Conference Session

Green and Sustainable Manufacturing Education

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Devdas Shetty, University of the District of Columbia; Claudio Campana, University of Hartford; Suhash Ghosh, University of Hartford

Tagged Divisions

Manufacturing

causes of the problem, when taking intoaccount the many different perspectives of all the process stakeholders. People Methods Measurement (Lack of (Weak root (Lack of control experience) cause) plan) Ineffective corrective action (Problem) Machines Materials (Missing Environment (Lack of Information, Multiple (Absence of analytical formats) quality) equipment

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 16: That Important Decision - Which Engineering Major?

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kerry L. Meyers, Youngstown State University; Gregory Warren Bucks, University of Cincinnati; Kathleen A Harper, The Ohio State University; Victoria E Goodrich, University of Notre Dame

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

about which students are shifting and where are they going? Are these the samestudents that come in undeclared? A follow-up study in the 2015-2016 school year is planned tofurther explore these issues.References 1. Orr, M. K., Brawner, C. E., Lord, S. M., Ohland, M. W., Layton, R. A., & Long, R. A. (2012, October). Engineering Matriculation Paths: Outcomes of Direct Matriculation, First-Year Engineering, and Post- General Education Models. In Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2012 (pp. 1-5). 2. Besterfield‐Sacre, M., Atman, C. J., & Shuman, L. J. (1997). Characteristics of freshman engineering students: Models for determining student attrition in engineering. Journal of Engineering Education, 86(2

Conference Session

Measurement and Instrumentation

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Brian M Frank, Queen's University; James A. Kaupp, Queen's University; Natalie Simper, Queen's University; Jill Scott, Queen's University, Kingston (Canada)

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

, establishing reliability is a very procedure dependent process and the studiesthat reported low reliability conducted their reliability training in a decentralized manner. 2,3 Thismethod is not conducive to establishing agreement between raters by impeding the discussion and Page 26.1176.6debate that is associated with a typical norming and calibration process. Those with higherreliability conducted their reliability training in a local environment that promotes interaction,discussion and debate between raters, leading to increased agreement and enhanced measures ofreliability. This stresses the importance of having a well-planned, well-supported

Conference Session

Potpourri

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Afsaneh Minaie, Utah Valley University; Ali Sanati-Mehrizy; Paymon Sanati-Mehrizy; Reza Sanati-Mehrizy, Utah Valley University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

,”There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom”, Engineering and Science, 23(5): 22-36, 1960. 4. Mongillo, John, “Nanotechnology 101”, Greenwood Press, 2007. Page 26.1183.13 5. Roco, Mihail C. , Chad A. Mirkin, and Mark C. Hersam, “Nanotechnology Research Directions for Societal Needs in 2020: Summary of International Study”, Springer, 2011.6. Greenberg, A. “Integrating Nanoscience into the Classroom: Perspectives on Nanoscience Education Projects”, ACS Nano, Vol.3, No. 4, 2009, pp. 762-769.7. The National Nanotechnology Initiative – Strategic Plan, December 2007.8. Veety, E., et al., “Multidisciplinary Undergraduate Minor

Conference Session

Innovative Use of Technology I

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Katharina Schuster, RWTH Aachen University; Anja Richert, RWTH Aachen University; Sabina Jeschke, RWTH Aachen University

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

virtual objects and omnidirectional treadmills enable unrestrictednavigation through a virtual environment by natural walking movements. Other tools as 3-dimensional joysticks or sensor-enhanced clothes may come into play. To evaluateperspectives and potential for the use of mixed reality settings within engineering educationan empirical study was carried out, focusing on the impact of spatial presence and flow oncognitive processes. Therefore an experimental research design was chosen. A mixed realitysimulator (Virtual Theater) was used which combines two natural user interfaces: a headmounted display (HMD) and an omnidirectional treadmill. To assess the effects of naturaluser interfaces on cognitive processes, a two-group-plan (treatment and

Conference Session

Assessment of Engineering Leadership Skills

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Beth Lin Hartmann P.E., Iowa State University; Clinton Stephens, Iowa State University; Charles T. Jahren P.E., Iowa State University

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Leadership Development Division

☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Know how to prepare an effective presentation ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Maintain eye contact during a conversation ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Represent a colleagues’ position when they are not present ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Demonstrate a successful event they have planned ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Influence others ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Go above and beyond what is asked

Conference Session

Engineering Management Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

S. Jimmy Gandhi, California State University, Northridge; Jennifer A Farris, Texas Tech University; Mario G. Beruvides Ph. D., Texas Tech University; Ahmad R Sarfaraz, California State University, Northridge

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Management

that influencepartially-distributed teams. While numerous studies have identified contributors to the outcomesof virtual teams in general, the impact of the degree of virtuality specifically remains an openarea with little previous research which is what the authors are going to focus on building aframework to address.Research ObjectivesThe primary goal of this research study is to form a framework which will enable theincorporation of experiencing working on virtual teams in engineering. In order to do this theauthors have to understand the impact of changes in degree of virtuality on student engineeringteam learning outcomes. For this purpose, there will be five basic hypotheses to be tested as partof the research plan. In Hypothesis 1, the

Conference Session

Mechanics of Materials

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kurt C. Gramoll, University of Oklahoma

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

operators and phone carriers (DSL), and 3) campus connections that isprovided to students by universities. As expected, mobile data and home broadband had similartotal time results. These type of connections can vary due to network congestion and plan levelOn the other hand, university provide connections generally have faster response times andhigher capacity which enable campus operations to be about 10% faster. In all cases, the actualcalculation time would be nearly identical since all HPC nodes are the same. Table 6.2: Total Time for Solution (Network and Calculations) Total Phone Tablet Tablet Nodes Mobile Data Home Broadband

Conference Session

Innovative Use of Technology II

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Peter Jamieson, Miami University; Jeff Eaton, Miami University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computers in Education

, have similar results. This allows us to increase our data set and tounderstand if these methods are more generally applicable to a range of courses and under whatconditions. Our second direction, which we have learned might be the most important part of thiswork, is how should the criterion map be created? Even though our results seem to show positiveresults, we suspect that the criterion map is fundamental in this process. For example, if the termsin a field are highly connected (larger degree) then does this make it easier or harder for a student.Also, how does the timing of when the terms are presented in the course impact the longitudinalstudy. Our plan is to use this new metric in these studies and to try and answer these questions forthe

Conference Session

K-12 & Pre- College Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Arthur D. Kney, Lafayette College; Emily Isabelle McGonigle

Tagged Divisions

K-12 & Pre-College Engineering

,” future plans include:  Continuation of the STEM camp as a STEAM Camp  Continued effort to improve the efficacy of our assessment process o Use of past data to establish a database to aid in iterative improvements  Better understand how the introduction of “Arts” into STEM improves learning outcomes and/or general framework of the education modules  Establish a website where our developed education modules will be made available to others  Integrate the support of K-12 teachers into the program with the intent to inform/collaborate on how to improve the efficacy of the delivery and messages presented through STEAM Camp informal environmental education program o Although

Conference Session

Aerospace Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael C. Hatfield, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; Keith W Cunningham; Samuel Vanderwaal; Eyal Saiet, University of Alaska Fairbanks

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Aerospace

from public safety tosupporting environmental research.ACUASI’s recently expanded education mission has funded a new, joint faculty position at UAF’sGeophysical Institute (GI) and the College of Engineering and Mines (CEM) to teach UAS technology.The first classes took place during UAF’s winter 2014 term; going forward, a foundation for UASeducation and training has been established, and UAF has just approved plans for an undergraduateaerospace engineering minor beginning fall 2015. Faculty hired specifically for the center’s STEMprogram are an integral part of the university’s UAS technology courses. Page 26.1613.2Leveraging strong

Conference Session

Development as Faculty and Researcher: ERM Roundtable

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Courtney June Faber, Clemson University; Lisa Benson, Clemson University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

was always taught to go above and beyond and challenge accepted thinking.” Participant 24) Research experiencesFor many students their research experiences in various environments helped them develop as aresearcher. These experiences allowed them to develop a range of laboratory skills, workindependently on projects, and gain a first-hand idea of what research is like. “My internship at [Company X] that helped me understand that I liked laboratory work on the industrial scale.” Participant 31 “Working in a laboratory at a Singaporean university for a summer, in which I was generally left to my own devices, allowing me to plan my own activities and learned to be self-motivated, along with becoming

Conference Session

Design Throughout the Mechanical Engineering Curriculum

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Robert T. Bailey P.E., Loyola University Maryland

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

indicators from the graded projects can be identified that could form the basis for anobjective measure of the impact of 3D printing on outcomes III and IV. This exercise could notbe completed in time for inclusion in this paper.As previously mentioned, an unintended consequence of the flexibility afforded by 3D printingwas that some students created very intricate designs that were then difficult to documenteffectively in traditional design drawings. We plan to point this out to the students up front andask them to balance their creativity with a measure of simplicity, always giving thought to howthey will communicate design intent in their drawings

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sara A. Atwood, Elizabethtown College; Brenda Read-Daily, Elizabethtown College

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

!4. Communication(depending on what format you choose, and mitigated by creative stylistic choices) Written (short story, poem, scene from play) a. Conciseness (avoid wordiness – omit needless words) b. Clarity (no ambiguity – use definite, specific, and concrete language) c. Accuracy (what you are saying is correct) OR Plan, construct, and deliver an effective oral presentation. Creating slides/presentation (graphic novel/comic strip) a. Clear logical organization b. Readable graphics and text c. Good signal to noise ratio - omit needless ink, aesthetically pleasing Delivery (skit/song) a. Timing - within time allowed, appropriate pace

Conference Session

Materials Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Barry Dupen, Indiana University Purdue University, Fort Wayne

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Materials

engineers at his company, bald men earn more on average thanmen with full heads of hair. He would be foolish to shave his head in hopes of a raise; the oldestengineers are paid the most, and are more likely to be bald.Students who write lengthy responses may tend to be smarter, harder working, more thoughtful,more literate; or perhaps they are simply better at planning their time. These characteristics leadto higher grades.Do Prerequisites Matter?A third indicator of success in 100Strength of Materials is the grade 80earned in the prerequisite class, StrengthStatics. This graph shows the of

Conference Session

Dynamic Systems and Control

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Estelle M. Eke, California State University, Sacramento

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

ofmore kits. One solution might be for students to buy the NXT microprocessor, known as thebrick, and for the department to supply the other LEGO pieces. Another suggestion was that theNXT be more fully integrated into the course by starting simple projects in the third week whensystem parameters are discussed in the lectures; plans are underway to do this beginning in thespring semester 2015. Table 6 shows the table of contents for technical writing that is distributedto the students and used as the project grading rubric.ConclusionsThe LEGO NXT project has been effective in helping students to better understand and apply theprinciples of automatic controls. Observing students (i) engage in group discussions as theyattempt to convince others of

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Stephanie Farrell, Rowan University; Jennifer Vernengo, Rowan University; Thomas L. Merrill, Rowan University; Mary Staehle, Rowan University; Jennifer Kadlowec, Rowan University; Johannes Strobel, Texas A&M University

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

-related topics into their already-crowded curricula, yet undergraduate engineering students are rarely exposed to real biomedicaltopics through their coursework. To provide students with the skills directly relevant to theevolving needs of the biomedical industry, this project will develop and integrate applied bio-medical course content and experiments throughout the Rowan University Engineering curricu-lum.A plan is presented to introduce hands-on, biomedically-related experiments and course materi-als into the engineering curriculum, with a focus on artificial organs. These biomedical moduleswill be integrated throughout Rowan University’s engineering curriculum, into the multidiscipli-nary freshman engineering course, core engineering courses

Conference Session

Systems Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Greg Bartus, Stevens Institute of Technology; Frank T. Fisher, Stevens Institute of Technology

Tagged Divisions

Systems Engineering

andsuccess.”ConclusionsThis case study presents our approach and the lessons learned from our experiences. While wefound that the initial approach was successful we plan to improve the integration process andenhance systems engineering concepts.First, as classroom teachers, they reflected an ability to recognize some engineering systems Page 26.1213.9thinking skills such as systems (or circular or holistic) thinking in managing the project andvaluing the customer. Furthermore, feedback from the teachers suggests that this will impacttheir classroom teaching; first, by replicating this project, but also by applying systemsengineering to other projects

Conference Session

Concept Inventories and Assessment of Knowledge

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mark A Urlacher, Oregon State University; Shane A. Brown P.E., Oregon State University; Paul S. Steif, Carnegie Mellon University; Floraliza Bornilla Bornasal, Oregon State University

Tagged Divisions

Educational Research and Methods

their professional career Page 26.1236.2objectives in a civil engineering-related field.”[4] Reflective of these mission statements, thereexists common desire for classes and material covered within the education plan of civilengineering students to prepare them for the profession after they graduate.Universities generally undergo ABET certification because, as noted in the ABET website,“accreditation is proof that a collegiate program has met certain standards necessary to producegraduates who are ready to enter their professions.”[5] For students, accreditation of a programmeans that the school “knows their profession's dynamic and emerging

Conference Session

Software Applications in ET Programs

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joseph A. Untener P.E., University of Dayton; Robert L. Mott, University of Dayton; Buck Jones, Engineered Software

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Technology

well. 1. This model requires a true partnership between textbook authors and a recognized commercial software company. Ensuring that individual interests are well-served by the arrangement is critical. Stakeholders include students, faculty, authors, publishers, and industry, and all must be remembered when establishing the partnership. 2. Matching print material with more dynamic software can be a challenge. A strong and stable software company must be part of the equation to ensure sustainability. Also the ability to adjust to software revisions between textbook updates must be planned. 3. As is always the case with experiential learning, the addition of this facet of the course does require faculty time

Conference Session

NSF Grantees’ Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nolan Alexander LaSota, University of Pittsburgh; Robert S. Parker, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl A Bodnar, University of Pittsburgh

Tagged Topics

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Paper ID #11588Preparing Students for the Complexity of the Systems Medicine Field througha Research Experience For Undergraduates (REU)Mr. Nolan Alexander LaSota, University of Pittsburgh Nolan LaSota is currently a student at the University of Pittsburgh. He plans on majoring in chemical engineering.Prof. Robert S. Parker, University of PittsburghDr. Cheryl A Bodnar, University of Pittsburgh Cheryl A. Bodnar, PhD, CTDP is an Assistant Professor (Teaching Track) in the Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering at the Swanson School of Engineering at the University of Pittsburgh. She obtained her certification as a

Conference Session

Chemical Engineering Division Poster Session

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mariajose Castellanos, University of Maryland, Baltimore County; Joshua A Enszer, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Tagged Divisions

Chemical Engineering

and competition is a very valuable tool toreally highlight your own weaknesses. In a sense competitions are like exams and all weaknessescome out to the surface. Usually before the competition I create a map of things that I want tohappen, things that can go wrong, and my “escape plan”. In a way my map is very similar to theHazOp table where I try to figure out exactly what I want to happen, what can go wrong before andduring the competition, and what can be done to prevent or avoid a negative event from happening.For instance it is important to not be hungry but also eating too much food can cause sluggishness.It is very advantageous to know exactly how much food you need to consume before and during theevent to perform at the optimum

Conference Session

Curricular Issues in Computing and Information Technology Programs I

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

John Pickard, East Carolina University; Annie Y. Patrick, East Carolina University; Dustin Stocks

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Computing & Information Technology

and data compiled by special tools built by 6Lab are used to analyze data relatingto IPv6 adoption. The 6Lab program segments world IPv6 adoption into four phases: planning,core network, content, and users. By all four phases, global IPv6 adoption is rapidly increasing.Planning - Measured by looking at the number of IPv6 prefix allocations from the RIRs and howmany of these allocated prefixes show up in Internet routing tables. By measuring the number ofallocated IPv6 prefixes, it is possible to get an indicator of future IPv6 deployments. All threeprefixes (Allocated IPv6 Prefixes – dashed line, Routable IPv6 Prefixes-dotted line, and AliveAllocated IPv6 Prefixes-solid line) exhibit an increasing trend (Figure 1

Conference Session

Engineering Laboratory Experiences

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Michael J. Schertzer, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Patricia Iglesias, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); Kate N. Leipold, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE); John D. Wellin, Rochester Institute of Technology (COE)

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

thefollowing day. Lab topics for this course include characterization of (i) vortex tubes, (ii) vaporcompression refrigeration, (iii) centrifugal pumps, and (iv) frictional pipe losses. New labs havebeen developed for this course examining (v) error propagation in measurement of complexgeometries, (vi) measuring Poiseuille flow velocity profiles, and (vii) thermocouple calibration.This work will describe the changes made to this course over the past two years and discuss theirsuitability based on effectiveness and student satisfaction. Plans for future development of the Page 26.1310.2course will also be discussed.IntroductionA recent ABET self-study

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division Technical Session 8

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrea L. Welker, Villanova University; Kathleen Louise Nazar; Paul Bonfanti, Villanova University

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

Civil Engineering

is the assessment chair and study abroad advisor for her department, the freshman director of the Civil Engineering Division for ASEE, and is the chair of the Continuing Education Committee for the Geo-Institute.Mrs. Kathleen Louise NazarPaul Bonfanti, Villanova University Paul Bonfanti is the Director of Planning and Policy Analysis for Villanova University. In that capacity, he performs quantitative and qualitative research and analysis for the University to inform policy and support strategic decision making. He also serves as an adjunct faculty member in the University’s Department of Public Administration, teaching Non Profit Management and Research and Analysis

Conference Session

Nuclear and Radiological Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Thomas E. Adams, NSWC Crane / Purdue University, West Lafayette; Shripad T. Revankar, Purdue University, West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Nuclear and Radiological

funding is available, provides best chance of success.  Students learn many skills not available in curriculum such as programmatic in writing proposals, cost estimates, planning and scheduling.  Often much time in graduate school is wasted trying to figure out a project and executing setup of an experiment. Number one problem leading to delays in graduation.US Government agencies have identified betavoltaics as a disruptive technology that is neededand should be pursued, as evident in reports and solicitations. In October 2013, the DefenseScience Board (DSB) issued its report on Technology and Innovation Enablers in 2030. TheDSB technology report specifically addresses the use of radionuclide power to lighten thesoldiers

Conference Session

Design Throughout the Mechanical Engineering Curriculum

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David C. Jensen, University of Arkansas; Dennis Beck, University of Arkansas

Tagged Divisions

Mechanical Engineering

skill level at the end ofthe project. These responses should identify which aspects of the project are most effective atimproving specific supporting skills and validate the category specification. Further, we plan toexplore how the perception of growth in design skills can be connected with methods that attemptobjective skill assessment to provide a holistic perspective. Ultimately, the aim of this work is to equip engineers with skills to design upon graduationwith confidence. By developing approaches based on scientifically validated methods of learningand thorough holistic evaluation metrics we can support continued industrial innovation.Acknowledgments This research is sponsored by the University of Arkansas Teaching and Support

Conference Session

Engineering Ethics Division Technical Session 1

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Bijan Sepahpour, The College of New Jersey

Tagged Divisions

Engineering Ethics

array of scenarios related to many different engineering fields. Each of themmore directly relates to a certain field and as a result, handled by a higher degree of interest fromthe participants majoring in that particular field. Although the cases are assigned to the groups,the groups have the liberty of choosing their own. Usually, however, they do approach thecoordinator to get his/her blessing for the proposed alternative case(s).The specific requirements set in the universal outline of the assignment are primarily there toprovide guidance for a comprehensive analysis. The outline of this exercise is enclosed in theappendices for your review. Each of the discipline-specific groups meets outside the seminartime to discuss, plan, and address

Conference Session

First-year Programs Division Technical Session 6: Hands-on Projects and Spatial Skills

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Diana Bairaktarova, University of Oklahoma; Matthew Reyes, University of Oklahoma; Nooshin Nassr P.E., University of Oklahoma; Dan Thomas Carlton, University of Oklahoma, College of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering

Tagged Topics

Diversity

Tagged Divisions

First-Year Programs

2a part of Engage (Engaging Students in Engineering), which works to increasing the retention rateof engineering majors [35, 36]. These schools typically offer freshman spatial courses that can beas simple and low cost as drafting or as highly refined 3-D CAD work. Whatever course of actiontaken is highly dependent on the student’s preexisting level of spatial skill and the likelihood of acertain format succeeding which is too unique for a standardized, nationwide plan [27, 6, 37, 38,8, 39, 40, 41]. 1.7 Recommendations for Enhancing Spatial Skills (Practitioners) While the traditional philosophy of spatial skill gaps has to do with gender differences,recent studies are pointing out that environmental factors are influential as

Conference Session

Mechanics of Materials

Collection

2015 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Lafayette College; Clive L. Dym, Harvey Mudd College; Lori Bassman, Harvey Mudd College

Tagged Divisions

Mechanics

invoke literary and artistic perspectives on the central issue. We felt it critical to includecase studies about construction, planning, and possibility, and not exclusively about structuralfailures and ethical lapses, in order to help students appreciate the engineering enabled by thecourse theories, and to develop a sense that ethical decision-making is relevant in all situations,not simply when trying to assign blame for a disaster.Transfer of Approach to New InstitutionThe relocation of one of the authors to a new college presented an opportunity to test our theorythat our approach was readily transferable. The institutions were similar in some ways: bothundergraduate liberal arts colleges. However, at the new institution only half the