Conference Session

Engineering Leadership Development Division Technical Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Toby Egan, Purdue School of Engineering & Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

researched personality inventory available. 27 The alignmentof each personality measure to the study context is explained below. AgreeablenessAgreeableness refers to an individual’s tendency toward being honest, considerate, trustworthy,helpful, understanding, decent, and generally likable. 27 Although not yet explored,agreeableness is likely to relate positively to leader coaching behavior as there is some researchsupport linking agreeableness to leadership. Agreeableness has been found to be the personalityfactor most strongly affiliated with the idealized influence element of transformational leadershipand is positively associated with ethical leadership. 28, 29 Individuals exhibiting a propensity foragreeableness more often utilize

Conference Session

FPD 7: First-Year Engineering Courses, Part II: Perceptions and Paradigms

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brooke Morin, Ohio State University; Krista M. Kecskemety, Ohio State University; Kathleen A Harper, Ohio State University; Paul Alan Clingan, Ohio State University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

desktop computer for each seat.9 Thirteen sections of the course wereoffered, each containing approximately 36 studentsThis course was the first in a two-course sequence and focused on problem solving via computerprogramming in MATLAB and C/C++. Additional course topics included engineering ethics,technical communication, Microsoft Excel, and engineering design.Inverted Classroom ApproachEach day’s work was divided into two primary components: preparation and application (Table1). The preparation component was to be completed prior to the beginning of class. Eachpreparation assignment consisted of some combination of the following: watching videos,reading book sections, completing tutorials, or working problems. A breakdown of thepercentage of

Conference Session

"Modular" Learning

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jason M. Keith, Mississippi State University; Bill B Elmore, Mississippi State University; William Todd French, Mississippi State University; Hossein Toghiani, Mississippi State University; Rebecca K. Toghiani, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

applicationsto real world energy problems. Additional emphasis is placed on the need for domesticenergy independence and on worldwide energy availability, as well as in the ethical useof energy resources. As these modules are taught in our curriculum, assessment datawill be collected and reported on in a future article.Bibliography1. Bioengineering educational materials bank, http://www.bioemb.net, accessed January 2013.2. Materials digital library pathway, http://matdl.org, accessed January 2013.3. Massachusetts Institute of Technology open courseware site, http://ocw.mit.edu, accessed January2013.4. Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching site, http://www.merlot.org,accessed January 2013.5. Hydrogen Education at Mississippi

Collection

2023 ASEE Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Yimesker Yihun; Lena Lamei

, 2012. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2023 2023 ASEE Midwest Section Conference[7] C. K. Drummond, "Team-based learning to enhance critical thinking skills in entrepreneurship education," Journal of entrepreneurship education, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 57- 63, 2012.[8] E.-K. Chung, J.-A. Rhee, and Y.-H. Baik, "The effect of team-based learning in medical ethics education," Medical teacher, vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 1013-1017, 2009.[9] C. Rodríguez-Sabiote, E. M. Olmedo-Moreno, and J. Expósito-López, "The effects of teamwork on critical thinking: A serial mediation analysis of the influence of work skills and educational motivation in secondary

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Robert Kilmer; Carl Erikson Jr

, and ethic that harmonizes the heretofore conflicting elements of fairness, prosperity, and ecological survival.”[11]ConclusionBecause the employment needs of a city are best known by the local inhabitants, the ways to meetthese needs ought to be left to the local inhabitants to choose and implement. The use of a systemsanalysis approach will allow these urbanites to select and develop highly successful localmicroenterprises based on appropriate technology principles. With the population of many citiesgrowing at a tremendous rate, it is essential for these types of models for economic growth to bedeveloped and implemented to solve local problems in a way that reduces the logistics andtransportation requirements of the city. The long

Conference Session

Equity in Engineering: Uncovering Challenges and Championing Change in STEM Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Noelle K Comolli, Villanova University; David Jamison, Villanova University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

access by zip code – looking at which cities/states provided access to key gateway courses that are often required to enter engineering programs (high school physics, calculus, AP courses, etc.) • The use of AI in police surveillance, with a heated discussion on the interest in campus police pursuing this on our own campusIn all of these examples, students then had to take the further step of looking at methods forengineers to do better. They had to propose methods to increase STEM access in schools, how theASEE code of ethics requires us to challenge the NIMBY arguments (Not In My Back Yard) thatprivilege rich white neighborhoods, and what should be done to improve technology in policesurveillance. These examples were

Conference Session

Systems Thinking

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrea Goncher-Sevilla, University of Florida; John Alexander Mendoza-Garcia, University of Florida; Mengyu Li, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering Division (SYS)

represents engineering and technical skills, economic feasibility, ethical considerations, andcultural sensitivity, which can be considered when studying potential solutions [3]. "The Village of Yakutia has about 50,000 people. Its harsh winters and remote location make heating a living space very expensive. The rising price of fossil fuels has been reflected in the heating expenses of Yakutia residents. In fact, many residents are unable to afford heat for the entire winter (5 months). A Northeastern Federal University study shows that 38% of village residents have gone without heat for at least 30 winter days in the last 24 months. Last year, 27 Yakutia deaths were attributed to unheated homes. Most died from

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 17

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Zachary Miller, University of South Alabama; Sean Walker, University of South Alabama; Rachel Chai, University of South Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

(PAL) or Peer AssistedStudy Sessions (PASS). The implementation of the SI model at UMKC was deemed successfuland expanded to other courses [1], [3]. As of 2008, the SI model is used in 29 countries and over1500 universities [4]. SIs are considered a resource for both students and instructors to enhanceundergraduate courses. These PAL models, where certain students are selected to assist inenhancing education, were implemented at the University of South Alabama in the College ofEngineering (COE). The SI model is associated with the following courses: Statics, Mechanicsof Materials, Economics and Ethics, Dynamics, Engineering Thermodynamics, ElectricalCircuits, Fluid Mechanics, and Material and Energy Balances. A point of interest for

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Technical Session 4

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robin Jephthah Rajarathinam, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Joshua E. Katz, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Saadeddine Shehab, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Blake Everett Johnson, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Yuting W. Chen, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Marcia Pool, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Kristin M. Chochola, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

, Office Hours Management, Upholding Academic Integrity, Design ofGeneral Rubrics, Active Learning Strategies, and Support for Student Mental Health. Additionaltopics included Ethics in Education, Student Motivation, and Leadership in the classroom,enhancing Pedagogical and Pedagogical Content Knowledge and overall GTA preparedness[31].To facilitate reflective learning, the course incorporated seven bi-weekly written assignments.These assignments required the GTAs to introspect and document their personal teachingexperiences, drawing direct correlations with the theoretical concepts and strategies discussed inthe weekly sessions.Furthermore, the course offered an optional Service Learning project. This project was designedas a practical

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT) Technical Session 4

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claudia Paz Gwynn, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Maria Elena Truyol, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT)

175 1 6 4.49 0.976 Ethical and sustainable thinking 175 1 6 4.49 1.263 Self-awareness and self-confidence 175 1 6 4.14 1.294 Motivation and perseverance 175 1 6 4.47 1.355 Area 2: Resources Mobilize resources 175 1 6 3.94 1.153 Financial and economic education 175 1 6 3.55 1.465 Engage other people 175 1 6 4.09 1.349 Take the initiative 175 1 6

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT) Technical Session 1

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pritpal Singh, Villanova University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division (ENT)

14-Jul-23 Basics of Community Ideation Engagement Sustainable Business Rapid Prototyping Model Development Ethics of Community Engagement July 21-Jul-23 15/16 19-Jul-23 First trip to Sustainable Business Model Draft presentations groups

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division (FDD) Technical Session 3

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gemma Henderson, University of Miami; Ines Basalo, University of Miami; Alexandra Coso Strong, Florida International University; Meagan R. Kendall, University of Texas at El Paso

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

values, ethics, and competency model of the International Coaching Federation (ICF)[16]. At its core, ICF emphasizes the partnership between a coach and client, and the importanceof ongoing reflective practice and situational awareness [20]. ICF awards credentialing for coachpractitioners which involves building coaching hours with clients, engaging in required traininghours, and working towards assessments [21], [22].However, access to professional coach training is realistically not accessible for all those infaculty development – it requires funding, time, and long-term commitment toward thisprofessional practice. In consequence, members of the research team engaged in varying levelsof ICF coach training to inform and create the first

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 3: Teamwork

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela Thompson, University of Louisville; Campbell R. Bego, University of Louisville; Nicholas Hawkins, University of Louisville; Liliana Martinez, University of Louisville

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs Division (FYP)

team meetings.”) and those descriptions are correlated with a numerical scaleranging from one to five, with 1 representing the lowest performance and 5 representing thegreatest performance in each area.Current StudyAt the University of Louisville, teamwork is first taught in the first-semester introductoryengineering course which also covers critical thinking, professionalism, and ethics. Typically,this course is taught during the Fall semester for all first-year engineering students (nearly 500students). Teamwork is integrated into the course in two, multi-week team projects throughoutthe semester. For many years we have followed the recommendations by Oakley et al. [4]regarding team formation, establishing expectations, instruction in

Conference Session

Marge's Mission: Empowering STEM Innovation

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Faiza Zafar, Rice University; Carolyn Nichol, Rice University; Mariana Elizabeth Quinn, Rice University

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

engineering self-efficacy levels.Data Analysis Pre-test and post-test scores on the TESS questionnaire were compared to determinewhether there were significant changes in participants' engineering self-efficacy after completingthe course. Statistical analysis techniques, such as paired t-tests and ANOVA, were employed toanalyze the data and identify any significant differences. Moreover, the relative percent gainedwas also calculated by comparing the difference in mean scores between consecutive years andexpressing it as a percentage of the initial mean score for each construct. This approach allowedfor a standardized comparison of improvement rates across different constructs and over time. This study adhered to ethical guidelines

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division (CIP) Technical Session 2

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mohamed Razi Nalim, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Nirmala Priyanka Manthripragada, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; CLIFF CAMPBELL, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis; Sabya Mishra, The University of Memphis; Clayton Nicholas, Indiana University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships Division (CIP)

revolutionizing logistics. It enables newstrategies (e.g., optimal route networks and modes, end-to-end supply chain visibility, customertracking), tactics (optimal truckloads, vehicle choices), and operations (real-time tracking,handling weather, traffic, emergencies, failures). CEAT-enabled freight logistics are synergisticwith these digital trends and can drive these new strategies, tactics, and operations. These includemerged warehouse and fleet logistics, real-time control, compatible data formats, and self-adaptive supply chains. However, there are risks and ethical issues to consider, similar to otherAI and big data technologies, such as the intrusive monitoring of drivers and their states of mind.Industry needs accurate market predictions based

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL) Technical Session - Effective Teaching 1

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Roshina Babu, University of Utah; Praveen A, APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University Kerala

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering Division (CIVIL)

in the taught programs, which could be adapted tovarious working environments. Thus, the need for assessment of taught skills and the ability ofthe learner to translate them becomes an inevitable component of teaching-learning assessments[5].Various studies have highlighted the increasing importance of transferable skills in civilengineering education and their impact on the success of graduates in meeting industry demands[4,6,7]. Some of the widely recognized transferable skills are communication, teamwork,problem-solving, critical thinking, leadership skills, ethics, and adaptability [4,8]. Thecurriculum models used for the development of transferable skills are embedding, bolting-on,and integrating. In the “embedding” strategy, the

Collection

15th Annual First-Year Engineering Experience Conference (FYEE)

Authors

Sukeerti Shandliya, University of Cincinnati; Cedrick Kwuimy, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Topics

Diversity

sample identified asfirst-generation students and 8% identified as international students.Instrument & Data CollectionTable 2 describes the instruments used in the survey. The survey included four sections. The firstsection utilized the Learning Activities Survey (LAS) aimed at measuring the extent of eachstage of transformative learning experienced by students in their first-year engineering courses[13]. The second section collected data regarding the extent of changes the students experiencedin their habits of mind and the factors that may have influenced those changes. Cranton [15]conceptualized six dimensions of habits of mind: Philosophical, Moral & Ethics, Psychological,Sociological, Epistemic, and Aesthetic. The third section

Collection

15th Annual First-Year Engineering Experience Conference (FYEE)

Authors

Kapil Gangwar, Wentworth Institute of Technology

create educationalopportunities that foster specialized focus, hands-on experience, adaptability, lifelong learning,and considerations of ethical and societal implications.5. Future Work:Currently, in one of the First Year Engineering classes at Wentworth Institute of Technology,ENGR14XX, Applied Engineering Analysis [8], students are introduced to the fundamentals ofMATLAB, focusing primarily on mathematical operators, as well as Excel, coveringmathematical operators, basic formulas, and introductory statistical analysis. We believe thataugmenting this curriculum with the inclusion of advanced features such as GoalSeek, Solver,vpasolve, and introducing basic programming skills in languages like MATLAB, Python, or anyother language of student

Collection

15th Annual First-Year Engineering Experience Conference (FYEE)

Authors

Mohammed El Kihal, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Cassie Wallwey, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Juan David Ortega Álvarez, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; James Nathaniel Newcomer, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

integrate these habits, skills, and behaviors into topics,activities, and assessments common in first-year engineering courses and curriculum.First-Year Engineering Program ContextThe General Engineering program (GE) at Virginia Tech, hosting over 2,500 students in Fall2023, consists of two sequential two-credit hour courses ENGE 1215 and ENGE 1216 spanningconsecutive fall and spring semesters or—for students meeting certain criteria—a four-credit hoursingle semester version is available. In alignment with most FYE programs, these coursesprioritize the development of professional skills and tools required across engineering disciplines.These include engineering discipline exploration, teamwork, communication, engineering ethics,problem-solving

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI) Technical Session 5

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Celeste Chavis, Morgan State University; Petronella A. James, Morgan State University; Kofi Nyarko, Morgan State University; Oludare Adegbola Owolabi, P.E., Morgan State University; Masud Salimian, Morgan State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division (MULTI)

accreditation, program assessment and eval- uation process and was recently (2016-2019), the accreditation coordinator for the school of Engineering. Her interest in engineering education emphasizes developing new classroom innovations and assessment techniques and supporting student engagement. Her research interests include broadening participation in STEM, equity and diversity, engineering ethics, online engineering pedagogy, program assessment so- lutions, transportation planning, transportation impact on quality of life issues, and bicycle access. She is a proud Morgan Alum (2011), having earned a Doctorate in Civil Engineering, with a focus on trans- portation. Dr. Petronella James earned her Doctor of Engineering

Collection

2024 CIEC

Authors

Sidney Martin; Marilyn Barger; Catherine Davis

received her bachelor’s degree in ManagementInformation Systems from the University of South Florida and her master’s degree from Troy University also inManagement Information Systems. Her expertise and courses taught include computer and information technologyconcepts, ethical hacking, network security foundations, introduction to computer programming (Python) andfundamentals of Linux/Unix operating environment. Proceedings of the 2024 Conference for Industry and Education Collaboration Copyright ©2024, American Society for Engineering Education ETD 345 APPENDIX I

Collection

2024 CIEC

Authors

H. Bryan Riley

handbook for scientists and engineers. Definitions, theorems, and formulas for reference and review. In McGraw-Hill eBooks (Issue 1). http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA11556921[20] Hmelo‐Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-Based Learning: What and how do students learn? Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 235–266. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:edpr.0000034022.16470.f3[21] Tiulkanov, Aleksandr, Is it high time to take ChatGPT offline? (January 8, 2023). https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/high-time-take-chatgpt-offline-aleksandr-tiulkanov/ AI Data & Digital Policy Counsel, LL.M, CIPP/E[22] Jobin, A., & Ienca, M. (2019). The global landscape of AI ethics guidelines. Nature Machine Intelligence, 1(9), 389–399. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256

Conference Session

Graduate Studies Division (GSD) Technical Session 2: Graduate Student Pipeline and Workforce Development

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David K. Pugalee, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Praveen Ramaprabhu; Mesbah Uddin, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; H. P. Cherukuri, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Terry Xu, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Audrey Rorrer

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Graduate Studies Division (GSD)

private and business positions require a range of skillsand knowledge including leadership, communication, and teamwork [9] as well as an in-depthunderstanding of business, social, and ethical contexts [10]. The PAtENT model responds tothese challenges through a curriculum focused on building these skills and providing suchconnections throughout the academic experience of the doctoral student and not as an add on to atraditional program. The program was implemented at one university with the intent that thismodel was adaptable to other institutions.The PAtENT model applies a student-centric approach to focus the educational emphasis towardthe development of entrepreneurial skills necessary to engage in the modern and rapidlychanging technical

Conference Session

Navigating Diversity and Equity in STEM Education

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julie M. Smith, CSEdResearch.org

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering Division(MIND)

https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/83120. Publisher: Institute for Higher Education Policy.[12] Sally Gunz and Marianne M. Jennings. University legal counsel: The role and its challenges. Notre Dame JL Ethics & Pub. Pol’y, 33:177, 2019. URL https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/getp df.cgi?handle = hein.journals/ndlep33section = 9. P ublisher : HeinOnline.[13] Sandra Coswatte Mohr and Kaye Shelton. Best practices framework for online faculty professional development: A Delphi study. Online Learning Journal, 21(4), 2017. URL https://www.learntechlib.org/p/183780/.

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andres Gabriel Gomez, University of Florida; Catia S. Silva, University of Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

learningapproaches. Rule-based systems offer transparency, control, and ease of implementation butlack adaptability and scalability. In contrast, reinforcement learning provides personalization,flexibility, and scalability but faces challenges such as data efficiency, training complexity,and ethical considerations. v. proposed approach We introduce a novel learning system thatutilizes individualized affect-performancepatterns to guide educational interventions,with the goal of enhancing learningoutcomes. Our method integrates computervision and time-series algorithms, focusingon localized facial expressions for improvedmodel adaptability and flexibility. Prior work Figure 1: Overview of the proposed adaptiveoften classifies emotions into a limited

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division (CONST) Poster Session

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Farzam S. Maleki P.E., Wentworth Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering Division (CONST)

knowledge, skills, and abilities (called Student Learning Objectives - SLOs) upon completion of their education. The list of SLOs for BSc in Construction Management is as follows 1. Create written communications appropriate to the construction discipline. 2. Create oral presentations appropriate to the construction discipline. 3. Create a construction project safety plan. 4. Create construction project cost estimates. 5. Create construction project schedules. 6. Analyze professional decisions based on ethical principles. 7. Analyze methods, materials, and equipment used to construct

Collection

2002 ASEE North Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Christa James-Byrnes

Materials has been offered, but due to low enrollment has recently beentaken off the courses being offered to our students. Courses that are being contemplated foroffering via DE are GRA 113 – Engineering Graphics and EGR 106 – Technical Communication.EGR 100 – Introduction to EngineeringThe purpose of EGR 100 is to introduce students to Engineering as a career and to help themprepare to become a successful engineering student. Topics covered in EGR 100 include StudySkills, Test Taking, Time Management, Engineering Majors, UW Engineering Campuses, Ethics,and Transferring Guidelines.Method of DeliveryOne of the factors faced by Engineering students is that they do not have direct contact with afaculty member regarding their specific major. One of

Collection

2002 ASEE North Midwest Section Conference

Authors

Charles McIntyre

objectives of the ABET criteria are to prepare civil andconstruction engineers who will have: A. an ability to apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering. B. an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data. C. an ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. D. an ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams. E. an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems. F. an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility. G. an ability to communicate effectively. H. the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and

Collection

2008 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Bryan Cooperrider

. Further, it is essential to include a variety of realisticconstraints, such as economic factors, safety, reliability, aesthetics, ethics, and social impact.Educators in engineering schools struggle constantly with assimilating creativity into theengineering curriculum. 20 21 Our current engineering curriculum, in fact our entire schoolingsystem, favors a convergent thinking approach. This bias is apparent early in the schoolingprocess. Roger VonOech, in his book, A Creative Whack on the Side of the Head : How You Canbe Creative tells a very poignant story. He says this : “When I was a sophomore in high schoolmy English teacher put a small chalk dot on the black board. She asked the class what it was. Afew seconds passed and then someone said, ‘a

Collection

2013 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Thomas M. Korman; Hal A. Johnston; Lloyd Crask

also shows payments to thecontractor by the owner according to the payment requests and gives total cash-on-hand at theend of the period. Each firm may at any time apply for a loan to improve its financial situation.Loans granted are amortized over a one year time period. Changes in company ratios are alsologged along with changes to the company’s appraisal metrics. • Financial Liquidity • Financial Success • Responsibility • Pace • Ethics • Name RecognitionAt the end of a period, the firms examine their Progress Reports and decide on the effectivenessof the methods chosen for the various work activities. If they wish, they may change them andspecify different methods for the following periods. The choice of methods allows