Conference Session

NEE 2 - Strategies to Improve Teaching Effectiveness

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joanna Wright, University of Washington; Lauren N. Summers, University of Washington; Denise Wilson, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

things do not go as expected [24] and topersist with students through difficulty, for example by asking students questions to guide themtoward an answer rather than proceeding to another student or another question [39]. Teacherswith high levels of TSE tend to put greater effort into teaching in areas in which they feel strong;this creates a positive feedback loop by which “greater effort and persistence […] leads to betterperformance (a new mastery experience), which in turn leads to greater efficacy” (p.3) [40]. In astudy of special education teachers and consultants at the elementary school level, participantswith high TSE were more likely to be confident and enthusiastic in their teaching [41]. In anumber of K-12 settings, high TSE has been

Conference Session

Issues in Multidisciplinary Programs

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Ted Thiede; James Hereford

concerned with organization of the lab and want to be confident that they will be able to obtain meaningful results in a reasonable period of time.c. Multiple work stations. Equipment that is sufficiently inexpensive to allow for multiple stations is preferable for two reasons. Multiple stations allow students to have access to the laboratory experience as individuals or pairs, requiring greater involvement. The alternative to this might also mean that students would have to cycle through the station, requiring students and faculty to reschedule their work. At MSU the lack of a graduate program and the course pre-requisites make use of an undergraduate lab assistant problematic. The second reason that multiple stations are preferred

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 22

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohammad Faraz Sajawal, University of Oklahoma; Javeed Kittur, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

responses to a wide range of prompts and questions. ChatGPT wasdeveloped through a process called machine learning, which trains an algorithm with a largedataset of text data (Azaria, 2022). For ChatGPT, the algorithm was created with text data fromthe internet, composed of articles, books, and other sources of written languages. This processalong with natural language processing (NLP) and deep learning has helped the algorithm to trainand learn patterns in language and develop the ability to generate human-like responses (Jiao etal., 2023).ChatGPT was originally designed for use by developers, researchers and organizations buildingservices and applications requiring NLP capabilities. ChatGPT can be used by anyone who wantsto communicate or find

Conference Session

Computers in Education 2 - Programming 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Xueyi Bao, Notre Dame University; Jun Han, University of Notre Dame; Chaoli Wang, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

software frame-work [8], domain-specific language [5], and visualization education [20, 10]. However, there is a lack of educationaltools for teaching and learning scientific visualization (SciVis). Unlike InfoVis, which handles non-spatial data likenode-link diagrams, SciVis deals with 3D spatial data that needs more complex visualization and rendering techniquesstemming from computer graphics. One important area in SciVis is volume visualization (VolVis), of which primarytechniques, such as direct volume rendering (DVR) and isosurface rendering (IR), are nontrivial to implement andchallenging to learn. Usually, these techniques are taught by instructors through orally explaining concepts and def-initions, drawing diagrams and illustrations, and

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division: Student Success

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ann-Marie Vollstedt, University of Nevada, Reno

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

the conduct office.The financial planning program office provides a session on financial literacy for students.Students are given money management tips, tools, and resources to set them up for financialsuccess both in college and beyond. The office speaks with students about debt and masteringfinances so students have the flexibility to invest in their education and contribute to theircommunity’s economic stability.Program EvaluationThis program is assessed through evaluation of university demographics and retention data,student first-year grade point averages, first semester math course grades, ENGR 100 grades, andsurveys distributed at the end of the program. In 2016 and 2017, surveys were distributed onlineby the Provost’s office and the

Conference Session

FPD 11: Culminating Considerations

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Silvia Husted, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Judith Virginia Gutierrez; Nelly Ramirez-Corona, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Aurelio Lopez-Malo, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Americas Puebla

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

of these three skills is very important.2. Knowledge. On the one hand, one needs to know enough about a field to move it forward. One cannot move beyond where a field is if one does not know where it is. On the other hand, knowledge about a field can result in a closed and entrenched perspective, resulting in a person’s not moving beyond the way in which he or she has seen problems in the past. Knowledge thus can help, or it can hinder creativity.3. Thinking styles. Thinking styles are preferred ways of using one’s skills. In essence, they are decisions about how to deploy the skills available to a person. With regard to thinking styles, a legislative style is particularly important for creativity, that is, a preference for

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Gregory Watkins; Ambrose Barry; Nan Byars

Teaching Computer Competencies to Today’s Computer Age Students Gregory K. Watkins, Nan A. Byars, Ambrose G. Barry William States Lee College of Engineering The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte, NC 28223AbstractThe Engineering Technology (ET) department at UNC Charlotte began offering the first twoyears of its BSET curriculum in the fall semester 2004, having previously been exclusively a“two plus two” program. Although much of the first two years includes basic studies in English,math, and physics, the department has chosen to teach its own freshman level class in computercompetency.The goal of ETGR 1100

Collection

2007 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Behnam Bahr; Kurt Soschinske; George Gray

the help of initial National ScienceFoundation funding and supplemental outside agency funding5. At Harvard new students in theMechanical Engineering department are introduced to mechanical engineering through anapplied product design development project6. To complete the projects students are introducedto initial engineering science and design concepts, 3-D modeling, as well as prototypedevelopment using manual and CNC machining. At Purdue ME students learn integrated design,development and manufacturing experience through construction of a brass hammer with awooden handle, or an aluminum cardholder7. Various manufacturing methods are introduced indevelopment of the hammer, including drilling and milling brass hexagonal block to create

Collection

2017 ASEE Mid Atlantic Section Spring Conference

Authors

sunil Dehipawala, Queensborough Community College; Vazgen Shekoyan; Rex Taibu, Queensborough Community College-CUNY; George Tremberger Jr, CUNY-Queensborough Community College; Tak Cheung, CUNY Queensborough Community College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

at 8.4 m/sIf Deduction1 is true, then Deduction2 must be true (due to logic)Science Induction1 or Generalization Thinking1 (Converse)If ball entered basket, then it was thrown at 8.4 m/sScience Induction2 or Generalization Thinking2 (Inverse) Spring 2017 Mid-Atlantic ASEE Conference, April 7-8, 2017 MSUIf ball did not enter basket, then the ball was not thrown at 8.4 m/sIf Induction1/Generalization1 is correct, then Induction2/Generalization2 must be true (due tologic).The explicit use of deduction and induction would help a student to sort through these logicalcondition situations and eliminate logical inconsistency in writing.It has been said that “Education Is What Remains After You Have Forgotten Everything YouLearned In

Conference Session

Ocean and Marine Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carlos Efrén Mora, La Laguna University; Jorge Martin-Gutierrez, Universidad de La Laguna; Beatriz Añorbe-Diaz, Universidad de La Laguna; REYES CARRAU MELLADO, Universidad La Laguna; Antonio González Marrero, University of La Laguna

Tagged Divisions

Ocean and Marine

between horizontal and vertical skillsdepending on the involved stakeholders referred. On one hand, classification societies,consultants, offshore industries and equipment manufacturers usually approach candidatesowning a more vertical competences profile; on the other hand, ship operators and navalauthorities commonly prefer candidates with a wider and more horizontal profile.These requirements by the environment where future graduates will have to evolve cannot besatisfied through a traditional learning scheme, focused on the teacher, through a one-wayknowledge stream. In our opinion, the solution to this requires the combination of activelearning environments with suitable technologies which may grant an easier access toknowledge, and also

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship Courses and Outcomes II

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica R. McCormick, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Beverly Radloff, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Nancy Lamm, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Terri L. Talbert-Hatch, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

programs; however little has been focused on dual degree programs inengineering and non-technical fields. These dual degree programs produce engineering graduateswho are well rounded and can function in the society of today and the future. One aspiration forthe future education of engineers published by the National Academy of Engineering [NAE]states, “We aspire to engineers in 2020 who will remain well grounded in the basics ofmathematics and science, and who will expand their vision of design through a solid groundingin the humanities, social sciences, and economics.”9Through the incorporation of traditional engineering coursework and a strong background in theliberal arts, students become attractive candidates to employers. Employers are

Collection

2014 ASEE Zone 4 Conference

Authors

Armineh Noravian; Patricia Irvine

. Characteristics of recent science and engineering graduates: 2008. (2012).8. Noravian, A. (In review). How do well-structured projects influence the identities of technology students in community college? Journal of Technology Education.9. Jonassen, D. H. Instructional design models for well-structured and ill-Structured problem-solving learning outcomes. Educ. Technol. Res. Dev. 45, 65–94 (1997).10. McLoughlin, L. A. in Eng. Soc. Justice - Univ. Beyond (Baillie, C., Pawley, A. L. & Riley, D.) 123– 142 (Purdue University Press, 2012).11. Strutz, M. L., Orr, M. K. & Ohland, M. W. in Eng. Soc. Justice - Univ. Beyond (Baillie, C., Pawley, A. L. & Riley, D.) 143–156 (Purdue University Press, 2012).12. National

Collection

2021 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Meeting

Authors

Donna M. Schaeffer, Marymount University; Jillian Drake, Marymount University

ethicalconsiderations, as well as cybersecurity issues, regardless of their scope and scale. Theexploitation of cybersecurity vulnerabilities are often result from ethical omissions or oversights.Just as engineers respect engineering professional ethics, so must citizens who participate incrowdsourcing or open innovation endeavors which solicit, gather or process data.1.1 Crowdsourcing “Crowdsourcing”, a term first coined by Wired Magazine editors Howe and Robinson in2005, conceptualizes the concept of outsourcing a task or project from an internal source to alarge network of people who are engaged through an open call [12]. One of the first recordedexamples of crowdsourcing was when in 1714 the British Government offered €20,000 towhomever could

Collection

2024 South East Section Meeting

Authors

Kenneth Stafford Sands II, Auburn University; Min Jae Suh, Sam Houston State University

we set up a timeline for our projectthat lasted 30 seconds, we were able to disable buttons on the screen (serving as the only meansof progressing through the scene) until the timeline ended. Also, as reflected in Figure 2, thebuttons shown each had to be reviewed (with restricted timelines on the content) before the“DONE” button became available. This was the only means of progressing past this segment ofthe course. Organization tree to give Toolbar for creating your scene Slide & object triggers flow to slides elements Object Characters Timeline

Conference Session

NSF Grantees: Student Development

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Lily Krest, Purdue University at West Lafayette; Justin Charles Major, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Matthew Scheidt, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Julianna Ge, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Brian P. Self, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; John Chen P.E., California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; James M. Widmann, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Allison Godwin, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Edward J. Berger, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

Candidate and National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fel- low in the Purdue University Engineering Education Program. As an undergraduate student at the Univer- sity of Nevada, Reno (UNR), Justin completed Bachelor’s degrees in both Mechanical Engineering and Secondary Mathematics Education with an informal emphasis in engineering education. Through his in- volvement in the UNR PRiDE Research Lab and engagement with the UNR and Northern Nevada STEM Education communities, he studied student motivation, active learning, and diversity; developed K-12 engineering education curriculum; and advocated for socioeconomically just access to STEM education. As a Ph.D. Candidate with the STRiDE Research Lab at Purdue

Conference Session

Technical Session V

Collection

2018 FYEE Conference

Authors

Michael Cross, Norwich University; David M. Feinauer P.E., Norwich University

Tagged Topics

FYEE Conference Sessions

University Dr. Feinauer is an Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and the Freshman En- gineering Coordinator at Norwich University. His scholarly work spans a number of areas related to engineering education, including P-12 engineering outreach, the first-year engineering experience, and incorporating innovation and entrepreneurship practice in the engineering classroom. Additionally, he has research experience in the areas of automation and control theory, and system identification. His work has been published through the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) and the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE); he is an active member of both organizations. He serves

Conference Session

Diversity: Women & Minorities in ET

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

JoDell Steuver; Michele Summers; Donna Evanecky

United States show thatpostsecondary positions will increase by 36% or more through 2012.4 This tells us that thedemand for new teachers should increase. Projected growth in college and university enrollmentover the next decade is due to retirement of faculty, as well as increased enrollment numbers.The enrollment increase stems largely from the expected increase in the population of those 18 to24 year old.4 Companies requiring undergraduate degrees as a stipulation for hiring or jobretention also affect enrollment. One way or another, academic institutions will be required tohire teachers, in order to keep up with the demands. If the numbers are true, then more and moreindividuals will be entering the academic arena and be faced with the

Collection

2022 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Robert Woodley; Steve E. Watkins

departmentsophomore seminar, etc. The Accelerated BS/MS program was considered in the latestsuccessful ABET evaluations for the EE and CpE degree programs. A key advising goal is tomake undergraduates aware of the option as they finish their sophomore year. Students arequalified if they are at or beyond the junior level with a minimum of 18 credit hours of ECEcoursework and a 3.5/4.0 GPA in these ECE courses.The flowchart in Figure 1 shows the typical path through the Accelerated BS/MS Program. Afterdeciding that graduate school is something the student has an interest in pursuing. At that point,the student should talk with an academic advisor. A discussion of all possible routes that can betaken toward an advanced degree should take place so that the

Conference Session

Educational Interventions and Pedagogy in Biomedical Engineering - June 22nd

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Mary Pearson, North Dakota State University; Lauren Singelmann, North Dakota State University; Ryan Striker P.E., North Dakota State University; Enrique Alvarez Vazquez, North Dakota State University; Ellen M. Swartz, North Dakota State University

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical Engineering

North Dakota State University. Her research interests are innovation-based-learning, educational data mining, and K-12 Out- reach. She works for the NDSU College of Engineering as the K-12 Outreach Coordinator where she plans and organizes outreach activities and camps for students in the Fargo-Moorhead area.Ryan Striker P.E., North Dakota State University Ryan Striker is a life-long learner. Ryan has over a decade of professional experience designing embed- ded electronic hardware for industrial, military, medical, and automotive applications. Ryan is currently pursuing a PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering at North Dakota State University. He previously earned his MS in Systems Engineering from the

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Peer Mentoring

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Corey Kiassat, Quinnipiac University; Ruby ElKharboutly, Quinnipiac University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

. These initiatives are pilot for a First-year Academy (FA) program that we plan to offer starting next year to increase the school retention rate. The three initiatives target social, metacognitive and academic skills. The first initiative is a mentoring program; the second a metacognition course; and the third an online mathematics help module. This paper discusses each initiative, the lessons learned, and the plan for moving forward.1. Introduction 1.1. Background At the School of Engineering at Quinnipiac University, a private university in northeastern United States, we have set a short-term target rate of 90% for first-year students in making a successful transition through their first year. We plan to conduct the First

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Cameron Wright; Michael Morrow; Thad Welch

interfaces with and programs the complete TMS3206xxx family of DSPStarter Kits (DSKs). Its features include, talk-through (with full CODEC parameter control),oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer (both the traditional display and waterfalling spectrogram),notched filter, arbitrary waveform generation, DTMF generation (with repeating speed-dial),Karplus-Strong string algorithm, 5 band graphic equalizer, audio effects, guitar synthesizer, anda DSK confidence test. The authors freely distribute this software for educational, non-profituse.1 IntroductionThere is a worldwide need for digital signal processing (DSP) literate engineers that is not beingcompletely satisfied. Despite our best efforts to offer both innovative electrical engineering (EE)and

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Potpourri

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lawrence E. Whitman, Wichita State University; Don E. Malzahn, Wichita State University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

decisionmaking stages and individual team members’ facets. The paper will present the process throughwhich each student’s vocabulary is developed and reinforced and the tools that supporttransitions and compensate for missing facets in the team decision process are described.Why “Engineering as Leader”“Effective leadership addresses problems that require people to move from a familiar butinadequate equilibrium – through disequilibrium – to a more adequate equilibrium”1. All leadersmust be able to formulate and communicate a vision that moves others to act.How does the engineer as leader differ from other leaders? In addition to what is required forleadership in organizations, leaders in the engineering process must address: • Design – a creative

Collection

ASEE-NE 2022

Authors

Emily Deterding, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Nathan Agyeman; Susan Thomson Tripathy, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Carter Keough, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Sumudu Lewis, University of Massachusetts Lowell; Kavitha Chandra, University of Massachusetts Lowell

Tagged Topics

Diversity

facilitators, designing PAR focus group activities, and analyzing participant data. Student recommendations to promote positive teamwork experiences are also discussed.1.0 Introduction In engineering, teamwork is a vital skill that helps conquer challenges faced in oursociety. Whether being tasked to create a new prototype or to revise an already existingproduct, having multiple opinions and ideas can facilitate ease when working through theengineering process and coming to a valid solution. At times, establishing good collaborationpractices can be difficult and can lead to unsatisfying experiences for first-year engineeringstudents, especially for those with racial, ethnic, and/or gender identities that have beenhistorically underrepresented

Conference Session

Engineering Equity: Challenging Paradigms and Cultivating Inclusion in Technical Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jingfeng Wu, University of Michigan; Clay Walker, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

patterns compared with their counterparts in dominant student groups.However, in reality, most students in engineering labs struggle to think about their writing workin lab contexts beyond their individual experience of completing the lab [25]. This makes itdifficult for students to develop the metacognition about how their literacy in one practice relatesto another. Another challenge in helping students transfer learning is that procedural knowledgeis often tacit knowledge, and thus largely unavailable for reflection or awareness. To respond tothis limitation, Lane et al. [26] showed evidence that a reasoning diagram could be used as aneffective instructional tool to help students integrate subject matter knowledge with rhetorical,genre, and

Conference Session

First-Year Programs: Design in the First Year

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Asma Idries, North Carolina State University; Akira Angel Romero-Berube, North Carolina State University ; Rachel Lee Tilly, North Carolina State University; Laura Bottomley, North Carolina State University; Raegan Santana Reeves, North Carolina State University; Miles Xavier Davis

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

current extracurricular resource known as the “resourceroom”. This resource is available to all first year students as an adjunct to the semester designproject required by their first semester engineering class. The resource room supports the college of engineering class projects, mainly the first-year design projects, as well as providing material supply for K-12 engineering educationoutreach efforts of the College through The Engineering Place at NC State University. Theresource room is staffed and managed by a diverse group of students hired by the Women andMinorities in Engineering Program and represent a diverse array of student backgrounds,genders and ethnicities. This group not only helps to address the needs of first-year

Conference Session

BME Curriculum Development

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Regina Nelson, University of Wisconsin, Madison; Naomi Chesler, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Tagged Divisions

Biomedical

mathematical approach to teaching physiology can be assessed. Themathematical approach used in physiology courses can fall at many different points along thecontinuum.In the extreme, a purely qualitative course in physiology probably does not exist at the collegiatelevel. Most courses have an accompanying lab section where students are guided throughsimulations and other quantitative activities. Typically, the mathematical skills required for theselab activities do not extend beyond simple algebra. Simulations are often “canned applications”and students are guided through the lab exercises with limited opportunity for free exploration.This type of course forms the basis of the qualitative model for the physiology training modulesin this study

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Jake Ingman; Camille Schroeder

a study done by IEEE-USA, employment of engineers has risen by 12percent, and the number of graduated engineers has declined by 17 percent over the sameperiod1. Through these activities, we hope to simulate real world experiences that allow childrento see beyond their own environments, to what the future holds for them, utilizing innovation andtechnology to find solutions for their future.The middle grades are a critical time for students, especially for young girls andunderrepresented minorities, to continue their interest and studies in science and math. In orderfor this group to maintain interest in these areas throughout high school and college, they mustdevelop related skills, and retain positive feelings about them2. Data on science

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicholas D. Fila, Iowa State University; Justin L. Hess, Indiana University-Purdue University of Indianapolis

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

an enterprise. 5 – Develop new Innovation is creating new solutions for the benefit of a specific client. Innovators are aware of solution for and care about many stakeholders, including teammates, users, and others, but they prioritize client benefit client needs due to an awareness of who the project is intended to serve and a reliance on client-provided resources. Innovators realize they can better serve other stakeholders (including themselves) and further advance technology through a series of small, client- serving advancements. 6 – Develop new Innovation is making change for a specific user group. This process requires a deep solution

Conference Session

Best of Computer in Education Division

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hatem M Wasfy, Advanced Science and Automation Corp.; Tamer M. Wasfy, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis; Riham M Mahfouz, Thomas Nelson Community College; Jeanne Peters, Advanced Science and Automation Corp.

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

will also incorporate an assessment of previousor upstream content. For example, since the concept of “force” is a recurring one in any physicsor engineering curriculum, the student will continue to be assessed in that concept as he/she isassessed in other related concepts while going through the curriculum. When a node’s expirationdate is reached, the intelligence engine automatically reassesses the node to ensure that thestudent still retains its knowledge. The course designer can edit the node’s expiration time valueand assign an expiration time other than the 2 years default based on the node’s difficulty andcriticality. This can ensure that students retain the knowledge they have learned for the long termas long as they keep using the ITS

Conference Session

COED Programming Education 1: Students, Motivation, and Mastery

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan Parsons, Western Washington University; Qiang Hao, Western Washington University; Lu Ding, University of South Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

important to obtaining a complete andsystematic understanding of issues students without prior programming experience tend toencounter [23]. This is an opportunity for some future work. Another limitation of this study isthat the data collected was all self-reported through an online survey. This provides a goodoverview; however, other data collection methods such as think-alouds [22], more interviews, etc.could be used to obtain more details about the thought processes of students with and withoutprior programming experience.There are several areas for future work based on this study. Beyond replicating this study on alarger scale or using other data collection methods, exploring how students with and without priorprogramming experience differ