Conference Session

Novel Pedagogical Techniques II: Potpourri

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heather Chenette, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

of observation (O1). In addition to traditional instruction (X1), the instruction received by Class B alsoincluded prediction activities (X2) and instruction in Class C also included reflection activities (X3). A voluntaryfocus group was assembled of students from Class B and Class C. The classes were all taught by the same instructorexcept for Class C3. HECI Traditional Prediction Reflection HECI Focus group Sample test instruction activities (3) activities (3) test (optional) Class A (control) O1 X1 - - O1 - Class B O1 X1

Conference Session

Perspectives and Approaches to Teaching Simulation and Design-Based Courses

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nelly Ramirez-Corona, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Ramirez Apud Lopez Zaira, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Aurelio Lopez-Malo, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Americas Puebla

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

: ! !  The reactant A is fed with a composition of 1 M. The equilibrium conversion is 66.7% and the actualconversion is 33.3%. We are looking for raising the actual conversion to 50%. You are asked to determinehow we must adjust the feed flowrate to achieve that goal. Figure 2. Troubleshooting/diagnosis problem example (adapted from Levenspiel11).Problem 3There are two reactors available for installation, the first one a CSTR with a 5 m3 volume and the secondone a PFR with 2 m3 volume to process 80 L/min containing 0.5 M of A and 0.1 M of B. The desiredproduct C may continue reacting to a side product with no commercial value. The important reactions are: 1A+ B →C 2 1C+ B→D 2The kinetic expression for each reaction, which

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Heather C. S. Chenette, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Tony Ribera, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

. The control group had only traditionalinstruction (X1) and no prediction or reflection activities. A focus group of students wasassembled from those who participated in the prediction activities to further observe the impactof the activities on student learning.Table 1: Experimental Design. The same HECI test was administered pre- and post-instruction as a quantitativeform of observation (O1). In addition to traditional instruction (X1), the instruction received by Class B alsoincluded prediction activities (X2) and instruction in Class C also included reflection activities (X3). A voluntaryfocus group was assembled of students from Class B and Class C. HECI Traditional Prediction Reflection

Conference Session

Contemporary Issues in CHE Education

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adam Ekenseair, University of Texas, Austin; Carolyn Bayer, University of Texas, Austin; Margaret Phillips, University of Texas, Austin

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

greater extent. However, this may also indicate a greater likelihood ofresponding to the surveys amongst those students who pursued higher degrees, which is Page 14.685.6supported in part by the similarities between Figure 1(b) and (c). MBA JD MBA JD 8% MD 3% 0% 6% 12% MBA MS/ JD 19% PhD 8% 24% MD

Conference Session

Introductory Experiences in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph J. Biernacki, Tennessee Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

relationships can be included.In summary, their formalism consists of the following relationships†: GDF = M×N + MFlows + NRates (2.a) GSC = MStreamConstraints + NBalances + RRR (2.b) PSC = F + C + NR + NOC (2.c) from which DF=GDF-(GSC+PSC) (2.d)where M is the number of streams, N is the number of molecular species in the systems, MFlows isthe number of stream

Conference Session

New Classrooms, New Challenges I: Novel Approaches to Courses

Collection

2012 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ramirez Apud Lopez Zaira, Universidad de las Américas Puebla; Nelly Ramirez-Corona, Universidad de las Americas, Puebla; Aurelio Lopez-Malo, Universidad de las Americas, Puebla; Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Americas, Puebla

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

with the first one (decision making/troubleshooting and diagnosisproblems allow students selecting one or more satisfactory answers). Traditionally, problemswith a single reaction are used to teach the whole course, but it is known that single reactionsystem is a particular case in reaction engineering; therefore problems with multiple reactions8were introduced for each topic along the course, in order to foster students’ knowledge transferto any kind of reactor and any number of reactions. A decision-making problem example isexhibited in Figure 3. There are two CSTRs available to process 80 L/min containing 0.5 M of A and 0.1 M of B, the first one with a 5 m3 volume and the second tank with 2m3 volume. The desired product C may continuing

Conference Session

Contemporary Issues in Chemical Engineering Education

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

best selling product, your boss, the Base hiring manager, has taken the opportunity to follow Agitator Motor her lifelong dream and go on a safari in Africa, while the only other process engineer who knows this process has recently left the company for a Water Return pH competitor. Sample Port B

Conference Session

Works in Progress in Chemical Engineering Education

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sarah E. Zappe, Pennsylvania State University; Enrique D. Gomez; Scott T. Milner; Yu Xia

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

students in the geosciences. Advances in Engineering Education. 8(4).Fey, S. B., Theus, M. E., & Ramirez, A. R. (2020). Course-based undergraduate research experiences in a remote setting: Two case studies documenting implementation and student perceptions. Academic Practice in Ecology and Evolution. 10(22): 12528-12541.Foertsch, J. A., Alexander, B. B., & Penberthy, D. L. (1997). Evaluation of the UW-Madison’s summer undergraduate research programs: Final report. Madison, WI.Gates, A. Q., Teller, P. J., Bernat, A., Delgado, N., & Della-Piana, C. K. (1998). Meeting the challenge of expanding participation in the undergraduate research experience. In Frontiers in Education Conference, 1998. FIE’98

Conference Session

Novel Pedagogical Techniques I: Online, Electronic, and Apps!

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mary Staehle, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

percentage ofProcess Dynamics and Control instructors use simulations for instruction and/or assessment [4].The hypothesis underlying this study is that moving the course to an online delivery methodenhances student learning in Process Dynamics and Control. These increases would follow from(a) asynchronous learning and the ability to re-watch lecture material and (b) the ability toconduct simulations alongside lecture effectively. Two cohorts of students are contrasted: agroup of students taking the course entirely in-person in a traditional classroom-based course anda group of students taking the course with online delivery but in-person exams. Students in bothgroups were taught by the same professor and completed identical final exams. This

Conference Session

Perceptions, Reflections, Collaborations, and Student Support in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Bradley Cicciarelli, Louisiana Tech University; Eric A. Sherer, Louisiana Tech University; Baker A. Martin, Clemson University; Marisa K. Orr, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

topics related to "comfort in the ChemE major", camp attendeesentered the camp (Pre-Camp) with approximately the same average rating that non-campersentered the sophomore year (Pre-Sophomore). However, from Pre-Camp to Pre-Sophomore, therating of campers increased by 0.31 points (p=0.02), so campers entered the sophomore yearwith a 0.34 point higher composite rating than non-campers on average. Over the course of thesophomore year, both the campers and non-campers showed a similar small, non-significantdecrease in the average rating (0.09 point decrease, p=0.47 for campers and 0.12 point decrease(p=0.27 for non-campers). Figure 2. Average student survey ratings of (a) "curriculum preparedness" and (b) "comfort in ChemE major". Error bars

Conference Session

Impact of the Gulf Coast Oil Spill on Chemical Engineering Education & Misc.

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael A. Smith, Villanova University; Noelle K. Comolli, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

U ⋅ Aex ⎛ (Tc,i−1 + Tc,i ) ⎞⎟ = −∑ ⋅ ⎜⎜ Tw (t ) − ⎟ [8] dt i =1 n V w ρ w Cp w ⎝ 2 ⎠ dTc Fc F U ⋅ Aex ⎛ (Tc,i −1 + Tc,i ) ⎞⎟ = Tc ,i −1 − c Tc ,i + ⋅ ⎜⎜ Tw (t ) − ⎟ [9] dt Vex Vex n Vex ρ c Cp c ⎝ 2 ⎠For example, using n=8 and the values for α, β, and ω given in equations 10a, 10b, and 10c,respectively, we can derive the A, TT0 and B matrices (equations 11a, 11b and 11c). − U ⋅ Aex α

Conference Session

Communication in the Chemical Engineering Curriculum

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Adrienne Minerick, Michigan Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

administrative duty of the instructor. Thus, the evolution of course structure has steadilymoved from lecture intensive with graded homeworks to incrementally broader adoption of thestudent-led example exercises with the final iteration including a flipped classroom. Discussions will focus primarily on the present course structure, with contextualizationsand justifications for activity optimizations based upon experiences in the three prior years.Students receive daily guide to accompany each lecture that includes a) an updated outline of thecourse topics completed and forthcoming, b) a list of suggested homework problems that are notcollected or graded, and c) three to four test your knowledge questions. The test your knowledgequestions from the

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Pedagogy

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Eric Burkholder, Stanford University; Francis Ledesma; Julie C. Fornaciari, University of California, Berkeley

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

the recitation would be devoted to students working on special homework problems(“section problems”) which we describe next.Each week, one of the students’ homework problems, written by E. B., was more authentic than a typicaltextbook problem. Students would be required to make their own assumptions and set their own designcriteria, and might have to look up information to solve the problem (i.e. in handbooks, published researcharticles, etc.). In general, they would have to make design decisions with limited information, just as anengineer would do in the workplace. An example problem is in Figure 1. These section problems were 50%of students’ weekly homework grades. Students would be given 15 minutes in section each week to workon these

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kyle Joe Branch, University of Utah; Anthony Butterfield, University of Utah

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Anthony Butterfield is an Assistant Professor (Lecturing) in the Chemical Engineering Department of the University of Utah. He received his B. S. and Ph. D. from the University of Utah and a M. S. from the University of California, San Diego. His teaching responsibilities include the senior unit operations laboratory and freshman design laboratory. His research interests focus on undergraduate education, targeted drug delivery, photobioreactor design, and instrumentation. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Development and Usage of an Online Homework System in a Chemical Engineering CurriculumWe have developed an online, open-source system to administer

Conference Session

Improving Introductory Experiences in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kevin D. Dahm, Rowan University; Stephanie Farrell, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

. Unfortunately, the instructors had no practical way ofoverseeing how specific students were distributed between the two sections. Table 2demonstrates that the control group, on average, had significantly higher grade point averages incourses completed through the summer of 2013.Table 2: Grade point averages in courses completed prior to the start of the Fall 2013semester (4.0=A, 3.0=B, 2.0=C, 1.0=D).Section Mean GPA Standard DeviationExperimental Group (n=26) 3.21 0.55Control Group (n=26) 3.42 0.38In total, 53 students enrolled in PCP I for the Fall 2013 semester: 27 in the experimental groupand 26 in the control group. One of the “experimental” students withdrew from the

Conference Session

Novel Pedagogical Techniques II: Potpourri

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Jo Pinkelman, Technische Universität Darmstadt; David J. Dixon, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Manfred J Hampe, Technische Universität Darmstadt

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

desired needs; (d) the ability to work onmultidisciplinary teams; (g) communicate effectively; and (k) ability to use the techniques, skillsand modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice. They more weakly emphasize(b) design and conduct experiments and analyze and interpret data. As can be seen from Table 3,the non-traditional ADP meets all the course outcomes of the traditional ChE capstone designcourse. In addition, the ADP course emphasizes the ABET criteria (f) understanding ofprofessional and ethical responsibility and (h) the broad education necessary to understand theimpact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context. The ADP course also has teamsthat are truly multidisciplinary, while most traditional

Conference Session

Novel Student Experiences in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Darinka del Carmen Ramírez , ITESM (Tecnológico de Monterrey); Pablo Moreno Ramírez, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Paper ID #13185Making practical experience: Teaching thermodynamics, ethics and sustain-able development with PBL at a bioenergy plantDr. Darinka del Carmen Ramirez, ITESM (Tecnol´ogico de Monterrey) Ph. D. Darinka Ram´ırez is a professor at the Chemical Engineering department of ITESM (Tecnol´ogico de Monterrey), Campus Monterrey, Mexico. She has a B. S. in biochemical engineering at IT La Paz, M. S. in chemical engineering at Tecnol´ogico de Monterrey, and Ph. D. in Educational Innovation also at Tecnol´ogico de Monterrey. She teaches mainly Material Balances, Energy Balances and Thermodynamics to undergraduate students

Conference Session

SPECIAL SESSION: Interdisciplinary Course Design Opportunities for Chemical Engineers

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William J. Kelly, Villanova University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

, pricing, distribution, etc • Document and appreciate with some specificity the role of regulation, public policy, and ethics in pharmaceuticals and the different approaches to these issues internationally Page 22.77.4 • Discuss, reflect, and project alternate future directions and trends in the global pharmaceutical industryThe 5 modules of the courseThe course was broken up into five teaching modules, shown in proper sequence and describedbriefly below, where module B was primarily technical and module D was primarily business: A.) Introduction to the Pharm. Industry: The first week or two of the semester history

Conference Session

ABET and Curriculum-Level Assessments

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Howard S. Kimmel, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Angelo J. Perna, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Shari Klotzkin; John D. Carpinelli, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Reginald Percy Tomkins, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

related to course outcomesOutcome # 1. Students design and construct a flow system that meets certain objectives withinconstraints. Strategies & Actions Criterion 3 Learning Outcomes Assessment MethodsPresent students with a, b, c, e, k 1. Students design a 1. A rubric will be used to Page 22.1332.7written flow system piping system within grade the design of the pipingrequirements but no specified constraints. system.detailed schematic.Describe common piping 2. Students construct a 2. A visual inspection of andand component

Conference Session

ChE: Innovations in undergraduate and graduate programs

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen High, Oklahoma State University; Eric Maase, Oklahoma State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

” course has been structured to give the studentsexperiences to meet the following objectives. All students in the class are graduatestatus. At the end of the semester, the students should be able to:(a) Develop mathematical models describing chemical engineering phenomena.(b) Evaluate the assumptions, limitations, and restrictions necessary to solve practical problems by mathematics.(c) Use classical numerical techniques to solve the equations that result from model formulation (ordinary and partial differential equations, linear and nonlinear simultaneous algebraic equations).(d) Become familiar with available computational tools that incorporates these numerical techniques (specifically in MATLAB and Visual Basic/EXCEL).The

Conference Session

Work-In-Progress Postcard Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel D. Anastasio, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Elizabeth R. Morehouse, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

, parents are demonstrating an increased interest in the post-graduationoutcomes of their students. A recent article in the New York Times stated, “Nowadays, it’sapparent to college administrators that many parents want more for their children from collegethan just an education. As a result, finding ways to get students to connect early with careerservices support has become a goal at many institutions around the country” (Hannon, 2018).Demonstrating its graduates’ career readiness continues to be mission critical for institutions ofhigher education. But, are graduates career ready? The National Association of Colleges andEmployers (NACE) surveys graduates and employers regularly to gauge their career readiness(NACE (a), 2018; NACE (b), 2018). In

Conference Session

Virtual and Web Learning in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kyle Joe Branch, University of Utah; Anthony Butterfield, University of Utah

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

) in the Chemical Engineering Department of the University of Utah. He received his B. S. and Ph. D. from the University of Utah and a M. S. from the University of California, San Diego. His teaching responsibilities include the senior unit operations laboratory and freshman design laboratory. His research interests focus on undergraduate education, targeted drug delivery, photobioreactor design, and instrumentation. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2016 Implementation and Usage of an Online Environment in a Chemical Engineering CurriculumAbstractWe have developed an online system to serve as a hub for student activities in our chemicalengineering

Conference Session

Teaching and Assessment in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Deborah S. Goldberg, University of Maryland, College Park; Jinwang Zou, University of Maryland, College Park; Ganesh Sriram, University of Maryland

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

universities to considerdeveloping a similar first year chemical engineering seminar courses to complement Material &Energy Balances and enhance the student experience.Author ContributionsDSG conceived the study, led the instruction of the seminar, administered the surveys and wrotethe manuscript. GS co-instructed the seminar and edited the manuscript. JZ performed thestatistical analysis..References1 M. A. Vigeant, K. D. Dahm, and K. L. Silverstein, The state of the chemical engineeringcurriculum: Report from the 2016 survey: ASEE Conference, June 25-27, 2017, Columbus, OH.2 F. M. Bowman, B. R. Balcarcel, G. K. Jennings, B. R. Rogers, “FRONTIERS OF CHEMICALENGINEERING A Chemical Engineering Freshman Seminar.” J. Chem. Eng. Edu. pp. 24-29,2003.3

Conference Session

ChE: Departmental Issues and Integrating Freshmen into the ChE Program

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles Coronella, University of Nevada-Reno

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

assigned. Each of these three 12. Repeat steps 9, 10, & 11 until completethemes were discussed repeatedly in class 13. Documentation- Without talking to you,throughout the duration of the assignment. how can someone: (a) use your innovation; Page 11.1041.4 (b) build another one? On the first day of class, students were Table 4 Project assignmentsgiven a survey to complete (Figure 1). Theanswers were used to form ten groups of four 1. What is a swamp cooler? How doesstudents apiece. There were several criteria for it work?forming groups

Conference Session

Improving Laboratory Education in Chemical Engineering

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Cooper, North Carolina State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

Engineers 1, 16-22 (2006).17. M. Ohland, M. Loughry, D. Woehr, L. Bullard, R. Felder, C. Finelli, R. Layton, H. Pomeranz, and D. Schmucker, “The Comprehensive Assessment of Team Member Effectiveness: Development of a Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale for Self and Peer Evaluation.” Academy of Management Learning & Education 11 (4), 609-630 (2012).18. M. Ohland, H. Pomeranz and H. Feinstein, “The comprehensive assessment of team member effectiveness: a new peer evaluation instrument.” ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings #2006-1286 (2006).19. R. Layton, M. Ohland and H. Pomeranz, “Software for student team formation and peer evaluation: CATME incorporates team-maker.” ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings #2007-1565 (2007).20. B

Conference Session

Novel Courses and Content for ChEs II

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rebecca Toghiani, Mississippi State University; Adrienne Minerick, Mississippi State University; Keisha Walters, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

presented where concept integration may beespecially beneficial.Opportunities in ThermodynamicsOne such opportunity occurs early in the semester when expressions for the enthalpy as afunction of temperature and pressure are developed for gases and for liquids. Students at MSUhave typically completed a fluid mechanics course prior to taking the second thermo course, andas a result, are well versed in the use and application of the Bernoulli equation for an isothermal,incompressible fluid, including pump work and frictional losses (simplified mechanical energybalance) [McCabe et al., 2005]: PA α V2 P α V2 + gZ A + A A + WP − h fp = B + gZ B + B B + h f (1) ρ

Conference Session

Outreach and Beyond in the Chemical Engineering Classroom

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sindia Rivera-Jiménez Ph.D., University of Florida; Deanna Alford, University of Florida; Lilianny Virguez, University of Florida

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

qualitative and quantitative methods) and identify theoretical frameworksthat can help to understand the impact of this work. It is expected that the proposed workshops 6will be offered every semester to support the efforts of the recently formed Chemical Engineeringdesign team at our institution. This provides a potential for longitudinal studies within the chemicalengineering education community.References:[1] R. S. Voronov, S. Basuray, G. Obuskovic, L. Simon, R. B. Barat, and E. Bilgili, "Statistical analysis of undergraduate chemical engineering curricula of United States of America universities: Trends and

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheryl A. Bodnar, University of Pittsburgh; Eric J. Beckman, University of Pittsburgh, Chemical Engineering Department; Joseph J. McCarthy, University of Pittsburgh; Steven R. Little, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

, company strategy, partners, financing, business plansand building an elevator pitch are covered.Students will be evaluated based upon class participation, homework, in-class activities and asemester long group project. In this group project, students come up with their own ideas for amolecular product and then progress through all the stages that are involved with chemicalproduct design from initial customer identification to generation of a complete business plan.The first two courses within the “Product Innovation Sequence” are linked to ABET outcomes b,c, e and g which relate to the ability of students to gather and analyze data, design productswithin realistic constraints, solve engineering problems and communicate effectively.Chemical

Conference Session

Communication in the Chemical Engineering Curriculum

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura P. Ford, University of Tulsa

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

was compared to those who had not.Between the pre survey and the post-HW survey, the students attended lectures on Rankinecycles with modifications and did two homework assignments with problems on Rankine cycleswith modifications. Attendance was required, and the lectures were fairly traditional with a dailygroup quiz to break up the lecture material. Between the post-HW survey and the post-projectsurvey, the only student interaction with the material was through their design team work on theproject. The design project (Appendix B) was a group project with teams formed by the Page 26.1655.3professor using Team-Maker5 with similar schedules

Conference Session

Early ChemE Education

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jamie Gomez, University of New Mexico; Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico; Abhaya K. Datye, University of New Mexico

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

production phase team elected a “champion” to present the teamconsensus to the class. The champions presented evidence from the previous discussions for thelast 20 minutes of class.Figure 1. Overview of the course structure.The parley sessions focused on decisions that impact all three phases, although the topics wereinherent to the growth phase. The first parley session focused on selecting a method for growingalgae (Appendix B). Prior to the session, students researched open ponds and bioreactors toweigh the pros and cons of using each in algal biofuel production. The second parley sessionfocused on strains of algae (Appendix C). Students identified criteria and possible strains topromote economic viability. The third parley session focused on