Conference Session

Elementary School Engineering Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katie Bush, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Jennifer Gray, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Megan Holmes, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Karen Kosinski, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; John Orr, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Leena Razzaq, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; Jill Rulfs, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

2006-1201: HOW DO YOU TEACH ENGINEERING IN GRADES K AND ONE?Katie Bush, Worcester Polytechnic Institute KATIE BUSH is a third year graduate student in the Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics Joint Ph.D. Program between Worcester Polytechnic Institute and the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA. She received her Bachelors of Science degree in Biomedical Engineering in May 2003 from the University of Rochester, Rochester, NY and began working on the PIEE project in June 2005.Jennifer Gray, Worcester Polytechnic Institute JENNIFER GRAY is a first graduate student in Mechanical Engineering Master of Science Program

Conference Session

Manufacturing Education Innovation and Assessment

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jianmei Zhang, Kansas State University; Z.J. Pei, Kansas State University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

answers from the students for three consecutive semesters are shown in Fig. 1.From these results, it is found that more and more students prefer to do TTYP and enjoy TTYPduring class. (a) Results from fall 2001; (b) Results from spring 2002; Page 11.613.4 (c) Results from fall 2002; Fig. 1. Survey results on TTYP from three consecutive semesters.Short QuestionsShort questions are prompted once or twice during each class. Normally before introducingimportant concepts, the instructors ask some short questions to catch students’ attention and thestudents are forced to think about the questions and answer the questions. Their responses arealways encouraged and

Conference Session

Materials Science and Engineering of 2020

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jonathan Stolk, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Alexander Dillon, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Materials

2006-1851: HOW MUCH CAN (OR SHOULD) WE PUSH SELF-DIRECTION ININTRODUCTORY MATERIALS SCIENCE?Jonathan Stolk, Franklin W. Olin College of EngineeringAlexander Dillon, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering Page 11.695.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 How much can (or should) we push self-direction in introductory materials science?AbstractA capacity for self-directed, life-long learning is often cited as a critical skill for tomorrow’sengineers. The student response to high levels of self-directed learning, however, is not alwayspositive, particularly in introductory level courses. Some students enthusiastically embrace

Conference Session

Assessing K - 12 Engineering Education Programs

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donna Barrett, Georgia Institute of Technology; Marion Usselman, Georgia Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

study they must a) design a scientifically valid studythat includes an appropriate control group of teachers to compare to the treatment group, b) haveappropriate measures of student achievement for students across grade levels, course topic, andachievement level, and c) obtain access to this achievement data for students in classes of boththe teacher participants and the control teachers. The population of teachers in one summerSWEPT program can teach a variety of subjects (physics, biology, geometry, earth science, etc.),may be at various school levels (elementary, middle, and high school), and may be in schoolsituation that range from stable, affluent suburban schools, to low income inner city schools, toschools that are transitioning from

Conference Session

Current Topics in IE Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Richard Koubek, Pennsylvania State University; M. Jeya Chandra, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Industrial Engineering

courses into areas of competency. Page 11.954.2• Reorganize elective courses (IE and non-IE) into domain areas.• Introduce elective course(s) in other application areas (e.g., service processes, financial engineering, health care management, etc.)• Introduce a focused design project in various application domains.Description of changesChanges in the non-major courses from other departments in the College of EngineeringThe old curriculum required that the students take the following non-major courses in thecollege. a) Introduction to Engineering Design (ED &G 100) 3 Credits b) Computer Programming for

Conference Session

Interdisciplinary Education in ET

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Willie Ofosu, Pennsylvania State University-Wilkes-Barre; Austin Asgill, Southern Polytechnic State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

2006-2147: DESIGNING TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING NATIONSWillie Ofosu, Pennsylvania State University-Wilkes-Barre Dr. Willie K. Ofosu is an Associate Professor and Head of Telecommunications Engineering Technology program at Penn State Wilkes-Barre, where he teaches telecommunications, wireless systems, networking, optoelectronics and analog and digital electronics. He is a member of IEEE, IEE (England), and a Chartered Engineer (CEng) of England. He is also a member of the National Association of Radio and Telecommunications Engineers (NARTE) and contributes to their Education Committee. His research interests are in RF components and antennas. He is currently involved in

Conference Session

Promoting Scientific and Technological Literacy

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Pam Newberry, Project Lead The Way; T. Richard Grimsley, Project Lead The Way; John Hansen, The University of Texas-Tyler; Anne Spence, University of Maryland-Baltimore County

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

2006-1115: RESEARCH OF PROJECT LEAD THE WAY (PLTW) CURRICULA,PEDAGOGY, AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: ACTIVITIESREGARDING INCREASING ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGICALLITERACY OF K-12 STUDENTS IN THE PLTW NETWORKPam Newberry, Project Lead The Way Pam B. Newberry is the Director of Curriculum for Project Lead The Way®. PLTW is a non-profit organization that provides pre-engineering curricula for schools in 45 states and the District of Columbia with approximately 1300 schools and 26 affiliated universities and colleges. Prior to joining PLTW in July 2002, she served as the Associate Director for the International Technology Education Association’s Technology for All Americans Project for five years. She taught

Conference Session

Recruiting and Retention

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Carol Richardson, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

programs such as the Early Alert System, Freshman First YearExperience, Learning Communities, and the North Star Center are being used to improvethe success of Engineering Technology (ET) students. New ET programs such as thementoring of women ET students, a transfer student scholarship program, and theaddition of professional staff advisors to the ET departments have also been added. Thesuccess of these programs is measured by comparing the attrition of ET freshman andtransfer students for the past five years to the RIT attrition of freshman and transferstudents.IntroductionRIT is a private university with a modern 1,300 acre campus located in Rochester, NewYork, the third largest city in New York. There were 11, 821 undergraduate students

Conference Session

Faculty Development Toolkit

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jerry Samples, University of Pittsburgh-Johnstown

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

22 Lectures well 11Exciting 22 Communicative 10 Dimension II – A: Interpersonal Concern Adjective Appearances Adjective AppearancesConcerned 45 Approachable 12Caring 33 Interested 12Available 27 Respectful 11Friendly 18 Understanding 11Accessible 17 Personable 10 Dimension II – B: Effective

Collection

2006 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Frank M. Clemente

construction works.14 By hard work and years ofperseverance, and with analytical insight, he rigorously and painstakingly formulated the earlymechanics of soils, and he recognized the need for and the value of testing in the laboratory toconfirm theories and enhance his understanding of soil behavior. He complemented this withobservations in the field before, during and after construction. Thus, he evolved from a studentof geology to a teacher of soil mechanics, a developer of laboratory tests, and to a practicingengineer of great judgment, and yet always a willing technologist.Many other geo-professionals have since followed in his vein, such as his long-time associate,Dr. Ralph B. Peck,15 who combined geology, soil mechanics, geotechnology and

Conference Session

Computed Simulation and Animation

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Maixner, U.S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Figures 1 and 2, andare framed in blue. Column A contains the values of entropy, one of two independent variables.Enthalpies (the dependent variable) are depicted in the remaining columns: • Column B: the second independent property here is quality. To the right of the critical point, a value of x = 1.0 is used (saturated vapor); to the left of the critical point, a value of x = 0 is employed (saturated liquid). Note that the cells associated with the critical point are highlighted in blue. When plotted versus the entropy values, this column produces the so-called “vapor dome.” • Column C: quality is the second independent property here, as specified in the gold “quality” cell. To the right of the critical

Conference Session

Materials Science and Engineering of 2020

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Seung Kim, Rochester Institute of Technology; Richard Fasse, Rochester Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Materials

2006-1960: BLEND IT!Seung Kim, Rochester Institute of Technology Seung (Spencer) Kim is an Associate Professor in the Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering Technology/Packaging Science Department (MMETPS) at Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT). Dr. Kim received a B.S. in Ceramics Engineering from Hanyang University (Seoul, South Korea). He has a M.S. and a Ph.D. in Materials Engineering from the University of Illinois at Chicago. He worked in semiconductor industry for several years. He has developed and improved courses in materials and plastics technology in the MMETPS Department at RIT. His main interest of the research is in materials synthesis and processing using high

Conference Session

Software and e-learning in the ME curriculum

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph Rencis, University of Arkansas; Javed Alam, Youngstown State University; Venkata Seshada Aluri, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

International Series on Advances in Boundary Elements. He is currently writing the forth draft of an introductory mechanics of materials textbook with the author. He has been the Chair of the ASEE Mechanics Division, received the 2002 ASEE New England Section Teacher of the Year and is a fellow of the ASME. In 2004 he received the ASEE New England Section Outstanding Leader Award and in 2006 he received the ASEE Mechanics Division James L. Meriam Service Award. He received his B.S. from the Milwaukee School of Engineering in 1980, a M.S. from Northwestern University in 1982 and a Ph.D. from Case Western Reserve University in 1985. V-mail: 479-575-3153; E-mail: jjrencis@uark.edu.Javed Alam

Conference Session

Elementary School Engineering Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tuba Bayraktar, Hampton University; Keith Williamson, East Carolina University; Ilhan Bayraktar, Old Dominion University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

graduate fellows. The scale varies from 1(strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Following factors are included in this comparison:(a) students’ behavior; (b) students’ prior knowledge; (c) relevance of project activities tostudents’ personal experience; (d) scheduling of mathematics and science activities during theschool day. The teachers’ and graduate fellows’ impressions on challenges are similar except forchallenges related to student behavior. Further information can be found on this issueelsewhere6. Challenges to engaging K-12 students 5 4.5 4 3.5 behav

Conference Session

Learning to Design Aerospace Systems

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Liu, University of Michigan; Christopher Deline, University of Michigan; Rafael Ramos, University of Michigan; Steven Sandoval, University of Michigan; Ashley Smetana, University of Michigan; Brian Gilchrist, University of Michigan; Peter Washabaugh, University of Michigan; Nilton Renno, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

, University of Michigan Associate Professor, Atmospheric and Space Sciences Page 11.1332.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 THE STUDENT SPACE SYSTEMS FABRICATION LABORATORY: AN APPROACH TO SPACE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING EDUCATIONAbstractThe Student Space Systems Fabrication Laboratory (S3FL) is a student-led organizationdedicated to providing students with practical space systems design and fabrication experiencenot readily available through the usual academic curriculum. S3FL’s approach is to enhanceeducation by coupling classroom knowledge with practicum experience involving realengineering design, analysis, test

Conference Session

Recruiting and Retention

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Janice Girouard, University of Hartford; Ivana Milanovic, University of Hartford; Natalie Segal, University of Hartford; Dr. Sallie 'Lee' Townsend

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

seekother techniques that create opportunities for academic, interpersonal, and administrativeengagement of and with our students to build the confidence for potential success.References1 McDonald, ‘Enhancing the Recruitment and Retention of First-Year Students with Improved Career SelectionOpportunities,’ 1995 ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference Proceeding.s2 Woolston, D., Shook, K., and Wilson, J., ‘Same Problem, Different Solutions: Attempts at Improving Retention inEngineering at a Research vs. a Teaching University,’ 1995 ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education ConferenceProceedings.3 Khan, F., and Siddique, B., ‘An NSF Pilot Project on Minority Student Retention’4 Brower, T., and Cornachion, H., ‘Women in Engineering Technology: Where

Conference Session

Capstone Design II

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Soda, U.S. Air Force Academy; Gregory Toussaint, U.S. Air Force Academy; Albert Batten, U.S. Air Force Academy

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

engineeringmajors (four out of four) responded and at least 24 of the remaining 26 electrical andcomputer engineering majors (92.3%) responded to the surveys. For both the midterm and final versions, the surveys each had three parts. Thefirst part, Part A, was a set of nine questions only for the students majoring in systemsengineering to respond with both numerical ratings and written comments. The secondpart, Part B, was a set of 10 questions with the same format as Part A, but only for thestudents majoring in either electrical or computer engineering. Both Parts A and Bremained the same for the midterm and final surveys. The final section, Part C, containedquestions for all of the students related to the content of the course and their

Conference Session

Promoting Scientific and Technological Literacy

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Suzanne Soled, University of Cincinnati; Patricia McNerney, University of Cincinnati; Laura Koehl, University of Cincinnati; Kelly Obarski, University of Cincinnati; Anant Kukreti, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

, University of Cincinnati PATTY D. MCNERNEY, Doctoral Student in C & I Education/Technology, College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, UC. She has spent the last 15 years in the K-12 education arena with teaching experience in the areas of math, science, technology and served as district technology director. Her research is focused in two areas: integration of emerging technology into education and teacher training. She serves as the Evaluation Coordinator for Project STEP.Laura Koehl, University of Cincinnati LAURA A. KOEHL, Ed.D., Educational Consultant, UC and Miami University. Her research focuses on the experience of women scientists. Dr. Koehl worked in

Conference Session

Leadership and Administration in ET

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wael Ibrahim, ECPI College of Technology; Rasha Morsi, Norfolk State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

2 b. Understanding of the theories and the ability to apply the principles and concepts of mathematics and science and the application of computer fundamentals. c. Application of concepts derived from, and current skills developed in, a variety of technical and related disciplines which may include, but are not limited to, materials and production processes, industrial management and human relations, marketing, communications, electronics, and graphics. d. Completion of a field of specialization, for example, electronic data processing, computer aided design, computer

Conference Session

New ET Curriculum and Teaching Methods

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy Denton, Purdue University; Heather Cooper, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

Figure 1. Fall 2005 Number of Questions by Question TypeA sample of a question that was aimed at assessing conceptual understanding of covered materialis shown here for reference: A pump’s first natural frequency is at 17 Hz. An imbalance in the impeller causes forced vibration at a frequency of 25 Hz. The pump system has a damping factor of 1.0. Will the pump vibrate at: (A) 17 Hz (B) 25 Hz (C) 17 Hz and 25 Hz

Conference Session

International Case Studies, Collaborations and Interactions

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wenlung Li, National Taipei University of Technology; Jhy-Cherng Tsai, National Chung-Hsing University, TAIWAN; Wei-Chung Wang, National Tsing-Hua University, TAIWAN; Cheng-Kuo Sung, National Tsing-Hua University, TAIWAN; Jennie Wu, Ministry of Education, TAIWAN

Tagged Divisions

International

Education Advancements for Mechatronics Engineering, MOE, Taiwan, 2000.7. Yakimovicz, A.D., and Murphy, K.L, “Constructivism and collaboration on the Internet: Case study of a graduate class experience,” Computers & Education, V. 24, Issue 3, April 1995, Pages 203-209.8. Couturier, L.K., “The unspoken is being undone: The market's impact on higher education's public purpose,” New Directions for Higher Education, V. 2005, Issue 129, Spring 2005, pp. 85-100.9. Tuttas, J. and Wagner, B., “Distributed Online Laboratories”, in Aung, W. editor, Engineering Education and Research –2001: A Chronicle of Worldwide Innovations, iNEER and Begell House Pub., 2002, pp.117-125.10. Li, W., Tsai, J. J., Tseng, S.P., and Young, I. F., “Generation of New

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Svetlana Korotkova, University of Northern Iowa; Alan Czarnetzki, University of Northern Iowa; Keith McCready, University of Northern Iowa

Tagged Divisions

Environmental Engineering

: B. S. Computer Science (2003), University of Northern Iowa Interests: • Real-Time Embedded Systems • Autonomous model aircraft • Distributed computer systems Page 11.1132.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006 Simulation of Particulate Matter Distribution over IowaAbstractThis paper discusses a Weather Research and Forecast Model with chemical processes (WRF-CHEM)that was used to simulate the transport of particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) over Iowa. These forecasts were compared to surface monitor measurements of PM 2.5concentration and measurements of

Conference Session

International Engineering Education I

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Direk Lavansiri, Chulalongkorn University; Boonchai Sowanwanichakul, Chulalongkorn University; Manoj Lohatepanont, Chulalongkorn University

Tagged Divisions

International

. Tsunami Hazard Mitigation. (a) Classroom at Chulalongkorn University (b) Classroom at Tokyo Institute of Technology Figure 5 Classroom Environment in D-Learning Project4.4 Thai Cyber University ProjectThe Commission of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Thailand has initiated a large scaledistant learning project called, “Thai Cyber University.” In this project, the Commission ofHigher Education seek cooperation from Thai and international universities to offer e-learningcourses for self-learning students, who can register and take classes at their convenient time andplace. Students must hold a bachelor degree in related field of study. That

Collection

2006 Fall ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

David Domermuth

Steam Lift Pump for Micro-Hydro Electricity Generation David Domermuth, PhD Appalachian State UniversityAbstract: The steam lift pump, SLP is an alternative method for generating electricity using hotand cold water. The concept is based on an Ocean Thermal energy conversion, OTEC methodpatented in 1975. Hot water vacuumed through a cavitating venture and turned to foam. Thevacuum is formed by spraying cold water on the foam and collapsing the steam bubbles. Foam inthe up leg of an inverted U shaped tower condenses to liquid head in the down leg. The waterhead is used to produce electricity with micro-hydro generators. This paper details theengineering

Conference Session

Virtual and Distance Experiments

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Schuyler, University of Hartford; Tom Eppes, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

2006-850: FEASIBILITY OF TOTALLY DISTANCE-ORIENTED EET/CETPROGRAMSPeter Schuyler, University of Hartford Dr.Schuyler is an Assistant Professor in the Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, University of Hartford.He as a BS in Bioengineering & an MS and CAS in Electrical Engineering from Syracuse University, and an Ed.D from the University of Massacusetts. He has served as the Department chair, and Assistant Dean while at the University of Hartford.Tom Eppes, University of Hartford TOM EPPES is an Assistant Professor in the Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, University of Hartford. He holds BSEE and MSEE degrees from Texas A&M University and a PhD in EE from

Conference Session

Energy Laboratory Development

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Henry Foust, Nicholls State University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

2006-108: DEVELOPING AN ENERGY MECHATRONICS LABORATORYHenry Foust, Nicholls State University Page 11.436.1© American Society for Engineering Education, 2006Developing an Energy Mechatronics Laboratory March 8, 2006 Abstract Oil forms a major component of U.S. energy policy and economy. It is imper-ative today to determine viable alternatives to oil (expected to be depleted withinthe next fifty years), because the infrastructure for a viable alternative will takedecades to develop. The purpose of this research is the design of a mechatronicslaboratory applied to the broad area of system analysis and control for Ocean

Conference Session

Modern Software Measurement Techniques

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tracey Windley, University of Idaho; Jasper Nance, University of Idaho; Kevin Buck, University of Idaho; Herbert Hess, University of Idaho

Tagged Divisions

Instrumentation

2006-1304: INSTANT DATA GATHERING, PROCESSING, AND DISPLAY FORINDUSTRY SPONSOR USING INTERFACED SOFTWARE PACKAGESTracey Windley, University of Idaho Tracey Windley grew up in Moscow Idaho and started his education at the University of Idaho in 2002 for a BS Electrical Engineering. He is currently a senior emphasizing his education in microelectronics and semiconductor physics. He is currently at the MRCI at the Univeristy of Idaho doing research in the area of microelectronics.Jasper Nance, University of IdahoKevin Buck, University of IdahoHerbert Hess, University of Idaho Herb Hess received the PhD degree from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1993. He served on the faculty of the United

Conference Session

Innovative Techniques in Graphics

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Judith Birchman; Mary Sadowski, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

2006-1723: IDEA DEVELOPMENT AND COMMUNICATION THROUGHSTORYBOARDSJudy Birchman, Purdue University Judy is an Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Graphics Technology at Purdue University. She received her Bachelor of Science and Master of Arts Degrees from Purdue University. A member of the Graphics Department since 1974, she has taught courses in engineering graphics fundamentals, drawing systems, CAD, electronic publishing and multimedia. Professional activities include presentations, papers and workshops on design, graphics and multimedia topics. Professor Birchman has served as both the Editor and Technical Editor of the Engineering Design Graphics Journal. As a member

Conference Session

Programming for Engineering Students

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael Filsinger, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

2006-1745: DESIGNING AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE COURSE FORELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY STUDENTSMichael Filsinger, University of Cincinnati MICHAEL D. FILSINGER is an Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology at the University of Cincinnati. He received a BA in Mathematics and MS degrees in Mathematics and Computer Science from the University of Cincinnati in 1990, 1992, and 1994, respectively. In addition to teaching, he has served as a computer system administrator. He is a member of IEEE, ASEE, and the Phi Beta Kappa honor society. Page 11.417.1

Collection

2006 Spring ASEE Middle Atlantic Section Conference

Authors

Andrew Grossfield; Jumoke Ladeji-Osias

st PRINCIPLES OF 1 ORDER LINEAR SWITCHED DC CIRCUITS by Andrew Grossfield, Ph.D., P.E. and Jumoke Ladeji-Osias, Ph.D. Vaughn College f Technology/Morgan State University AbstractIn the study of transient signals, an important class of circuits is those containing one energystoring element, resistors in any combination, constant voltage or current sources and either aswitch or a step signal source. This class is the simplest of the linear transient circuits and yetthe principles may apply to higher order circuits. We will list the principles governing thebehavior of such