Conference Session

Technical Session 5c

Collection

2017 Pacific Southwest Section Meeting

Authors

Andrea Magdalene Vasquez, Harvey Mudd College; David Kwan, Harvey Mudd College; Laura Palucki Blake, Harvey Mudd College; Sarah Silcox; Joseph John Sinopoli, Harvey Mudd College; Gordon G. Krauss, Harvey Mudd College

Tagged Topics

Diversity, Pacific Southwest Section

Mudd College, Dr. Krauss was a lecturer in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Michigan and enjoyed a career in industry. He holds a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering, an M.S. in Aerospace Engineering, both from Boston University, and completed his undergraduate degree in Physics and Astronomy at Haverford College. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2017 Modes of feedback in design review process: Implications for utility and effectiveness based on student genderAndrea M Vasquez, Sarah Silcox, Joseph Sinopoli, Laura Palucki-Blake, Gordon G. KraussAbstractDuring classroom design reviews, presenters receive and respond to questions from reviewers.Prior work

Conference Session

Proven Strategies in Classroom Engagement Part I: Artifacts for Creative Pedagogy

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Daniel J. Pickel, University of Waterloo; G. Wayne Brodland, University of Waterloo; Rania Al-Hammoud P.Eng., University of Waterloo

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

andexperiential learning into a typical undergraduate engineering course.Overview of the Use of Models in Student LearningThe use of models to teach engineering concepts can be incorporated into a form of inductiveeducation. In inductive education, an instructor will first introduce problems or case studies tostudents and then introduce and explain theories and tools which can be used to solve the problems.The goal of this education type is to provide meaningful context to students prior to delivering therelated theory which can provide motivation. “You’ll need this for the exam” or “you’ll need thisin your career” may not provide sufficient motivation to engage the students in learning thetheories taught (5). The models can be used to illustrate real

Conference Session

Professional Skills development in Design

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Mark Dawidow, Harding University; James L. Huff, Harding University; Keelin Siomha Leahy, University of Limerick

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

engineering students develop in their career identity while also developing as whole persons. James received his Ph.D. in engineering education and his his M.S. in electrical and computer engineering, both from Purdue University. He received his bachelor’s in computer engineering at Harding University.Dr. Keelin Siomha Leahy, University of Limerick Keelin Leahy is a lecturer of Technology Education at the University of Limerick. Keelin received her PhD from the University of Limerick in 2009, which focused on approaches for design activities in second level education. Keelin’s main research interests include developing approaches for the development of creativity and design based activities and pedagogy. Keelin lectures in the

Conference Session

Materials Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cynthia Wise Barnicki, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Katherine Hennessey Wikoff, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Anne-marie Nickel, Milwaukee School of Engineering

Tagged Divisions

Materials

seen rapid growth in the importance of private standards in chocolate valuechains.15 With changes in technology increasing demand for other materials with serious ethicaland sustainability issues (especially cobalt, with 20% of the supply from Congo extracted bysmall-scale mining operations that have no oversight and rely on child labor and workerexploitation),16 students may find that their future engineering careers depend not just on theirknowledge of materials and manufacturing processes but possibly even more on their ability toplace that knowledge within an awareness of larger supply chain issues resulting from myriadcauses.ConclusionThe authors have enjoyed exploring the topic of chocolate from a pure knowledge perspective,along with

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 8

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sidaard Gunasekaran, University of Dayton

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

content of several existing classes were adjusted to better reflect nationaltrends in Aerospace engineering education. The intention of the Introduction to Flight course within theMechanical Engineering curriculum is to motivate sophomore level undergraduate students to differentaspects of aerospace engineering so that they can make an informed decision about pursuing aerospaceengineering as their career. The topics covered in the course are shown below - 1. Aviation Pioneers 10. Thrust to Weight Ratio and Lift to Drag 2. Parts of Airplane (Activity) Ratio (Gimli Glider activity) 3. Nomenclature of Airplane and Airfoils 11. Finite Wing Aerodynamics

Conference Session

Innovation and Fun in the Civil Engineering Classroom

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Anthony Battistini, Angelo State University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

Washington State University (2013-2014) and George Mason University (2014-2017). Throughout his career, his primary responsibility as a faculty member has been teaching students, for which he aspires to provide them with a quality and enjoyable experience. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2019 Using Themes and Pop Culture References to Make Introductory Civil Engineering Courses More EngagingAbstractWith the widespread availability of online streaming services, students can easily binge-watchshows or videos for hours. Yet, the same students seem to struggle to maintain their attentioninside engineering classrooms. It is proposed that employing the use of themes and stories

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering Division Technical Session 6

Collection

2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lawrence Funke, Ohio Northern University; J. Blake Hylton, Ohio Northern University; David Sawyers, Ohio Northern University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

including more Arduino content in the course.5 Framework for assessmentThough the preliminary findings have been overwhelmingly positive much remains to be done inassessing the main objective of this project - to better prepare the students to use mechatronicsystems in their careers. In order to ensure that the students are achieving this outcome, inaddition to enjoying the hands-on content, a more formal assessment needs to be developed andimplemented. The authors are proposing a two-fold approach. First, to administer surveys beforeand after the Arduino content in all of the modified courses. The surveys will cover priorexperience, understanding of content, motivation, and confidence in success for several relevanttopics. Appendix A contains the

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Catherine Cohan, Pennsylvania State University; Pradip K. Bandyopadhyay; Amy L. Freeman Ph.D., Tufts University; Ryan Scott Hassler; Mark William Johnson, Pennsylvania State University, Altoona Campus; Mikhail Kagan, Pennsylvania State University, Ogontz Campus; Ann Marie Schmiedekamp; Peter J. Shull, Pennsylvania State University, Altoona Campus

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

Bridges from Campus to Campus study (NSF IUSE#1525367) is to increase the number of underrepresented students (i.e., African American,Native American, Hispanic American students) in undergraduate Engineering majors. By doingso we strive to address the urgent need to expand the pool of undergraduates who earn a Science,Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) degree. This paper describes progress in Year 2 ofthe project with a focus on Cohort 2.Goals: To improve retention in Engineering, this study conducts academic enrichment programsfor racially underrepresented Engineering students at three points in their career at thePennsylvania State University—entering first-year students, rising sophomores, and risingjuniors. The goals of the study are to

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amelito G. Enriquez, Canada College; Nicholas Langhoff, Skyline College; Erik N. Dunmire, College of Marin; Thomas Rebold, Monterey Peninsula College

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

students to both get oriented to engineeringdisciplines, job functions, and overall career awareness, as well as to help students develop thegrowth mindset and success strategies needed to be a successful college student in a rigoroustechnical field. As such, many of the activities developed for the lecture and laboratoryIntroduction to Engineering curriculum are designed to help students grow in these vital areas.In developing the lab experience for this course, a primary objective was to identify and design aset of experiments that provided hands-on exploration in the major fields of engineering and theengineering design process, which could also work well in a remote learning setting. A relatedobjective was to identify a set of equipment to

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ning Gong, ECE Department of Temple University ; Brian P. Butz, Temple University; Saroj K Biswas, Temple University; Li Bai, Temple University; Daniel J Douglas, Temple University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Electrical and Computer Engineering at Temple Univer- Page 26.1714.1 sity. He is interested in research opportunities involving machine learning, power systems, and software applications. His long term goal is a career in power and energy systems engineering. c American Society for Engineering Education, 2015 WEB BASED SCALABLE INTELLIGENT MULTIMEDIA VIRTUAL LABORATORY FOR POWER ENGINEERINGAbstract A laboratory practicum is considered a key component of engineering education. However ahands-on approach is often ignored for courses involving electrical machines

Conference Session

Perspectives on Degree Completion and Graduate School Application

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Amir Karimi, University of Texas, San Antonio; Randall D. Manteufel, University of Texas, San Antonio; Lynn L. Peterson, University of Texas, Arlington

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

. There are a number of ways to create such a community, and no single solution is sufficient. Thebest recommendation is for the university to have a holistic approach employing multiple strategiessuch as: tutoring, mentoring, learning centers, first-year student programs, at-risk student programs ,strong academic advising, and career awareness7.Over the years, much has been done to understand and improve the retention of students8-12.Universities use problem solving recitations, and the integration of math/science/engineering intomore exciting engineering courses with more active design projects for students. Many of theseefforts have had limited success and are often overwhelmed by changes in the student bodyattending the university, changes in

Conference Session

Assessing Social Responsibility & Sustainability

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan E Canney PE, Seattle University; Angela R Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Mikhail Russu

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods, Engineering Ethics, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

like this were very uncommon, however. This could point to a missing link withrespect to developing a professional sense of social responsibility in engineers that could drawfrom the existing HSS influences that students reported. One student actually discussed howtheir humanities class influenced them negatively with respect to their views of engineering,saying: “Mostly the humanities, the engineering classes I took made me realize how irrelevant my major (mechanical engineering) is to making a difference in the world. I don't plan on using my major for anything in the future- planning on shifting my career path to the humanities/social sciences.”This response came from a female, senior engineering student who

Collection

2018 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Waddah Akili, Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

programreports that students regarded team work, communication, and time management and/ororganization as “the three most valuable things learned” from the EPICS course. (26)There is strong evidence that supports the statement noted above (27) including assessment dataon the impact of PBL &design courses on student’ benefits, general outcome, & future career (28).Mills and Treagust (29) reviewed published evaluations of PBL programs in engineering andconcluded that students who participate in PBL early on, are more motivated, demonstrate bettercommunication and teamwork skills, and have better understanding of professional practice andhow to apply their learning to real problems; however, some may have less complete mastery ofengineering

Collection

2018 Gulf Southwest Section Conference

Authors

Colby Ryan; Alexis Crandall; Mitch Martinez; David Kennedy; Kristian Ecolango; Jay Porter; Joseph Morgan

comparison. To students in programs around the better prepared for the workforce when their world, Capstone signifies the culmination of all of the coursework includes meaningful experiences that are information they have learned throughout their coursework: applicable to their future careers. it’s the final test in which a student can prove they are • Real-world learning environments: While one ready to graduate and meet real world industry [2]. Several can lecture on the processes involved in product graduates have stated that a challenging Capstone project development, project management, interfacing with made them feel more confident once

Conference Session

Leadership Perspectives in Engineering Technology

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Hamad Albadr, Riyadh College of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

graduated from King Abdul Aziz University in Biomedical Engineering from 1985 to2000 where 20% are non-Saudi national. 50% of the remains where joined the governmenthealth care facilities, 10% changed their professional career and the rest joined privatefacilities and/or medical companies .The Saudi Biomedical Engineers’ hands on working arevery low comparing to the number of health care facilities and/or medical companies. Fromthe above data, the number of graduates working within the health care facilities and/ormedical companies are very low which shows that the number of Biomedical engineers pernumber of hospitals and/or medical companies is one Biomedical engineer against five ormore hospitals and/or medical companies. Obviously, there is a

Conference Session

Capstone Design & Project Courses

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Matthew Green, LeTourneau University; Paul Leiffer, LeTourneau University; Thomas Hellmuth, LeTourneau University; Roger Gonzalez, LeTourneau University; Stephen Ayers, LeTourneau University

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

Hellmuth, LeTourneau University Dr. Tom Hellmuth is Dean of the School of Engineering and Engineering Technology at LeTourneau University in Longview, Texas. He obtained a B.S.M.E. from Rice University in 1978, an M.S.M.E. from Colorado State University in 1980, and a Ph.D. from New Mexico State University in 1995. He worked in industry in the area of machine and thermal system design for about five years before beginning his teaching career. He has taught for 20 years in mechanical engineering and engineering technology programs. Current interests are in modeling of thermal systems and engineering design. Email: TomHellmuth@letu.eduRoger Gonzalez, LeTourneau University Dr. Roger V. Gonzalez

Conference Session

Simulation and Virtual Instrumentation

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ronald Uhlig, National University; Shekar Viswanathan, National University; John Watson, National University; Howard Evans, National University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

student population of three hundred students. Dr. Viswanathan is an educator, researcher and administrator with more than twenty-five years of industrial and academic experience encompassing engineering and environmental consulting, research and development, and technology development. His career experience includes teaching at the University level, conducting fundamental research, and developing continuing educational courses.John Watson, National University John Watson has been a professional technologist and researcher for over 24 years. Page 12.579.1 Research/Academic: Dr

Conference Session

Undergraduate Spacecraft Design I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas Liu, University of Michigan; Christopher Deline, University of Michigan; Rafael Ramos, University of Michigan; Steven Sandoval, University of Michigan; Ashley Smetana, University of Michigan; Yang Li, University of Michigan; Richard Redick, University of Michigan; Julie Bellerose, University of Michigan; Peter Washabaugh, University of Michigan; Bogdan Oaida, University of Michigan; Brian Gilchrist, University of Michigan; Nilton Renno, University of Michigan

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

knowledge and expertise that would otherwise takeyears of post-graduate experience to be achieved.1.1 S3FL’s philosophyA comprehensive education that prepares students to be strong contributors and leaders in theirfuture careers requires an academic program of both classroom and practical components.Classroom settings provide the foundations of engineering analysis but cannot substitute forpractical, hands-on experience gained from real-world problem solving in end-to-end projects.S3FL’s objective is to provide students with the opportunity to learn, develop, and practice theengineering, teamwork, management, and leadership skills required as members of the nation’sfuture space workforce.S3FL offers students the following opportunities2: • Hands

Conference Session

FPD8 -- Introductory Courses

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Steven Lehr, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University; Christopher Grant, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University-Prescott

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

capabilities. ….Andrew PTime, patience, and dedication are necessary for any programming project to be successful. Theymust be planned out over a period of time, rather than done the night before in order for theproject to have any possibility of being impressive. The project is only as good as the quality ofwork you put into it. Your attitude towards the project also affects the quality of its final outcome.This program is not just a final project, but a tool for me in the future. I have truly realized thepower, convenience, and usefulness of the C++ programming environment and will be using itthroughout my career. .. Matthew SIn conclusion, the horsepower calculator is a very handy piece of code that is of high interest tome, and some of my friends

Conference Session

Engineering Professional Development for K-12 Teachers – I

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Shanna Daly, Purdue University; Lynn Bryan, Purdue University

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

learning and bridges classroom lessons to real-world experiences.4,5The United States’ investment made in future nanotechnology developments requires a reformededucational program for preparing students for engineering, science, and technology careers.6The incorporation of nanoscale concepts into middle- and high-school curricula can contribute tothese initiatives.Research has demonstrated that students of science may gain deeper conceptual understandingswhen they are able to build and manipulate models of science phenomena.7 In addition, there isa consensus among scientists, engineers, and science and engineering educators in the field ofnanoscale phenomena that education of nanoscale science, engineering, and technology conceptsrelies on models

Conference Session

Effective Tools for Teaching Engineering Economy

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Phil Rosenkrantz, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Economy

had some idea about how much they will need to save over their working career inorder to retire with the lifestyle they desire 3. Students upload to WebCT their EXCEL templateand a brief paper about their findings and retirement plan.Results of Learning Activity #1: Students learned how to apply course concepts and use anEXCEL spreadsheet to make financial calculations. They also learned how to perform sensitivityanalysis using the spreadsheet. They learned how to summarize their results in the form of anexecutive summary. No negative comments were received during assessment about the use of theretirement plan as a learning activity. Many students responded in the optional comment sectionof the survey that they really liked the activity and

Conference Session

Best of the NEE

Collection

2007 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Squire, Virginia Military Institute; Charles Bott, Virginia Military Institute; Matthew Hyre, Virginia Military Institute

Tagged Divisions

New Engineering Educators

a student asking to join aresearch time on a work for pay basis during his last year. Since he was a very good student andhad already taken most of his engineering classes, he was immediately given critical tasks for thecompletion of a project which had a very aggressive schedule and hard deadlines. The studentdid quite well until he had earned enough money for his spring break trip. During the last 6weeks of the semester, it was very difficult to get any meaningful work out the student. Havingcome to the project late in his student career, he felt little responsibility to the sponsor. Since hedid not need the research in order to graduate, it quickly fell to the bottom of the priority list. Inthe end, he was dropped from the project. This

Conference Session

Novel Courses and Content for ChEs I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Allen White, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Glen Livesay, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Kay C Dee, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

kinesthetic active supplemental learning opportunities for this project. Glen’s educational research interests include student learning styles and the statistical evaluation of assessment instruments. He has received an NSF CAREER award, and served as the 2006 Fellow at the National Effective Teaching Institute.Kay C Dee, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology Kay C Dee is an Associate Professor of Applied Biology and Biomedical Engineering and the Founding Director of the Rose-Hulman Center for the Practice and Scholarship of Education. Kay C’s educational research interests include student learning styles, student evaluations of teaching, and faculty development. She served as the 2003 Fellow at the

Conference Session

Undergraduate Space Design and Project Courses

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Kuhlman, West Virginia University; G. Michael Palmer, West Virginia University

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

Page 13.135.16motivator for many of the students, as well as an opportunity for them to learn to apply theirclassroom knowledge to the solution of a “real” problem. It appears to us that the result tends 15to be an increase in their overall engagement in the educational process, and in their self-confidence and maturity. The three written reports and class homework that also emphasizeswriting contribute to improved technical writing skills. The collaborative team environmentfor the project is good preparation for their careers, and we believe that it also helps in theirverbal communication skills. Also, those who have provided financial resources for the Balloon

Conference Session

Mechanics Education Programs and Projects

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cliff Lissenden, Pennsylvania State University; Nicholas Salamon, Pennsylvania State University; Andrew Miller, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

, using standards, and cognitiveskills through provision of mechanical design and data retrieval methodologies, interactivedesign examples, sample projects, and project management for students and faculty via theinternet.2. Attract various faculty to teach application of their science through provision of thewherewithal for students to do design. Our trial application is for the elementary strength ofmaterials course.3. Assess the effectiveness of the design experiences to better prepare students for careers inengineering where they will be required to routinely perform higher level thinking in the form ofsynthesis and evaluation to solve open-ended problems that require iterative divergent andconvergent thinking. Additionally, we must ensure

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Curriculum Innovation

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Greg Waidley, University of Wisconsin - Madison; Jason Bittner, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

, this appears tobe the case based on a preliminary review of the program. The Master of Science in CivilEngineering is a research degree and requires a 6 credit transportation thesis and 7 credits intransportation engineering electives. The Master of Civil Engineering requires a 3 credittransportation project and 7 credits in transportation engineering electives.The GITP is now being offered as a six-course certificate program. The certificate wasdeveloped for early and mid-career transportation professionals in response to a need expressed Page 13.188.7by the profession for increased training in interdisciplinary approaches to transportation

Conference Session

Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma in Manufacturing Education 1

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jacqueline Isaacs, Northeastern University; Jay Laird, Metaversal Studios; Seth Sivak, Carnegie Mellon University; Mark Sivak, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

AC 2008-1446: GREENING THE SUPPLY CHAIN: DEVELOPMENT OF ACOMPUTER GAME TO TEACH ENVIRONMENTALLY BENIGNMANUFACTURINGJacqueline Isaacs, Northeastern University JACQUELINE A. ISAACS is an Associate Director of the Center for High-rate Nanomanufacturing and an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at Northeastern University in Boston, MA. Her research focuses on economic and environmental assessment of manufacturing. Initial development of Shortfall resulted from her CAREER grant funded by the National Science Foundation (DMI-9734054), and subsequent NSF funding (DMI-0537056) to continue its development.Jay Laird, Metaversal Studios JAY LAIRD is

Conference Session

Innovation & Assessment in the delivery of IT/IET

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Susan Scachitti, Purdue University Calumet; Jamie Workman-Germann, Indiana University-Purdue University-Indianapolis; Matthew Stephens, Purdue University; Annaji Sharma Ammu, Purdue University Calumet; Richard Szromba, Purdue University Calumet

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

of these principles andtheir often required industry experience prior to working in academia. Unfortunately,since a majority of IET and IT educators began their careers more than 10-20 years ago,this has resulted in many of them having their experience grounded in the manufacturingindustries. IET and IT curriculum, including texts and educational materials as well asplans of study, must change to incorporate non-manufacturing focuses so that thestudents and employers of non-manufacturing industries can benefit.In order to accomplish this, faculty must engage in the community and the new ‘non-industrial’ markets to gain experience. This is what Purdue University faculty did inorder to begin the transformation of their curriculum. Much of this

Conference Session

Curricular Developments in Energy Education

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kenneth Van Treuren, Baylor University; Ian Gravagne, Baylor University

Tagged Divisions

Energy Conversion and Conservation

rather dry but important topics in science andengineering. And where better to generate interest than at the very beginning, when freshman arestill forming their view of the academic process, the relevance of their professors andcoursework, and their potential career paths? This is the context of the two projects described inthis paper.The Museum ProjectThe Museum Project began as an idea to build and install a laboratory exhibit in the MaybornMuseum focusing on alternative and renewable energy. The museum is a great place wherechildren of all ages can come and learn in a warm, friendly environment.29 The DiscoveryCenter, a part of the museum, has 16 hands-on discovery rooms for interactive education. Oneof these rooms, the Energy Room, will

Conference Session

Thermodynamics, Fluids and Heat Transfer - I

Collection

2008 Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Troy Dent, University of Alabama; Keith Woodbury, University of Alabama; Robert Taylor, University of Alabama

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering