Conference Session

LEES 6: Writing & Communication

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathryn Neeley, University of Virginia; Michael Alley, Pennsylvania State University

2020The quantitative results establish the growth of the engineering communication community inASEE between 2000 and 2020 and suggest increasing levels of awareness of published literaturebut provide no insight the goals and guiding principles that should shape instruction andcurriculum planning. To gain that insight, we can draw on the work of important stakeholdergroups who expanded upon and interpreted the accreditation process that came to be known as 3Engineering Criteria 2000 (EC2000). The groups are listed below along with the name of thepublication that articulates that group’s goals and guiding principles. 1. thought leaders in engineering

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kang Xia; Mohammad Yunus Naseri, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Gautam Biswas, Vanderbilt University; Manoj Jha, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (CoE); Erin Henrick, Vanderbilt University; Emily Kern; Caitlin Snyder; Landon Marston, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Abhishek Dubey; Christopher Vanags; Niroj Aryal; Steven Jiang, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (CoE); Erin Hotchkiss; Vinod Lohani, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Brendan McLoughlin, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Sambridhi Bhandari

) datasets. Students used Excel and HEC-SSP (Hydrologic Engineering Center Statistical Software Package) to analyze and drawconclusions from the data.Our data sources include course summary forms (CSFs), module development tools (MDTs),which create a framework for comparing course-specific modules [3], and the modulesthemselves. The CSFs consist of details about the courses including semester/year,instructor/institution, course identification code/level/description/modules, student enrollment,teaching mode and pedagogy, data science instruction goals and methods, and software used forinstruction. The MDTs cover student learning goals, student assessments, student activities,lesson plans, data sources and software, and project information. From

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

H. Ronald Clements III, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Brianna McIntyre, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Jacqueline Rohde, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Heather Perkins, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI); Sherry Chen; Andrea Castillo, University of California, Irvine; Joana Marques Melo, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Allison Godwin, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

] J. Walther, N. W. Sochacka, L. C. Benson, A. E. Bumbaco, N. Kellam, A. L. Pawley, and C. M. L. Phillips, “Qualitative Research Quality: A Collaborative Inquiry Across Multiple Methodological Perspectives,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 106, no. 3, pp. 398- 430, Jul. 2017. [Online]. Available doi:10.1002/jee.20170[38] J. W. Creswell, Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research, 5th ed, New York, NY: Pearson Education, 2015.[39] K. Jensen, and K. Cross. “Engineering Stress Culture: Relationships Among Mental Health, Engineering Identity, and Sense of Inclusion,” Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 110, no. 2, pp. 371-392, Sep. 2020. [Online] Available doi

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 9: Decision Making, Problem-Based Projects, Role-Play, and a Nontraditional Project Theme

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Olewnik, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico; William Wild, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York

the problem, as an artifact of the difficulty of simply finding information, or as tied tothe inauthenticity of classroom activities.Our results suggest that further work is needed to develop items capable of measuringengineering requirements subconstructs. In our ongoing work with interview data, we plan todevelop new questions that are more grounded in the terms students use and that capture thevariability present in their accounts. We likewise see potential in situating the epistemologicalbeliefs items in the requirements context to prompt linkages. A context dependentepistemological perspective aligns with findings of Gainsburg in studying the epistemologicalstances of engineering students with respect to mathematical methods [43

Conference Session

Military and Veterans Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hannah Wilkinson, Utah State University; Angela Minichiello, Utah State University

four main categories: factors influencingmilitary and engineering decisions; impact of military and engineering identity; military studentassets in engineering; and barriers to success in engineering. Table 4 summarizes these keyresearch outcomes.Table 4Key Research Outcomes Factors Influencing Military and Engineering Decisions Students may purposefully plan to use military service as a means to fund undergraduate engineering education [20], [23], [30]. External Factors (i.e., desire for financial stability, mentor advice) may play a substantial role in military students’ choice of engineering as a career[1], [12], [20], [22], [26], [31] Identity Impacts of Military and Engineering Identities Military and engineering identity may be more

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jean Andino, Arizona State University; Fethiye Ozis, Carnegie Mellon University; Adnan Abdullahi, Arizona State University; Emily Henderson, Northern Arizona University

equipment orenvironmental conditions. Nevertheless, there exists a need to expose students to opportunities tocarry out routine data collection and analysis, to think about the plan for sampling, and to evaluatethe findings. The collaborative project that is described in this paper focuses on simulation of thesampling of an air pollutant, particulate matter. Faculty at Northern Arizona University (NAU)and Arizona State University (ASU) collaborated to enhance the teaching of Air QualityEngineering (AQE) in their institutions. Basic information regarding ambient particles, includingtheir sources, size distributions, and methods of collection were first introduced. Jointly preparedassessments including an individual knowledge assessment, a

Conference Session

Curricular Developments in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wei-Jer Han, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division: Perspectives on Engineering Ethics Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amir Hedayati Mehdiabadi, University of New Mexico; Rebecca Atadero, Colorado State University

)systematically assessing disparities in opportunities and outcomes caused by structures andsystems and (2) by addressing these disparities through meaningful inclusion and representationof affected communities and individuals, targeted actions, and changes in institutional structuresand systems to remove barriers and increase pathways to success,” [43]. Identifying barriers andincreasing pathways applies to both marginalized populations within engineering education andpractice and the communities and populations served by engineering. This study plans to answerhow justice and equity considerations have been addressed in the engineering professionalsocieties’ documents.Although the dictionary definition of diversity, “the practice or quality of including

Conference Session

Pedagogy in Chemical Engineering Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stuart Adler, University of Washington

load. Thus this author would onlyadvise faculty to flip a course if they can make arrangements with their Chair for 1 quarter or 1semester teaching release the year prior to flipping the course. Although the instructor of thecourse will recover some of their development time in subsequent years of teaching the course,they probably need to teach the course 3 or 4 additional years to fully recover the time spentflipping it. Also, the high student contact time under a flipped classroom structure does notdecrease over time as lecture prep time does. This is something chairs and faculty need tounderstand and plan on before flipping a course.Another factor impacting the difficulty of flipping a class is familiarity with the course material.This

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division - Innovative Changes to the Typical Civil Engineering Coursework.

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Deborah Besser, University of St. Thomas; Anna Roiger, University of St. Thomas; Nick Pawlak; Emma Sullivan, University of St. Thomas

lifelong learning plan tosupport one’s own professional development. Additionally, the civil engineer should advocatefor lifelong learning in the practice of civil engineering [1].In addition to the practical need for an ability to acquire new knowledge and the professionalendorsement of this need, there is a recent and compelling justification for students to developnew knowledge using appropriate learning strategies. Recent challenges including pandemicstress, shifting learning delivery systems, mental health complications, loss of learningcommunities and decreased student motivation have sharpened the need to understand learningmotivation in the context of wellbeing. By providing learners with an understanding of how theylearn and how learning

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division Technical Session - Empathy, Metacognitive Skills, and Perceptions of Success

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephanie Lunn, Georgia Institute of Technology; Cristi Bell-Huff, Georgia Institute of Technology

].We developed an eight-week, extra-curricular, story-focused learning experience for engineeringstudents. This synchronous experience afforded students the opportunity to network and considertheir pathways to engineering while encouraging them to think about their legacy. We called theprogram Exploring LegaCs (which stands for the Life stories of Engineers Growing, Acting onCuriosity, Connections, Creating value)1 . In conjunction with faculty from four other institutions,we designed lessons and plans to coach students on how to develop and deliver stories, while alsoreflecting on their pathways to the field and the long term mark they want to leave on the world.Over the course of the experience, we considered the impact of storytelling on

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division - Mechanics Applied and the Best in Five... Get Ready!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jakob Bruhl, United States Military Academy; Joseph Hanus, United States Military Academy; Kevin McMullen, United States Military Academy; Brett Rocha, United States Military Academy

the retention of select concepts from atwo-course sequence covering statics and mechanics of materials, (2) identify students withretention concerns and assist in recovery of concept skills, and (3) assess the impact of changesto assessment methods in the mechanics of materials course.The study began with a thorough literature review to determine the body of knowledge withrespect to engineering mechanics retention and diagnostic testing, appropriate data analysis ofsuch testing, and appropriate means for sharing the results. The planning and preparation of thestudy included selecting the critical engineering mechanics concepts, creating and proofing thediagnostic exams, and scheduling the exams. The critical concepts were selected based on an

Conference Session

LEAD Technical Session 1: Fostering Leadership Identity Development and DEI in Engineering Students and Professionals

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katreena Thomas, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus

recruitment efforts were shifted from the original plan due to thecancellation of the in-person NSBE Convention due to COVID-19. Participants were thenrecruited through virtual contact with NSBE leaders and minority engineering program (MEP)directors. This information was collected through a demographic survey that allowed them todescribe any extracurricular involvement and leadership roles during their engineering journey.Five participants were involved in this study. The participants identified themselves as Black andeither graduated recently (within five years) with an engineering degree or were enrolled in anengineering degree program either at the undergraduate or graduate level. Information regardingtheir backgrounds is included in Table 1

Conference Session

ERM: New Research Methods and Tools

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nadia Kellam, Arizona State University; Madeleine Jennings, Arizona State University, Polytechnic Campus

, and storied voices.With this paper, we plan to extend this prior work and analyze these recently publishedmanuscripts in our community to better understand our relationships with data. Throughuncovering these relationships with data, we will be able to develop a deeper understanding ofthe engineering education community’s current values and epistemologies. Moreover, we maybegin to critically consider some of the ways that we collect and analyze data that we have takenfor granted.BackgroundAccording to Beddoes [3], EER draws from interdisciplinary fields that range fromepistemologically positivist to postmodern; however, EER seems to continue to favor morepositivist works that adhere to traditional concepts of “rigor,” compared to critical or

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Walker, University of Texas at Dallas; Laura Gelles, University of Texas at Dallas

our large public research university, weengaged in a retention study using available institutional data and senior exit surveys. Thisanalysis illuminated how factors such as student preparation (e.g., calculus readiness) andlogistical issues (e.g., degree plan complexity, difficulty getting into classes) impact retention.While informative, this data only captured the experiences of the students who were successfullyretained, emphasized the results of the dominant student population within engineering, andcould only point to less easily measured factors such as social and pedagogical experiences. Thiscombined with student reported dissatisfaction with the quality of teaching, qualitative responsesciting a lack of social experiences, and a

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 2: Peer Mentoring/Learning, Teaching Assistants, and Career Mentorship

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Darcie Christensen, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Idalis Villanueva, University of Florida

importantto explore nuances in peer mentoring connected to gender and race. While this work did notemphasize on these differences given the homogenous population of the study (Table 1, [31]).ConclusionWhile exploratory and introductory in nature, the recommendations garnered from studentresponses are valuable to the future of equity for students in virtual peer mentoring situations.Based on participant responses to common barriers and suggestions on what the college can do,this help can and should come through integrating both typical face-to-face and virtualopportunities to all students, providing opportunities early and continually throughout theundergraduate engineering years, talking about peer mentorship often, and planning a variety

Conference Session

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hao He, University of Missouri - Columbia; Heather Hunt; Suzanne Burgoyne; Joshua Saboorizadeh

, and indulgence-restraint. In Hofstede’s definitions, collectivism-individualism describes the extent to whichpeople value group wisdom compared to individual ideas; power distance describes theextent to which subordinates accept the unequal power distribution in an organization or asociety; uncertainty avoidance describes the extent to which members of an organization or asociety feel comfortable or uncomfortable in uncertain circumstances; masculinity-femininitydescribes the extent to which people respect men’s values versus women’s values; long-termversus short-term normative orientation describes the extent to which a long-term or short-term plan or schedule may impact creativity within an organization or a society; and finally,indulgence

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 1: Adapting to COVID and other Design Challenges

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Christopher Rennick, University of Waterloo; Eugene Li, University of Waterloo; Michael Lenover, University of Waterloo; Wesley Blankespoor; Sanjeev Bedi, University of Waterloo

,construction, testing, and reflection. Design Days provide an early exposure to the designprocess; give students practice with handling ambiguity and uncertainty, working andcommunicating in teams; and connect their many courses both with each other, and with a real-world context. By the end of 2019, this high-impact format had taken root in first year for allprograms within engineering, and planning began for new activities in second and third year.After 4 years of creating and implementing Design Days activities, a few lessons had beenlearned: we needed a source of interesting, relevant, discipline-specific problems; and as thecomplexity of the activities would need to grow for the more mature students that we were nowtargeting, we needed a source

Conference Session

Session 8 - Track 2: Resistance to advocacy around hidden curriculum in engineering

Collection

2023 Collaborative Network for Computing and Engineering Diversity (CoNECD)

Authors

Victoria Beth Sellers, University of Florida; R. Jamaal Downey; Idalis Villanueva Alarcón, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

CoNECD Paper Sessions, Diversity

examine the resistance toadvocacy efforts, which hinders increased representation, participation, and belonging inengineering. We did not initially plan to explain why individuals resist advocacy efforts, yet ourongoing research into self-efficacy and self-advocacy around HC messages in engineeringpositioned us to examine individuals’ resistance to advocacy. Our previous HC research hasfocused on women [9], undergraduate and graduate students [7], and faculty members [17] inengineering who utilize their self-efficacy to understand and cope with negative HC messages.Since this past research focused on individuals’ strategies, we have not considered theexperiences of individuals who are resistant to self-advocacy, or advocacy for others

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 8 - Design Methodologies

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michaela Grover, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities; Natasha Wright, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities; Jennifer Hoody, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities; Carlye Lauff, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities

Sustainability, Energy, and the Environment at the University of Dayton in 2020. In 2022, she received her MS in Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley within the Energy, Civil Infrastructure, and Climate program. During her master’s program, she gained further experience conducting research and working with underserved communities on a local and national level. Jennifer will be beginning her PhD at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities in the fall of 2022, where she plans to continue research focused on engineering for global and sustainable development, with specific interests in the water-energy-food nexus.Carlye Lauff Dr. Carlye Lauff is an Assistant Professor of Product Design at the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erica Cline; Menaka Abraham; Sarah Alaei; Heather Dillon, University of Washington, Tacoma; Joyce Dinglasan-Panlilio; Jutta Beneken Heller; Zaher Kmail; Seung-Jin Lee, University of Washington, Tacoma; Eva Yihua Ma; Marc Nahmani; Amanda K Sesko; Ka Yee Yeung

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Diversity Program,” presented at the 2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Jun. 2017. Accessed: Feb. 12, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://peer.asee.org/fostering-an-asset-mindset-to-broaden-participation-through-the-transf ormation-of-an-engineering-diversity-program[10] M. J. Graham, J. Frederick, A. Byars-Winston, A.-B. Hunter, and J. Handelsman, “Increasing Persistence of College Students in STEM,” Science, vol. 341, no. 6153, pp. 1455–1456, Sep. 2013, doi: 10.1126/science.1240487.[11] K. R. Schneider, A. Bickel, and A. Morrison-Shetlar, “Planning and Implementing a Comprehensive Student-Centered Research Program for First-Year STEM Undergraduates,” J. Coll. Sci. Teach., vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 37–43, 2015

Conference Session

AERO 1: Rocketry and Space Education

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Irving Buchwald, Clarkson University; Michael C.F. Bazzocchi, Clarkson University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace Division (AERO)

) that is an API used tocontrol radio equipment via a computer interface [47]. These software are controlled by theSatNOGS network through a terminal-based boot on the Raspberry Pi. There are other softwareincorporated into the network to demodulate some of the different types of data collected byground stations. The software can also be used to demodulate data on the student end. TheSatNOGS OS allows it to be remotely accessed, using the Raspberry Pi’s IP address, to manuallyset observations.4.4 Laboratory ActivitiesThe laboratory activities were designed to fulfill all the learning objectives previouslymentioned. There are five planned laboratory activities with each activity building upon the nextand becoming more open-ended. Specifically

Conference Session

Architectural Engineering Division (ARCHE) Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel Cartuche; victor R viteri; Miguel Andres Guerra, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ; Homero Murzi, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Architectural Engineering Division (ARCHE)

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James P. Becker, Montana State University, Bozeman; Douglas J. Hacker, University of Utah; Christine Johnson

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE) Technical Session 8: Assessment, Framworks, Standards, Oh My!

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tyler S. Love, University of Maryland Eastern Shore; Brandt Hutzel, Pennsylvania Department of Education; Sharon Brusic, Millersville University of Pennsylvania

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

with each standard. These boxes closely resemble the format of those created for the NGSS [Fig. 8]. • Curriculum Frameworks: Provides a roadmap for curriculum development.• Instructional Resources: Examples of lesson plans aligned with the new standards, teaching observation rubrics, and other resources to assist educators and school districts.• Curriculum Resources: Vetted resources from national standards documents aimed to assist educators and school districts in developing standards-aligned curriculum while also meeting the needs specific to their community and students.• Research Resources: Articles and reports related to NGSS and STEL research studies.• Professional Learning: Recorded training sessions covering

Conference Session

Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 7

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Harpreet Auby, Tufts University; Milo Koretsky, Tufts University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

Halston’suse of “praise” equalizes the voice and input of a lower-status student relative to a higher-statusstudent. Deliberate use of praise to boost self-esteem requires much thought on an LA's partbecause they need to be attentive to the motivations they bring into their instructional moves andmake sure that they recognize specific competencies in assigning praise (as opposed to generic,effusive praise).Understanding how LAs construct and understand what status-based inequalities look like withinthe classroom and how they plan to navigate them has important implications for interpretingtheir role as potential status interventionists. LAs are mediators in various aspects of a student’slearning, and their roles as agents within the classroom activity

Conference Session

Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY) Technical Session 2

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nrupaja Bhide, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Yağmur Önder, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Sydney Free, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Michael Dunham, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Dhinesh Balaji Radhakrishnan, Purdue University, West Lafayette ; Jennifer Deboer, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

changes. The iteration aims to ground our work in praxis [12] and transform thecurriculum through reflective action.Conceptualizing the engineering curriculumWe would like to start by clarifying what we mean by a curriculum because the definitions ofa curriculum range from everything that happens in a course [13] to a plan for learning [14]to the materials used for teaching [15], [16]. The word curriculum is often not even defined inthe literature, assuming a shared understanding of this word. However, it is crucial to definecurricula since they are not ahistorical or apolitical. Like knowledge, curricula are sociallyconstructed and reflect the ideologies of those in power [15]–[18]. Dei [18] insists that thecurriculum is “a social construction

Conference Session

Student Division (STDT) Technical Session 1: Student Success and Mentoring

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Duncan H. Mullins, State University of New York, Buffalo ; AraOluwa Adaramola, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Student Division (STDT)

just always have to take a second and then engage (in) teacher mode.Author 1 described a difficult conversation with a student who was not meeting up with theiracademic expectations halfway into the semester (1AA). Because this student cried during thisconversation, she had to be empathic and sensitive while offering advice about changing theiracademic outcome. Both authors also recalled the challenge of effectively communicating valuablelearning objectives to the students through conversations and the types of assessments andstructure of the classroom (2AA, 2DM).Flexibility: This sub-theme describes the instructor’s willingness to deviate from set plans andadapt in real-time to unexpected situations

Conference Session

Using Computation and Modeling, Engineering Physics and Physics Division (EP2D) Technical Session 3

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ruben D. Lopez-Parra, University of New Mexico; Ravishankar Chatta Subramaniam; Jason Morphew, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics and Physics Division (EP2D)

observe teams as they were creating their flowcharts, the rationale for studentdecisions in creating the flowchart are not always clear. We plan to collect process data in futureresearch to better understand the students decision making when producing the flowcharts. FindingsThis study explored the extent to which undergraduate students developed CT skills whenengaging in a physics lab integrated with ED and CT tasks. The six teams included in this studydemonstrated development across four facets of CT (i.e., decomposition, abstraction, algorithmdesign, and debugging) while working on designing their flowcharts. The following paragraphsdescribe evidence for how teams developed within each CT facet

Conference Session

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT) Technical Session 5

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robin A.M. Hensel, West Virginia University; Katerina Goseva-Popstojanova, West Virginia University; Sadaf Amna Sarwari

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computing and Information Technology Division (CIT)

. Similarly, ACCESS students appear to haveincreased their confidence in being able to approach a faculty or staff member to get assistancewith academic problems between the 2021 and 2022 surveys. This result may be explained bythe changing population of ACCESS students. All 2021 survey respondents were in their firstyear of the ACCESS program, while among 2022 survey respondents some students were intheir first and other in their second year of the ACCESS program. The variation of time in theACCESS program, along with the natural maturity gained by completing another year of collegeand life, may explain some of the increase.Future work may include augmenting the survey with additional questions related to the sense ofbelonging. Furthermore, we plan