Conference Session

Integrating Engineering Ethics into the Curriculum

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kelley Walczak, University of Michigan; Cynthia Finelli, University of Michigan; Matthew Holsapple, University of Michigan; Janel Sutkus, Carnegie Mellon University; Trevor Harding, California Polytechnic State University; Donald Carpenter, Lawrence Technological University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

activity they are alreadyparticipating in (i.e., community service) with their coursework in order to promote ethicaldevelopment, particularly the ethical behavior component. Service learning also offersexperiential learning during which a student may encounter an ethical issue. These real-worldexamples can also be brought to the class through discussions or reflection papers, similar toguest speakers.These co-curricular experiences also address the components of ethical development in ourmodel (Figure 1). Professional codes teach students their professional engineeringresponsibilities (knowledge of ethics), and case studies allow students to explore possibilities,options, and alternatives in order to determine a course of action (ethical

Conference Session

Case Studies, Engineering Education and Outcome Assessment Around the Globe

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert Todd, Brigham Young University; Randy Lewis, Brigham Young University; Jim Nelson, Brigham Young University; Brent Nelson, Brigham Young University; Michael Miles, Brigham Young University

Tagged Divisions

International

do this. 5. Be able to place elements of their discipline (water resource management, structural design, product design, manufacturing, etc.) within a global context.Service Learning Program Outcomes Students will: Page 15.77.3 1. Learn how to practice a multi-disciplinary design process in the context of a technical humanitarian project and how to adapt the design process to reflect the circumstances of another culture. 2. Be able to implement key elements of leadership and teamwork. 3. Appreciate other cultures and be capable of basic communication across cultures. 4. View themselves as “citizens of the world

Conference Session

Innovative Courses/Pedagogies in Liberal Education II

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katherine Wikoff, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

] The article title is itself a pun, a “play” on words: the author’s name isJames Early. He says: The early days of transistors began wonderfully, built mightily, and became the foundation for a major industry. They also paid our wages, and were great fun. The view of our occupation held by many of us is reflected in the words of my wife, Mary Agnes Early, circa 1956: “You go to Murray Hill to play while I take care of the house and the children.” Early in my work at Bell Labs, I grasped Bell’s personnel strategy, which was to hire the ablest persons they could find having suitable background, and subsequently offer them a wide range of problems to attack. In his book “The Gifted Child

Conference Session

Conceptual Learning

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Tameka Clarke Douglas, Purdue University; Aidsa Santiago Roman, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez; Ruth Streveler, Purdue Universtiy

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

’ failure to understand one ormore Statics concepts 3. Litzinger and his colleagues 12 studied four undergraduate students majoring inengineering who had already taken Statics. These students were asked to draw fully dimensionedfree body diagrams (FBD) of the target represented in the problem statement and illustration.The intention of this study was to uncover the sources of errors that students made in theirproblem solutions. From this study it was found that a major source of errors in problem solvingwas the recall and use of conceptually erroneous knowledge in determining the solution 12. Ananalysis of students’ solution of Statics problems reveal patterns of errors that are reflective ofconsistent misconceptions that students hold

Conference Session

Innovative Teaching in Environmental Engineering

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Nicholas Harth; Matthew Barber; Andrew Spurgeon

9.840.1laboratory exercises, individual and group projects, and field experiences to enable 1451middle and high school students to directly experience authentic learning practices thatrequire them to use higher-order thinking skills; encourage creative problem-solvingskills that require collaborative learning, teamwork, writing, and presentation; cultivatean interest in service learning in which students are active participants, achieve outcomesthat show a perceptible impact, and engage in evaluative reflection; and better motivateand prepare secondary school students for advanced education. The Fellows have beentrained to create and implement these activities by taking

Conference Session

Technological Literacy I

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Paul Predecki; Albert Rosa; George Edwards

very complexissue. Then once they made their decision they had to “sell” their solution to others who might Page 9.1214.5have arrived at a very different solution. The issue is changed yearly to reflect a current nationaltechnological concern and to help avoid the “borrowing” of data from previous offerings. Thecourse description and outlines of each module are appended. Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering EducationIV. Course MechanicsThe course extends over three-quarters for four credit hours per

Conference Session

The Climate for Women in Engineering

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Joni Spurlin; Susan Grant; Jo-Ann Cohen; Elizabeth Parry; Laura Bottomley; Sarah Rajala

Conference Session

Lighting the Fire: REU

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Mark Evans; Ronald Welch

inclusion of course-specific questions allows us to survey our students about their achievement of specific courseobjectives.On their course-end feedback, the students have been extremely supportive of completing open-ended projects, especially for real clients. Relevant data are provided in Figures 12-14. Figure 12shows CE489 (independent study projects course listing) student responses to USMA-standardquestions that relate specifically to the quality of instruction and student learning. We alsobelieve that these particular responses reflect student satisfaction with the course. Baselinevalues are averages for CE489 and USMA-wide responses. The USMA baseline responses havebeen extremely stable over time. Two years ago we had two projects with

Conference Session

Are Classical Solutions Outdated?

Collection

2004 Annual Conference

Authors

Jammie Hoskin; Brad Wambeke; Ronald Welch

Following the same format for the next 4 equations, these 20 apparent unknowns wouldbe developed: Internal Moments: MAB, MBA, MBC, MCB, MCD and MDC Degrees of Freedom: θ A, θ B, θ C, and θ D, v A , vB , v C , and v D Page 9.309.6 Fixed End Effects: FEMAB, FEMBA, FEMBC, FEMCB, FEMCD and FEMDC “Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference& Exposition Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering Education”However, some of these symbolically represented unknowns are really known and tosolve the problem we must accurately reflect which values

Conference Session

Design in Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephen Ekwaro-Osire, Texas Tech University; Fisseha Meresa Alemayehu, Texas Tech University; Haileyesus Belay Endeshaw, Texas Tech University; Ricardo Cruz Lozano, Texas Tech University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

survey software called Qualtrics15. The survey instrumentincludes Likert-type (aka Likert Scale or rating scale), Yes/No (dichotomous), multiple choice,open-ended and demographic questions.The survey follows the postal questionnaire method16 that involves sending questionnaires to alarge sample of people located in a wide geographical area and who do not have any previouscontact with the authors. The response rate is usually as low as 20%. Thus, the survey was sentto 266 design educators of 89 of the top 100 Graduate Mechanical Engineering programs (withABET accredited undergraduate programs) in the US to ensure that the demographic profile ofrespondents reflect the design faculty population in the nation. The design faculty included aDean, Full

Conference Session

FPD 9: First-Year Projects

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

S. Scott Moor, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne; Stephen Heindel, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne; Yanfei Liu, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

micro-battery to their output of their charging circuitand measure the charging of the battery over time using a multimeter. Students are asked tocharge the battery for 30 minutes, stopping every five minutes to remove the battery and measureits charge. At the end of the projects students individually write a reflection memo.MATLAB Signal Analyzer DesignThe sound card analyzer is a simple MATLAB program with a graphical user interface. TheMATLAB code (.m and .fig files) are available on the project website.5 The initial screen thatopens is shown in Figure 1. It is organized into three sections based on the steps users shouldfollow. The first section (“1. Select Source”) allows users to choose the signal to analyze. Anew signal can be recorded

Conference Session

SD Technical Session: Tricks of the Trade

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rachel Louis Kajfez, Ohio State University; Colleen Marie Croyle, The Ohio State Univeristy ; Alison N. Snyder; Mahnas Jean Mohammadi-Aragh, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Student

first step in understanding the current job market.Our results are somewhat consistent with Borrego’s4 survey of Engineering Deans. Her surveyresults indicated that engineering education graduates would encounter negative perceptions oftheir degree’s rigor. This negative perception is strongly reflected in Factor 2 where participantsagreed with the statement that those with discipline-specific degrees view engineering educationdegrees as less rigorous and more in line with “teacher training.” Our survey of engineeringeducation degree holders finds that negative perceptions of rigor still exist seven years afterBorrego surveyed engineering deans. This view may also be reflected in the low number ofparticipants holding tenure track positions. If

Conference Session

Impact of Community Engagement on Students

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chris Swan, Tufts University; Kurt Paterson P.E., James Madison University; Timothy Henry Hellickson, Tufts Center for Engineering Education and Outreach

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

pedagogical approach, CE most strongly is connected to service-learning (S-L). ThoughFurco (2003) stated that at least two hundred different definitions of service-learning have beenpublished, the distinguishing factor of between S-L and community-service is that S-L isintentionally designed to meet learning (often academic) objectives. Other components commonin service-learning definitions include 1) the need for student reflection on the value of the effort,2) the connection and integration of the effort with the community, and 3) the attainment byparticipants of the desirable outcome of civic or social responsibility.The benefits of CE projects are well documented in the literature13, 27. A longitudinal study on

Conference Session

Materials Division Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nitin Sukhija, Mississippi State University (Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems and Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering); Tomasz A. Haupt, Mississippi State University; Mark Fredrick Horstemeyer, Mississippi State University

Tagged Divisions

Materials

Engineering Department at Mississippi StateUniversity. The paper discusses the rationale for the course, the course description, the gradingprocedures, and survey-based course assessments. The surveys showed that the students’reaction to the class was very positive. The impact of this course was evident in students learningoutcomes that were published online on ICME Wiki. The majority of the students were awardedthe top grade for the class, reflecting their performance, interest and effort.IntroductionIntegrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME) is an emerging discipline that aims tointegrate computational material science tools into a holistic system than can accelerate materialsdevelopment, transform engineering design optimization, and

Conference Session

K-12 Computer Science and Computational Thinking Initiatives

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alfredo J. Perez, Northern New Mexico College; Ivan Lopez Hurtado, Northern New Mexico College; Jorge Crichigno, Northern New Mexico College; Raul R. Peralta, Northern New Mexico College; David Torres, Northern New Mexico College

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

: Content Area: Sixth Grade JHR Elementary Technology/ Computer ScienceMr. Jimmy LaraUnit of Study: Sessions: See Appendix Time Frame (Period):Computational Thinking 1. Planning: Defining computational design processes Fall Semester 2. Reflecting: Design Notebook question Date(s) of Instruction: 3.Connecting: My favorite song August- September

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Vernengo, Rowan University; Stephanie Farrell, Rowan University; Jennifer Kadlowec, Rowan University; Johannes Strobel, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

for chondrogenicdifferentiation and whether these reflect the existence of origin-specific biological signatures. Students will design their experimental inquiries to determine how culture conditions altercell differentiation. Teams of 2-3 students will independently design and execute studies to testhow the following influences the formation of differentiated chondrocytes: 1) undifferentiatedcell types, and 2) addition of growth factors (e.g, transforming growth factor b (TGF-b) family,bone morphogenic protein (BMP) family, basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2), insulin-likegrowth factor-1, IGF-1). Students will assay cell viability, cell number and differentiation. Eachstudent team will assay differentiation by one of the following 1

Conference Session

Systems Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yue Bi, University of Virginia; Reid Bailey, University of Virginia; Michael C. Smith, University of Virginia

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

―enhancement of student learning by means of reflection, analysis, anddiplomatic criticism‖. Other benefits include the increased amount of more immediatefeedback12 and the potential of extending learning to a public domain13. More recently, online peer review has become popular. DiGiovanni and Nagaswami14conducted a study on online peer review in two English-as-Second-Language classes andobserved that ―when our students were online, they remained on task and focused‖.According to DiGiovanni and Nagaswami, other advantages, compared to face-to-face peerreview, include closer monitoring of student interaction and independence on students’memory to revise draft based on peer feedback. Effects are not only seen in writing classes;Tseng and Tsai15, in

Conference Session

New Teaching Methods in Mechanics

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah L. Billington, Stanford University; Sheri D. Sheppard, Stanford University; Robert C Calfee, Graduate School of Education, Stanford University; Peggy C. Boylan-Ashraf, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

5.Correlations among the self-efficacy scale scores are generally moderate to high, ranging from .4to .6, which corresponds to 15 to 35 percent shared variance. A factor analysis was conductedacross administrations and scales (including Week 1) to determine the factor structure (Tables 2& 3); the solution was restricted to two factors. This method of data reduction is done to seekunderlying unobservable (latent) variables that are reflected in the observed administrations. Asseen in Table 2, the two factors selected had eigenvalues of 1.00 or greater. This approach is thedefault in most statistical programs, such as SPPS (the program used in the analysis of ourstudy), where eigenvalues are used to condense the variance in a correlation

Conference Session

Research Experience in Stormwater Management

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aimee S. Navickis-Brasch, Gonzaga University; Noel E. Bormann P.E., Gonzaga University; Sue L. Niezgoda P.E., Gonzaga University; Matt Zarecor, Spokane County Stormwater Utility

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

stormwater plans generally include guidance for selecting, designing, and maintainingBMPs. Where a BMP is a structural or managerial practices used to meet NPDES requirementsby reducing stormwater pollutant loads and volumes7-8. BMP design guidance reflects generallyaccepted engineering practices and is customization for the specific regional conditionsincluding; pollutant concerns, terrain, hydrology, issues with receiving waters, and siteconditions9-10. The addition of a new or the modification of an existing BMP requires a study todemonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed BMP for meeting NPDES permit requirements.Such a study involves developing a quality assurance project plan (QAPP), that is approved bythe EPA and generally describes the

Conference Session

Enhancing the Underrepresented Student Experience

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Aaron S. Hunt, West Texas A&M University; Pamela Renee Lockwood, West Texas A&M University; Emily M. Hunt, West Texas A&M University

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

particular events) and reflective notes(researcher’s personal thoughts, speculations, problems, ideas, hunches, impressions, andprejudices). The interview protocol contained a brief script explaining the purpose of the study tothe interviewee. There were standard procedures for the interviewer to maintain consistencyincluding an ice breaker question followed by five to six open-ended questions, and a questionlike, “Who can I talk to about some of the questions I’ve asked you today? ” Because of theinductive nature of this study, additional questions based on the responses of the intervieweeoccurred. Sample Interview Questions: 1. Tell me about why you chose to attend #####. 2. What were your goals in choosing a STEM major at #####? 3

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Muhittin Yilmaz, Texas A&M University, Kingsville (TAMUK); Selahattin Ozcelik, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Nuri Yilmazer, Texas A&M University, Kingsville; Reza Nekovei, Texas A&M University, Kingsville

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

course mainly included the introductory and essential robotics concepts for the teamdesigns: locomotion concepts, fixed and mobile robot kinematics, actuators and basic sensors.The course lecture and hands-on laboratory content reflected the IEEE Region-5 roboticscompetition guidelines, related project descriptions, hands-on design specifications, tasks,timeline, and a component list. High School Mentorship opportunities provided valuablerobotics and engineering design experiences for the robotics students who strengthened theirrobotics knowledge and skill sets to high school students for their high school level roboticscompetitions. Robotics-II course maintained the robot design continuity by requiring the sameteams from Robotics-I, with their

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Montasir Abbas P.E., Virginia Tech; Lisa D. McNair, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

Lisa D. McNair is an Associate Professor of Engineering Education at Virginia Tech, where she also serves as Assistant Department Head of Graduate Programs and co-Director of the VT Engineering Com- munication Center (VTECC). She received her PhD in Linguistics from the University of Chicago and a c American Society for Engineering Education, 2014 Paper ID #10091B.A. in English from the University of Georgia. Her research interests include interdisciplinary collabora-tion, design education, communication studies, identity theory and reflective practice. Projects supportedby the National Science Foundation include

Conference Session

Focus on African-American and Hispanic Engineering Students’ Professional and Academic Development

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kalynda Chivon Smith, Howard University; Lorraine N. Fleming, Howard University; Inez N. Moore, Howard University; Silas E. Burris, Howard University; Fabiana Bornmann

Tagged Divisions

Minorities in Engineering

through [is because] I know I’m helping that number [of Black female engineers] go up, and I’m [going to] help future Black female engineers.Another student echoed this sentiment when he said that he hoped as an entrepreneur he wouldbe able to give back to the Black community. On a slightly different note, one student in thecoed HBUC1 focus group noted the importance of a Black student performing well at aninternship, in that that performance was likely to influence whether other Black students wouldbe hired in the future: … [W]e're very … un[der]represented … [W]hat you do will not just be a reflection on you. It will be a reflection on Black students in general. … [I]f you go and you excel, then they'll think okay

Conference Session

Curricular Issues in Computing and Information Technology Programs II

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Norman Pestaina, Florida International University; Tiana Solis, Florida International University; Peter J. Clarke, Florida International Univeristy

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

. Table 2 shows the data for four semesters, µ – mean and σ –standard deviation.Specifically: Page 24.199.10• Spring 2011 – Addition of specific examples in check-mark criteria for both SO (a) Foundations, and SO (b) CS Core. This may account for improved statistics for SO (b) post Fall 2010.• Fall 2011 - Incorporation of the 2nd Tier Teamwork Peer Rating Rubric, to seed the SO (f) Teamwork ratings. The change in the rating probably reflects a more realistic assessment in Fall 2010 and Spring 2011• Fall 2011 - Incorporation of the 2nd Tier Presentation Skills Rubric, to seed the SO (g) Communication ratings

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sheila Reyes Guerrero, Universidad de las Américas Puebla; Nelly Ramirez-Corona, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Aurelio Lopez-Malo, Universidad de las Americas Puebla; Enrique Palou, Universidad de las Americas Puebla

Tagged Divisions

International

solving becomes a cognitive strategy when learners are aware of howand when it should be used. Furthermore, in order to get the ability to design strategies forsolving problems it is essential to be conscious about the cognition and reflection processesrequired for achieving a feasible solution; these processes are known to be part of metacognition.Metacognition refers to people’s abilities to predict their performances on various tasks and tomonitor their current levels of mastery and understanding1. This approach is typically found it inconstructivist theories of meaningful learning that respond to the need for a transition, instudents, from passive learners willing to learn adaptive and reproductive forms, to constructivelearners who are

Conference Session

Innovative Pedagogy and Assessment in Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew W Roberts, University of Wisconsin, Platteville; Carol Haden, Magnolia Consulting, LLC; Michael K Thompson, University of Wisconsin, Platteville; Philip J. Parker P.E., University of Wisconsin, Platteville

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

-standing.24 This involves devoting instructional time to teaching students how to construct con-cept maps so that those used in assessment are reflective of what they know and understand ra-ther than how sophisticated they are at constructing a concept map overall.Concept mapping tasks can vary from having students create a map from scratch, to giving stu-dents skeleton maps with some concepts included, to providing a list of concepts and asking stu-dents to create a map from the list. Variations in scoring systems also exist. While some empha-size a more qualitative approach based on the overall morphology of the maps to indicate stu-dents understanding, other approaches are highly quantitative with detailed scoring systems in-volving counting of

Conference Session

WIED: Pre-College Student Experiences

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sruti Modekurty; Judy Fong, UC Davis; Harry H. Cheng, University of California, Davis

Tagged Divisions

Women in Engineering

– related career  Wanted to be something else when I grew up, but now I wanted to work with programming. Theme 2: student reflection  The program explained to me different career choices & helped me think about which I liked.  Not to be afraid about technology.  Computer science was something I didn’t even consider  I didn’t think I would like programming  I It was an inspiring program, although I would still like to be a marine biologist(9) Just for research purpose, please tell us about yourself: Ethnicity   n = 14 African American/Black  3  Asian/Pacific Islander  5

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Deeksha Seth, Drexel University; John Joseph Carr Jr., New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences; Angela D. Wenger, New Jersey Academy for Aquatic Sciences ; Lisa D. McNair, Virginia Tech; James Louis Tangorra, Drexel University

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

, communication studies, identity theory and reflective practice. Projects supported by the National Science Foundation include interdisciplinary pedagogy for pervasive computing design; Page 24.286.1 writing across the curriculum in Statics courses; as well as a CAREER award to explore the use of e- portfolios to promote professional identity and reflective practice. Her teaching emphasizes the roles of engineers as communicators and educators, the foundations and evolution of the engineering education discipline, assessment methods, and evaluating communication in engineering. c American

Conference Session

DEED Melange

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ang Liu, University of Southern California; Stephen Y. Lu, University of Southern California

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

, andthe other lecture for the class reflection of lessons learnt), as well as two additional weeksdesignated for all teams to submit their final design reports. The course schedules for the twosessions are summarized in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively. Page 24.299.11 Table 1: Course schedule for the EBT sessionWeek Date (Tue.) Weekly Lecture Subject (6:40-8:30pm) Team Project Work (8:30-9:20pm) 1 08/27/2013 Introduction of Methods for Design of Technical Systems (Overview) n/a 2 09/03/2013 Team Assembly

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steve Warren, Kansas State University; Punit Prakash, Kansas State University; Ed Brokesh, Dept. of Bio and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University; Gary William Singleton Ph.D., Heartspring; Kim Fowler

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Tagged Divisions

Division Experimentation & Lab-Oriented Studies

disorders like narcolepsy, periodic limb movement disorder, hypersomnia, andsleep apnea. While a PSG provides valuable data to characterize sleep quality, the signal-acquisition technologies are obtrusive and not easily tolerated by children.6 The cost of the Page 24.374.2procedure and the necessary travel to a sleep laboratory also make it impractical for long-termsleep monitoring. For instance, biopotential measurements require wired electrodes in constantcontact with the skin. Oxygen saturation is typically measured with a bulky finger-clip sensor,although reflectance-mode sensors are becoming available. An unmet need remains for thedevelopment