Conference Session

LEES Session 9

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kathryn Neeley, University of Virginia; Sofia Zajec, University of Virginia; Morgan Stup, University of Virginia

level and the literary history of science and technology. She has served twice as the chair of the Liberal Education/Engineering and Society (LEES) Division of ASEE and received that division's Olmsted Award for outstanding contributions to liberal education for engineers. Her current research projects focus on humanistic education for engineers as a system that transcends particular courses and institutions; the interdependence of ethics, communication, and STS in engineering; and establishing a collective identity for the diverse community engaged in teaching and researching engineering communication.Sofia Zajec Sofia Zajec is a rising fourth-year student at the University of Virginia majoring in systems

Conference Session

LEES Session 8: Care and Commitments

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Marie Stettler Kleine, Colorado School of Mines; Elizabeth Reddy, Colorado School of Mines; Jessica Smith, Colorado School of Mines

, and the British Academy. In 2016 the National Academy of Engineering recognized her Corporate Social Responsibility course as a national exemplar in teaching engineering ethics. Professor Smith holds a PhD in Anthropology and a certificate in Women’s Studies from the University of Michigan and bachelor’s degrees in International Studies, Anthropology and Latin American Studies from Macalester College. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com The Multiplicity of Care in Engineering Education and Program BuildingIntroductionCare is a key framework for discussion and action in engineering education. It is cited as a wayto think

Conference Session

Pedagogy in Chemical Engineering Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lori Howe, University of Wyoming; Joseph Holles, University of Wyoming

training, andstatistics and statistical analysis of the data. While these undergraduate research methods are not as broadly available in the hardsciences and engineering, some are being offered.[6-8] Topics to improve the researchexperience are also starting to be incorporated into summer research experiences forundergraduates (REUs).[9] In contrast, similar research methods courses for graduate studentsare becoming more common and are broadly offered.[10-12] In contrast to the social sciencecourses, the graduate courses in engineering typically include such content as literature searches,reading the literature, delivering presentations, scientific method, research ethics, proposalwriting (including a research plan), patents, copyrights

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Yilmaz Hatipkarasulu, The University of Texas at San Antonio

ENGR 482 - ETHICS AND ENGINEERING 040 ARCH 249 - SURVEY WORLD ARCH HIS I 050 ARCH 250 - SURVEY WORLD ARCH HIS II 050 Texas A&M University ARCH 350 - HIST/THEOR MOD/CONT ARCH 050 ENDS 101- DESIGN PROCESS 050 ENDS 115 - DESIGN COMM FOUNDATION 050 ARCH 212 - SOCIAL & BEHAV FACT DESN 080 ARCH 458 - CULT ETHICAL GLOBAL PRAC

Conference Session

PCEE Session 4: Resource / Curriculum Exchange

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Taylor, University of Colorado Boulder; Amy Wilson-Lopez, Utah State University - Engineering Education; Ivonne Santiago, University of Texas at El Paso

, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Engineering and Data Science for Environmental Justice (Resource Exchange)Description:Engineers use their knowledge and skill to protect and improve the safety, health, and welfare ofpeople and the environment and are guided by the ideals of sustainable development [1].Similarly, one of the Environmental Justice (EJ) Principles [2] “mandates the right to ethical,balanced, and responsible uses of land and renewable resources in the interest of a sustainableplanet for humans and other living things.” Engineering ethics intersect with the right toenvironmental justice for all. However, communities of color have historically been and

Conference Session

Computing & Information Technology Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

David Liu, Purdue University Fort Wayne

programs to develop curricula and seek accreditation.KEYWORDSData Science, ABET Accreditation, Student Outcomes, Curriculum1 IntroductionDue to an increasing demand for data science related jobs [1], many universities started to offer Data Science degrees in the recent decade[1,2]. According to ABET [3,4], Data science draws on knowledge, skills and abilities from computing, mathematics, and statistics, allapplied in the context of domains that make use of data. The pervasive reach and multi-disciplinary nature of datascience causes special challenges in uniting traditionally separate disciplines into a coherent approach that produces ethical and well-trained practitioners. Agreement on standards is an important step in the maturation and

Conference Session

NSF Grantees Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kristen Wendell, Tufts University; Jessica Watkins, Vanderbilt University; Natalie De Lucca, Vanderbilt University; Tyrine Jamella Pangan, Tufts University; Rae Woodcock; Chelsea Andrews, Tufts University

just as atechnical task, but as a complex socio-technical activity with ethical, economic, and politicaldimensions. Our work foregrounds a perspective of care in students’ engineering discourse andbuilds on emerging frameworks exploring compassionate design, macroethics and ideology, andcritical socio-technical literacy (Learning in Places Collaborative, 2020; McGowan, 2018; Philipet al., 2018; Seshadri et al., 2019).In this paper and its related poster, we summarize our first year of design talk enactments andanalysis.Project OverviewAs a team of school-based teacher researchers and university-based researchers, we haveorganized our collective work around enacting and classifying different genres of whole-classdesign talks that support

Conference Session

CIT Division Technical Session #2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

James Nelson, Texas A&M University; Brent Donham, Texas A&M University - Commerce

now at a point where the number of connected devices significantlyexceeds the world population. [1] Each of these devices represents a potential entry point forindividuals with malicious intentions. As such, many contend that cybersecurity is nationalsecurity extending across multiple governmental, industry, and consumer sectors.To mitigate new and current threats as cybersecurity evolves into the future, considerableeducation and research is needed on both the operational technology and network sides of theindustry. This research and education, by its nature, involves vulnerability testing, intentionalnetwork intrusion, virus testing and ethical hacking. The conduct of these activities hasassociated internal and external risk, as well as

Conference Session

Environmental Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrew Pfluger, United States Military Academy; Michael Butkus, United States Military Academy; Benjamin Michael Wallen P.E., United States Military Academy

%. Of note, in accounting for concepts, adjectiveswere coupled to the noun they modified, e.g., adjective-noun pairings like “desired needs” werecounted as singular concepts. (4) The overall number of substantive words increased from 62 in SOs a – k to 71 in SOs1 – 7, which is an increase of ~15%.Further, as shown in Table 1, several key modifications to the content of SOs were made whentransitioning between a – k and 1 – 7: (5) For the transition between SO (c) to SO 2, the student action “design” was replacedwith “apply” referring to the concept “engineering design”. Additionally, the concepts of“system, component, or process”, “realistic constraints”, and “ethical”, “manufacturability”, and“sustainability” were removed, while

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division ASCE Liaison Committee - Accreditation and Curriculums - What Changes Are Occurring?

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Leslie Nolen, American Society of Civil Engineers; Jay Puckett, University of Nebraska - Lincoln; David Dzombak, Carnegie Mellon University; Wayne Bergstrom

: American Society of Civil Engineers These program criteria apply to engineering programs that include “civil” or similar modifiers in their titles. 1) Curriculum The curriculum must include: a) Application of: i) mathematics through differential equations, probability and statistics, calculus-based physics, chemistry, and at least one additional area of basic or formal science ii) engineering mechanics, materials science, and numerical methods relevant to civil engineering iii) principles of sustainability, risk, resilience, diversity, equity, and inclusion to civil engineering problems iv) the engineering design process in at least two civil engineering contexts v) an engineering code of ethics to ethical

Conference Session

Works in Progress: Chemical Engineering Education

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Sarah Wilson, University of Kentucky; Tracy Carter, Northeastern University; Amy Karlsson; Janie Brennan, Washington University in St. Louis; Joanne Beckwith, University of Michigan; Samira Azarin; Chris Barr, University of Michigan

deliverable.” 12. “Ethics in the Laboratory: Behave with highest ethical standards, including reporting information objectively and interacting with integrity.” 13. “Sensory Awareness: Use the human senses to gather information and to make sound engineering judgments in formulating conclusions about real-world problems.” [8]Although these outcomes are fairly complete, it could easily be overwhelming for an instructorto try and design a course to cover thirteen separate outcomes. A more common recommendationfrom pedagogy experts is to design a course to teach three to seven overall outcomes [9].Additionally, it is important to note that these learning outcomes are not specific to chemicalengineering, but cover skills general to all

Conference Session

Utilizing Technology to Train Chemical Engineering Students

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jeffrey Stransky, Rowan University; Cheryl Bodnar, Rowan University; Daniel Burkey, University of Connecticut; Daniel Anastasio, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology; Matthew Cooper, North Carolina State University at Raleigh

Paper ID #36541Exploring Engineering Students’ Decision Making Prioritiesin a Digital Plant EnvironmentJeffrey Stransky Jeffrey Stransky is a PhD candidate in the Experiential Engineering Education (ExEEd) Department at Rowan University. His research interests involve studying engineering ethics and decision making and using digital games as safe teaching environments. He has published in the overlap of these topics by integrating digital games into chemical engineering curriculum to help students build an awareness of the ethical and practical implications of their decisions. Jeffrey obtained his BS and MSc

Conference Session

LEES Session 8: Care and Commitments

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Lauren Kuryloski, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Amy Baird, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York

Paper ID #37314Diverse Perspectives, Engineering in Context, andExperiential Learning in Engineering EducationLauren Kuryloski (Assistant Professor of Teaching) Lauren Kuryloski is an Assistant Professor of Teaching in the Department of Engineering Education at the University at Buffalo. She teaches Technical Communication courses at both the undergraduate and graduate level.Amy Baird Amy Baird is an Assistant Professor of Practice in the Department of Engineering Education at the University at Buffalo. She teaches STEM Communications and Ethics in Engineering and Computing to undergraduate engineering and

Conference Session

Computers in Education 10 - Technology 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jose Lopez, University of Florida; Thiago Matheus de Andrade Bezerra, University of Florida; Dalton Cravens, University of Florida; Jeremiah Blanchard

coastal development and erosion, sustainablepractice is also of critical interest in the field of engineering education is the promotion ofsustainable practices, as demonstrated in various modern engineering code of ethics [11]-[13].Coastal development can benefit through sustainable practices to reduce coastal erosion ratescaused by human activity. Thus, SimCoast aims to educate current and future engineers,especially those with focus on coastal and civil engineering, about the options available tofurther the goal of sustainable practices while also demonstrating the limitations of each option[5]. Additionally, the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) learningoutcomes include the promotion of ethical and professional

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy - Philosophy of Engineering Division Technical Session 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Cristián Vargas-Ordóñez, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE); Morgan Hynes, Purdue University at West Lafayette (COE)

Argentina, and a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of America in Colombia.Morgan M Hynes (Assistant Professor) © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Transdisciplinary STEAM education: Advocating for compassion as a core value in engineeringIntroductionTransdisciplinary STEAM education might help introduce compassion as an internal core valueof engineering. Currently, a utilitarian perspective of ethics and a Rawlsian approach to justicedominate engineering and are prevalent in the undergraduate curriculum. As a result, engineerswho learn under these approaches may design technologies

Conference Session

LEES 4: Understanding and Disrupting Engineering Cultures

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Chandra Turpen, University of Maryland College Park; Jennifer Radoff, University of Maryland College Park; Keeron Rahman, University of Maryland College Park; Paul Adkins, University of Maryland College Park; Harkirat Sangha; Samshritha Bikki

, Technology, and Society (STS) programI. IntroductionIn many orientations to social science research, study participants are positioned as objects ofinquiry, but are not treated as partners in the inquiry process or within knowledge developmentprocesses. This paper offers one account of an engineering education research team disruptingthis dichotomy between “researcher” and “researched.”This work takes place in the context of an NSF-funded ethnographic investigation of Universityof Maryland (UMD) College Park Scholars Science, Technology, and Society Living LearningCommunity (STS-LLC) [1]. Our investigation focuses on understanding how engineeringstudents’ macro-ethical reasoning develops within the cultural practices of this community [2-5].In our

Conference Session

First-Year Programs Division Technical Session 11: Program Descriptions and Learning Analytics

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Joan Tisdale, University of Colorado Boulder; Angela Bielefeldt, University of Colorado Boulder; Laura MacDonald, University of Colorado Boulder; Carlo Salvinelli, University of Colorado Boulder

). Bielefeldt is active in the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), serving on the Civil Engineering Program Criteria Task Committee (2019-2022) and the Body of Knowledge 3 Task Committee (2016-2018). She is the Senior Editor for the International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering (IJSLE) and a Deputy Editor for the ASCE Journal of Civil Engineering Education. Her research focuses on engineering education, including ethics, social responsibility, sustainable engineering, and community engagement. Bielefeldt is also a Fellow of the American Society for Engineering Education.Laura MacDonald Managing Director, Mortenson Center in Global EngineeringCarlo Salvinelli Dr. Salvinelli is a Teaching Assistant

Conference Session

NEE Technical Session - Assessment/Evaluation

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Nathan Washuta, The Citadel; Alyson Eggleston, The Citadel; James Righter, The Citadel; Robert Rabb, The Citadel

factors that students must consider when applying engineering design, including publichealth, safety, and welfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economicfactors. Furthermore, Student Outcome 4 addresses the ethical and professional responsibilitiesthat students must consider in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts. Whilethese considerations collectively represent a wide range of potential real-world issues,differentiating between these categories can provide a difficult task, as many of these termsoverlap in meaning. Student teams often struggle to understand the difference between each ofthese contexts and it can be difficult to assess whether each context has been fully considered.No specific guidance

Conference Session

Energy Conversion and Conservation Technical Session 3: Design of Novel Energy-Related Courses and Course Materials

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ira Harkness, University of Florida

. To introduce the connection between nuclear engineering and related areas, such as medical physics, national security, etc.Course learning outcomes were developed based on the detailed goals above. The courselearning outcomes (referring to skills appropriate for first-year, post-secondary students) were: 1. Students will demonstrate an understanding of the major subfields of nuclear engineering. 2. Students will demonstrate an ability to solve basic nuclear engineering problems. 3. Students will demonstrate an understanding of engineering ethics and be able to relate these concepts to real-life situations. 4. Students will demonstrate the ability to recognize and analyze a connection between their major and the

Conference Session

Construction Engineering Division Technical Session 4

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Behnam Shadravan

Critical Thinking in an Undergraduate Construction Course ProjectAbstractIt is verified that undergraduate students learn through research. A short project was designed andperformed to assist the understanding of interdisciplinary ethics, political, environmental,economic, and other disciplines in civil and construction engineering projects. It was part of alarger structural design project. The project was a simulation of real-life multidisciplinary aspectsof engineering projects. Various ways were tested and developed. Individual and group projectswere assigned.An activity of theatrical role presentation was added to the previous methods that included a criticalthinking debate. After an initial literature

Conference Session

LEES 4: Understanding and Disrupting Engineering Cultures

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Jennifer Radoff, University of Maryland College Park; Chandra Turpen, University of Maryland College Park; Fatima Abdurrahman, University of Maryland College Park; Danjing Chen, University of Maryland College Park; David Tomblin, University of Maryland College Park; Amol Agrawal; Sona Chudamani

programs. This work (which was inspired by my own experiences as a graduate student in astronomy) built upon my background in physics education research from my undergraduate days, when I began working as a Learning Assistant (LA) with Dr. Chandra Turpen. My experience as an LA introduced me to PER, and gave me the opportunity to get involved in curriculum design and research as an undergraduate. After my PhD, I returned to Dr. Turpen’s group as a postdoctoral researcher, and have since redirected my focus to the study of ethics and institutional change in STEM higher education.David Tomblin (Director/Senior Lecturer) UMD College ParkAmol Agrawal Amol Agrawal is an undergraduate student at the University of Maryland

Conference Session

LEES 1: Critical Humanities and Serious Play

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Kendall Teichert, Trine University

) two different “personal stories” about their topic (the personal storywas explained to be an account of someone’s personal experience with something related to thetopic).The second reflection assignment explored engineering and ethical sources: (1) a sourceexploring an engineering perspective on their topic, (2) a source investigating an ethicalperspective about their topic, (3) an additional source that was either another engineering orethical perspective. All written sources needed to be at least 750 words in length, and videosources needed to be at least 10 minutes in length.Adaptation of Project ContextFinally, in the original implementation of the project, the only context to the project was thesource text and the technical requirements

Conference Session

Mechanical Engineering: Assorted Topics

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Raghu Echempati, Kettering University

NX CAE tool has been carried out and theresults compared with the results from 1D simulation have been compared with an earlier workthat used the AutoDesk simulation tool. The main design variables in these stands are thegeometry, material and safety factor. The teaching and learning outcomes of the work along withthe safety and ethical issues have been discussed. It is hoped that through this study the studentsdevelop a clear understanding of assumptions made in the CAD and FEA course topics onframes and how they address the CLOs.Introduction and Literature ReviewStructural analysis of space frames is not a new subject. There are numerous textbooks andresearch papers available on this topic [1-4]. In addition, several CAE tools have been

Conference Session

Computers in Education 7 - Modulus 2

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Mahmoud Quweider, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; Fitratullah Khan; Liyu Zhang; Hansheng Lei

—Criminal Justice a. CRIJ 1301: Intro to Crim Justice b. CRIJ 3316: Crime Investigation & Proof 4. Legal and Ethical Principles—Business a. INFS 3308: Bus Info Infra b. BLAW 333:7 Bus Law I c. Corporate and Ethical Principles—Business d. INFS 4312: E-Commerce Design (Elective) e. INFS 4330: Business Intelligence (Elective) f. INFS 4391: Information Security (Elective) g. INFS 4397: Health Computer Information Systems (Elective) Figure 2. Cyber Security Degree/Flow ChartFig. 2 shows the details of the degree. It has a total of 120 hours with 50 advanced hours (core,technical electives, and support courses). As we can see, the degree is a balanced

Conference Session

DEED Technical Session 10: Empathy and Human-centered Design

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Johanna Okerlund, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; David Wilson, University of North Carolina at Charlotte; Celine Latulipe, University of Manitoba

interested in the social dimension of theirpractice throughout their degree program [5]. Stand-alone ethics courses or modules helppermeate tech culture by creating space to foreground a human-centered focus, but oftenreinforce the idea that such practices are separate from the central technical content.It is thus imperative to develop ways of integrating and emphasizing human-centered learninggoals alongside and within technical learning experiences. In our work, we explore thepossibilities of integrating a human-centered perspective in STEM courses through informalmaker activities. We developed and ran a capstone course for a group of 5 upper levelundergraduate computing students to participate in the common maker practice of creating 3Dprinted

Conference Session

Pre-College Engineering Education Division Poster Session

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Ibrahim H. Yeter, Nanyang Technological University; Jeffrey Radloff; Cristina Diordieva, Nanyang Technological University

, Solutions, and Impacts (ISI); Ethics (Ethics); Teamwork(Team); and Engineering Communication (Comm Engr). These indicators guided our contentanalysis and served as a coding rubric showing engineering content evidence. The standard wascoded only when the engineering content was met and if students were doing and involved in theengineering framework. One standard could have multiple key QEE indicators. Each researchercoded the standard separately to reach the consistency of and validate the codes with the QEEframework. Each standard document included key terms and definitions, for instance, design,solution, investigation, criteria, constraints, materials, test, failure, and model. These key termsand definitions served as guidance for the

Conference Session

ECE Division Technical Session 2: Long-Term Institutional Outcome Evaluations and Capstone Innovations

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Filip Cuckov, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Marisha Rawlins, Wentworth Institute of Technology; Wayne Bynoe, Wentworth Institute of Technology; James McCusker, Wentworth Institute of Technology

applications Figure 7. NWK - Computer Networks compliance mapping (85% Overall).7. PPP - Preparation for Professional PracticeUpon closer inspection of the LOs in the PPP KA, which complies with 79% of the IEEE/ACMrecommendations, as shown in Figure 8, a common weakness emerges in the philosophicalframeworks and cultural issues, contemporary issues, and professional and ethicalresponsibilities KUs: ethics. Studies on how to better incorporate ethics education in CEcurricula [17] suggest that the solution is threefold: develop case studies based on real-worldexamples for students to practice and develop ethical reasoning skills, combining (wheneverpossible) ethics with technical content across the curriculum, and engaging the faculty to

Conference Session

Multidisciplinary Engineering Division Technical Session - Best Paper

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Duncan Davis, Northeastern University; Ciana Winston, Northeastern University

. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2022 Powered by www.slayte.com Decreasing Student Stress Through Multi-Attempt Digital Engineering Assessments with Rotating QuestionsAbstract:This paper will discuss building multi-attempt quizzes and exams that use the Canvas LearningManagement System (LMS) to deliver engineering assessments designed to lower overallstudent stress and anxiety. These assessments use practice-focused questions that force studentsto build programs (C++ and Matlab), draft engineering drawings (AutoCAD and Solidworks),and apply engineering design, ethics, and intellectual property concepts to solve open-responsequestions. Each time a student takes the

Conference Session

Technological and Engineering Literacy - Philosophy of Engineering Division Technical Session 3

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Renato Alan Bezerra Rodrigues; Jillian Seniuk Cicek, University of Manitoba; Kari Zacharias, Concordia University; Jeffrey Paul, University of Manitoba

ANT is a greattool to help students consider the importance of non-human actors because modelling and visualrepresentations, which lend themselves to ANT, are “natural for engineering students” (Irish & Romkey,2021, p. 3). Additionally, the authors noticed that ANT creates a roadmap for identifying and addressingquestions about environmental ethics, and how morality should be assigned to non-human actors.Berne (2018) purposefully applied the lenses and language of ANT to teach engineering ethics andelucidate the complexity of inter-relationships between actors inherent in all engineering practice. In acourse on reproductive technology, the author took students to an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) clinic andused ANT to help students notice

Conference Session

Civil Engineering Division - Innovative Changes to the Typical Civil Engineering Coursework.

Collection

2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

Authors

Andrea Welker, Villanova University; Virginia Smith, Villanova University; Kristin Sample-Lord, Villanova University; Shweta Shrestha, Villanova University

the EOP framework, a summary of the approach takento rapidly integrate the EOP framework throughout the curriculum, a description of how the EOPoutcomes were included in and assessed in several civil engineering courses, and the next stepsin EOP implementation in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department. The goal is toprovide a snapshot of where this program is in the implementation of the EOP as well as theapproach taken to rapidly implement the EOP.IntroductionThe incorporation of sustainability concepts into Civil Engineering curricula has been a topic ofdiscussion for nearly two decades, e.g., [1], [2], [3]. The importance of sustainability to CivilEngineering is recognized by its incorporation in the Code of Ethics [4], the