Conference Session

Innovation in Engineering Leadership Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cheryl Allendoerfer, University of Washington; Rebecca A. Bates, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Jennifer Karlin, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; Ronald R. Ulseth, Iron Range Engineering; Dan Ewert

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

prepared for a career in this global economy.In the U.S. education system, it has been recognized by many prominent engineering agenciesand educational leaders2,3,4,5,6,7 that the current model of engineering education will notadequately prepare students to be the engineers of the future and that change is needed in theway engineering education is done in the U.S. These reports and other calls for change all pointout that the key to effective curriculum development is building an engineering education modelthat meets both technical and professional needs of the field that graduates will enter. One actionfrom these calls resulted in ABET adoption of the ABET 2000 criteria, a set of eleven outcomesfor engineering graduates to possess.While many

Conference Session

Models and Practices of Community Engagement for Engineering Faculty

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado, Boulder; Chris Swan, Tufts University; Kurt Paterson P.E., James Madison University; David O. Kazmer, University of Massachusetts, Lowell; Olga Pierrakos, James Madison University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Community Engagement Division

and professionals whoengage with EWB-USA, compared to average U.S. engineering peers.9,10 Research has shownthat serving society and helping people are more important career goals for women than men.11-14Thus, casting engineering through this lens of how it benefits society and people may help closethe persistent gender gap in engineering.It is an open question whether engineering faculty fully embrace these ideals of helping peoplethrough engineering, and serve as role models for using engineering to benefit society.Engineering faculty are critically important in meeting goals to educate engineers to have a broadset of skills, knowledge, and attitudes.15-17 Research on engineering faculty is less prevalent thanstudents, so the values of

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 10: Paying Attention to Retention

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

William John Palm IV P.E., Roger Williams University; Charles R Thomas, Roger Williams University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

Conference Session

Make It!

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Charles M Schweik, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; Paula Rees, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; Steven D Brewer, University of Massachusetts Amherst; Christine Olson; Dan Smoliga

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Paula L. Sturdevant Rees is Director of the Massachusetts Water Resources Research Center (WRRC). In addition, she is the Director of Diversity Programs for the College of Engineering at UMass Amherst. As Director of Diversity Programs, Dr. Rees works with students, faculty and staff to provide exceptional education and professional growth opportunities for under-represented students in engineering. She is dedicated to increasing and maintaining student interest in engineering and related science and technology and works with several regional K12 programs to help increase the pipeline of students interested in pursuing careers in these fields.Dr. Steven D Brewer, University of

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica Mary Smith, Colorado School of Mines; Juan C. Lucena, Colorado School of Mines

Tagged Topics

Diversity, NSF Grantees Poster Session

. Another worksthree jobs – as a nurse in an assistive care home for the elderly, a Spanish tutor for business Page 26.1127.6people, and a clerical assistant on campus – while being a full-time engineering student at CSM.In the midst of this economic activity, CSM continues to be positioned as a “best bargain school”where students wanting to major in financially rewarding careers like petroleum engineeringbenefit from relatively low tuition and little expectations of possessing the kinds of social andcultural capitals associated with Ivy League schools. Furthermore, CSM’s location with respectto this economic activity allows many LIFG students to

Conference Session

Development as Faculty and Researcher: ERM Roundtable

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephanie Pulford, University of Washington Center for Engineering Learning & Teaching (CELT); Nancy Ruzycki, University of Florida; Cynthia J. Finelli, University of Michigan; Laura D Hahn, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Denise Thorsen, University of Alaska, Fairbanks

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

learning community is for new faculty and instructional staff to gettheir careers off to an efficient and productive start. It is intended to provide a culture of supportfor (primarily) teaching, and (secondarily) research and service, in a relaxing and collegialenvironment. Specific goals of the community are to help faculty 1) plan, implement and manageeffective in-class and out-of-class instruction, 2) develop and use instructional materials, 3) applyresearch-based techniques of effective instruction, 4) plan and implement evaluations ofinstruction, 5) mentor students and be mentored by senior faculty colleagues, and 6) makeeffective use of departmental, college, and campus instructional resources.Staff members from the college’s Academy for

Conference Session

Survey and Assessment Development

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David L. Little II, Oregon State University; Kathleen Quardokus Fisher, Oregon State University; Shane A. Brown P.E., Oregon State University; Milo Koretsky, Oregon State University; Jana Bouwma-Gearhart, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Dr. Kathleen Quardokus Fisher is a post doctoral scholar at Oregon State University. She is currently participating in a project that supports the use of evidence-based instructional practices in undergraduate STEM courses through developing communities of practice. Her research interests focus on understanding how organizational change occurs in higher education with respect to teaching and learning in STEM courses.Dr. Shane A. Brown P.E., Oregon State University Shane Brown is an associate professor in the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Oregon State University. His research interests include conceptual change and situated cognition. He received the NSF CAREER award in 2010 and is working on a

Conference Session

Online Teaching

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Paul Morrow Nissenson, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; Angela C. Shih, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James E Morris, Portland State University; Jack C. Straton, Portland State University; Lisa H Weasel, Portland State University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

. Past and planned course schedule. (*Possibly adjunct-taught)Program evaluationThe Research Group at University of California Berkeley’s Lawrence Hall of Science iscontracted to evaluate the impact and merit of the program by examining the quality andeffectiveness of its project deliverables and the implementation of these deliverables for itsprimary audiences. The evaluation employs a variety of instruments and approaches at variousphases of the project to determine the extent to which the project deliverables foster a deeperunderstanding of the applications of nanotechnology as well as the social, economic and moralissues surrounding the field, and provide hands-on lab experiences and enhance awareness ofand preparedness for careers in

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 6: Hands-on Projects and Spatial Skills

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Ocif Love, Northeastern University; Susan F Freeman, Northeastern University; Kris Jaeger-Helton, Northeastern University; Richard Whalen, Northeastern University

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

following First-Year Program objectives wereestablished: 1. Provide students with the opportunity to experience engineering as an evolving, creative and interdisciplinary career that impacts global society and daily life. 2. Provide students with the opportunity to develop process-driven problem solving skills that recognize multiple alternatives and apply critical thinking to identify an effective solution. 3. Provide students with the opportunity to integrate math and science in an engineering context. 4. Create motivated and passionate engineering students by challenging them with authentic engineering problems across multiple disciplines. 5. Instill in our students the professional, personal and academic behaviors and common

Conference Session

Engineering Physics & Physics Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Elby, University of Maryland, College Park; Eric Kuo, Stanford University; Ayush Gupta, University of Maryland, College Park; Michael M. Hull, Wayne State College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics & Physics

theirsubsequent engineering courses and careers? Faculty often mention “problem solving skills” and“conceptual understanding”; but decades of physics and engineering education research havebarely addressed this question empirically.1-3Some engineering educators argue that traditional close-ended, well-structured and well-definedproblem-solving of the type demanded by end-of-chapter problems in physics textbooks isimportant to emphasize, because it develops skills that students can build on and apply in laterengineering classes. Others argue that mathematical sense-making—translating and seekingcoherence between mathematical formalism and physical reasoning (often intuitive), usingmathematics flexibly as part of sense-making about the physical world—is

Conference Session

Curricular Issues in Computing and Information Technology Programs II

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Emre Tokgoz, Quinnipiac University

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

programming language depended on the complexity of the problem. Particularly mathematicians preferred to solve the problem by hand if the problem doesn’t appear to be too complicated.Research Question 3Numerical value calculations’ of power series or error term graphs/values is one of the calculusand numerical analysis concepts that some of the engineering and mathematics majors learn duringtheir undergraduate or graduate education. Use of technology to calculate the Numerical values ofpower series or error term graphs/values of functions are not taught by calculus professors at everyuniversity; however it can play an important role in engineering and mathematics courses to betaken later or students’ future careers. Questionnaire and video

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Edwin R. Schmeckpeper P.E., Norwich University; Ashley Ater Kranov, Washington State University; Steven W. Beyerlein, University of Idaho, Moscow; Patrick D. Pedrow P.E., Washington State University; Jay Patrick McCormack, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

“Professional Issues” course to cover topics,such as ethics, which are related to the professional practice of engineering. These coursescommonly utilize case studies focusing on ethics as the basis for student discussions.1 Measuringthe student learning resulting from the case study process is often very subjective, difficult toquantify, inconsistent between evaluators, and costly to administer.2,3 Determining changes instudent learning from freshman to senior year is also different to quantify.Proficiency in engineering professional skills, such as ethics, as described in ABET criterion 3 -student outcomes4, is critical for success in the multidisciplinary, intercultural team interactionsthat characterize 21st century engineering careers. These

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nancy K Lape, Harvey Mudd College; Rachel Levy, Harvey Mudd College; Darryl H Yong, Harvey Mudd College; Rebecca M Eddy, Cobblestone Applied Research & Evaluation, Inc.; Nancy Hankel, Cobblestone Applied Research & Evaluation, Inc.

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

. Dr. Eddy received her doctorate in Applied Cognitive Psychology and has spent her career focused on ap- plying the principles of learning and cognition to evaluation of educational programs. Her work includes published articles and client technical reports as President of Cobblestone Applied Research & Evalu- ation, Inc. and a faculty member at Claremont Graduate University. Work at Cobblestone focuses on advancing the numbers of underrepresented minority students in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields. Dr. Eddy has conducted evaluation or applied research studies on numerous university projects including clients programs funded by the National Science Foundation; U.S. Depart- ment

Conference Session

Research to Practice: STRAND 4 – K-12 Engineering Resources: Best Practices in Curriculum Design (Part 1)

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marion Usselman, Georgia Institute of Technology; Mike Ryan, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jeffrey H Rosen, Georgia Institute of Technology; Jayma Koval, Georgia Institute of Technology; Sabrina Grossman, CEISMC: Georgia Tech; Nancy Anna Newsome, CEISMC - Georgia Tech; Marcela Nicole Moreno, CEISMC

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

Unlock Potential) and Earsketch: An Authentic, Studio-Based STEAM Approach to High School Computing Education. She is also a coordinator for GoSTEM- a collaboration between Georgia Tech and Gwinnett County Public Schools. She graduated from Georgia Institute of Technology in 2013 with a Bachelor of Science in History, Technology and Society with a minor in International Affairs. During her undergraduate career, she interned with CEISMC’s summer programs division for three years before moving into her current position. She is currently working to- ward her Master in City and Regional Planning at Georgia Tech with a focus on environmental and health planning. She coordinates events, purchasing, and payments for her four

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Doug Bullock, Boise State University; Janet Callahan, Boise State University; Susan E. Shadle Ph.D., Boise State University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

Conference Session

Concepts and Conceptual Knowledge

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lauren Suzanne Wallace; Floraliza Bornilla Bornasal, Oregon State University; Shane A. Brown P.E., Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

Construction Engineering, 211 Kearney Hall, 1491 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 Phone: 509-499-5187 Email: bornasaf@onid.oregonstate.eduDr. Shane A. Brown P.E., Oregon State University Shane Brown is an associate professor in the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Oregon State University. His research interests include conceptual change and situated cognition. He received the NSF CAREER award in 2010 and is working on a study to characterize practicing engineers’ understand- ings of core engineering concepts. Page 26.391.1 c American Society for Engineering Education

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stuart G. Walesh P.E., S. G. Walesh Consulting

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

significant attention in CE education programs because that KSA set isaddressed during the Engineer Intern process. That is and broadly speaking, formaleducation stresses analysis and, while it may include some creativity/innovation content,creativity/innovation are learned as part of design during the pre-licensure experience.My career includes three decades in full-time private and public practice. Informed bythat experience, I know that many Engineer Interns will receive at least modest designassignments. However, those tasks will tend to be carried out in a conventional mannerusing algorithmic approaches largely devoid of creativity/innovation expectations

Conference Session

Best of DEED

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jessica Menold, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Kathryn W. Jablokow, Pennsylvania State University; Timothy W. Simpson, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Emily A. Waterman, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Design in Engineering Education

courses on Product Family Design, Concurrent Engineering, Mechanical Systems Design, and Product Dissection, and he serves as the Director of the Product Realization Minor in the College of Engineering. He is a recipient of the ASEE Fred Merryfield Design Award and a NSF Career Award. He has received several awards for outstanding research and teaching at Penn State, including the 2007 Penn State University President’s Award for Excellence in Academic Integration. He is a Fellow in ASME and an Associate Fellow in AIAA. He currently serves on the ASME Design Education Division Executive Committee and is former Chair of both the ASME Design Automation Executive Committee and the AIAA MDO Technical Committee. He is

Conference Session

Mathematics Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Eliza Gallagher, Clemson University; Lisa Benson, Clemson University; Geoff Potvin, Florida International University

Tagged Divisions

Mathematics

plan, conduct, and assess a class session. Pedagogical expertise in thiscontext includes such aspects as supporting the psychological and emotional well-being of thestudents, engaging students in the learning process, and adapting to meet the needs of individuallearners. Individuals are located within the framework based on the relative importance theyassign to each of these types of expertise.Figure 2: Beijaard, Verloop, and Vermunt’s model of teacher identity through a personal knowl- edge perspective.Early career secondary mathematics teachers typically cluster along the pedagogical/didacticalaxis, with experienced secondary teachers moving towards the center of the triangle 5 .Mathematics graduate programs traditionally take the

Conference Session

Engineering Physics Technical Session 4

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Teresa L. Larkin, American University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Physics & Physics

. M. (August 13, 2015). STEM degrees are not earned by math alone. Diverse Education, p. 28.[33] Ramsey, K. and Baethe, B. (2013). The keys to future STEM careers: Basic skills, critical thinking, and ethics. Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin, 80(1), pp. 26-33.[34] http://www.blackboard.com/, accessed 01.31.16.[35] Larkin, T. L. (2014). The student conference: A model of authentic assessment. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP), 4(Special Issue 2), pp. 36 – 46. Kassel University Press GmbH, Kassel, Germany. eISSN: 2192-4880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v4i2.3445.

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Teamwork

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ada Hurst, University of Waterloo; Erin Jobidon, University of Waterloo; Andrea Prier, University of Waterloo; Taghi Khaniyev, University of Waterloo; Christopher Rennick, University of Waterloo; Rania Al-Hammoud P.Eng., University of Waterloo; Carol Hulls P.Eng., University of Waterloo; Jason Andrew Grove, The University of Waterloo; Samar Mohamed, University of Waterloo; Stephanie Joan Johnson M.Ed, University of Waterloo; Sanjeev Bedi P.Eng., University of Waterloo

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Multidisciplinary Engineering

, employees must haveknowledge, skills and abilities (KSAs) that empower them to communicate and coordinate withtheir colleagues2. The ability to act as an effective team member and leader is critical forengineering graduates entering industry, business or other career paths. Accordingly, theCanadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) has designated teamwork as one of thetwelve attributes engineering students must possess upon graduation3. Similarly, ABET hasincluded the “ability to function on multi-disciplinary skills” in its set of professional skills4.In our experience as engineering educators, based on observations as well as employer andstudent exit surveys, the traditional academic setting cannot give sufficient experiences forreasonable

Conference Session

PBL and Flipped Classrooms in Civil Engineering Education

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Laura Doyle, Santa Clara University; Tonya Lynn Nilsson P.E., Santa Clara University

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

did increase: an important consideration at the start of theengineering education career.5,6,7Five of the “flipped” learning modules extended this approach by using the flipped-flippedclassroom model. In this variation on the inverted classroom, students initially experience aconcept by completing an in-class, hands-on activity that demonstrates a theory’s behaviorwithout any theoretical explanation. This is followed by the typical flipped approach withhomework to view a video explaining the theory and solve related problems and additional in-class, problem solving in the next class meeting. Early research indicates the flipped-flippedmethodology improves learning, retention and engagement.8Finally, three hands-on activities were developed to

Conference Session

Spatial Visualization Within Engineering Design Graphics

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wilhelm Alex Friess, University of Maine; Eric L. Martin, University of Maine; Ivan E. Esparragoza, Pennsylvania State University, Media; Oenardi Lawanto, Utah State University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Design Graphics

Paper ID #14596Improvements in Student Spatial Visualization in an Introductory Engineer-ing Graphics Course using Open-ended Design Projects Supported by 3-DPrinted ManipulativesDr. Alex Friess, University of Maine Dr. Friess holds a Ph.D. in Aeronautical Engineering and a B.Sc. in Physics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (1997), and currently is Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering with the University of Maine (since 2012). Previously he has spent 5 years in Dubai as inaugural faculty of RIT Dubai and Dubai Aerospace Enterprise University. Dr. Friess’ industrial and academic career spans a variety of consulting

Conference Session

Homework, Learning, and Problem Solving in Mechanics

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kai Jun Chew, Stanford University; Helen L. Chen, Stanford University; Beth Rieken, Stanford University; Autumn Turpin, Stanford University; Sheri Sheppard, Stanford University

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

Engineering at the University of South- ern California (USC) and his Master of Science in the same field at Stanford University. He is currently exploring the field of data science as his potential career path.Dr. Helen L. Chen, Stanford University Helen L. Chen is a research scientist in the Designing Education Lab in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Director of ePortfolio Initiatives in the Office of the Registrar at Stanford University. She is also a member of the research team in the National Center for Engineering Pathways to Innovation (Epicenter). Chen earned her undergraduate degree from UCLA and her Ph.D. in Communication with a minor in Psychology from Stanford University in 1998. Her current

Conference Session

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation Division Technical Session 8

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stuart G. Walesh P.E., S. G. Walesh Consulting

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Entrepreneurship & Engineering Innovation

Conference Session

Socio-Technical Issues in Engineering

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Megan Kenny Feister, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Carla B. Zoltowski, Purdue University, West Lafayette; Patrice Marie Buzzanell, Purdue University, West Lafayette; David H. Torres, Purdue University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

Marie Buzzanell, Purdue University, West Lafayette Patrice M. Buzzanell is a Distinguished Professor in the Brian Lamb School of Communication and the School of Engineering Education (courtesy) at Purdue University. She is the Butler Chair and Director of the Susan Bulkeley Butler Center for Leadership Excellence. Editor of three books and author of over 170 journal articles and chapters, her research centers on the intersections of career, gender communication, leadership, and resilience. Fellow and past president of the International Communication Association, she has received numerous awards for her research, teaching/mentoring, and engagement. She is working on Purdue-ADVANCE initiatives for institutional change

Conference Session

International Division Technical Session 5

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Dominik May, TU Dortmund University; A. Erman Tekkaya, TU Dortmund University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

International

. And the third group con-centrated on quality of life and future plans for the region. In addition to that, all of the groupswere asked to compare their results with their home countries in terms of any major differ-ences or even similarities. The results were presented and discussed in class during one of theearly live sessions. Hereby the students simultaneously gained knowledge about their futuredestination and challenged their personal understanding about their own cultural background.Furthermore, they were introduced into the home countries of their future classmates. Anoth-er activity in this course part was dominated by several discussions about the essence of theengineering profession, necessary competences for successful careers in

Conference Session

Trends in Accreditation and Assessment

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Donna M. Riley, Virginia Tech

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

contradicts a careful study of four institutions constrained in terms of educationalinnovation by accreditation, not because the process itself was cumbersome, but because of thenorms and constraints imposed by ABET evaluators and the broader engineering culture. 33Because ABET relies strongly on “old-boy networks” – exclusive relationships of mutualsupport and influence – to select leadership from Program Evaluators on up, the decision-makingstructure has a pronounced problem of underrepresentation (even by engineering standards) ofwomen, people of color, and younger engineers. Have any ABET evaluators been educatedunder EC 2000? How many have a true appreciation for professional skills? How many havespent careers focused narrowly in technical

Conference Session

Assessment I: Developing Assessment Tools

Collection

2016 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Wajid Hussain, The Islamic University in Madinah; Fong K. Mak P.E., Gannon University; Mohammad Faroug Addas, The Islamic University in Madinah

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

, communication/IT/numerical and/or psychomotor skills [48]. In addition, categories of learning domains whichseem very relevant for the engineering industry and career-related requirements may not bepractically easy to implement when it comes to classification, measurement of PIs, and realisticfinal results for CQI measurement.A hypothetical Learning Domains Wheel as shown in Figure 7 was developed by the Faculty ofEngineering to analyze the popular learning domains models available, including Bloom’s, with aperspective of realistic measurement of outcomes based on valid PIs classification that does notresult in a vague indicator mechanism for CQI in engineering education. Learning domainscategories mentioned in this paper specifically refer to broad