engineering disciplines. Brochures and pamphlets are also available atthese demonstrations. Hands on activities include drinking water treatment, lip-glossprocessing, use of solar and wind power, bridge building, flight simulations, use of a humangyroscope, making clouds in a bottle, launching a soda bottle rocket etc. 392. Some of the images of our activities are presented below:The activities are typically very visual and of short duration (no more than 10-15 minutes).Materials used are also cost effective and readily available

Conference Session

Materials and Manufacturing Processes

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Mark Palmer

Joining of Materials - An Upper Level Undergraduate Course in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering A Progress Report Mark A. Palmer Associate Professor of Manufacturing Engineering Kettering UniversityAbstractAn upper level undergraduate course: Joining of Materials, has been designed to require thatstudents perform at the higher level of Bloom’s Taxonomy1. Students are required to synthesizethe subject matter from several prerequisite core engineering courses (applied materials science,thermal sciences, chemistry, and mathematics) in order to best determine the means to join

Conference Session

Integrating Hands-On Technology and Project-Based Learning in Engineering Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei Wu, Berea College; Scott Heggen, Berea College; Emmaley Clare Powell; Oussema Khlifi; Trayvion Jalan Newton

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer Engineering Division (ECE)

electronics.Scott Heggen, Berea College Dr. Scott Heggen serves as an Associate Professor of Computer Science and Chair of the Computer Science department at Berea College. Much of Dr. Heggen’s interests have focused on embedded systems, in particular, how can Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and similar embedded computing devices, coupled with sensors and logic, be used in socially-aware and socially-relevant contexts. Dr. Heggen also leads the Student Software Development Team, a cohort of labor students who are hired through the Berea College Labor Program to develop software solutions to support various departments on campus. The software team is responsible for the entire software engineering lifecycle, from initial design and

Conference Session

Novel Upper-Level Materials Curricula

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Rajiv Asthana; Richard Rothaupt; Danny Bee

manufacturing engineers. The objective of this course is to gain a general workingknowledge of the theory and practice of metal casting, powder metallurgy (PM) and ceramicforming. The objective is realized through a combination of traditional lectures, problem solvingusing engineering theory, and selected hands-on activities to reinforce a basic understanding ofthe processes. The principal PM lab activity is a study on the densification behavior of sinteredceramics, that is performed on a one- or two-week rotation cycle in a cooperative manner bystudent teams. Data are shared between teams, independently analyzed by each team, andpresented in a written report that must also interpret the data in light of the theoreticalknowledge. The activity is

Conference Session

DSA Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ben D Radhakrishnan, National University; James Jay Jaurez, National University; Nelson Altamirano, National University

Tagged Topics

Data Science & Analytics Constituent Committee (DSA), Diversity

-making, is one of the critical ways practical labs and hands-on experience can be facilitated (Desha et al., 2007). Creating a toolset for educational andprofessional environments requires utilizing principles related to force sustainability andanalytical tools that are specifically matched with data analysis. To demonstrate and facilitate theengineering management student experience, the researchers utilized foundational tools likeExcel, tableau, and Orange and sophisticated experiments using IBM Watson.Excel serves as a significant touch point for graduate students in analyzing data on sustainabilityconcepts. It also offers a platform for statistical viewpoints and a practical bridge to decision-making. Engineering management students could

Conference Session

Energy Conversion, Conservation and Nuclear Engineering Division (ECCNE) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Camille S. Levine, University of Maryland; Samantha Ellen Wismer, University of Maryland ; Ryan Painter; Katrina Groth, University of Maryland

Tagged Divisions

Conservation and Nuclear Engineering Division (ECCNE), Energy Conversion

Paper ID #42436Development of an Interactive, Game-Based Nuclear Science Museum Exhibiton Probabilistic Risk AssessmentCamille S. Levine, University of Maryland Camille Levine is a graduate student in the SyRRA Lab pursuing her Ph.D. in Reliability Engineering. She graduated from the University of Maryland in 2021 with a bachelor’s in Mechanical Engineering with a minor in Project Management. Her research focuses on enhancing the causal basis behind current human reliability analysis methods. She has also worked on human reliability analysis for external hazard probabilistic risk assessment, particularly in nuclear power

Conference Session

Descriptions of Outreach Programs

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kauser Jahan, Rowan University; Krishan Kumar Bhatia, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

c American Society for Engineering Education, 2011 ENGINEERS ON WHEELSIntroductionThere is a growing concern among educators that the science and mathematics knowledge of K-12 students needs to be made exciting and relevant [1-3]. Most school districts are faced withfinancial constraints especially in providing students enriching experiences via field trips andteachers with opportunities for educational workshops for STEM (Science TechnologyEngineering Mathematics) exposure. As such there is a dire need to reach out to the teachersand students on site to offer exposure to STEM careers via innovative hands on learningactivities. One such way would be to take engineering workshops onsite to school districts

Conference Session

Best of Computers in Education Division

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Darren K Maczka, Virginia Tech Department of Engineering Education; Jacob R Grohs, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

theinstructional method, but not part of the task at hand. For instance, if the educational goal is tocomplete a programming task, but learners must search and interpret reference material in orderto do so, the search and interpretation of this material would be considered extraneous cognitiveload. Finally, germane cognitive load is also a result of the instructional design, but unlikeextraneous load, germane load enhances the learning process. For instance, if a learning goal isthat students are able to navigate and use reference material, than the previous example would beconsidered germane cognitive load. What this example highlights is that whether complexity dueto the instruction design is extraneous or germane depends on the specific learning goals

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacquelyn Kelly, Arizona State University; James Corkins, Arizona State University; Dale Baker, Arizona State University; Amaneh Tasooji, Arizona State University; Stephen Krause, Arizona State University

constructivist theory and issues of equity. Her research focuses on issues of gendeAmaneh Tasooji, Arizona State University Amaneh Tasooji, Arizona State University Amaneh Tasooji is an Associate Research Professor in the School of Materials at ASU and has been teaching and developing new content for materials science and engineering classes and laboratories. She has developed new content and contextual teaching methods from here experience as a researcher and General Manager at Honeywell Inc. She is currently working to develop new assessments to reveal and address student misconceptions in introductory materials engineering classes.Stephen Krause, Arizona State University Stephen Krause, Arizona

Conference Session

Arduinos, Microcontrollers, Inexpensive Robotics, and Other Tech Bytes

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kimberly Grau Talley P.E., Texas State University, San Marcos

Tagged Divisions

Two Year College Division

AC 2012-3343: HANDS-ON PROJECT-BASED LEARNING ON A SHOESTRINGBUDGET: YOU DON’T HAVE TO BUY A ROBOTICS KITDr. Kimberly Grau Talley P.E., Texas State University, San Marcos Kimberly G. Talley is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Technology at Texas State University, San Marcos, and a licensed Professional Engineer. She received her Ph.D. and M.S.E. from the University of Texas, Austin, in structural engineering. Her undergraduate degrees in history and construction engineering and management are from North Carolina State University. Talley teaches courses in the construction science and management program, and her research focus is in active learning and project-based learning in engineering and

Conference Session

Hands-on Activities and Student Learning in Aerospace Engineering - II - Student Papers

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tracy L. Yother, Purdue Polytechnic Institute; Cooper G. Burleson, Purdue University; James M. Thom, Purdue University; Brian Kozak, Purdue Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

laboratory; an expert in thepractical application of a science; a person skilled in the technique of an art or craft [3]. For thisstudy technician is defined as a person with the direct, applied, hands-on skills, and knowledge ata highly "vocational" or "craftsman" level. The technician may have vocational certifications andpossibly a two-year college degree.Engineering technologist per the American Heritage Dictionary is “a person who uses scientificknowledge to solve practical problems [4]. According to ABET “... engineering technologyprograms stress current industrial design practices that allow students to start developingpractical workplace skills [5].” For this study the technologist is defined as a person with someeducation or training in