Conference Session

Socially Responsible Engineering I: Context, Innovation, and Reflection

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Ryan C. Campbell, Texas Tech University; Ngan T.T. Nguyen, Texas Tech University; Jeong-Hee Kim, Texas Tech University; Linda Ann Duke, Kansas State University, Marianna Kistler Beach Museum of Art; Roman Taraban, Texas Tech University; Danny D. Reible P.E., Texas Tech University

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Diversity

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

with engineeringbackgrounds (a postdoc and a tenured professor) and is sustained by contributions from guestspeakers from a variety of other fields, including education, cognitive psychology, technicalcommunication, visual art, interdisciplinary studies, and media/communications. Given theiradditional roles in course design and research on the project, two of these guests are coauthors onthis paper along with a graduate research assistant and a museum educator who provided VTStraining workshops at our university over the past few years for our core team and otherinterested faculty, postdocs, and students. As part of a larger study funded in part by the NationalScience Foundation (see Acknowledgments), this paper reports ongoing work to

Conference Session

Community-Engaged Engineering Education Challenges and Opportunities in Light of COVID-19 Paper Presentations 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

William C. Oakes, Purdue University at West Lafayette ; Paul A. Leidig P.E., Purdue University at West Lafayette; Nusaybah Abu-Mulaweh, Purdue University at West Lafayette ; Andrew Pierce, Purdue University at West Lafayette; Jorge Martinez

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Community Engagement Division, Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

effective teams. As we moved online, we held information sessions for the instructors.We shared the information, ideas for how to move ahead and best practices. It seemed that beingable to process together was as important as the content shared in these sessions.While the pandemic caused disruption in many projects, it also provided motivated students towork in creative new ways. A benefit of the move to online is that the students could not tinkerand figure things out, but instead had to thoroughly plan and execute their projects. It presentedthe opportunity for students to engage in more analyses. Test plans were developed. Design forFailure Mode and Effects Analysis (DFMEA) is a part of the design process in normal times andthese analyses are

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking II: Interpretation, Curricular Practices, and Structural Change

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jenifer Blacklock, University of Colorado - Boulder; Kathryn Johnson, Colorado School of Mines; Randy Cook, Colorado School of Mines; Natalie Ann Plata; Stephanie Claussen, San Francisco State University

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

classes, though the practice is not widespread. For example, Huff [4] andJohnson, Leydens, and Moskal [9] have augmented engineering classes with social justiceconcepts, and Riley [10] and Leydens and Lucena [6] have published books that can be used as aguide for doing so in many disciplines. A consideration of “sociotechnical” from a humanorganizations perspective is described by Subrahmanian for a design engineering class [11].Engineering has been introduced as a sociotechnical process in a new introductory classdescribed in [12]. Hoople and Choi-Fitzpatrick have recently published a new text designed tofoster sociotechnical integration into engineering classes [13]. Other examples exist, but suchcases do not represent the bulk of engineering

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking II: Interpretation, Curricular Practices, and Structural Change

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Melissa C Kenny, Wake Forest University; Olga Pierrakos, Wake Forest University ; Monique O'Connell, Wake Forest University

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with the WFU Program for Leadership and Character and many colleagues across the university. With inclusion being a core value, she is proud that the WFU Engineering team represents 60% female engineering faculty and 40% female students, plus 20% of students from ethnic minority groups. Her areas of expertise include engineering identity, complex problem solving across cognitive and non-cognitive domains, recruitment and retention, PBL, engineering design, learning through ser- vice, character education in engineering contexts, etc. She also conducts research in cardiovascular fluid mechanics and sustainable energy technologies. Prior to joining Wake Forest University, Olga served as a Program Director at the

Conference Session

Engineering Communication I: History and Praxis

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Kathryn A. Neeley, University of Virginia; Michael Alley, Pennsylvania State University

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

implied anintegrated approach that could deliver on the potential of the HSS to contribute to engineeringeducation. A report commissioned by ABET to assess the impact of the EC2000 redesigndescribed the motivation for change: “For most of the second half of the 20th century, ABET’saccreditation criteria dictated all major elements of an accredited engineering program, includingprogram curricula, faculty, and facilities. In the mid-1990s, however, the engineering communitycollectively began to question the validity of such rigid accreditation requirements” (Lattuca,Terenzini, and Fredericks, 2006, p. 1). The new criteria were designed to allow flexibility and promote pedagogical andcurricular innovation. Perhaps most significantly, they

Conference Session

Community-Engaged Engineering Education Challenges and Opportunities in Light of COVID-19 Paper Presentations 2

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Cijy Elizabeth Sunny, Baylor University; Kathleen Koenig, University of Cincinnati

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Community Engagement Division, Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

dependent on their capacityto implement, plans for sustainability, innovation, STEM engagement best practices, more high-risk students, schools within the business vicinity, and sponsor priority [12].Post-secondary sample. In Spring of 2019, an updated APT-STEM was administered to 667students enrolled in a first semester calculus-based introductory physics course for engineers.This was done for continued validation of the instrument. However, because this was an oldergroup of students, the items were slightly reworded by the primary researcher in collaborationwith the course instructor. Also, this updated version had a total of 30-items compared to 24-items from the post-validation phase of the 2017 sample. This resulted because the items werere

Conference Session

Teamwork: Priming, Empathy, and Metacognition

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Andrea L. Schuman, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Lisa D. McNair, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; David Gray, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Desen Sevi Özkan, Tufts University

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

of the Center for Educational Networks and Impacts at the Institute for Creativity, Arts, and Technology (ICAT). Her research interests include interdisciplinary collaboration, design education, communication studies, identity theory and reflective practice. Projects supported by the National Science Foundation include exploring disciplines as cultures, liberatory maker spaces, and a RED grant to increase pathways in ECE for the professional formation of engineers.Dr. David Gray, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Dr. Gray receieved his B.S. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Virginia Tech in 2000. He then earned a M.S. and a Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from Virginia Tech in

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking II: Interpretation, Curricular Practices, and Structural Change

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Lafayette College; Kristen L. Sanford P.E., Lafayette College; Benjamin Cohen, Lafayette College

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

categorizing these codesinto themes. Each member of the research team performed this coding process independently,and, following best practices principles, we discussed the results thrice and recoded to establishreliability of the codes and themes [22].We also marked a few limitations of the study as we interpreted data. The self-selection ofrespondents is one such limitation. Of the approximately 700 alumni invited to participate, 256responded to our survey instrument. We consider the question of how representative theserespondents were in the discussion of our results. Regardless, we are mindful that our datasetincludes only about a third of the eligible participants. There is also a potential for coverage biasboth because the survey was web-based

Conference Session

Socially Responsible Engineering II: Pedagogy, Teamwork, and Student Experiences

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Athena Lin, Purdue University at West Lafayette; Justin L. Hess, Purdue University at West Lafayette

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Paper ID #33355Developing a Framework for Civic Responsibility in Engineering EducationMs. Athena Lin, Purdue University at West Lafayette Athena Lin is a graduate student in the School of Engineering Education at Purdue University and an NSF Graduate Research Fellow. She received her B.S. in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.Dr. Justin L. Hess, Purdue University at West Lafayette Dr. Justin L Hess is an assistant professor in the School of Engineering Education at Purdue University. His mission is to inspire change in engineering culture to become more socially responsive

Conference Session

Governance, Diplomacy, and International Comparisons in Engineering Education

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Yi Cao, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Xiaoye Ma, Tsinghua University; Jennifer M. Case, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Brent K. Jesiek, Purdue University at West Lafayette ; David B. Knight, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; William C. Oakes, Purdue University at West Lafayette; Marie C. Paretti, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Xiaofeng Tang, Tsinghua University; Zheping Xie, Tsinghua University; Haiyan Zhao

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Diversity

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

characteristics and careerchoices of engineering graduates, … as well as the characteristics of those with non-engineeringdegrees who are employed as engineers in the United States.” Authors of the report sought tosustain the supply of competent engineers in the US by investigating “the engineering education-to-workforce pathway.” Around the same time that the NAE study was conducted, engineeringeducators and policy makers in China were engaged in a series of conversations aimed atrenewing China’s engineering education for the next thirty years. These conversations laid thegroundwork for the Emerging Engineering Education (3E) initiative, announced officially by theMoE in 2017 and followed by waves of funded engineering education research and

Conference Session

Social Justice: Pedagogy, Curricular Reform, and Activism

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rachel Koh, Smith College; Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Lafayette College

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

the dictatorship to producepseudoscientific research and advance technologies that enabled, for instance, colonization andenergy independence. However, Lino Camprub´ı [2] contends that they “could hardly be calledpolitically neutral technocrats,” pointing to examples of highly regarded scientists and engineerswho were supportive of the surveillance, control, and “purifying” of science. Similarly, JoanneTuck [3] notes that many German engineers struggled after a massive job shortage induced by theGreat Depression at the end of the Weimar Republic. They competed for whatever business theycould find, including in the design and construction of the technologies that enabled ethniccleansing by genocide– and they did so knowingly. As Eric Katz [4

Conference Session

Professional Formation and Career Experiences

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Samantha Ruth Brunhaver, Arizona State University; Benjamin David Lutz, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Nathan E. Canney, Taylor Devices, Inc.

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conducts studies of new engineering pedagogy that help to improve student engagement and understanding.Dr. Benjamin David Lutz, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo Ben D. Lutz is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering Design at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo. He is the leader of the Critical Research in Engineering and Technology Education (CREATE) group at Cal Poly. His research interests include critical pedagogies; efforts for diversity, equity, and inclusion in engineering, engineering design theory and practice; conceptual change and understanding; and school- to-work transitions for new engineers. His current work explores a range of engineering education design contexts, including the

Conference Session

'Diversity' and Inclusion? Pedagogy, Experiences, Language and Performative Action

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jenn Stroud Rossmann, Lafayette College; Mary A. Armstrong, Lafayette College

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Diversity

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

. Engineering students who had completed the WGS 250course in Spring 2018 or 2019 but had not yet graduated (N = 7) were invited to one of two focusgroup sessions held in February, 2020. The invitation included a description of the study and anassurance of confidentiality.Informed consent was obtained from the study participants in writing before any questions wereposed. Discussions were facilitated by one author and a faculty colleague, neither of whom hadserved as an instructor for any WGS class. Focus group facilitators provided copies of the WGS250 reading list as a way of reminding participants of past course content and providingreference points for specific reading and authors. In keeping with best practices for focus groupinteractions

Conference Session

Engineering Communication I: History and Praxis

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Marcy Bloom Milhomme, Pennsylvania State University; Michael Alley, Pennsylvania State University; Lori B. Miraldi, Pennsylvania State University

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

targeted engineers. For the two sections of engineeringstudents (roughly 25 students in each section for a total of 50 students), the course was a success[11]. In this paper, we outline the history, curriculum design, and implementation of acommunication course targeted to engineering students. While the course centers on oralcommunication and public speaking, it is best described as a targeted communication coursebecause the curriculum also includes written and teamwork components. Because the course is acollaborative effort between a Communication Arts and Sciences Department and a College ofEngineering, it serves as a model for other universities and colleges interested in implementing acommunication skills course specifically for

Conference Session

Governance, Diplomacy, and International Comparisons in Engineering Education

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Atsushi Akera, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Sarah Appelhans, University at Albany-SUNY; Alan Cheville, Bucknell University; Thomas De Pree, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Soheil Fatehiboroujeni, Cornell University; Jennifer Karlin, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Donna M. Riley, Purdue University at West Lafayette

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

out ABET’s accreditation practices, and their underlyingcauses, as a way of assisting ABET, their volunteers, and the academic institutions that rely on1 Formally incorporated as the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, ABET has presented itself asABET and ABET Inc. since 1980.their services to improve upon their practices and outcomes. We close with several, stillpreliminary recommendations addressed to these three audiences.MethodThe data presented in this study is the product of a broader, exploratory study of changeprocesses and governance in U.S. engineering education. Organized around a basic, multi-sited,multi-scale research design, our research team carried out 277 semi-structured interviews at 43academic organizations

Conference Session

Engineering Communication I: History and Praxis

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Royce A Francis, George Washington University; Marie C. Paretti, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Rachel Riedner, George Washington University

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

up to a computer design,” Proc. - Front. Educ. Conf. FIE, pp. 853–855, 1993, doi: 10.1109/FIE.1993.405385.[28] S. Shapiro, “Degrees of freedom: The interaction of standards of practice and engineering judgment,” Sci. Technol. Hum. Values, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 286–316, 1997, doi: 10.1177/016224399702200302.[29] A. Johri, B. M. Olds, and K. O’connor, “Situative frameworks for engineering learning research,” in Cambridge Handbook of Engineering Education Research, Cambridge University Press, 2015, pp. 47–66.[30] R. A. House, R. Layton, J. Livingston, and S. Moseley, “Engineering ethos in environmental public policy deliberation,” IEEE Int. Prof. Commun. Conf., vol. 2015- Janua, 2015, doi: 10.1109

Conference Session

Engineering Education Culture: Mental Health, Inclusion, and the Soul of Our Community

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Hector Enrique Rodriguez-Simmonds, Purdue University; Avneet Hira, Boston College

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

questioned those practices to be an equitable instructor and researcher.Avneet is an Assistant Professor in the Human-Centered Engineering Program at BostonCollege. She was a graduate student in Purdue’s School of Engineering education from 2014 to2018. After Purdue, she worked in the corporate sector at MathWorks for a year and a half. Afterthat, she returned to academia, first as a Research Scientist at MIT, and then in her current role asan inaugural faculty member of a new undergraduate engineering program in a Jesuit LiberalArts College. Avneet grew up in several cities in India and considers her father’s military serviceand mother’s work as an educator and social worker to have influenced her life’s values. Shebelieves that her time at Purdue

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking I: Classroom Experiences, Identity, and Theory

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Jonathan Seth Krones, Boston College; Jenna A. Tonn, Boston College; Russell C. Powell, Boston College

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Can a Body Do? How We Meet the Built World, the artist, design researcher, and OlinCollege professor Sara Hendren writes, “Engineering is not the science of the laboratory alone…It is fundamentally applied, which means its results live in the world. It belongs to people, notjust as ‘users’ but as protagonists of their dimensional lives” [1, p. 23]. Hendren’s invocation of avision of engineering as radically human-centered provided the philosophical and humanisticcore to our interdisciplinary teaching team as we embarked on designing a new course forfirst-year students at Boston College (BC). Our course, Making the Modern World: Design,Ethics, and Engineering (MMW), situated engineering practice and knowledge within its social,political, and

Conference Session

Ethics, Mindfulness, and Reform During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Shahrima Maharubin, Texas Tech University; Shamsul Arefeen, Texas Tech University; Ryan C. Campbell, Texas Tech University; Roman Taraban, Texas Tech University

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

modalities for the transfer and co-creation ofknowledge, requirements, and possibilities for change in operational models and tapping into theboundary-breaking opportunities fostered by digital ways of teaching and learning. This studyaims to provide a future-proof pathway for the engineering education ecosystem to better equip itfor solving real-world problems with a multi-disciplinary approach to create new value forsociety. In the process, the study also sheds light on relevant new research avenues.1. IntroductionNeeds-driven innovation (also known as needs-based innovation) has been in use in the field ofBio-design for nearly 20 years now. [1]. One of these innovation techniques is framed through a'why or what and how' approach by Kate

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking I: Classroom Experiences, Identity, and Theory

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Stephanie Claussen, San Francisco State Unviersity; Janet Y Tsai, University of Colorado Boulder; Kathryn Johnson, Colorado School of Mines; Jenifer Blacklock, University of Colorado Boulder; Jon A. Leydens, Colorado School of Mines

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

of engineering, science, and technology to include new forms of communication and problem solving for emerging grand challenges. A second vein of Janet’s research seeks to identify the social and cultural impacts of technological choices made by engineers in the process of designing and creating new devices and systems. Her work considers the intentional and unintentional consequences of durable struc- tures, products, architectures, and standards in engineering education, to pinpoint areas for transformative change.Dr. Kathryn Johnson, Colorado School of Mines Kathryn Johnson is a Professor at the Colorado School of Mines in the Department of Electrical Engi- neering. In the Fall 2011, she was a visiting

Conference Session

Socially Responsible Engineering II: Pedagogy, Teamwork, and Student Experiences

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Larkin Martini, Colorado School of Mines; Jordyn MacKenzie Helfrich, Colorado School of Mines

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

. American c Society for Engineering Education, 2021 Reclassifying Teaching Methods based on a Comparison of Student and Faculty Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility in the ClassroomAbstract Though Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been identified as an important part ofundergraduate and graduate curriculum for the Mining and Petroleum Departments by both industry andprofessors, there seems to be a difference between student identification of CSR content that could indicatea difference in teaching styles and possible effectiveness. We know very little about engineering professors’experiences of teaching CSR to engineering students. Previous research has investigated how

Conference Session

Socially Responsible Engineering I: Context, Innovation, and Reflection

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Rider W. Foley, University of Virginia; Rachel Sinclair, University of Virginia; Araba Dennis, Purdue University

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

for the Center for Nanotechnology in Society at Arizona State University. Rider is a Research Collaborator with the Sustainability Science Education program at the Biodesign Institute. His research focuses on wicked problems that arise at the intersection of society and technology. Rider holds a Ph.D. in Sustainability from Arizona State University, and a Master’s de- gree in Environmental Management from Harvard University and a Bachelor’s degree in Environmental Science from University of New Hampshire. Before earning his doctorate, he has worked for a decade in consulting and emergency response for Triumvirate Environmental Inc.Rachel Sinclair, University of Virginia Rachel Sinclair is a graduate with a

Conference Session

Community-Engaged Engineering Education Challenges and Opportunities in Light of COVID-19 Paper Presentations 1

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Reed Marshall ; Daylen James McGhee, United States Military Academy; Lixrine Epie Ngeme, United States Military Academy; Joseph Carl Price ; Aaron T. Hill Jr., United States Military Academy; Brad C. McCoy, United States Military Academy; Kevin P. Arnett P.E., United States Military Academy

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Community Engagement Division, Equity, Culture & Social Justice in Education, Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

tasks, and meet objectives. Their ability to meet their objectives, and in fact, surpass allexpectations can best be demonstrated through a quote from a retired Brigadier General withclose ties to Franklin Military Academy, “[This was] a great event...probably the mostsignificant Zoom Conference I have attended this year. If the Richmond West PointSociety can provide Franklin and other Schools with kits, the ability for 360 Cradle to Careers(C2C) to have greater impact becomes a model that is replicated across the country. Movementis minimized but access and mentoring both for the events and post counsel are possible. WestPoint Cadets were phenomenal and as an advertisement for what I believe is the Nation's bestholistic development university

Conference Session

Professional Formation and Career Experiences

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Angela R. Bielefeldt, University of Colorado Boulder; Jake Walker Lewis; Madeline Polmear, University of Florida; Daniel Knight, University of Colorado Boulder; Chris Swan, Tufts University

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

computing in society.These courses included an array of humanities/social science (HSS) courses and engineeringcourses (e.g., capstone design). Many described feeling somewhat unprepared for a variety ofethical situations on the job. Most advocated for greater engineering ethics education, primarilythrough integration into existing engineering courses. Limitations in the work include a fairlysmall sample. The results provide insights into how educational practices are influential in termsof the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of working engineers with respect to ethics andbroader impacts.BackgroundThere are numerous incidents of unethical practices in engineering [1,2,3] and times whennegative impacts to communities and individuals have

Conference Session

Social Justice: Pedagogy, Curricular Reform, and Activism

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Joseph Valle, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor; Israa Ali, University of Michigan ; Corin L. Bowen, California State University, Los Angeles; Donna M Riley, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

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Diversity

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

, p. 11]. Circle overlaps and connections via solid black lines and dotted thin blue linesrepresent dialectic relationships between concepts. The dotted thin blue lines are alsorepresentative of constructed barriers across domains of power, where barrier (and thus opening)size is a function of overall approach, constraining or creating opportunities to navigate towardliberation. As such, the action of engineering graduate students engaging in the strike as alearning method becomes a focal point for this research, where this research study providesparticipants with a reflective space for their own critical consciousness raising around theinterconnections between engineering and labor. Simultaneously, their reflections allow theresearch team to

Conference Session

Socially Responsible Engineering I: Context, Innovation, and Reflection

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Marie Stettler Kleine, Colorado School of Mines; Kari Zacharias, Concordia University; Desen Sevi Ozkan, Tufts University

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Diversity

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Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

Paper ID #34034Contextualization as Virtue in Engineering EducationDr. Marie Stettler Kleine, Colorado School of Mines Marie is currently a Postdoctoral Fellow for the Humanitarian Engineering Program in the Department of Engineering, Design, and Society at Colorado School of Mines. She holds a B.S. in mechanical en- gineering and international studies from Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, and an M.S. and PhD in STS from Virginia Tech. She conducts research on engineering practice and pedagogy around the world, exploring its origins, purposes, and potential futures. Marie’s interest in values and engagement in profes

Conference Session

Sociotechnical Thinking I: Classroom Experiences, Identity, and Theory

Collection

2021 ASEE Virtual Annual Conference Content Access

Authors

Desen Sevi Ozkan, Tufts University; Kenyetta Anisah Rose Neal Akowa

Tagged Divisions

Liberal Education/Engineering & Society

more hospitals, shelters, and come up with ways to combat the natural disaster." In a similar vein, another student focused more on the "money [that] was put into the[disaster] response." This student explained their assumption in their response in that "morecapital investment leads to better resources available and shorter response time." This studentwent on to note that they would suggest best practices based on this monetary research and thensuggest improvements. A suggested improvement was to "allocate more money for immediatedisaster relief." In the more economic-driven suggestion, this student, as well as others, hadalready predetermined that a solution would be to increase the amount of money spent toalleviate the disaster's