Conference Session

The Real World-Project-Based & Experiential Learning

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mojtaba Naseri, Morgan State University; Pelumi Olaitan Abiodun, Morgan State University; Oludare Adegbola Owolabi P.E., Morgan State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)

engineers capable of building SC they should get familiar with new technologiesand experience them with hands-on activities so they can engage with real-world applications. Thedevelopment of SC Technologies in universities needs diverse approaches that engage studentsfrom various fields, such as civil engineering, architecture, computer science, and social sciences[4]. Also, incorporating projects that focus on sustainable energy management including solarpower energy, enhances students' understanding of SC frameworks [5] and integrating cognitivecomputing and data analytics into civil engineering education can create a learning atmospherethat increases student engagement in SC Technologies [6].To fill the mentioned gap, the Experimental-Centric

Conference Session

ENT-3: Transforming Engineering Curriculum through Entrepreneurial Approaches

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anna K. T. Howard, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Katherine Saul, North Carolina State University at Raleigh; Nathalie Lavoine, North Carolina State University at Raleigh

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT)

college. This paper will describe these efforts(specifically, intensive training incubator, continuous engagement, microcredentials) and present thereach of the program as well as the impact on faculty understanding and confidence in applying EMconcepts.MethodsWe developed our effort under an umbrella program we call the NC State Wolfpack EngineeringUnleashed (WEU) network. WEU encompasses our activities as well as branding the focus on 1)the fundamental principles of EM called the 3 Cs: curiosity, connections, and creating value and 2)3 additional principles: collaboration, communication, and character. All of our activities underWEU emphasize the “6 Cs” and their incorporation into the curriculum, and promote using aconsistent terminology. We

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Gammon-Pitman, Ohio State University; Paul E. Post, Ohio State University; Lin Ding, The Ohio State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

discouraging motivations are competitive classroom environments andgrades [14]. While grades are an evaluation of student learning inferred by the instructor,students’ grades have been interpreted by students as a measure of success and achievement.Students with lower performance or grades, therefore, become less motivated and doubt theirabilities to be successful in the engineering program. Other educational factors reported asdiscouraging to students’ motivation were time commitment on course tasks and the quality ofteaching with large effects for female than male students [14]. Although grades reflect students’competence and indicate growing opportunities, how students interpret the grades to impact theirmotivation and persistence in

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Holt Zaugg PhD, Brigham Young University; Gregg Morris Warnick, Brigham Young University; Alan R. Parkinson, Brigham Young University; Spencer P. Magleby, Brigham Young University; Timothy L. Elliott, Brigham Young University; Kathryn L. Watkins, Brigham Young University; Meaghan Lynn Weldele, Brigham Young University; Quincey Cole, Harold B. Lee Library ; Lindsey R. Barnes

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

= strongly agree) followed by anopportunity for students to provide a specific example. The different tiers in the model limitedthe number of questions asked to cap the overall length of the survey. As this was the pilot forthe model, only two tiers of questions were used. First tier questions were sent to all studentsregardless of major or program. These questions asked about knowledge, skills, and attitudes thatstudents should develop regardless of the program attended. The final first tier question askedstudents to reflect on the impact of their SA program on their overall educational experience atthe university.The second tier questions were unique to each college. As this was the pilot year for this revisedassessment format, only the Ira A

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session II

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary G. Noonan, Merrimack College; Marc Veletzos, Merrimack College; Cynthia Baker McGowan, Merrimack College; Maureen Walsh Sakakeeny P.E., Merrimack College

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

design.Initiative #3: Affinity HousingThe affinity housing initiative is a living/learning community (LLC) of students majoring inengineering or CS. The affinity house has been dubbed the “iTEC LLC” for InnovationsThrough Engineering and Computing. The iTEC LLC is based on the Quadrangle Engineeringand Sciences Living and Learning Community at the University of Colorado-Boulder.19 TheiTEC LLC provides peer support outside the classroom, and directly address the need for socialintegration into the engineering and CS community. Student success and persistence in collegehas been shown to be tied to their social integration with peers and students are more likely toaccomplish difficult tasks when engaged with individuals facing similar challenges.20The iTEC

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

David F. Ollis

opportunities to increase the already invitingatmosphere, and also to provide strong role models for new students.7. Student leadership trainingThe directed but self-paced chapter instructions leave the TA free to wander the lab, engage thestudents in questions and discussions, and provide repeated communication opportunities forenhancing first year student learning. We have utilized graduate and senior TAs, as well assophomore, junior, and senior alumni of the lab as student assistants and as TAs. Theundergraduate assistants rotate with each lab section, and provide a constant advisor to a groupof 30-40 students. The lab TAs remain with the lab, and provide not only conversation andquestion, but also lab maintenance, replacement, and occasionally

Conference Session

Engineering Technology Division (ETD) Technical Session 3

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mahdi Yazdanpour, Northern Kentucky University; Morteza Sadat-Hossieny, Northern Kentucky University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology Division (ETD)

ABET accreditation requirements and program educational objectives. The courseintegrates a series of structured laboratory experiments that focus on key concepts such as time-domain and frequency-domain analysis, signal processing, frequency response and filtering, andsystem modeling. These hands-on labs, involving circuit analysis, RLC filters, op-amp circuits,audio boosters, volume unit meters, and timing circuits, aim to enhance students' practical skillswhile reinforcing their theoretical knowledge. The course culminates in a comprehensive finalproject, where students integrate their skills to design and implement a multi-functional signalprocessing system. By engaging in these activities, students develop competencies in problem-solving

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Qichao Wang, Virginia Tech; Montasir Abbas P.E., Virginia Tech; Lisa D. McNair, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

another object. The original gravity model inphysics is 𝑀 ×𝑀𝐹𝑎,𝑏 = 𝐺 𝑎𝐷2 𝑏 (1) 𝑎,𝑏Where,𝐹𝑎,𝑏 = gravitational force between object 𝑎 and object b,𝐺 = coefficient,𝑀𝑎 = mass of object 𝑎,𝑀𝑏 = mass of object b, and𝐷𝑎,𝑏 = distance between object 𝑎 and object b.In the context of student’s learning process, there are two objects that can have an impact on one another:knowledge source (educators, reading materials, game for GAP, etc.) and student. The attraction betweenthese two objects would result in the interest or level of engagement. The amount of new knowledge thatneed to be delivered to the student is the distance

Conference Session

Cooperative Education Addresses ABET

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Mathews, Mississippi State University; Donna Reese, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Cooperative & Experiential Education

educationemployers that would provide additional data for the student achievements of ABET outcomes a-k. Since we did not want to have a negative impact on the return rate of the current surveys, weheld a focus group with a small group of employers to find out the best way to present theseadditional assessment questions without negatively impacting the return on our surveys. Thispaper will present the feedback from this focus group, the survey developed for this assessment,and the results from the first several semesters of the survey, including the affect on return rates.BackgroundMississippi State University (MSU) is a public, land-grant, doctoral, research universityclassified as Doctoral/Research-Extensive by the Carnegie Foundation. Enrollment

Conference Session

K-12 Computer Science and Computational Thinking Initiatives

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Eguchi, Bloomfield College

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

RoboCupJunior World Championships. Theanalysis of the collected data was presented in 2004 [5].The focus of the study was to identifyoverall effects of RCJ on students’ learning in various areas, including subject knowledge,and personal skills such as communication, collaboration, and problem-solving skills. Page 24.852.10Learning from RCJ 2012 StudyIn 2012, another survey was conducted with students participating in RCJ 2012, Mexico City.For the evaluation of the educational value, we used 4-point Likert scale (‘yes, very much’,‘some what’, ‘not much’, and ‘no’) to identify educational impacts on the participatingstudents.PARTICIPANTS: There were 209 teams

Conference Session

Practice/Partnership/Program Issues

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Amy Grommes

question facing educators, engineers, and inhabitants of this planet remains: howare we addressing the need to embed this awareness among engineering students?Traditionally, engineering programs educate students on technical information pertinent to eachdiscipline, with limited regard to the impact of the surrounding environment or communities.The issue of environmental degradation gained popularity in the 1960s and continued throughoutthe 1970s. The engineering community responded by creating environmental engineering.Environmental engineering is a discipline dedicated to cleaning up the waste and pollutionproduced by society, and fellow engineers. The educational objective of environmentalengineering curricula is to “…provide education in the

Conference Session

Basic Concepts in Entrepreneurship

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Neelam Soundarajan, Ohio State University; Rajiv Ramnath, Ohio State University; Bruce W. Weide, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

make tangible models, possibly in software,of the item in question 17,18,1 . Scardamalia et al. 19,20 posit that students learn most effectively whenthey engage in knowledge-building, as against knowledge-reproduction.Fig. 1 depicts the Community of Inquiry (CoI) model 7 , another framework that stresses the impor-tance of interaction among students to help them develop a thorough understanding of the topicunder study. Although CoI was originally designed primarily for analyzing on-line Cognitive Social Presence Presence EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCE

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

V. Dimitra Pyrialakou, West Virginia University ; Heidi A. Diefes-Dux, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Konstantina Gkritza, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

management plan; they had a well-considered task breakdown based on thematic units(Figure 2) and a detailed timeline. The one aspect that the instructor perceived as lacking was theuse of additional resources and the proper documentation of such resources.The group proposed a project to explore the impacts of the construction or expansion of anairport as a means to assess the community and social value of an airport. They suggested twobroad categories of impacts: impacts to the economy (either personal or business) and impacts tosocial life (at the individual or community level). Figure 2: Unique elements of students’ workIt was noteworthy that the group managed to link its proposal with the selected needs statementvery

Conference Session

Professional Papers

Collection

2025 ASEE Southeast Conference

Authors

Kenneth Stafford Sands II, Auburn University; Andrew Hughes, Auburn University

Tagged Topics

Professional Papers

, and analyzing assemblytechniques. To better understand its effectiveness, the team will need to develop rubrics andsurveys to measure student comprehension and engagement after using the MWM, conductformal polls or feedback sessions to gather quantitative and qualitative data on student responses,and assess whether students demonstrate improved understanding of construction processes,materials, and spatial relationships possibly through pre- and post-activity evaluations.ConclusionWith the challenge of incorporating appropriate learning tools into construction classes, this casestudy presents an idea for addressing this challenge by developing the MWM for constructioneducation. Early indications show that the MWM has utility in communicating

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE) Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Allison Antink-Meyer, Illinois State University; Matthew Aldeman, Illinois State University; Jin Ho Jo; Jeritt Williams, Illinois State University; Maria Luisa Zamudio

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

engage high school students infour Chicago communities in an afterschool program focused on the design of technologies topromote green energy in their communities. At the time of this work-in-progress study, threeyears of activities were being developed by the authors who are university faculty and a team ofundergraduate majors in STEM fields. Each year incorporates micro:bit computers and MicrosoftMakeCode across two units of four modules of activities. These eight modules are developed toengage high school students, who may have little hands-on engineering design experience, withlearning skills and technologies that they then apply to a culminating engineering designchallenge each year (see Aldeman et al., 2023 ASEE paper for more detailed

Conference Session

Energy Conversion, Conservation and Nuclear Engineering Division (ECCNE) Technical Session 3

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ali Zilouchian, Florida Atlantic University; Amir Abtahi, Florida Atlantic University; Nancy Romance, Florida Atlantic University

Tagged Divisions

Conservation and Nuclear Engineering Division (ECCNE), Energy Conversion

AssessmentThe proposed course curriculum was evaluated in terms of student learning outcomes and theoverall impact on students and was based on a variety of measures, including quantitative andqualitative measures, informal assessments, and anecdotal records. Quantitative and qualitativeassessment of the course centered on student engagement, student learning outcomes, andstudent satisfaction. Student engagement was assessed by observing student participation inhands-on group activities in the course. Student learning outcomes was assessed by reviewingstudent understanding of the material presented in the course. Students were enthusiastic andactively participated in hands-on activities, lectures, and Simulink modeling. They were eager toparticipate in

Conference Session

Ethics Classes: Creative or Inefficient

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Christy Moore; Stephanie Bird; Steven Nichols

. Although thecontent, depth, and length of the modules differ, the actual structure is so similar that areview of one of the modules will serve to explain the function of all of the modules. Thefollowing sections demonstrate this process using one module as an example. Introduction to Professional Ethics is a module designed to make students awareof the impact engineers can have on society and the codes of ethics that guideprofessionals. Using the 1972 Buffalo Creek flood as a case study, the module requiresstudents to grapple with the difficult question of responsibility. The flood, whichresulted in over 100 deaths and incalculable damage, occurred as a result of the failure ofan impoundment dam operated by a coal mining company – Pittston

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Martin Trethewey; John Gardner; Thomas Litzinger

simultaneousdevelopment of professional and technical skills by requiring students to practice these skills inan integrated fashion, within a realistic context. In the reform effort underway in MechanicalEngineering, courses are being developed in an IDEALS format, where IDEALS refers toIntegrated Design, Experimentation, Analysis, and Life Skills. Here “life skills” are professionalskills such as communication skills, team skills, and lifelong learning. To date, two differentapproaches to the IDEALS courses have been piloted, a one-credit course, which links to corecourses the students are taking concurrently, and an IDEALS version of a three-credit requiredcourse. In this paper, the two pilot courses are described along with student evaluations of thecourses

Conference Session

Industrial Engineering Division (IND) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janice Mejía, Northwestern University; Katherine Scharfenberg, Northwestern University; Jill Hardin Wilson, Northwestern University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering Division (IND)

optimal ordering and product mix. To address this problem, our analysis will focus on 24 Chicagoland restaurants to determine the validity of the current back-of-house storage model, analyze potential misordering in restaurants, and quantify how many resources [Client A] is misallocating due to non-optimal ordering to provide value-creating recommendations.Case Study #2: Communicate the Problem BetterEven if a student team has an elegant solution, they still need to explain the problem clearly tothe IE instructors assessing their work. The efficacy, value, and impact of a solution is likely tobe questioned or inadequately assessed by the instructors if the problem is not explained clearly.We saw an instance of inadequate

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Mary Cardenas

• deforestation • air pollution Page 6.1153.4 • energy conservation and planning for a new community Proceedings of the 2001 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright  2001, American Society for Engineering EducationThe WebQuests may be found at www3.hmc.edu/~cardenas/studentwebquests.html. Thestudents came up with varied ways of introducing middle school students to engineering topicsand their relation to society. The WebQuest by junior chemist Clare Schoene focused on theconstruction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct and its environmental impact. The first task for themiddle school

Conference Session

Fundamental: Tools and Content for K-12 Engineering Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian David Hartman, Oregon State University; Kimi Grzyb, Oregon State University; Katharine G. Field, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

perspective. The goal of this research is to develop a consensusof bioenergy expert views on what K-12 students should be taught about bioenergy.Theoretical FrameworkTeaching bioenergy to K-12 students provides an opportunity to understand socio-scientific issues more deeply. Socio-scientific issues are unique in that they address theinteraction and impacts between science and society. While a scientific issue mightaddress whether oil well fracturing (fracking) produces long-term increases in oilproduction, the impacts of fracking on a community might be a socio-scientific issue.Bioenergy can be categorized as a socio-scientific issue because the motivations topursue it are tied to larger societal issues such as petroleum depletion, oil independence

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 28

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lorena S. Grundy, Tufts University; Milo Koretsky, Tufts University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

common understanding that students want to achieve their desiredgrades with as little struggle as possible, while faculty instructors want to spend as little time onteaching as possible while meeting departmental requirements, including receiving satisfactorystudent evaluations. However, each of our participants, to varying extents and in different ways,showed evidence of pursuing a second, contradicting object, transformative learning. Students arewilling to struggle through confusion on the path to learning, and value learning for the sake ofmaking a difference in the world, not just for a grade. Instructors aim to help students developproblem solving skills and conceptual understanding, regardless of the impact on their evaluations.Students

Conference Session

Introductory Materials Science for the 21st Century

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carolyn Skurla, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

Mini Labs andto provide constructive feedback with regard to improving the Mini Labs. Students were alsogiven the opportunity during one of the last lectures of the semester to discuss the Mini Labs andto provide suggestions for the future. Although the written reviews were helpful, the bestfeedback was obtained from the in-class discussion. The students were willing to take fulladvantage of the opportunity to suggest improvements that could make the Mini Lab exercisesmore relevant and less tedious for future students. When asked to consider these exercises as away to keep students engaged in active learning activities in the face of increased enrollmentsand limited space and equipment, the students were willing to provide constructive

Conference Session

Computers and Software in Teaching Mathemathetics

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marilyn Reba, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

partnership with the Computer ScienceDepartment, has used Tablet PCs and the web-based interactive software, MessageGrid, toaddress these issues over the past four semesters. Pen-technology in large-enrollment content-heavy Calculus courses provides new ways to communicate with struggling students: projectionof anonymous student-inked submissions; "personalized" feedback on group activities; student-generated audio-video podcasts; in Fall 2008, quick identification and remediation of weakalgebra skills via inking on Mathpad, and in Spring 2009 through an NSF grant, tagging ofstudent errors in inked responses. We report a higher percentage of students able to enroll insecond-semester Calculus. Despite this emerging evidence of greater student success

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bradley Bowen, Virginia Tech; Alan R. Kallmeyer, North Dakota State University; Holly Hermine Erickson, West Fargo Liberty Middle School

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

the teacher approaches lesson plan designcreating more meaningful, engaging, and authentic learning experiences for their students. Sincethe majority of the school systems in the upper Midwest are characterized as rural, a uniqueaspect of this program is the focus on this demographic of teacher. To create the largest possibleimpact in a rural educational community, this program selects participants who are the only mathor science teacher in their school building. In addition, each in-service teacher works alongside apre-service teacher in NDSU’s mathematics education or science education program. Thisprovides a valuable experience for both the in-service and pre-service teachers while engaging ina collaborative experience. Having completed

Conference Session

Incorporating Innovative Technologies into the Curriculum

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wayne P. Hung, Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

questions are common. Penetration of Clicker in science andengineering fields is observed since the latter version of Clicker allows students to respond witheither numerical answers for a work-out problems or alphabetical selections for multiple choicequestions.The role of Clicker as teaching and learning enhancement tool has been discussed in theacademic community since 1980s. There are few published papers on using Clicker onengineering subjects and no report on how Clickers can be used effectively in laboratory. Weimplemented Clicker in manufacturing classes with the following objectives: i) Creating a more dynamic learning environment, ii) Enhancing study outcome, and iii) Reducing tedious paperwork and workload in many repeating

Conference Session

Programmatic Design and Resiliency Among Women Engineers

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Melissa Renee Casner, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Nancy L Lollar, Purdue University University at West Lafayette (PPI)

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering Division (WIED)

. in Educational Leadership with a focus on Organizational Management from Oakland City University, where she conducted research on collaborative advising processes to enhance student success in community colleges. Dr. Lollar has served in various leadership roles, including her tenure as Campus Director at Purdue Polytechnic Institute Columbus, where she fosters industry-academic partnerships and drives initiatives to expand educational access. She is actively engaged in research projects such as Building Rural Community Systems: Education to Employment Partnerships and Expanding Access to Economic Opportunities through Educational Success, collaborating with organizations like CivicLab and the Indiana Commission

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division (CIP) Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacalynn Sharp, JHU APL; Julianne Burroughs; Jorge Luis Rivera; Aishwarya Jayabharathi; Katherine-Ann Carr; William Roberts Gray-Roncal; Danielle Patrice Hilliard, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel; Alberto J. De Jesus Santiago

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships Division (CIP)

small, interdisciplinary and cross departmentalteams of 4-5 students. Teams were formed based on challenge interests to develop a researchproposal similar to an internal research grant, demonstrating both interest and capability.Throughout the weekend, interns attended technical presentations and workshops hosted by staff;the weekend culminated in a poster presentation to experienced staff, hiring managers, seniorleadership and executives’ gallery walk where prizes were awarded. Our goals are to growparticipants’ confidence in networking, technical communication, and exposure to the JHU/APLand impactful research topics through this immersive experience.Students developed communication skills in STEM topics, competitive presentation experience

Conference Session

Faculty Development: Centers

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lawrence R Chen, McGill University; Amanda Saxe, McGill University

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

the otherhand, CoPs exist for longer periods and focus on one or more topics that are of interest to thecommunity members. Research has shown that these communities, as well as Faculty-specificteaching initiatives, can have a significant role in encouraging faculty to use more student-centered teaching approaches [15]-[20].Background on ELATEEnhancing Learning and Teaching in Engineering (ELATE) is a Faculty-specific teachinginitiative at McGill University whose mission is to foster communities of undergraduate andgraduate students, teaching assistants, and academic and non-academic staff with the objective ofenhancing and promoting excellence in the teaching and learning experience in the Faculty ofEngineering. It was established thanks to a

Conference Session

ERM Technical Session 9: Persistence and Retention

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Johnny C. Woods, Jr., Virginia Tech; Tahsin Mahmud Chowdhury, Virginia Tech; Homero Murzi, Virginia Tech; Michelle Soledad, Virginia Tech, Ateneo de Davao University; David B. Knight, Virginia Tech; Jacob R. Grohs, Virginia Tech; Scott W. Case, Virginia Tech; Natasha Smith, Virginia Tech

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

the issues associated with large class size that impact students’performance in engineering are (i) the lack of development of mentorship relationships withinstructors [8], (ii) lack of active learning [3], and (iii) lack of cognitive engagement [3] (studentsin large classes lack engagement as they feel invisible). Furthermore, teacher effects on studentsare directly related to achievement, a positive impact that is easier to develop in small sizeclasses [9].To address concerns associated with FECs, it is important to understand prevailing educationalenvironments in these courses and identify critical points where improvement and change isneeded. Most research focuses on early identification of at-risk students, however, this is notalways a