Conference Session

Experimentation and Laboratory-oriented Studies Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cyrus Habibi P.E., University of Wisconsin, Platteville; Darius Fieschko, University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace, Experimentation and Laboratory-Oriented Studies

course can beplaced into an engineering curriculum to address the advanced topics. While we are planning anew full course on PLCs, we will continue placing the PLC module into the Introduction toProjects and Tools course.References[1] S. He, H. Rahemi, K. Mouaouya, “Teaching PLC Programming and Industrial Automation in MechatronicsEngineering,” 122nd ASEE annual conference and exposition, Seattle, WA 2015.[2] R, Liu, “Global PLC market returns to growth in 2017, after two-year contraction”,IHSMarkit, https://technology.ihs.com/584279/global-plc-market-returns-to-growth-in-2017-after-two-year-contraction, 2018.[3] GlobeNewsWire,” Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) - Worldwide Market Outlook to 2023, Driven by theIncreased Need to Reduce

Conference Session

Integration of Current Issues into Manufacturing

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sang Hoo Oh, Florida State University; Marcia A. Mardis, Florida A&M University/Florida State University; Faye R. Jones, Florida State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

Future DirectionsIn this brief review of literature relating to Industry 4.0’s implications for South Korea, it is clearthat Industry 4.0 has the potential to transform South Korea’s future workforce. This developingphenomenon offers several opportunities for researchers. Promising areas for explorationinclude:1. What sorts of competency skills would be required for advanced manufacturing workers tosurvive in Industry 4.0?McKinsey Global Institute [9] recommended that workers seek additional education and trainingto adapt to an automated workplace. In the context of South Korea’s two-year technical collegeprograms, researchers may wish to investigate the extent to which current curricula containsadvanced manufacturing topics and reflects

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kaitlin Tyler, ANSYS Inc.; Claes Fredriksson, ANSYS Granta; Hannah Melia, ANSYS Inc.

Tagged Divisions

Materials

conceptual framework for differentiating learning activities,” Top. Cogn. Sci., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 73–105, 2009.[2] K. P. Cross, “Not can, butwill college teaching be improved?,” New Dir. High. Educ., vol. 1977, no. 17, pp. 1–15, 1977, doi: 10.1002/he.36919771703.[3] M. Prince, “Does active learning work? A review of the research,” J. Eng. Educ., vol. 93, no. July, pp. 223–231, 2004, doi: 10.1038/nature02568.[4] C. C. Bonwell and J. A. Eison, Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the Classroom. 1991 ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Reports. ERIC, 1991.[5] S. Freeman et al., “Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., vol. 111, no. 23, pp. 8410

Conference Session

Engineering Physics and Physics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Genaro Zavala, Tecnologico de Monterrey and Universidad Andres Bello; Carlos Eduardo Martinez-Torteya, Tecnologico de Monterrey

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics and Physics

. Spec. Top. - Phys. Educ. Res., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1–58, 2014.[2] L. Deslauriers, E. Schelew, and C. Wieman, “Improved Learning in a Large-Enrollment Physics Class,” Science, vol. 332, no. 6031, pp. 862–864, 2011.[3] P. S. Shaffer and L. C. Mcdermott, “A research-based approach to improving student understanding of the vector nature of kinematical concepts: vectors and operational definitions,” Am. J. Phys., vol. 73, no. 10, pp. 921–931, 2005.[4] Zavala, G., & Martinez-Torteya, C. E., “Students’ Abilities to Solve RC Circuits with Research-based Educational Strategies,” in 2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Tampa, Florida, June, 2019. https://peer.asee.org/33312[5] M. A. McDaniel, S. M. Stoen, R

Collection

2019 Fall Mid Atlantic States Conference

Authors

Marvin Gayle, Queensborough Community College of the City University of New York; Dugwon Seo, Queensborough Community College; Danny Mangra, Queensborough Community College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

student retention oncethey enroll in one of our Engineering Technology programs.KeywordsSTEM, Diversity, Robotics, 3D Printing, Women in Technology.IntroductionUnderutilized Science and Engineering [S&E] human resources can have a negative impact on asociety’s ability to innovate and find creative solution to challenges. The stories of KatherineGoble, Mary Johnson, Dorothy Vaughan, and JoAnn Morgan who all worked in the STEM fieldsat NASA in the 1960’s serve to illustrate this point. A society is more successful when it finds away to harness the contribution of a diverse workplace.Queensborough Community College [QCC] of the City University of New York [CUNY] has amultifarious student population. QCC is located in one of New York City’s most

Collection

2016 St.Lawrence Section Meeting

Authors

Paul Cotae; Mahmoud Elsayed; Ira Moskowitz

On The Performance of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks: An Experimental Approach Paul Cotae, Mahmoud Elsayed Ira S. Moskowitz University of the District of Columbia Naval Research Laboratory School of Engineering and Applied Science Information Management & Decision Department of Electrical and Computer Architectures Branch, Code 5580 Engineering, Washington, DC 20008 Washington, DC 20375 pcotae@udc.edu, mahmoud.elsayed@udc.edu ira.moskowitz@nrl.navy.milAbstract -In this paper, we propose an experimental approach using both the bit error rate (BER) andsignal

Collection

2019 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Brett Whorley; Camilo Giraldo; Arjun Kamath; Molly McVey; Meagan Patterson; Carl Luchies

disagreed while another seven students remained neutral. Complementing students’ indication of higher confidence in using MATLAB-Simulink as amodeling tool, the Fall 2018 semester saw a dramatic shift in the simulation package(s) chosenby students for completing the term project (Table 2). A combined 77% of groups usedMATLAB-Simulink for their Modeling Dynamics term project in Fall 2018, compared to 40% inFall 2016 before the course restructuring. Table 2. Term Project Simulation Program Chosen Across the Two Semesters. Number of Groups Choosing: ME722 Groups MSC Adams MATLAB/Simulink Both Fall 2016 10 6 (60%) 1 (10%) 3 (30%) Fall 2018 13

Conference Session

Approaches to Learning Outcomes Assessment in Liberal Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lorraine Fleming, Howard University; Kami Carey, Howard University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

the designer to first recall and then incorporate theseconstraints into the design. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate theeffectiveness of teaching the reflection process in an engineering class in order to developintegrative, global and socially conscious engineers. Thus, this paper seeks to promoteBoyer’s (1990) argument that effective teaching stimulates “active, not passive, learningand encourage[s] students to be critical, creative thinkers, with the capacity to go onlearning after their college days are over”2 (p. 24). This study examined the effectiveness of teaching the reflection and integrationprocess in an engineering class by creating opportunities for engineering students toreflect on prior knowledge

Conference Session

Innovations in Mechanical Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Orval Powell, U.S. Air Force Academy; Michael Maixner, U.S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

General PM Test; DFEM Only, 2001-2005 Page 12.260.5 65 Average % Correct 60 55 50 er er s s

Conference Session

Instrumentation and Laboratory Systems

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Murat Tanyel, Geneva College

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Emirates University in Al-Ain, UAE where he helped set up an innovative introductory engineering curriculum. Dr. Tanyel received his B. S. degree in electrical engineering from Bo?aziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey in 1981, his M. S. degree in electrical engineering from Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA in 1985 and his Ph. D. in biomedical engineering from Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA in 1990. Page 12.382.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 Comparing the Walsh Domain to the Fourier Domain with a LabVIEW Based Communication Systems ToolkitAbstractAlthough the

Conference Session

Teaching Courses in Renewable Energy Systems

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Weissbach, Pennsylvania State University-Erie; Isaac Aunkst, General Dynamics Corporation

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

Autonomous System Power Consumption Duration Energy Load Element Current (A) Duration (s) (Hours) (Ah) System @ idle 0.059 259200 72 4.248 Movement routine 4 750 0.208 0.833 Reset movement 4 120 0.033 0.133 Battery charging -0.49 36000 10 -4.9 Total per period 0.314Based on Table 2, the energy consumed during the 72 hour period may exceed the energyavailable to

Conference Session

Special Session on Fixed-Point Education

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan Hill, University of Hartford; Hisham Alnajjar, University of Hartford; Saeid Moslehpour, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

acontinuous time filter component like a capacitor or inductor. For this low-pass filter the effectis seen in the step response. Given a step input value ws the steady state value for x can beapproximated by recognizing the familiar geometric power series. ∞ ws x s = ws ∑ K3n = = 16 ws (9) n =0 1 + K3Unlike floating point numbers where the details involving precision are handled by a processorin silent fashion, with fixed point numbers the designer is responsible. To assist in this regard,Figure 12 is the so-called plumbing diagram for the example first order low-pass

Conference Session

Modern Software Measurement Techniques

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dale Litwhiler, Pennsylvania State University-Berks

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

insertion into the flow can be determined. Figure 3. Basic Pitot-static probe construction.Assuming steady one-dimensional flow of an incompressible frictionless fluid, the followingresult for fluid velocity can be derived from Bernoulli’s equation 7, 2(p Total − p Static ) V= (1) ρ Fluidwhere, V= Fluid velocity in m/s pTotal = Total pressure in Pa pStatic = Static pressure in Pa ρFluid = Density of fluid being

Conference Session

Engineering and ET Relationships & Professional Development

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daphene Koch, College of Technology - Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

135 120 107 98 100 # of responses 87 80 74 60 40 20 0 1, No Influence 2 3, Significant Influence 4 5, Greatest Influence Response categoryFigure 2. Response Frequency for Father’s Influence DiscussionThe construction industry employs about 5.2 percent of all workers in the United States and theneed for graduates in CM is growing each year (U. S. Department of Labor, 2004). The nationalneeds have

Conference Session

Hardware Descriptive Language Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Auer, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Austria; A.Y. Al-Zoubi, Princess Sumaya University for Technology; Danilo Garbi Zutin, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Austria

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

the ispPAC10’s analog circuitry isbased on continuous-time, as opposed to switched-capacitor technology, filters implementedwith the ispPAC10 are not subject to the sampling and aliasing problems often encountered whenusing switched capacitor filters. Due to the frequencies used in the proposed experiments, it isunderstood that the sampling/aliasing problems associated with switched capacitors are far frombeing noticed, although this issue describes one feature of the ispPAC device that might beimportant depending on the application being developed. The ability to program the internalcapacitor values of the ispPAC10 allows the designer to realize thousands of distinct analogcircuits and filter characteristics from a given circuit architecture

Conference Session

Sustainability in Construction Engineering

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ifte Choudhury

Tagged Divisions

Construction

expenditure of the country has increased from Tk. 100 billion in the early1990’s to more than Tk. 200 billion in 2004. Figure 1 shows a projection of the country’sconstruction output as a percentage of GDP1. Most of the construction works are in thepublic sector. Funding for a high percentage of construction projects come frommultilateral development agencies (MDA) like the World Bank or Asian DevelopmentBank. For large MDA funded projects, the usual practice to go for internationalcompetitive bidding. Most public contracts are awarded on the basis of the lowestresponsive tenders submitted by contractors. Local contractors are given a margin ofpreference to secure public sector tenders under MDA funding. One of the areas onwhich most of the

Conference Session

Engineering, Engineers and Setting Public Policy

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Mark Jansson, Rowan University; William Riddell, Rowan University; Nathan Vizzi, Rowan University; Krishan Bhatia, Rowan University; Ryan McDevitt, Rowan University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering and Public Policy

nation) and expect rebates approaching 50% for systems up to Page 12.651.310kW in size. For example, in just the past few years the CORE rebate program5 was offered bythe NJBPU - Office of Clean Energy that enabled the state to move its way up the ladder tobecome the U.S.’s second most abundant generator of photovoltaic energy. This is quite animpressive story of success since the solar insolation resources from the Sun’s light are notnearly as abundant in New Jersey as in some of the other states in the nation. It was new statepolicy that overcame the lack of solar resources and created the potential for state to possessreliable and

Conference Session

Trends in Energy Conversion and Conservation

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Giri Venkataramanan, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Annette Muetze, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

involves a nominal amount of research to be completed and the use ofcomputational modeling tools – this segment addresses the RO segment of the learning cycle.Soon after the assignments are completed, the teams conduct laboratory experiments to verifytheir solutions and to examine the validity and limitations of the analytical model – this segmentaddresses the AE segment of the learning cycle. A discussion of the consequences andapplications of the findings brings a tentative closure to the inquiry process. This step leads intothe lesson theme for the next real world inspired inquiry process.Thus, each inquiry-based lesson module is designed to proceed through the ‘problemidentification s theoretical analysis s computer modeling s design solution

Conference Session

Introducing Active Learning into ME Courses

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julie Linsey, University of Texas-Austin; Brent Cobb, U.S. Air Force Academy; Daniel Jensen, U.S. Air Force Academy; Kristin Wood, University of Texas-Austin; Saad Eways, Austin Community College

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

). This sensor vs. intuitor category is seen by mostresearchers to be the most important of the four categories in terms of implications foreducation8,15,28. Table 1: Overview of MBTI Manner in Which a Person Interacts With Others E Focuses outwardly. Gains energy from others. Focuses inwardly. Gains energy from cognition I EXTROVERSION INTROVERSION Manner in Which a Person Processes Information S Focus is on the five senses and experience. Focus is on possibilities, use, big picture. N SENSING

Conference Session

ChE: Innovation in the Laboratory

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edgar Clausen, University of Arkansas; William Penney, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

+ + + + + 330 325 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 Time (s) Figure 6. Temperature vs. Time Experimental Data (+) and Predicted by Equation 4 Multiplied by a Factor of 1.4 (hEXP = 8 W/m2K at TSURFACE = 352 K)Forced Convection Heat Transfer from an Upward Facing Horizontal PlateForced convection heat transfer occurs when the fluid surrounding a surface is set in motion byan external means such as a fan, pump or atmospheric disturbances. This study was concernedwith forced convection heat transfer from a

Conference Session

Computing Tools for Engineering Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Saroj Biswas, Temple University; Musoke Sendaula, Temple University; Sesha Yeruva, Temple University; Krishana Priya Sannidhi, Temple University; Ravi Shankar Dwivedula, Temple University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

develops the course.Acknowledgement:This research is supported by National Science Foundation’s Science, Technology, Engineering,and Mathematics Talent Expansion Program under grant #0230425.The authors would like to extend their sincere thanks to the reviewers for their constructivecomments that have helped improve the presentation of the paper.Bibliography[1] Blackborad Inc, http://www.Blackboard.com[2] WebCT Inc, http://www.webct.com[3] S. Kuyath, “An Interactive Lecture for Web Based ET Classes”, ASEE Annual Conference, Boulder, CO, 2004.[4] R.G. Daniels, M. Crawford, and M. Mangum, “Web Based Interactive EE Lesson Development: A Modular Approach”, ASEE Annual Conference, Boulder, CO, 2004.[5] B. Butz, “IMITS

Conference Session

Emerging Trends in Engineering Education Poster Session

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Sawyers, Ohio Northern University; John-David Yoder, Ohio Northern University

?” Journal ofEngineering Education, October 2001.2 Hodge, B. K. and W. G. Steele, “A Survey of Computational Paradigms in Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering Education,” Journal of Engineering Education, October 2002.3 Chapra, S. C. and R. C. Canale, Numerical Methods for Engineers, 5th ed., McGraw-Hill, 2006.4 Dietel, H. M. and P. J. Dietel, How to Program C++, 4th ed., Prentice-Hall, 2002.5 Estell, J. K., "The Faculty Course Assessment Report," Proceedings of the Best Assessment Practices VII Symposium, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN, April 2005. Page 12.1367.7 Appendix

Conference Session

Trends in Construction Engineering Education I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Soller, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Erdogan Sener, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Construction

an ng S c o rk es n on st ru n n h ds r su nt se Sta ns

Conference Session

Cognitive and Motivational Issues in Student Performance I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Steif, Carnegie Mellon University; Jamie LoBue, Carnegie Mellon University; Anne Fay, Carnegie Mellon University; Burak Kara, Carnegie Mellon University; Steve Spencer, Carnegie Mellon University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

AC 2007-368: INDUCING STUDENTS TO CONTEMPLATECONCEPT-ELICITING QUESTIONS AND THE EFFECT ON PROBLEMSOLVING PERFORMANCEPaul Steif, Carnegie Mellon University PAUL S. STEIF Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa Degrees: Sc. B. 1979, Brown University; M.S. 1980, Ph.D. 1982, Harvard University. Research area: engineering mechanics and education.Jamie LoBue, Carnegie Mellon University Undergraduate Student, Mechanical EngineeringAnne Fay, Carnegie Mellon University Director of Assessment, Eberly Center for Teaching Excellence, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA Degrees: B.A. 1983, York University; Ph. D. 1990, University of California

Conference Session

Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics Instruction

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Maixner, U.S. Air Force Academy; James Baughn, University of California-Davis

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

AC 2007-195: TEACHING PSYCHROMETRY TO UNDERGRADUATESMichael Maixner, U.S. Air Force AcademyJames Baughn, University of California-Davis Michael Rex Maixner graduated with distinction from the U. S. Naval Academy, and served as a commissioned officer in the USN for 25 years; his first 12 years were spent as a shipboard officer, while his remaining service was spent strictly in engineering assignments. He received his Ocean Engineer and SMME degrees from MIT, and his Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He served as an Instructor at the Naval Postgraduate School and as a Professor of Engineering at Maine Maritime Academy; he is currently a member of the

Conference Session

Instrumentation Technical Session I

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rafic Bachnak, Texas A&M International University; Sofía Carolina Maldonado, Texas A&M International University; Fernando Garcia Gonzalez, Texas A&M International University

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

valve performed opened as expected with satisfactoryresults.Data Acquisition Board (DAQ):The NI USB-6211 DAQ was used with the LabVIEW™ software. This DAQ offers 16 analoginputs; 250 kS/s single-channel sampling rate; two analog outputs; four digital input lines; four Page 23.528.5digital output lines; four programmable input ranges (±0.2 to ±10 V) per channel; digitaltriggering; and two counter/timers10. Figure 4 shows a table of the connections. Figure 4. DAQ IntegrationWhen testing the DAQ with the ignition mechanism, the SignalExpress icon in LabVIEW™ wasemployed to automatically read the DAQ Board and

Conference Session

Curriculum Development and Multidisciplinary Instruction

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Skokan, Colorado School of Mines; Ravel F. Ammerman, Colorado School of Mines; William Hoff, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

of the comments student submitted are provided below.“I really liked being able to see the video lectures. Sometimes I need to see things more thanonce.”“I have tried to make the video lecture work but thus far I feel it has been a hindrance to mylearning compared to what I get out of the normal (traditional) lectures on Wednesdays andFridays.”“The hybrid video lectures were in no way a substitute for live lectures.”The table below shows the mean average of each of the class assignments with equal weight aswell as the mean of the means. The final grade is based upon this score. In general, an A isassigned to averages in the 90’s, a B to 80’s, a C to 70’s, and a D to 60’s. Averages below 60receive an F and do not pass the course

Conference Session

Projects in ECE

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ying Yu, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

Electrical and Computer

recommendation P.800. Agreat reading material for students to understand the procedures and requirements of the mostimportant subjective and objective speech quality measurements is the paper “speech qualityassessment” by Loizou [17].Speech intelligibility is best measured subjectively by a panel of listeners, who will try toidentify words, phrases or sentences. One of the traditional tests is the modified rhyme test(MRT). It is designed by linguistic specialists in 1960’s and still used by audio and speechresearchers today [18]. MRT asks listeners to listen and select one of six words, half of whichdiffering by the initial consonants, and another half differing by the final initial consonants. Theoverall averaged recognition rate, the total number of

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ravi P. Ramachandran, Rowan University; Kevin D. Dahm, Rowan University; Richard J. Kozick, Bucknell University; Robert M Nickel, Bucknell University; Sachin Shetty, Tennessee State University; Robi Polikar, Rowan University; Ying Tang, Rowan University; Steven H. Chin, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

. Figure 2 – Non-inverting Amplifier CircuitStudents accomplish a simple design and do the following: 1. Derive the input-output relation: Vo = f(Vg,Rs,Rf,Rg). 2. Use VCC = 15 V, Vg = 1 V and Rg = 1 kΩ. Design a non-inverting amplifier (choose values of R s and Rf) with an output voltage of V o = 3 V such that the power dissipated in R s and Rf is less than or equal to 0.003 W. Measure Vo and verify that the input-output relation is satisfied. Show all your calculations.DIFFERENTIATORFigure 3 shows a differentiator circuit. Students derive the input-output relation using Page 24.132.6Laplace transforms and explain why input noise is

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeremiah J. Neubert, University of North Dakota; Deborah Worley, University of North Dakota; Naima Kaabouch, University of North Dakota; Mohammad Khavanin, University of North Dakota

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

, Math, and Engineering Majors,” Journal College Student Retention, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2003, pp. 37–52.5. S. Brainard, S. Laurich-Mcintyre, and L. Carlin. “Retaining female and undergraduate students in engineering and science: 1995 annual report to the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation,” Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, Vol. 2, No. 4, 1995, pp. 255-267.6. D. Farver and C. Gattis. (2006). “Development and implementation of a peer mentoring program for women in engineering,” Proc. of ASEE Annual Conf. & Expo., June 2006.7. M. Cavalli, L. Stanlake, and S. Tolbert, “Investigation of retention and perceptions among freshman engineering student”, Proc. of the North Midwest American Society for