Conference Session

Multidisciplinary and Liberal Education

Collection

2006 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hilkat Soysal, Frostburg State University; Oguz Soysal, Frostburg State University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education

].The national trend in accreditation of higher education institutions in the USA leads to aninterdisciplinary curriculum to enhance technological literacy and scientific reasoning forall majors. In most of the colleges, the only way to ensure the exposition of liberal artsstudents to the fundamental concepts of science and engineering is the general educationprogram.The accreditation standards of the Middle States Association of Higher Education requirethat an institution’s general education program be designed “so that students acquire anddemonstrate college-level proficiency in general education and essential skills” includingskills in scientific reasoning. The Maryland Higher Education Commission hasconsequently mandated that all higher

Conference Session

Ethical and Global Concerns

Collection

2020 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Alison Wood , Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering; Robert Martello, Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

, to do good for humankind” [5]. Much of the curriculum is hands-on and projectbased; many of the courses are co-taught by interdisciplinary teams and much of the content isintegrated across disciplines. Olin also emphasizes teamwork, design, and student autonomy,positioning students as co-creators of their own educational experiences. In addition, all studentscomplete an Arts, Humanities, Social Sciences concentration alongside their engineering major,and essential outcomes of a liberal education, per the Association of American Colleges andUniversities, are integrated throughout the curriculum [6], [7].Olin President Richard K. Miller brought this philosophy to GCSP as one of the three foundersof the nationwide program. Olin was one of the

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Terry Derossett; Steven Nesbit; Scott Hummel

materials, mechanical design, manufacturing, thermo-fluids and instrumentationamong others. All too often, students compartmentalize their courses, failing to see therelationship between topics taught in different courses. In an effort to reduce thiscompartmentalization and increase overall knowledge and skill integration, a multi-courseproject was developed. The project requires the students to design, analyze, manufacture,instrument, and evaluate a load cell. The courses directly involved in the project are MechanicalDesign, Manufacturing, and Instrumentation, although many other courses were indirectlyinvolved. These three courses are taken concurrently during the first semester of the junior year.Working in groups of two or three, students

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Maria Suchowski; Frank Severance; Damon Miller

from our course (if any) that these goals are being met. Quotes are from studentsobtained in confidential focus groups conducted by Dr. Suchowski unless otherwise indicated. Itshould be noted that the results described by Beichner et al.5 resulted from using the proposedteaching methodologies in several classes over two semesters as part of an overall integration ofthe curriculum. The course goals and objectives are as follows. 1. Develop student design and problem solving skills. This type of introductory course has a positive impact on developing these abilities6. ECE 123 provides design and problem solving experiences primarily by offering choices during circuit construction and in troubleshooting hardware and software

Collection

2000 Annual Conference

Authors

Teresa L. Hein

” learning activities and experiences. Page 5.468.2 Session 1380In the sections that follow, a summary of the curriculum as well as an overview of some of theteaching strategies used in two introductory physics courses for non-majors will be described.These courses include a foundation course, Physics for the Modern World, and a new, second-tier course, Physics for a New Millennium. Particular attention will be given to a learningstrategy provided students in the Physics for a New Millennium course. This discussion will befollowed by a summary of feedback received

Conference Session

NSF Grantees' Poster Session

Collection

2013 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lisa Arnold, Alma High School, Alma, MI; Ze Zhang; Tolga Kaya, Central Michigan University; Bingbing Li, Department of Chemistry, Science of Advanced Materials Doctoral Program, Central Michigan University ; Qin Hu, Central Michigan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #6663Incorporating Engineering into the High School Chemistry ClassroomMs. Lisa Arnold, Alma High School, Alma, MI Lisa Arnold has a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry from Alma College with emphasis in Mathematics and Natural Science and a Master of Arts from Central Michigan University in Secondary Education with an emphasis in Mathematics. She has also obtained M.A. +30 with emphasis in Curriculum and Instruction. Lisa has been teaching chemistry at Alma High School for the past seventeen years.Mr. Ze ZhangDr. Tolga Kaya, Central Michigan University Dr. Tolga Kaya currently holds a joint assistant professor

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2009 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Karen High, Oklahoma State University; Rebecca Damron, Oklahoma State University

students and teaching science to education professionals. Dr. High is a trainer for Project Lead the Way pre-Engineering. She initiated an engineering program at Stillwater Middle School. In the summer of 2008, Dr. High was part of a professional development workshop for 80 Northeast Oklahoma middle level teachers to develop integrated engineering curriculum.Rebecca Damron, Oklahoma State University REBECCA DAMRON earned her B.A. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1987 in South Asian Studies, her M.A. in Teaching English as a Second Language in 1992 from Oklahoma State University, and her Ph.D. in Linguistics in 1997 from Oklahoma State University. Dr. Damron worked in the

Conference Session

K-12 Poster Session

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Elias Faraclas; Catherine Koehler

, especially at the high school level, should focus on a curriculum thatlends to practicing the decision-making heurist in the context of any of these attributes. Axis &Allies by Milton Bradley is used as an example to apply the decision-making heurist.Introduction The National Science Foundation funded grant titled, de Vinci Ambassadors in theClassroom, the Galileo Project (NSF Project #DGE-0139307), at the University of Connecticut,aims to bring engineering education and experiences to high school level classrooms andcurriculum. Central to this goal, several curriculum units, termed modules, have been developedand deployed to participating high schools throughout the state of Connecticut. These modulesattempt to integrate some examples of

Conference Session

Scholar Program Proposal/Develop Courses and Materials/Collaborations and Accredatation Systems for Global Engineering Education / Preparing Engineers for the Global Workplace and Successful Graduates for a Flat World: What Does It Take?

Collection

2010 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lueny Morell, Hewlett-Packard; Jennifer DeBoer, SPEED

Tagged Divisions

International

2009. 4. NACE Journal, “Closing the Gap: Helping Students Identify the Skills Employers Want”, Fall 2004. 5. Spitzer, Robert E., VP-Technical Affiliations, The Boeing Company and Member ABET Industry Advisory Page 15.1231.16 Council “Attributes of an Engineer,” 2003.6. Becker, Frank Stefan, “Curriculum for the 21st Century – a Siemens Corporate Citizenship Project,” SEFI Biannual Report 2006-07.7. Johansen, Bob, Get There Early: Sensing the Future to Compete in the Present, 2007.8. Lamancusa, John S., José L. Zayas, Allen L. Soyster, Lueny Morell, and Jens Jorgensen, “The Learning Factory: Industry

Collection

2022 CIEC

Authors

Chandramouli Chandramouli; Shoji Nakayama; Mohammad Zahraee; Niaz Latif

degree isunique in nature and CSOL faculty created mapping for each one of them separately. Initialproposals were discussed in a joint meeting with ITCC officials, CAF, and PNW faculty. Afterthis preliminary effort, the suggestions from different participants were carefully considered andrevisions were made. After few rounds of discussions, the course transfer credits and pathwayplans were finalized. An example curriculum for the pathway program is presented in Fig. 1.Revised curriculum for the OLS pathway program was also approved by the PNW FacultySenate during April 2020.In the pathway program, OLS program was revised to accommodate construction coursesproposed by CAF (Fig. 1). One important reason for expedition of this proposal was that

Conference Session

NEE Technical Session 3 - Courses: development, logistics, and impact

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Meghana Parameswarappa Jayalakshmamma, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Ashish D Borgaonkar, New Jersey Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators Division (NEE)

. Moreover, a significant gapexists in systematically incorporating emerging research topics into foundationalengineering education courses. This gap is partly due to the challenges in aligningacademic content with rapidly evolving technological landscapes and the lack ofstructured approaches to integrate these advancements into the curriculum [3]. Asa result, students may graduate with a knowledge base that, while solid intraditional principles, lacks the immediacy and relevance of recent technologicalprogress. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing a methodical approachto bridge the gap between current research developments and engineeringeducation. Focusing on integrating green infrastructure for stormwatermanagement and

Conference Session

Raise the Bar – Visions for the Future, Bodies of Knowledge, and Accreditation Vicissitudes.

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark William Killgore PE, F.ASCE, D.WRE, American Society of Civil Engineers

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

career aspirations of the student. 2. ABET should allow accreditation of engineering programs of the same name at the baccalaureate and graduate levels in the same department to recognize that education through a “professional” master’s degree produces an AME, an accredited “master” engineer. 3. Engineering schools should more vigorously exploit the flexibility inherent in the outcomes-based accreditation approach to experiment with novel models for baccalaureate education. ABET should ensure that evaluators look for innovation and experimentation in the curriculum and not just hold institutions to a strict interpretation of the guidelines as they see them. 4. Whatever other creative approaches are taken

Conference Session

Software Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Venkata Rama Chaitra Thota, University of Cincinnati; Nan Niu, University of Cincinnati; Wentao Wang, University of Cincinnati; Carla C. Purdy, University of Cincinnati

Tagged Divisions

Software Engineering Division

, waterfall-style development, we chose an existing software system for ourstudents to build upon. Both baseline systems are relatively mature: iTrust was established in2007 and Mapbox started its development in 2010. Although written mainly in Java, iTrust is aWeb application, whereas Mapbox is a mobile app. This leads to distinct integrated developmentenvironments for our students to use: Eclipse for iTrust and Android Studio for Mapbox. Table 1. Basic course information Semester Spring 2015 Spring 2016Enrollment # of students 62 103information # of teams 15

Conference Session

Technology Entrepreneurship Education

Collection

2002 Annual Conference

Authors

Stephen Markham; Russell Thomas; Roger Debo; Angus Kingon

shown in Figure4. At this level it is similar to the new venture orientation of a typical business school curriculum(Figure 2), but with a far greater emphasis placed on the value creation associated with the i deaand opportunity development. We have benchmarked this program against other graduateentrepreneurship programs in the USA, and there are unique features, which have been describedpreviously13.Relevant Curriculum Issues raised by the Entrepreneurship LiteratureHaving presented an overview of curricula, it is worth examining the entrepreneurship literature,especially the entrepreneurship education and training literature, in order to gain further insightinto the problems of teaching entrepreneurship. There is a wealth of information, and

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 9: Student Growth & Professionalization

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Gregory J. Mazzaro, The Citadel; Timothy Aaron Wood P.E., The Citadel; Kevin Skenes, The Citadel

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs Division (FYP)

traditional written exams should be avoided. Team-based projects [7] are highly encouraged, especially those which are multi-disciplinary [8].  Many entering freshmen are unprepared for rigorous academic study; thus, the Intro course should address how to be successful in college [9]. Beyond academic preparedness, retention is improved by generating enthusiasm for engineering [10] and by fostering a sense of community amongst students [11].A popular idea at many universities is the integrated curriculum -- common objectives andassignments overlapped with non-engineering courses that students take at the same time as theirengineering courses. One school paired three engineering faculty with three English-composition

Collection

1999 Annual Conference

Authors

David E. Hornbeck

assure quality and integrity, but to promote improvement through continuous self-study and evaluation." -- National Commission on the Cost of Higher Education2Historically, TAC has evaluated programs by assessing what existed at the institution at the time of thevisit---the snapshot approach---and comparing that to criteria. In determining an accreditation action for acollege visited in the fall, TAC has considered only corrective measures which have been completed bythe time of the annual ABET Commissions meetings in the following July. Under this snapshot-in-timeapproach, there is little to insure that program quality at a given institution is maintained betweenaccreditation cycles. This is especially critical if the cycle is

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ding Yuan, Colorado State University, Pueblo; Jude L. DePalma, Colorado State University, Pueblo; Nebojsa I. Jaksic, Colorado State University, Pueblo; Jane M. Fraser, Colorado State University, Pueblo

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

to the first-year engineering curriculum,” Proceedings of the 2001 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Session 1653, 2001.3. Jacquez, R. B., Auzenne, M., Green, S., and Burnham, C., “Building a foundation for pre-calculus engineering freshmen through an integrated learning community,” Proceedings of the 2005 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Session 1549, 2005.4. Hinds, T., Wolff, T., Buch, N., Idema, A. and Helman, C., “Integrating a first-year engineering program with a living-learning community,” Proceedings of the 2009 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Session 2009- 1922, 2009.5. Manuel-Dupont, S., “Writing-across-the-curriculum in an engineering program,” Journal of Engineering

Conference Session

Manufacturing Division - Workforce Development and Curricular Innovations

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Marilyn Barger P.E., FLATE, Florida Advanced Technological Education Center; Richard Gilbert, University of South Florida; Phil Centonze, FloridaMakes; Sam Ajlani, College of Central Florida

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

a Professor of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering at the University of South Florida’s College of Engineering . Richard is the Co-PI for an NSF grant that supports FLATE, Advanced Techno- logical Education in Florida ,the the NSF Center of Excellence, which was founded through substantial funding from NSF. FLATE, now funded by the NIST MEP program and the Florida Department of Ed- ucation, addresses curriculum, professional development, and outreach issues to support the creation of Florida’s technical workforce. Richard has over 30 years of experience working with the K-14 education community. Other funded efforts include projects for the NIH and the US Department of Education. The latter was for the

Conference Session

ASEE Multimedia Session

Collection

2003 Annual Conference

Authors

Stephen Carr

creation of new things thatpeople want", then young women and men who aspire to advance mankind's well beingneed exactly this kind of holistic thinking. Most engineering freshmen have littleaccurate knowledge about what distinguishes an engineering education from one in, say,science, but today's college students actually become energized by getting intoengineering academic work as soon as they enter college.Implementation of a significant revision of the freshman engineering curriculum hasrequired the usual mix of patience, vision, diligence, and attention to details. The processhere at Northwestern started by engaging leading faculty to drive this enterprise. Usingtheir collective wisdom they crafted two new course sequences that encompassed

Conference Session

Pre-college Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Pistrui, University of Detroit Mercy; Nassif E. Rayess, University of Detroit Mercy

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

a secondoffering is planned for 2017 albeit with a more accessible project.References1. Goldman, S., & Carroll, M., & Zielezinski, M. B., & Loh, A., & Ng, E. S., & Bachas- Daunert, S. (2014, June), Dive In! An Integrated Design Thinking/STEM Curriculum Paper presented at 2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Indianapolis, Indiana.2. Biggers, M., & Haefner, L. A., & Bell, J. (2016, June), Engineering First: How Engineering Design Thinking Affects Science Learning Paper presented at 2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, New Orleans, Louisiana.3. Menold, J., & Jablokow, K. W., & Kisenwether, E. C., & Zappe, S. E. (2015, June), Exploring the Impact of Cognitive Preferences on

Conference Session

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering Division: Professional Development for Students and Teachers

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Claire Duggan, Northeastern University; Maureen D. Cabrera, Center for STEM Education; Madeline Jean Leger

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division

technical and scientific knowledge. Specific attention tothese complementary and supporting aspects of the research program is what assures that allmembers succeed within an advanced laboratory environment and are provided with theadditional tools and information necessary for college and career success.Keywords: STEM, Informal Science, High School Research, Self-EfficacyIntroduction Student persistence in college, especially in STEM fields is attributed to a number offactors including but not limited to academic readiness, their level of engagement in theinstitutional culture, self-efficacy, financial preparedness in addition to other supporting factors.(1) Many universities have moved to integrate a number of initiatives to support the

Conference Session

Real World Applications

Collection

2005 Annual Conference

Authors

Mark French

offered in response to requests by both students and outsideorganizations. Our students tend to be very interested in cars and often come us with abackground in modifying, racing and even building them. The potential for outsidesupport offered the possibility of creating an appealing course that would link a variety ofsubjects in a rigorous way. The student response was enthusiastic, so we think this is agood venue for highlighting how working with a complex system integrates subjectmatter from the entire curriculum1.Basic Structure of CourseThe course was developed with 12 distinct modules: 1. The Role of Automotive Motorsports in the Undergraduate Curriculum 2. History of Automotive Motorsports

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2014 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Rajnish Sharma, University of Maryland, Eastern Shore; Abhijit Nagchaudhuri, University of Maryland, Eastern Shore

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

present the method of solutionand grasp the theoretical ideas in practice to use it for multifaceted analysis of the controlproblem given in its nonlinear version as a real-world problem. Finally, author presents a studyof students’ assessment, grasping capabilities and challenges to make it thorough and rewardingfor undergraduate research experiences in Systems Dynamics & Controls and AerospaceEngineering.1.0 INTRODUCTIONIn the curriculum of the Department of Engineering and Aviation Sciences, there are twocompulsory courses on Control Systems; one is purely on learning the linear (classical) controlmethods very first time and the other course is on familiarizing the concepts of classical controlin the laboratory settings integrated with a

Conference Session

Faculty Development 1: Social Justice Research

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Patricia Morreale, Kean University; Ann C. Gates, University of Texas at El Paso; Elsa Q. Villa, University of Texas at El Paso; Sarah Hug, Colorado Evaluation and Research Consulting

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division

on Undergraduate Research (CUR) Faculty Mentoring Award in Mathematics and Computer Science.Dr. Ann C. Gates, University of Texas at El Paso Dr. Ann Quiroz Gates is the Vice Provost of Faculty Affairs at the University of Texas at El Paso. She holds the AT&T Distinguished Professorship and served as the Chair of the Computer Science Depart- ment (2005-2008 and 2012-2020) and Associate VP of Research and Sponsored Projects (2008-2012). Gates is the Executive Director of the Computing Alliance for Hispanic-Serving Institutions (CAHSI), an NSF National INCLUDES Alliance promoting the importance of inclusion and equity in advancing innovation and discovery. She also directs the NSF-funded CyberShARE Center

Collection

2001 Annual Conference

Authors

Michael Ropp; Steven Hietpas

laboratory exercises. One such redesign, currently beingsupported under the Adaptation and Implementation track of the NSF’s CCLI program, is thesubject of this paper. An existing undergraduate “electric machines” course has been convertedinto an “EMEC systems” course in which power generation, power processing, and end-useequipment are integrated. A "just-in-time" strategy has been adapted and implemented into theEMEC course. Of particular interest is the need to provide students with end-to-end instructionon the analysis and design steps followed in the development of an electric drive system.I. IntroductionPower electronic devices have enabled unprecedented control over and flexibility of EMEC, andbecause of their advantages such devices have

Conference Session

Student Division Technical Session 4: Project-based Learning

Collection

2024 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Chengda Lu, BASIS Shavano; Vincent Liu, Brandeis High School; Justin Jin; Parker Olkowski; Yu-Fang Jin, The University of Texas at San Antonio

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Student Division (STDT)

framework's impact relied on servicehours, outreach scales, and feedback collected during the summer camps.The analysis confirmed the framework's effectiveness in enhancing students'technical and soft skills, sustaining their interest in STEM, improving teamperformances, and fostering an inclusive community for collaboration. The LPSframework offers students flexibility in developing their skill sets and has beenproven to be sustainable, transformable, and scalable for integration into K-12thengineering curriculum and extracurricular programs.IntroductionRobotics has been identified as an interdisciplinary field encompassing electrical components,computer vision, mechanics, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence [1-5]. Innovation inrobotics

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Erin Elizabeth Pepe, Rowan University; Stephanie Farrell, Rowan University; Kauser Jahan P.E., Rowan University; Cheryl A. Bodnar, Rowan University; Ashley Ferrante, Rowan University; Adam Anthony Cavallaro; Samantha K. Price; Jeffrey E. Dobkowski, Rowan University; Zachery Dean Miller, Rowan University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

undergraduate classes as well as integration of innovation and entrepreneurship into the engineering curriculum. In particular, she is interested in the impact that these tools can have on student perception of the classroom environment, motivation and learning outcomes. She obtained her certifica- tion as a Training and Development Professional (CTDP) from the Canadian Society for Training and Development (CSTD) in 2010, providing her with a solid background in instructional design, facilitation and evaluation. She was selected to participate in the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) Fron- tiers of Engineering Education Symposium in 2013 and awarded the American Society for Engineering Education Educational Research

Conference Session

Ethical Perspectives on the Grand Challenges of Engineering

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

George D. Catalano, State University of New York, Binghamton

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

the present work with a call for an integration of the skill of listening and of stopping orat least slowing down in the teaching of engineering. I have offered one idea or path as to howsuch a skill might be included in a specific course, that being, an undergraduate fluid mechanicscourse in a bioengineering curriculum. The approach will include frequent and constantintegration of meditation and other described techniques as well as a conscious effort to makeconnections among the subject matter and in this case, the fluid mechanics of living systems. Aresearch question is offered as is a theoretical foundation and methodology. If successful, that is,understanding is increased and can be documented; I shall integrate the contemplative

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2011 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ingrid St. Omer, University of Kentucky

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees

with the VRC to establish which of the most commonly foundtraining and coursework listed on Army/ACE Registry Transcript Service (AARTS) andSailor/Marine/ACE Registry Transcript (SMART) transcripts can be mapped into an ABETequivalent course. We recognize that all classes and curriculums are not created equal.However, the ABET EC2000 guidelines establish the program outcomes for each discipline.Our intention is to generate a listing of the core competencies identified in the militarytranscripts under initial evaluation, and map them with a corresponding ABET a-k profile. Dr.Sweigard is working with Mr. Dotson and the Director for Undergraduate Studies in each of thenine departments within the College to develop a minimum framework to allow

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Julie Zilles, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Ryan Ware; Megan Mericle; Paul Prior; John Gallagher, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; John Popovics, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign; Lance Cooper; Celia Elliott, University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign

focus groupA third example highlights the circling around competing ideas of writing that is characteristic ofdiscursive turbulence. This example comes from a focus group that we facilitated among physicsfaculty to foster conversation about vertically integrating writing across their undergraduatecurricula. The discussion revealed tensions among different approaches to writing instruction.One of the physics faculty shared her reservations about the vertical integration of writing inphysics. She discussed an upper-division course where students were, in her view, “strugglingalready…with the quantum…it’s like learning a completely new language.” In response, otherfaculty members suggested strategies to integrate writing with minimal additional