Conference Session

Approaches to Learning Outcomes Assessment in Liberal Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kyle Oliver, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Traci Nathans-Kelly; Sandra Courter, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Laura Grossenbacher, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

writing and speaking • Outcome 5: Identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems related to professional and ethical responsibilities, including interdisciplinary approaches to said problemsOur three-pronged assessment scheme measured success of the learning outcomes through (1)interviews with a student focus group and with individual instructors; (2) written student surveys,including a short mid-semester evaluation and Elaine Seymour’s Student Assessment ofLearning Gains (SALG) protocol at the end of the semester; and (3) review of the onlinediscussion forum transcripts and the final research projects. Results suggest that studentssatisfactorily achieved Outcomes 1–3 but that adjustments should be made to the course to

Conference Session

Research in Minority Issues

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Turns, University of Washington; Angela Linse, Temple University; Tammy VanDeGrift, University of Portland; Matt Eliot, University of Washington; Jana Jones, Microsoft Corp.; Steve Lappenbusch, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

importance of the need for diversity2 andpercentages of underrepresented students in engineering have increased over the past 20 years3.Yet, the current numbers of minorities and women in student populations are still well belowparity with their distribution in the U.S. population. Current and projected demographic changesand the economic realities of the global economy have resulted in mounting pressures to meetfuture demands for a workforce that includes engineers more representative of the diversitypresent in the U.S. population.As the 21st century proceeds, a growing number of students will come from ethnic, cultural, orgender groups not typically seen at high frequencies in engineering classes. Among the manychallenges this poses for the

Conference Session

Restructuring/Rethinking STEM

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nicola Sochacka, University of Georgia; Kelly Woodall Guyotte, University of Georgia; Joachim Walther, University of Georgia; Nadia N. Kellam, University of Georgia

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Paper ID #6555Faculty Reflections on a STEAM-Inspired Interdisciplinary Studio CourseDr. Nicola Sochacka, University of Georgia Dr. Nicola Sochacka received her doctorate in Engineering Epistemologies from the University of Queens- land (Brisbane, Australia). She currently holds a research and teaching position at the University of Geor- gia where she transfers her expertise in qualitative research methodologies to a variety of research contexts at the intersection of social and technological issues. This includes engineering education projects con- cerned with transdisciplinary education, student reflection, and

Conference Session

Engineering Student Experiences

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Blum, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Conference Session

Beyond Students: Issues of Underrepresentation among Parents and Professionals

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Scott Hofacker PE, US Army

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

billioncompanies spend annually on diversity programs to create opportunity and inclusion strategiesfor minority groups5,6, including black engineers. Organizations typically enter into diversityprograms for one of two reasons: legal obligation or fairness4. There are many case studies ofsuccessful organizational diversity initiatives, and multi-organization case studies aswell13,45,48,49,50,51,52,53,54. Organizational diversity efforts may manifest themselves in trainingprograms and employee feedback47; as components of performance evaluations, in the form ofinclusion projects, as social networking, as the responsibility of management, in the form ofmentoring systems, and in affinity groups45

Conference Session

Undergraduate Retention Activities

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Laura Kramer

succeed in their selected field of study16. When faculty adhereto traditional grading practices (such as the imposition of curves), they have a differential impacton women students. Faculty differ in their views of, strategies for, and success at creating an atmosphere thatfosters learning.12 The subject matter of projects and problems, the fit between pedagogical andlearning styles, and classroom "climate" have each been discussed as influences that affectretention, particularly the retention of students of color and women students. Faculty practicesfrequently mentioned in the retention literature include: the use of study and project groups,exam construction, time pressure on tests (and tactics for neutralizing it); incorporation

Conference Session

Graduate Aerospace Systems Engineering Design

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Conrad Newberry

brings science,economics (cost and financing), production, material selection, ascetics, form, function, humanfactors, logistics, operations, deployment, disposal, and every other facet of the project to an Page 10.56.7acceptable need solution. Acceptable solutions are usually sought because optimal solutions Proceedings of the 2005 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & ExpositionCopyright ©2005 by C.F. Newberry. Published by the American Society for Engineering Education with permission.often cost more than they are worth – although optimal solutions tend to satisfy the “scientific”sense of order

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 6

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Qin Liu, University of Toronto; Greg Evans P.Eng., University of Toronto; Oliver Pan, University of Toronto

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

that most of the papers with a focus onstudent engagement (139 in total) that were published between 2003 to 2023 reported howvarious educational interventions, such as use of distinctive pedagogies (e.g., project-basedlearning [2]; service learning [3]; game-based learning [4]), could enhance student engagement.While these studies contribute to identifying effective pedagogical approaches to enhancing theengagement of students at large, they were not designed to investigate who were more, or less,engaged in the educational practice; therefore, they do not inform how those students who wereless engaged in learning could be better supported to achieve optimal learning outcomes

Conference Session

Transfer Issues Between 2-Year Colleges and 4-Year Engineering and Engineering Technology Programs 1

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Caroline Lubbe, University of Florida; Sindia M. Rivera-Jiménez, University of Florida; Justin Ortagus, University of Florida; Hope Allegra Allchin, University of Florida; Sofia Isabel Montiel, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Two-Year College Division (TYCD)

to four-year universities to studyengineering bring a diverse range of experiences and perspectives, which greatly contribute to thefield of engineering and help national and regional workforce development. However, thesestudents face specific challenges, referred to as the vertical transfer penalty, when they transfer tofour-year universities. This can lead to lower completion rates for community college starterscompared to students who start at four-year universities. The issue seems to be related to factorsregarding the students' experiences, institutional characteristics, and geographic location. Thisstudy marks the initial stage of a comprehensive research project aiming to compare historicaltransfer student data over the past two

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 1

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anna Li Coffman, University of Oklahoma; Javeed Kittur, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

the five hierarchical levels of the affective domain (seeTable 1 for details on hierarchical levels). Finally, participants were asked (Q11) which of thethree domains they preferred to learn with and why. It should be noted that this interview consistedof questions about all three domains, and the results were split into three papers to better emphasizethe findings related to each domain of learning. In this paper, we focus only on the affective domainof learning. Readers interested in understanding more about the research on cognitive andpsychomotor domain are directed to the other papers from this project [2-3].Q1: How do you perceive learning as a process?Learning is an integral part of our lives. Each one of us learns the same things

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED) - AI and Digital Futures in Design Education

Collection

2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniene Byrne Ph.D., Stony Brook University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education Division (DEED)

AI technology. Findings supportcoursework related to engineering ethics and societal impacts, engineering policycommunication, and design projects focused on GenAI. Documents are presentedchronologically and interwoven with government initiatives to demonstrate the impact ofExecutive Orders on shaping AIs’ outcomes. Findings will enhance future engineers’ expertise inthe realities, challenges, and impacts of developing and responsibly governing AIs.IntroductionThe National Academies of Science and Engineering pointed out “Computing research has anobligation to support human flourishing, thriving societies, and a healthy planet [1]”. Thisobligation is a matter of taking responsibility and embedding responsible practices and policiesin AI

Conference Session

Research Methodologies – Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy L. Brooks, Oregon State University; James L. Huff, Harding University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

for assessing interviewquality was developed as part of a larger, ongoing research project that is using IPA. From theIPA perspective, in-depth, one-on-one interviews effectively allow participants to recount richand detailed experiences in their lives [1]. The nature of semi- or unstructured interviews meanthat things can and do change throughout the course of the interview, and so, while it is commonto develop an interview protocol for an IPA interview, it generally serves the purpose ofpreparation for likely content and determining the appropriate order of questions rather thanstrict interview instructions. The interview quality reflection tool (IQRT)The development of the IQRT emerged as part of the ongoing IPA

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering Division (TELPhE) Technical Session 2

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

R. Alan Cheville, Bucknell University; Sarah Appelhans, Bucknell University; Stewart Thomas, Bucknell University; Rebecca Thomas, Bucknell University

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering Division (TELPhE)

/ethnicity, and immigration status among semiconductor en- gineers. She is currently the resident social scientist in the Electrical Engineering Department at Bucknell, exploring how to teach convergent (”deeply integrative”) problems to undergraduate engineers. Past re- search projects include studies of governance in engineering education and the influence of educational technology on engineering education.Dr. Stewart Thomas, Bucknell University Stewart Thomas is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania. He received the B.S. and M.Eng. in Electrical Engi- neering from the University of Louisville in Louisville, KY. and the Ph.D. in

Collection

2004 GSW

Authors

Chau Kim Tran; Amir Karimi

Texas Tech University Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering Educationconditions, relationships involving pressure, P, temperature, T, and the specific volume, vare known as equation of state and have the functional form: f (P,v,T) = 0In general, a functional relationship among any three properties could be call an equationof state. An equation of state serves two useful purposes. Its most obvious use is in theprediction of the PvT behavior of a substance over the desired range of values. Theequilibrium states of a simple compressible substance can be represented by a surfacePvT on a Cartesian coordinate system. The projection of a typical surface onto the P vplane is shown in

Conference Session

Disciplinary Engineering Education Research – Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew M. Grondin, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Michael I. Swart, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Arushi Renschler Pandey, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Katherine Fu, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Mitchell Nathan, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

environments for mathematics education that rely heavily on students’ own comprehension processes for self-evaluation and self-directed learning (so-called unintelligent tutoring systems). Prof. Nathan has authored over 100 peer-reviewed publications, given more than 120 presen- tations at professional meetings, and has secured over $25M in research funds to investigate and improve STEM learning, reasoning and instruction. Among his projects, Dr. Nathan directed the IERI-funded STAAR Project, which studied the transition from arithmetic to algebraic reasoning, served as Co-PI for ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2023

Conference Session

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division (DELOS) Technical Session 4: Bring Your Own Experiments +

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alyssa Catherine Taylor, University of California, San Diego; Molly Y. Mollica, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies Division (DELOS)

engineering and design work.Dr. Molly Y. Mollica, University of Maryland, Baltimore County Molly Y. Mollica (she/her) is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC). Dr. Mollica earned her B.S. in Biomedical Engineering from Ohio State University (OSU), M.S. in Mechanical Engineering from OSU, and Ph.D. in bioengineering at the University of Washington. She also trained as a postdoctoral scholar-fellow at Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute. Molly’s wetlab research interests are at the intersection of engineering mechanics, mechanobiology, and health equity. Her educational research interests are in community-engaged learning, project-based

Conference Session

Interdisciplinary Integration and Sociotechnical Thinking: The Big Picture

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kari Zacharias, University of Manitoba; Jillian Seniuk Cicek, University of Manitoba; Lydia Wilkinson, University of Toronto; Chantal Rodier; Laura M. Patterson, University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus; Renato B. Rodrigues, University of Manitoba; Ken Tallman, University of Toronto

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society Division (LEES)

educational structures and practices, to recognize,confront, and address the harms of settler colonialism and anti-Indigeneity (e.g. [7]).Our focus on four distinct transdisciplinary approaches reflected the conference’s theme, but alsospoke to the sometimes amorphous identity of the SIG itself. The SIG is made up of membersworking in non-traditional engineering education spaces, including projects and initiativesfocusing on sociotechnical knowledge and humanistic engineering, arts and humanitiesintegration within core engineering curricula, communication and teamwork instruction,transdisciplinary integration of leadership, and decolonizing engineering education. Itsmembership includes engineers who have developed transdisciplinary research and

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division (FYP) - Technical Session 4: Supporting Success 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristin Kelly Frady, Clemson University; Randi Sims, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs Division (FYP)

education- ally based research projects with an emphasis on statistical analyses and big data. ©American Society for Engineering Education, 2023 Use of Transfer Student Capital in Engineering and STEM Education: A Systematic Literature Review1. Introduction This complete research paper presents a systematic literature review that synthesizes theuse of Laanan’s theory of transfer student capital in postsecondary vertical college transfers,specifically focusing on use in engineering and Science, Technology, Engineering, andMathematics (STEM) education [1]. The motivation for this research stems from a need to betterunderstand the theory of transfer student capital, which

Conference Session

The Best of Computers in Education

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Rukangu, University of Georgia; John Ray Morelock, University of Georgia; Kyle Johnsen, University of Georgia

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education Division (COED)

projects can foster the inclusion of students with learning disabilities (Daniela and Lytras, 2019; Nanou and Karampatzakis, 2022). In the case of tertiary education, industrial-scale robots are used to prepare students for careers in industry by emphasizing aspects such as hardware, software, and human-machine interfaces (Nagai, 2001; Brell-Çokcan and Braumann, 2013). However, industrial-scale robots are expensive to purchase. In addition, there is usually some oversight over their usage due to time-sharing and to prevent damage, which prevents "free-play" by students. Some solutions to this include the use of miniature robots and the use of online labs (Mallik and Kapila, 2020; Stein and Lédeczi, 2021). Though these reduce the cost of the setups

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering Division (TELPhE) Technical Session 1

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tyler Thomas Procko, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University ; Omar Ochoa, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Christina Frederick, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

Tagged Divisions

Technological and Engineering Literacy/Philosophy of Engineering Division (TELPhE)

many projects: eyeball tear glucose monitoring [3] and measuringintraocular pressure [4]. Mojo Vision has developed a very powerful, general-purpose augmented reality contact lensas of 2021 [5]. State-of-the-art techniques for constructing soft contact lenses with wireless circuits embedded in themare well under way [6]. Visual prostheses, or smart bionic eyes, are a subject of recent discussion [7]. Clearly, modern technology has the potential to be used in cheating, academically oriented or otherwise. Thispotential will likely only increase as microelectronics become more available to the public. Mobile phones areexceedingly common personal devices, with 95.5% of high school students owning one [8]. In the classroom, they arethe objects

Conference Session

Teaching Tools: Student Experience and Reflection (NEE)

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anu Singh, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Heidi A. Diefes-Dux, University of Nebraska, Lincoln

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators Division (NEE)

engineeringknowledge and skills. In the course, students were assigned the role of associate engineers fora consulting group. The associates were responsible for providing engineering expertise torural communities to assist in developing local small agricultural and food manufacturingbusinesses and start-ups. Students were informed and familiarized with the course design,their roles, and activities in the early weeks of the semester. In class, limited time was allottedfor lectures on technical content and more on engaging students in workplace-like activitiessuch as discussions, training problems, and projects. Students were expected to completetraditional course lecture material outside of class so that class time could be efficientlyutilized to answer

Conference Session

Graduate Studies Division (GSD) Technical Session 6: Challenges and Coping Strategies of Engineering Graduate Students

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Liesl Klein, Villanova University; Greg J. Strimel, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI)

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies Division (GSD)

Paper ID #38851Literature Exploration of Graduate Student Well-Being as Related toAdvisingDr. Liesl Klein, Villanova University Liesl Krause-Klein is a assistant teaching professor at Villanova University in their electrical and computer engineering department. She graduated from Purdue University’s Polytechnic institute in 2022. Her research focused on student well-being. She is currently in charge of curriculum for capstone projects within her department.Dr. Greg J. Strimel, Purdue University at West Lafayette (PPI) Greg J. Strimel, Ph.D., is an associate professor of Technology Leadership and Innovation and program

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Saharnaz Baghdadchi, University of California, San Diego; Alex Phan, University of California, San Diego; Carolyn Sandoval, University of California, San Diego; Huihui Qi, University of California, San Diego; Marko Lubarda, University of California, San Diego; Nathan Delson, University of California, San Diego

robotics, biomedical devices, and engineering education. He teaches introductory design, mechanics, mechatronics, capstone design, medical devices, and product design & entrepreneurship. His interests in design education includes increasing student motivation, teamwork, hands-on projects, and integration of theory into design projects. In 1999 he co- founded Coactive Drive Corporation (currently General Vibration), a company that provides haptic solutions. In 2016 Nate co-founded eGrove Education, Inc. an educational software company focused on teaching sketching and spatial visualization skills.Carolyn L Sandoval (Associate Director) © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division: Approaches to Ethics Education (Part 1)

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erin Henslee, Wake Forest University; Adetoun Yeaman, Wake Forest University; Joseph Wiinikka-Lydon, Wake Forest University

KEEN’s Rising Star award. Her grants related to inclusive pedagogy include a recent Engineering Unleashed Fellowship and an NSF project on developing inclusive Making/Makerspace curriculum through faculty development and training. She is also passionate about open education resources (OER) and open pedagogy and using food/baking to explain STEM concepts. She received her BS degrees in Engineering Science and Mechanics and Computational Mathematics from Virginia Tech, her MS degree in Biomedical Engineering from Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University, her PhD in Biomedical Engineering, and a graduate certificate in Teaching and Learning from the University of Surrey. Her current research spans cell electrophysiology

Conference Session

CIT Division Technical Session #6

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sharon Ferguson, University of Toronto; James Magarian, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Alison Olechowski, University of Toronto; Katherine Mao, University of Toronto

industry projects. Dr. Olechowski completed her BSc (Engineering) at Queen’s University and her MS at MIT, both in Mechanical Engineering. Dr. Olechowski studies the processes and tools that teams of engineers use in industry as they design innovative new products.Katherine Mao Katherine is a recent graduate of the University of Toronto's Engineering Science program majoring in Robotics. She wants to build tech to transform the way humans interact with the world and has an interest in human-centered and interdisciplinary approaches to design. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Advancing a Model of Students

Conference Session

ERM: Mental Health and Wellness

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cortney Holles, Colorado School of Mines

study as an actionresearch project because, as Glesne notes, action research has “the intent to change something,to solve some sort of problem, to take action” [35, p. 18]. Furthermore, it was important for meto position myself as a research practitioner and study my own practice. Bullough and Pinnegarsuggested self-studies should “seek to improve the learning situation not only for the self but forthe other” and “attend carefully to persons in context or setting” [36, p. 17-18]. I intend to applythese findings to my own practice and hope to influence the practices of other individualprofessors and to other programs or institutions as I collaborate with peers and disseminate myfindings. Stringer argues that “by working collaboratively

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 3 - Humanitarian Design

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noah Bezanson; Dhinesh Radhakrishnan, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Jennifer Deboer, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Nafissa Maïga

in contrast to Zimbabwe. Engineers were represented wearingformal attire, wearing a tie (for male representations) and skirt (for female) and carrying abriefcase. Equal amounts of representation were engineers wearing protective gear such as hardhats and boots, but a few of the images also included a construction site that showcased theengineer as a supervisor for a project. These depictions are in-line with the idea of engineering asa high-status professional activity compared to more hands-on representations seen inZimbabwe. Figure 1: Gender depiction of engineersIn both the Zimbabwean and Senegalese contexts, there were many drawings of engineers of anindiscernible gender (44% in Zimbabwe, 58% in Senegal). These

Collection

2023 Rocky Mountain Section Conference

Authors

Ben Weihrauch

. The bonds of “shared struggle” wereforged through study groups, course project teams, and senior capstone project. Studyparticipants reported forming peer study groups to be crucial to their academic learning andformation of social connections. Daniel was proactive in starting and joining study groups: Because most of them were engineers, we just started studying together. So, I just met people in my dorm that were like exceptionally good in certain subjects. One guy literally sat down for two hours to teach me a concept that like I was really struggling with. So having a friend group to fall back on if I don’t understand something has been big for me.When study participants entered “in their major,” they reported

Conference Session

Minorities in Engineering Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amy Walker, University of Texas at Dallas; Laura Gelles, University of Texas at Dallas

Junior Faculty Award, a DuPont Young Professor Grant (2006-2009), a 2008 ACS PROGRESS/Dreyfus Lectureship and a Fellow of the AVS (2015). Amy served as the 2020 AVS President and is currently an Associate Editor of the Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Exploring Climate and Student Persistence in Engineering and Computer Science through Engineering Culture (Work in Progress)AbstractThis work in progress (WIP) paper describes the initial stages of a project to explore students’perceived climate and how that influences their persistence within engineering and

Conference Session

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hao He, University of Missouri - Columbia; Heather Hunt; Suzanne Burgoyne; Joshua Saboorizadeh

Paper ID #37619How (Inter)national Engineering Faculty Members Perceiveand Teach Creativity: A Cultural PerspectiveHao He Hao He is currently a Ph.D. candidate from the School of Information Science and Learning Technologies at the University of Missouri-Columbia, with research interests in engineering education, creativity fostering, virtual reality learning environment, and game-based learning. He received his BA in English Language and Literature from Zhejiang University City College in China in 2008 and then worked as an English teacher and an instructional project manager for seven years. He received his