Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 1: Student Success Boot Camps, Summer Bridge Programs, and Living Learning Communities

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William Palm, Roger Williams University

require resources, and so it is natural to assess their effectiveness. While short-termoutcomes like first-year performance and retention are commonly used, they are proxies for ourultimate goals: preparing students for future success in their chosen fields, and doing so in areasonable amount of time. Metrics for these goals include four-year graduation rates and,somewhat crudely, GPA at graduation. Although student success in any academic programshould be celebrated, at the national level there remains need to graduate students in engineeringand other STEM fields [15], [16]. Doing so in four years, rather than six or more, is more cost-effective and launches students into their careers sooner. Thus, the primary research questionsthat this paper

Conference Session

Disability, Neurodivergence, and Sense of Belonging in STEM: Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mariah Arral, Carnegie Mellon University

student in engineering and literature aboutableism in academia, to advocate for other disabled students like me. I have been told thatengineering and academia is not a place for someone like me. As someone whose career goalsinclude a tenure-track professorship, these statements made me determined to construct aninclusive and accessible place for myself and others like me. Over the course of my educationaljourney, I have collected news articles, journals, and books that have helped me to justify myplace in the academy and advocate for myself. I have also encountered many people who arewell-meaning in their support but lacked the resources or knowledge to assist me in myendeavors. This has led me to want to provide people with resources and engage

Conference Session

ERM: Mental Health and Wellness

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cortney Holles, Colorado School of Mines

and non-STEMfaculty in how professors perceive their responsibilities to students. STEM faculty felt moreresponsible for preparing students for careers and graduate school, but they reported lessresponsibility to consider emotional or moral development and to foster tolerance and learnabout difference [42]. Because of these perceptions of faculty, students may struggle in STEMenvironments to be respected as whole people from diverse backgrounds who are multi-facetedlearners and thinkers.STEM fields continue to face problems with diversity and inclusion and with achievement gapsfor underrepresented groups, despite widely adopted missions to improve these conditions.Gonzalez, Hall, Benton, Kanhai, and Nunez report that “diverse environments

Conference Session

PCEE Session 3: Robotics and Design Competitions

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

J Carroll, Saint Louis University; Kyle Mitchell, Saint Louis University

bridge and test it beforehandand then rebuild their bridge for the competition (i.e. learn from failure). It would be verydifficult to ask students to predict their peak loads based on calculations given the highlyindeterminate designs. The third potential enhancement is to conduct formal assessment focusedon the students’ interest, understanding, and attitudes about STEM careers. One possible surveyto use is the Student Attitudes toward STEM (S-STEM) survey [28].Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Ms. Amy Preis, Ms. Sue Ratz, Ms. Rachel Rimmerman,and Mr. Darren Green for their assistance in organizing and hosting the competition for the pastseveral years. The authors would also like to thank the countless engineering

Conference Session

Virtual and Augmented Reality Applications in Manufacturing Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Xiangxiong Kong, Coastal Carolina University; Alex Fegely, Coastal Carolina University; Wout De Backer, University of South Carolina; Monica Gray, The University of Texas Permian Basin; George Hitt, Coastal Carolina University; Ryan Kerns

’ VRexperiences that will potentially help explain the changes in the quantitative data.Furthermore, insights into how and to what extent the VR story experience impacts students’engineering motivation and career pathway selections will be gathered. Students’ quantitativeengineering motivation data will be gathered with a questionnaire adapted from the valid andreliable Science Motivation Questionnaire II (SMQ-II) developed by Glynn et al. [73] due to itsexcellent overall reliability (α = 0.91) and criterion-related validity. Pre-post- Likert-typequestionnaires will be used to collect data before and after students participate in the VR storyexperience. The pre- and post-questionnaire will assess students’ intrinsic motivation, careermotivation, self

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 9: Decision Making, Problem-Based Projects, Role-Play, and a Nontraditional Project Theme

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Olewnik, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Vanessa Svihla, University of New Mexico; William Wild, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York

Paper ID #36878Origins of Requirement Development Skills in EngineeringUndergraduates: Students’ Initial Thinking and Use inEngineering DecisionsAndrew Olewnik (Assistant Professor) Assistant Professor | Engineering Education | University at BuffaloVanessa Svihla Dr. Vanessa Svihla is an associate professor at the University of New Mexico (UNM) with appointments in learning sciences and engineering. Her research, funded by an NSF CAREER award, focuses on how people learn as they frame problems and how these activities relate to identity, agency and creativity.William Wild (Director, Student Success Programs) (University at

Conference Session

ERM: Persistence and Attrition in Engineering

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kyeonghun Jwa, Pennsylvania State University; Catherine Berdanier, Pennsylvania State University

State University and is the Director of the online Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering Program at Penn State. Her research interests include graduate-and postdoctoral-level engineering education; attrition and persistence mechanisms, metrics, policy, and amelioration; engineering writing and communication; and methodological development for nontraditional data. Her NSF CAREER award studies master’s-level departure from the engineering doctorate as a mechanism of attrition. Catherine earned her B.S. in Chemistry from The University of South Dakota, her M.S. in Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering from Purdue University, and Ph.D. in Engineering Education from Purdue University

Conference Session

Educational Research and Methods (ERM) Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Liang Wang; Wei Zhang, Zhejiang University; binbin shao, Zhejiang University

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division: Ethics Education Assessment

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Green, LeTourneau University; David Dittenber, Cedarville University

Theme #6: Allow Solutions/CollaborationThe second most prominent theme in student free-form comments is the request for faculty toauthorize utilizing problem solutions and/or peer collaboration.5 Some survey comments are lightly edited for brevity, taking care to maintain the original intent and tone.Example comments5 from both universities include: • Being able to check your work online greatly helps understanding how to solve problems, especially when they aren't covered in class. • I wish that teachers would allow online help for partial credit. • Some of us need to see the answers to reverse engineer the problem. • We are going to be using google, the internet, and others for plenty of things in our careers. Knowing how

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Division (ChED) Technical Session 4: Junior & Senior Year Curriculum

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joaquin Rodriguez, University of Pittsburgh; Schohn L. Shannon, University of Pittsburgh; Michael McMahon; Hseen Baled

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering Division (ChED)

mathematical involvement, in contrast toother courses in the career, and for the restricted applicability to industrial jobs. This criticismgenerally negatively affects the motivation of students. However, the combination with hands-onexperiments has proved to enrich the learning and motivation of students, but most colleges facesevere restrictions on the investment, maintenance, and operation of process control labs and theaddition of new requirements in the curriculum. Some alternatives have been exploring the useof simple modules for classroom demonstrations, theoretical simulations of equipment in unitoperations lab, and virtual-lab simulations.This paper describes the scope of technical training based on process model and synthesis of

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division (CONST) Technical Session 2

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Veto Matthew Ray, Indiana University - Purdue University, Indianapolis; Emily McLaughlin; Brenda Morrow, Indiana University - Purdue University, Indianapolis

Tagged Divisions

Construction Engineering Division (CONST)

engineering and construction industry lags behind other professions in theirdiversity, equity, and inclusion of women and racial-ethnic minorities [11], [12]. Researchindicates a significant factor deterring underrepresented minorities from pursuing construction-related careers is the lack of a sense of belonging. An individual’s perceived sense of belongingwithin a particular space can be influenced by the physical materials or “artifacts” within theenvironment. A study by Burgoon, et al. [11] suggest artifacts (e.g., art, signage, photographs)with exclusionary nonverbal messaging about “who is valued and who belongs” within aconstruction school may decrease students’ sense of "fitting in,” and reduce retention of womenand racial-ethnic students in

Conference Session

Equity, Culture & Social Justice Technical Session

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ingrid Scheel, Oregon State University; Rachael E. Cate, Oregon State University; Devlin Montfort, Oregon State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Culture & Social Justice in Education Division (EQUITY), Equity

. Engineering practice for me became as much about interaction withthose individuals and collaborators as the technology itself. Leydens and Lucena present aframework in their book Engineering Justice [5] that establishes methods for integrating criteriain courses such that the human factors rampant in engineering practice are present in engineeringeducation. This was the missing link for me when I was a student preparing to apply forinternships, jobs, and try to formulate an idea in my mind concerning how a career inengineering might materialize and be fulfilling.Research approach and rationaleThe focus of the field observations in this study was the creation of knowledge through themutual understanding of the instructional faculty and students within

Conference Session

Design Thinking and Student Design Teams

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eileen Fong, Nanyang Technological University; Ibrahim H. Yeter, Nanyang Technological University; Shamita Venkatesh, Nanyang Technological University; Mi Song Kim, University of Western Ontario; Jingyi Liu, Nanyang Technological University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods Division (ERM)

education framework [39]. In this project-based learning, the student's competencies and skills were significantly enhanced, which wasthought to benefit them in their future careers. Furthermore, a study about biomimicry, aninterdisciplinary design thinking approach that answers engineering issues by takinginspiration from nature, explored the understanding and perceptions of biomimicry amongundergraduate and high school students from different countries [40]. The findings revealedthat students had limited knowledge of its applications in engineering and required moreassistance in developing their ideas into prototypes using a top-down approach, also referredto as problem-driven method or indirect biomimicry that involves using biological systems

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division - Mechanics Applied and the Best in Five... Get Ready!

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Kaklamanos, Merrimack College; Simon Ghanat, The Citadel; Craig Shillaber, Northeastern University; Tanya Kunberger, Florida Gulf Coast University; Brock Barry, United States Military Academy; Shawn Griffiths, University of Wyoming; Corrie Walton-Macaulay, Saint Martin's University; Suresh Immanuel, University of Evansville; David Saftner, University of Minnesota Duluth; Chris Swan, Tufts University

, and effective learning approaches in engineering and the development of an interest in STEM topics in K-12 students.Brock Barry Dr. Brock E. Barry is the Director of Civil Engineering and Professor of Engineering Education in the Department of Civil & Mechanical Engineering at the United States Military Academy, West Point where he has been part of the faculty since 2009. Dr. Barry holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Rochester Institute of Technology, a Master of Science degree from University of Colorado at Boulder, and a PhD in Engineering Education from Purdue University. Prior to pursuing a career in academics, Dr. Barry spent 10 years as a senior geotechnical engineer and project manager on projects

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division - Innovating New Ways to Teach

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ryan Solnosky, Pennsylvania State University; M Parfitt

key scopes: service-related knowledge, strength relatedknowledge, detailing knowledge, code/standard knowledge, and materials knowledge. Only three coretopics were offered above 75%. They were: ultimate flexure, ultimate shear and elastic stresses. These threetopics are key to understanding this type of structural system and thus must be included in a course. In addition to seeing the topic breakdown (Figure 1), approximately 10-15 industry experts thatregularly attend the Penn State University Career Fair were asked what topics should be covered from anindustry perspective. Common reoccurring trends in these informal discussions included:  Load balancing and equivalent stresses due to their usefulness in conjunction with their

Conference Session

Aerospace Division Technical Session: Student Success

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

MacKenzie Reber, Grove City College; Yun Dong, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Subhanwit Roy, Iowa State University of Science and Technology; Benjamin Ahn, Iowa State University of Science and Technology

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE) Technical Session 2: Let's Get Thinking Computationally

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Alaina Katherine Mabie; Monica McGill, CSEdResearch.org; Brenda Huerta, Bradley University

Tagged Divisions

Pre-College Engineering Education Division (PCEE)

membrane, nucleus,vacuoles, and cytoplasm. The students were also taught choreography for a poem about cells,Mabie, McGill, Huerta ASEE 2023then how to program a virtual character to dance the choreography that they learned. Findingsrevealed that students’ CT skills increased significantly between the pre- and post-test andstudents were engaged in and enjoyed the learning process.Playton et al. conducted a case study focused on whether increasing student exposure to STEMintegrated with CS (STEM+C) positively impacts their attitudes, interests, engagement, andknowledge of CS careers [41]. Rural fourth graders (n=34) were given 18 contact hours over ayear with three inquiry-based STEM

Conference Session

Faculty Development Division (FDD) Technical Session 3

Collection

2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Swetha Nittala, Uber Technologies; Sheri D. Sheppard, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Faculty Development Division (FDD)

instruction -- as a facilitator of learning first day of class. as opposed to an authority figure Content This section contains strategies for ❏ Have a diverse set of readings and guest embedding inclusive teaching principles speakers representing varied demographic into the content of the course. These perspectives (gender, race, ethnicity, career path, strategies are aimed at enabling all academic path.) students to feel engaged with the content

Collection

2023 ASEE North Central Section Conference

Authors

Dylan Marcus Tobey, University of Pittsburgh; Tony Lee Kerzmann, University of Pittsburgh; Veronica Roth; David V.P. Sanchez, University of Pittsburgh

Paper ID #40409Agrivoltaics: A Team-Based Analysis of Solar Energy and AgriculturalModelingDylan Marcus Tobey, University of Pittsburgh Dylan Tobey is a junior at the University of Pittsburgh studying Mechanical Engineering, with interests in sustainability and economics.Dr. Tony Lee Kerzmann, University of Pittsburgh Dr. Tony Kerzmann’s higher education background began with a Bachelor of Arts in Physics from Duquesne University, as well as a Bachelor’s, Master’s, and PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh. After graduation, Dr. Kerzmann began his career as an assistant professor of

Conference Session

Engineering Education Culture: Mental Health, Inclusion, and the Soul of Our Community

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Lucy Elizabeth Hargis, University of Kentucky; Courtney Janaye Wright, University of Kentucky; Ellen L. Usher, University of Kentucky; Joseph H. Hammer, University of Kentucky; Sarah A. Wilson, University of Kentucky; Melanie E. Miller, University of Kentucky

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

involveintense identity exploration and a period of planning for the transition to a career and adulthood[1]. When coupled with the demands of rigorous academic coursework and requirements, thisperiod of development can present significant psychological challenges. Indeed, mental healthconcerns have been increasing on college campuses, as students report more symptoms of stress,depression, and anxiety [2], [3]. This is concerning given the evidence of the link betweenmental health during college and students’ academic achievement, retention, work-ethic, andsocial well-being [1], [4]. Perhaps more alarming is the fact that suicide is the second-leadingcause of death on college campuses [1], [5].Seeking help from mental health professionals is one way

Conference Session

Computers in Education 7 - Modulus 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rahman Adekunle; John Kofi Eshirow Jr., University of Virginia; Jacob Lam Herring, University of Virginia; Sin Lin, University of Virginia; Rider W. Foley, University of Virginia

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Ruby[13] are not addressed, as the projects have neither been completed, nor have they publiclyreported on the research outcomes. Future research should evaluate what worked and hadmeasurable effects on student educational outcomes and what did not work and how the contextinformed the results.Conclusion The primary goal of these programs from the onset was to make early computingeducation accessible to kids all across the nation in order to promote further CS learningthroughout student’s educational careers. The expectation for many of these RPP programs wasthat they could potentially serve as first contact initiatives for kids in rural and urban areas wherequality CS education is less accessible from a younger age, but that did not

Conference Session

Design Courses 1, Teaching Tools

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Justin Charles Major, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Tyler Tallman, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

same authors and others describethe importance of connecting with industry partners to align disciplines and industry to oneanother. However, it was found that both needs could be addressed by connecting to industrypartners more fruitfully. Specifically, both stakeholders can provide to each other’s needs in theform of funding, training, and provision of career pathways to students. Having described the broadscope of engineering education as it relates to NDM teaching and learning, I now move to a morein-depth discussion of ideas.6. Discussion of ThemesIn this section, I wish to take a step forward and dig deeper into the themes of the many works Iread and reviewed. Specifically, I hope to target the issues I have found out about NDM

Conference Session

Making in Design Education

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Matthew Wettergreen, Rice University; Joshua Brandel

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

is to bean expert in this area, rather than letting novices construct this knowledge independently. Byhelping students develop in real-time the tacit knowledge necessary to succeed in a skill, career,or position, an expert can cultivate the proper behaviors and skills. A trade-off withapprenticeship models is their commitment to a long-term relationship between the novice andexpert, rather than the shorter-term learning models described above.Course OverviewThe Oshman Engineering Design Kitchen (OEDK) facility at Rice University hosts courses aspart of the first credentialled engineering design minor in the United States. One of the requiredcourses in the minor is ENGI 210: Prototyping and Fabrication. This course introduces studentsto a

Conference Session

Best Paper, Best Diversity Paper

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Maija A Benitz, Roger Williams University

Tagged Divisions

Ocean and Marine

assignment would need to be amenable to social distancing, adaptableto a return to remote learning, while also being valuable for students learning and skill building.Moreover, the project should fulfill various course learning outcomes, including training studentsto thrive in 21st century careers that require ample digital collaboration.The InspirationThe course project was inspired by Wired Magazine’s video series called “5 Levels” [27]. Thetwelve episode series invites experts in a wide range of areas – from laser physics to musicalharmonies to sleep science – to explain an advanced topic to five audiences (a child, teenager,undergraduate, graduate student, and colleague). The videos include sequential discussions withan individual from each

Conference Session

Reassessing Your Teaching Through Turmoil

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ryan Solnosky P.E., Pennsylvania State University; Nathan C. Brown, Pennsylvania State University; Rebecca Napolitano, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

of the topics. How well the instructor 6.67 7 7 6.47 7 7 6.64 7 7 promoted and meaningful learning experience. The positive attributes of AE 401 in the SRTE comments remained the ability to watch theshort segmented videos ahead of time and review the examples as often as needed with voice over.Students also commended the course organization (notes, topic flow, and Canvas website) in theirability to navigate it. While it was busy at times, the project put the context of the class intoperspective and connected students to content they are likely to see in their careers. In terms ofimprovements, one piece of advice was to keep writing out the variable form of the equationsbefore doing

Conference Session

Best in 5 Minutes: Demonstrating Interactive Teaching Activities

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sotonye Ikiriko, Morgan State University; Ayodeji B. Wemida; Steve Efe, Morgan State University; Mehdi Shokouhian, Morgan State University; Oludare Adegbola Owolabi P.E., Morgan State University; Jumoke 'Kemi' Ladeji-Osias, Morgan State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

multiple STEM disciplines. She enjoys observing the intellectual and professional growth in students as they prepare for engineering careers. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021 Home-Based Cantilever Beam Experiment for Civil Engineering Undergraduate StudentsAbstractThere is a growing concern in engineering fields during the ongoing pandemic regarding howstudents will be able to achieve one of the major learning outcomes: an ability to conductappropriate experimentation (away from campus), analyze, interpret data, and useengineering/scientific judgement to draw conclusions. Experimental Centric Pedagogy (ECP) hasbeen shown to

Conference Session

The Best of First-year Programs Division

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Sydney Anne Morris, Northeastern University; Hannah Boyce, Northeastern University; Caroline Ghio, Northeastern University; Amanda Dee, Northeastern University; Alexis Pathwick-Paszyc, Northeastern University; Paul DiMilla, Northeastern University; Rachelle Reisberg, Northeastern University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

NUStage, Northeastern’s student-run musical theater organization.Ms. Alexis Pathwick-Paszyc, Northeastern University Alexis is a third-year undergraduate student majoring in bioengineering at Northeastern University. This is her first year working with the Connections Chemistry Review Program. Additionally, she is working as a COE Undergraduate Program Assistant. She previously worked as a co-op student for the College of Engineering as the COE Undergraduate Upper-class Tutoring Coordinator and Supervisor.Dr. Paul DiMilla, Northeastern University During his academic career as a faculty member in engineering and the sciences at Carnegie Mellon Uni- versity, Olin College, and Northeastern University, Paul A. DiMilla has

Conference Session

College Industry Partnerships Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Shruti Misra, Unviersity of Washington; Denise Wilson, University of Washington

Tagged Divisions

College Industry Partnerships

ofreal-world experience as a factor in the ENGINE student experience is not surprising. Similarly,given the generally important role that faculty and teaching assistants (TAs) play in studentlearning as well as the importance of grades to undergraduates, the emergence of instructionalsupport and assessment as factors in the capstone design experience is also justified. Andfinally, the fourth factor, task value serves as an indication of students' motivation to participatein the ENGINE capstone experience. Task value draws from expectancy-value theory and hasbeen demonstrated to be a distinct contributor to academic engagement and effort [26, 27] aswell as educational and career aspirations [28].RQ2: Was there a difference in student perceptions

Conference Session

Student Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jorge Jimenez, University of Pittsburgh; April A. Dukes, University of Pittsburgh; Morgan V. Fedorchak

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Student

societies [18], and industry sectors [19]. Collaborations from thesestakeholders support the translation of novel DDS from laboratory or “benchtop” research through commercialization, clinical trials and regulatory bodies and onto the patient, or “bedside” [20]. As a multidisciplinary field, researchers have contributed to engineering curriculum by developing drug delivery courses to engage engineering students with varied interest in medicine and the desire to pursue biomedical careers in pharmaceutical industries, research intensive institutions, and medical schools [21]. Historically, students enter this course with prior knowledge of chemical engineering fundamentals, and are instructed by bioengineering and chemical engineering

Conference Session

Studies of Shifting In-person Courses to Online and Students' Online Behavior

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Bradley J. Sottile, Pennsylvania State University; Laura E. Cruz, Pennsylvania State University; Yi-An Lo Burleson, Pennsylvania State University; Kris McLain, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Assistant Pro- fessor of psychology at Pennsylvania State University, Beaver, She has previously served as an assistant professor and program director, or psychologist and international student services and career coordinator at universities. She has had presentations in teaching and learning, prevention, and multicultural coun- seling and teaching. Clinically, she has provided individual, group, career, and couples therapy to clients age ranging from 3 to 74 at counseling centers, community mental health agencies, and group and private practices.Kris McLain, Pennsylvania State University Kris McLain is a dual-title PhD candidate in Philosophy and Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies. Her research lies at the